权威trados英汉术语库：经济学

Chinese English

横坐标horizontal axis

纵坐标vertical axis

需求曲线demand curve

需求表demand schedule

有效需求effective demand

机会成本opportunity cost

均衡价格equilibrium price

需求法则law of demand

需求价格弹性price elasticity of demand

供给价格弹性price elasticity of supply

边际效用或满足递减diminishing marginal utility or

satisfaction

饱和点saturation point

派生需求derived demand

……根据市场因素力量来制定生产计划to make their production plans on the basis of the strength of the market forces

消费者主权consumer sovereignty

政府委托的补助金government-mandated subsidy

财务报表financial statement

负社会成本negative social costs

规模经济economies of scale

最大负荷peak-load

（为创立企业的）筹款flotation

最小有效规模minimum efficient scale

(MES)

市场势力market power

经济福利economic well-being

反托拉斯法antitrust law

边际成本定价法marginal-cost pricing

平均成本定价法average-cost pricing

无谓损失deadweight loss

公有制public ownership

投票机制voting booth

产业组织industrial organization

市场失灵market failure

解职费、解雇费severance pay

不完全竞争市场结构imperfectly competitive

market structure

垃圾邮件junk mail

边际收益=边际成本MR=MC(marginal revenue

=marginal cost)

市场份额market share

价格制定者price maker

价格接受者price taker

免费送货上门free home delivery

达到预期目的、获得

成功

do the trick

资本存量capital stock

国民收入账户national income account 生产要素factor of production

要素成本factor cost

开支法expenditure approach 要素收入法factor income approach

政府对产品和劳务的采购government purchase of goods and services

净出口net export

个人消费支出personal consumption

expenditure

私人国内总投资gross private domestic

investment

转移支付transfer payment

总支出aggregate expenditure

雇员报酬compensation of employees

租金收入rental income

公司利润corporate profits

净利息net interest

业主收入proprietor’s income

扣除（所得税）withhold

附加福利、附带的好处fringe benefit

养老基金缴款Pension fund contribution 估算的租金imputed rent

未偿还余额、未清余额outstanding balance

在……之间产生分裂/

差别

drive a wedge between 磨损、消耗wear and tear

资本积累capital accumulation

人均实际国内生产总值real GDP per capita

总量生产函数aggregate production function

生产可能性边缘界production possibility frontier 为学校保险underwrite schooling

投入生产率productivity of an input

资本形成capital formation

社会分摊资本social overhead capital

资源禀赋resource endowments

产生回报yield a return

贫困的恶性循环假设vicious-circle-of-poverty

hypothesis

资本外逃capital flight