(完整版)小学英语语法_四大时态(最新整理)

四大时态复习

1. 一般现在时

（1）一般现在时的构成（肯定句）

☆ be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

☆行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。

☆当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。

如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

（2）一般现在时的变化

☆ . be动词的变化。

[否定句]：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

[一般疑问句]：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

[特殊疑问句]：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?

☆ .行为动词的变化。

[否定句]：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.

[一般疑问句]：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?

- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

[特殊疑问句]：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?

*动词+s的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

2. 现在进行时

（1）一般现在时的构成：be(am,is, are)+ 动词的ing形式。如：I am reading. 我正在读书（2）现在进行时的否定句在be后加not，即be(am,is, are) + not + 动词的ing形式。

如：She is not doing her homework now. 她现在没有做作业。

（3）现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首，即Be(am,is, are) + 人+ 动词ing形式。

如：Are you drinking milk now? 你现在在喝牛奶吗？

（4）现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+ be + 人+ 动词ing?

如：Where are you going? 你现在去哪？

但who当主语时其结构为：Who + be + 动词ing?

如：Who is talking to you? 谁在和你说话？

*动词加ing的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping

3. 一般将来时

（1）一般将来时基本结构：①be going to + do（动词原形）；②will+ do（动词原形）. （2）[否定句]：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。

结构为：be(am, is, are) + not + 动词原形will not + 动词原形(will not = won’t)例如：①I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.

→I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.

②I will go shopping this weekend.

→I will not go shopping this weekend.= I won’t go shopping this weekend.

（3）[一般疑问句]：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。

例如：①We are going to go on an outing this weekend.

→ Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?

② I will play football tomorrow afternoon.

→ Will you play football tomorrow afternoon?

（4）[特殊疑问句]

①问人用Who

例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.

②问干什么用What …do.

例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.

→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.

③问什么时候用When.

例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?

4. 一般过去时

（1）．[肯定句] be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

☆ am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）

☆ are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

行为动词在一般过去时的句子中要变成过去式（一般是在句子后面加ed）

（2）[否定句]：be动词变成was not(wasn’t) 或were not (weren’t)

如：He wasn’t a teacher two years ago.

didn’t +动词原形

如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

（3）[一般疑问句]

有be动词的一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

如：Were you a teacher two years ago?

句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子,在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

如：Did Jim go home yesterday?

（4）[特殊疑问句]：①疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？

如：What did Jim do yesterday?

②疑问词是who时：疑问词+动词过去式？

如：Who went to home yesterday?

* 动词过去式变化规则：

☆．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

☆．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

☆．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，

再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

☆．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

☆．不规则动词过去式：

am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took,

run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode,

speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

【随堂练习】

一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数

drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________

study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______

二、按照要求改写句子

1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)

___________________________

4. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)

________________________________________________________

5. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)

___________________________________________________

三．写出下列动词的现在分词：

play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________

四、句型转换：

1. They are doing housework .(改成否定句)

_____________________________________________________________

2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

_________________________________________________________________

3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

五．填空。

1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.

I ________ have a picnic with my friends.

2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.

What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.

3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________.

She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.

4. 你们打算什么时候见面。

What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?

5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）

Nancy ________ going to go camping.

6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）

I _______ go ______ join them.

7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）

________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）

_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.

9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）

________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?

10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(对划线部分提问)

_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.

七．写出下列动词的过去式

fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________

make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______

do ________

八、句型转换

1. It was exciting.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

2. All the students were very excited.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 3. They were in his pocket.

否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 4. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.

否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

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