中小学教师资格考试常用英语语法专业术语英汉对照

中小学教师资格考试常用英语语法专业术语英汉对

照

Revised by Liu Jing on January 12, 2021

英语语法专用术语汉英对照

语法 grammar 句法 syntax

词法 morphology 句子 sentence

从句 clause 词组 phrase

词类 part of speech 单词 word

实词 notional word 虚词 structural word

单纯词 simple word 派生词 derivative

复合词 compound 集体名词 collective noun

个体名词 individual noun 介词 preposition

连词 conjunction 动词 verb

主动词 main verb 及物动词 transitive verb

不及物动词 intransitive verb 系动词 link verb

助动词 auxiliary verb 情态动词 modal verb

规则动词 regular verb 不规则动词 irregular verb 动词短语 phrasal verb 限定动词 finite verb

使役动词 causative verb 感官动词 verb of senses 动态动词 event verb 静态动词 state verb

感叹词 exclamation 形容词 adjective

名词 noun 专有名词 proper noun

普通名词 common noun 可数名词 countable noun

不可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词 abstract noun

具体名词 concrete noun 物质名词 material noun

原级 positive 比较级 comparative

最高级 superlative 副词 adverb

方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree

时间副词 adverb of time 地点副词 adverb of place

修饰性副词 adjunct 连接性副词 conjunct

疑问副词 interrogative adverb 关系副词 relative adverb

代词 pronoun 人称代词 personal pronoun

物主代词 possessive pronoun 反身代词 reflexive pronoun

相互代词 reciprocal pronoun 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun

疑问代词 interrogative pronoun 关系代词 relative pronoun

不定代词 indefinite pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun

名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun

形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun

冠词 article 定冠词 definite article

不定冠词 indefinite article 数词 numeral

基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral

分数词 fractional numeral 形式 form

单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form

限定动词 finite verb form 非限定动词 non-finite verb form 原形从句 base form clause 从属句 subordinate clause

并列句 coordinate clause 名词从句 nominal clause

定语从句 attributive clause 状语从句 adverbial clause

宾语从句 object clause 主语从句 subject clause

同位语从句 appositive clause

时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time

地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place

方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner 让步状语

从句 adverbial clause of concession

原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause

结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result

目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose

条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition

真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition

非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition

含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition

错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition

句子 sentence

简单句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence

复合句 complex sentence 并列复合句compound sentence 陈述句 declarative sentence

疑问句 interrogative sentence 一般疑问句 general question 特殊疑问句 special question 选择疑问句alternative question

附加疑问句 tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question

修辞疑问句 rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence

肯定句 positive sentence 基本句型 basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence

祈使句 imperative sentence 省略句elliptical sentence 感叹句 exclamatory sentence 句子成分members of sentence

主语 subject 谓语 predicate

宾语 object 双宾语 dual object

直接宾语 direct object 间接宾语 indirect object

复合宾语 complex object 同源宾语cognate object

补语complement

主补 subject complement 宾补 object complement

表语 predicative 定语 attribute

同位语 appositive 状语adverbial

句法关系 syntactic relationship 并列 coordinate

从属 subordinate 修饰modification

前置修饰 pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification 限制 restriction 双重限制double restriction

非限制non-restriction 数 number

单数形式 singular form 复数形式plural form

规则形式 regular form 不规则形式irregular form

格 case

普通格common case 所有格 possessive case

主格 nominative case 宾格 objective case

性 gender 阳性 masculine

阴性 feminine 通性common

中性neuter 人称 person

第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person

第三人称third person 时态 tense

过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future

continuous tense 一般现在时present simple tense 一般过去时 past simple tense 一般将来时future

simple tense

现在完成时 present perfect tense 过去完成时 past perfect tense

将来完成时 future perfect tense 现在进行时 present continuous

tense 过去进行时 past continuous tense

将来进行时 future continuous tense

过去将来进行时 past future continuous 语态 voice

主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice

语气 mood 陈述语气 indicative mood

祈使语气imperative mood 虚拟语气subjunctive mood

否定 negation 否定范围scope of negation

全部否定 full negation 局部否定 partial negation

转移否定 shift of negation 语序 order

自然语序 natural order 倒装语序 inversion

全部倒装 full inversion 部分倒装 partial inversion

直接引语direct speech 简介引语indirect speech

自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect

speech 一致 agreement

主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement

概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调 emphasis

重复repetition 语音pronunciation

语调tone 声调 rising tone

降调 falling tone 升降调falling-rising tone

文体 style 结构structure

层次 rank 正式文体formal

非正式文体informal 口语spoken/oral English

套语formulistic expression 用法usage

感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory

贬义 derogatory 幽默 humorous

讽刺 sarcastic