人教版九年级英语第八单元知识点复习总结

人教版九年级英语第八单元知识点复习总结
人教版九年级英语第八单元知识点复习总结

人教版九年级英语第八单元知识点总结

Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.

一.单词

whose truck pic nic rabbit atte nd valuable pink an ybody happe ning no ise policema n

wolf un easy laboratory outdoors coat sleepy land alie n run after suit express all

the same time circle Brita in mystery receive historia n leader midsummer medical

purpose prevent energy position burial honor ancestor victory enemy period hard-work ing

情态动词表推测:语气+时态

(一)情态动词表推测的三种语气

1. 在肯定句中一般用must( —定),may (可能),might / could (也许,或许)。

He must/may/might know the answer to this question? 他一定/ 可能/ 也许知道这个问题的答案。

2. 否定句中用can' t / couldn ' t(不可能),may not/might not( 可能不)。

It can ' t/couldn ' t be the headmaster. He has gone to America. 这不可能是校长,他去美国了。

3. 疑问句中用can/could ( 能..... ?)。

Could he have fi ni shed the task? 他可能把任务完成了吗?

(注:以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might, could并非may, can

的过去式,而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。

(二)情态动词表推测的三种时态

1. 对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词+动词原形”。

She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00 前她一定/ 可能/ 也许到。

2. 对现在或一般情况的推测,用“情态动词+ be ”,“情态动词+be doing ”或“情态动

词+动词原形”

(1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now.

(2)He can ' t ( couldn ' t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time.

(3)Mr. Bush is on time for everything. Howcan

( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ?布什先生一向准时,这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢?

3. 对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词+ have +过去分词”。

(1)It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.

(2)The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at

home .

门锁着,他不可能/可能不在家。

(3)Can / Could he have gotten the book ? 难道他找到书了吗?

总结:对某一次的推测句型有两部分:语气和时态

语气部分:(以下情态动词语气由强至弱)

肯定句:must、may、might (=could )

否定句:can' t ( =couldn ' t )、mayn' t、mightn ' t

疑问句:can、could (语气更加委婉不确定)

时态部分:

be表示对现在的推测

have done表示对过去的推测

be doing表示对正在进行的推测

语气部分写在前时态部分写在后,组合在一起就是推测

There be句型表推测

There+ 情态动词+ be/do sth

There+ 情态动词+ be doing sth

There+ 情态动词+ have done sth

二.l.atte nd/jo in/join in /take part in

1) join 有两个用法:

(1) 指加入某个党派,团体组织等,成为其成员之一,意为:“参军、入团、入党”等。如:

①When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的?

②She joi ned the Young Pio neers. 她加入了少先队。

⑵和某人一道做某事,其结构为:join sb. in (doing) sth. ,根据上下文,in (doing) sth.也可以省去。如:

①Will you join us in the discussio n? 你参加我们的讨论吗?

②He'll joi n us in si ngi ng the son g. 他将和我们一道唱歌。

③We're goi ng to the East Lake Park on Su nday. Will you join us?

我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗?

2) join in 多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。

①Come along, and join in the ball game. 快,来参加球赛。

②Why did n't you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈?

3) take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中

发挥作用。

①We'll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.

暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。

②We ofte n take part in physical labor. 我们经常参加体力劳动。

【注意】take part in 是惯用词组,part前一般不用冠词,但part前有形容词修饰时,

要用不定冠词。如:

① Lincoln took an active part in polities and was stron gly aga inst slavery. 林肯积极参加政治活动,强烈反对奴隶制。

4) atte nd 是正式用语,及物动词,指参加会议,婚礼,葬礼,典礼;去上课,上学,听报

告等。句子的主语只是去听,去看,自己不一定起积极作用。如:

①He'll atte nd an importa nt meeti ng tomorrow. 他明天要参加一个重要的会议。

②I atte nded his lecture. 我听了他的讲课。

2. value 相关

Value

名词

(1) 价值(不可数名词)

①His advice is of great value to me. 他的忠告对我很有价值。

(2) 益处,重要性(不可数名词)。

①In fact, sports and games can be of great value to people's health.

实际上,体育运动对人们的健康很有益处。

②We have already realized the value of good story books to childre n.

我们已经认识到好的故事书对孩子们的益处。

动词

①评价,尊重,重视

I value our frien dship very much. 我非常尊重我们的友谊。

valuable (宝贵的,有价值的)和in valuable (极宝贵的,极有价值的)并不是一对反义词,而是一对意义相近的词,后者比前者语气更强,相当于extremely valuable 。如:

It was a valuable (an in valuable) pai ntin g. 那是一幅很有(极有)价值的画。valuable (宝贵的,有价值的)与valueless (无价值的,没有用的)是一对反义词。如:

This jewellery is valueless; it is made of glass and ordi nary metals. 这首饰不值钱,它是由玻璃和普通金属做的。

注:valueless 和worthless 是同义词,均指"无价值的”、"不值钱的”。

3. happe n

a. 表示"某地(某时)发生了什么事",常用"sth.+ happen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达,此时主语应是事情。

The story happe ned in 2003. 这个故事发生在2003 年。

An accide nt happe ned in that street. 那条街上发生了一起事故。

b. 表示"某人出了某事(常指不好的事)",要用"sth.+ happen+to sb. ”这一结构来表达。

A car accide nt happe ned to her this morning. 今天上午她发生了交通事故。

What happe ned to you? 你怎么啦?

c. 表示"某人碰巧做某事”,要用" sb.+ happen+ to do sth. ”这一结构来表达。

I happe ned to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇

到了我的一个朋友。

d. happen表示"碰巧或恰巧发生某事”时,还可用" It happens / happened that... ”这

一结构来表达。

It happe ned that Bria n and Peter were at home that day. 碰巧那天布莱恩和彼得在

家了。

It happe ned that he had to take part in a meet ing that after noon. 碰巧那天下午

他不得不参加一个会议。

注:that从句中的主语是人时,此种结构可以与" sb.+ happen + to do sth. ”结构互换。

It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day. = Brian and Peter happened

to be at home that day.

4. no ise/so un d/voice

sou nd泛指任何声音,不论其高低、是否悦耳等。如:

I heard the sound of r unning water. 我听见流水声。

Light travels faster tha n sou nd. 光比声音传播得快。

noise表示“噪音、喧闹”,指的是人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声。它可以作可数名词,也可以用作不可数名词。如:

I heard some stra nge n oises last night. 昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。

There's a lot of n oise here. 这个地方人声嘈杂。

voice用于人时,指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音,也可指发言权。用于其它方面时,常含悦耳之声,如鸟鸣声,乐器声音等。如:

Please speak in a louder voice. 请大声说。

5. wolf

wife,k ni fe,wolf,life,half,shelf,leaf,thief

这些可数名词由单数变复数时都是变f/fe为v,加-es.

这样记:妻子拿小刀要了狼的命,把它劈成了半,放在架子上,用树叶盖好,却被小偷偷走了

6. suit /fit/match 均可表示“适合”。

1) fit “大小,尺寸”的适合:

The dress fitted her nicely. 这套裙子穿在她身上太合适了。

2) suit 指“颜色,图案”的适合:

The color of the new dress suits my mother very well. 这件新衣服的颜色很适合我

妈妈。

3) match指“和... 匹配,和.... 相称”:

Rose's clothes and hat don't match. 罗丝的衣服和帽子不协调。

7. receive/accept

receive通常指被动地“收到”或“接到”,而accept则指主动地“接受”。如:

She received his prese nt, but she did n't accept it. 她收到了他的礼物,但是没有接

受。

8. the purpose of doing sth

9. preve nt/stop/keep...from doing sth “阻止某人做某事”

在主动式中,stop sb.from doing sth. 禾口prevent sb.from doing sth. 中的介词from 可以省略,但keep sb.from doing sth. 中的介词from 不能省略(keep sb.doing sth. 意思为

让某人一直做某事).在被动式中三个词组中的from都不能省.

10. 归属的句子

问句:whose book is this?=whose is this book?=who does this book belong to?=Who

is the owner of this book?

回答:This is my book.=This book is mi ne.=This book bel ongs to me.=I am the_ow ner of this book.

This is Tom' s book.=This book is Tom' s.=This book belongs to Tom.=Tomis the owner of this book. bel ong to 意为“属于”,它一般不用于

进行时态和被动语态。如:

The hair band bel ongs to Anna. ( V)

The hair band is belonging to Anna. ( x )

The hair band is belonged to Anna. ( x )

此外,belong to sb. 通常可以和名词性物主代词或名词所有格(一般是’s所有格)互相

转换。

The blue jacket belongs to him / Jerry. The blue jacket is his / Jerry ' s. 11. what ' s wrong=what ' s up=what ' s the matter=what ' s the trouble=what ' s the

problem=what happe ned

12. Well, where did you last put it ?

last adv. 上次;最后一次

last除用于句末外,还常置于句子中间。

When I last saw her, she was working in Shanghai. 我上次见她时,她在上海工作。When did you see him last? 你最近见到他是什么时候

latest 最近的;最新的

13. remember to do/remember doing

remember to do 记得去做某事(未做)

remember doing记得做过某事(已做)

Remember to go to the post office after school.

记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seei ng the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

14. Pick up

1. 表示“拾起” ?“拿起” ?“捡起”(某物);“扶起”(某人)等意思。

He picked up the dict ionary at hand and bega n to look up the new word in it.

他拿起手边的词典开始查找这个生词。

2. 表示“中途搭载乘客”?“ (用车)来接人”等意思。

Wait here and I ' ll pick you up at two o ' clock. 在这儿等着,两点钟我来接你。

3. 表示“意外发现”;(指不是通过正规教育和指导)“学到” ?“掌握”;

(尤指偶然地)得到消息。例如:

While work ing in the factory, the stude nts picked up a great deal of in formati on

on mach in ery.

在工厂劳动期间,学生们学到了许多关于机械方面的知识。

4. 表示“收拾” ?“整理”等意思。例如:

The teacher told the stude nts to pick up everyth ing on the floor and get the room tidy before they went out.

老师告诉学生们在出去之前把地上的东西收拾起来,把房间整理干净。

15. Neighbor

n eighbor 令邻居指人

neighborhood 邻居指地区也可指附近地区的人

16. too; also; either

too “也”肯定句。句末。

also “也”肯定句。句中,be,情态动词后面,行为动词前。

either “也”否定句。句末。

She is a sin ger, too. 她也是个歌手。

He can also sing the En glish son g. 他也可以唱英文歌。

If you don't go to the park, he won't go there ,either. 女口果你不去公园,他也不去。

17. M aybe/may be

maybe是副词,意思是“也许、可能",在句中作状语,相当于perhaps,常位于句首。Maybe you put the letter in your pockets. 大概你把信放在衣袋里了。

在may be中,may是情态动词,be是动词原形,两者构成完整的谓语形式,与主语形成系表结构,意为“也许是、可能是”。

He may be a soldier. 他可能是军人。

maybe禾口may be可相互转换。

He may be in the office. = Maybe he is in the office. 他或许在办公室。

You may be right. = Maybe you are right. 你或许是对的。

18.Simply

adv.

简单地;简明地;简易地Say what you mean clearly and simply. 请简单扼要地说明你的意思。

朴素地;率直地My grandmother lived very simply. 我祖母生活非常简朴。

单单, 仅仅=only This drink consists simply of fresh oranges. 这种饮料仅含新鲜柑汁。

[加强语气]真正,的确;非常,极,简直,完全It is simply beautiful. 这个的确是美。

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