副航海英语习题讲解

2017航海英语复习三

Key word 10: Radar and ARPA（60）

A335. Radar makes it possible and much safer for us to sail __.

A. in dense fog

B. in boisterous weather

C. in the open sea

D. in rivers

【知识点】雷达的使用

【解析】主要作用：雾航

B380. Radar makes the most accurate determination of the __.

A. direction of a target

B. distance to a target

C. size of a target

D. shape of a target

【知识点】雷达的使用

【解析】雷达测距最准确。

相关题目

A382. Without doubt the radar is a highly important navigation aid. But duty officer shall aware that __when using it.

A. Its range reading is more accurate than its bearing reading

B. A low-lying coastline with a long, flat beach will show up properly on the radar.

C. Radar is only aimed at collision avoidance.

D. the use of radar is necessary only when visibility is restricted、

D527. Radar is not only to obtain ______, but also to measure their distance away from you.

A. brightness of objects

B. color of targets

C. shape of targets

D. bearing of objects

D361. Which statement concerning the operation of radar in fog is TURE

A. radar ranges are less accurate in fog

B. navigation buoys will always show up on radar

C. a sandy beach will show up clearer on radar than a rocky cliff

D. small wooden boats may not show up on radar

B327. The correct method of switching off a marine radar is to turn power switch to ____ position first, then to ______ position.

A. off / standby

B. standby / off

C. standby / close

D. close / standby

【知识点】雷达的使用

【解析】雷达关机步骤。

B606、As the radar antenna scans through ____ a rotation , it can be show where the target is relative to your position .

A. 60 degree

B. 360 degree

C. 180 degree

D. 90 degree

【知识点】雷达的使用

【解析】雷达天线。

A345. The radar control that reduces weak echoes out to a limited distance from the ship is the __

A. sensitivity time control ( sea-clutter control)

B. receiver gain control

C. brilliance control

D. fast time constant ( differentiator )

【知识点】雷达的使用（控钮）

【解析】近距离的杂波

相关题目

D346. The radar control that shortens all echoes on the display and reduces clutter caused by rain or snow is the ______.

A. sensitivity time control (sea clutter control)

B. receiver gain control

C. brilliance control

D. fast time constant (differentiator)

D372. ______is on the panel of radar.

INVERTER

A391. What is the purpose of VRM control

A. To measure distance accurately

B. To measure bearing accurately

C. To measure range and bearing

D. To adjust radar monitor

【知识点】雷达的使用

【解析】活动距标圈。

D557. SWEEP INT on radar panel is the abbreviation of______．

A．sweep introduction B．sweep interest C．sweep intention D．sweep intensity 【知识点】雷达的使用

【解析】扫描亮度

A605、When will you have to adjust gain

A. every time you change ranges

B. each watch

C. every day

D. every week

【知识点】雷达的使用

【解析】增益：每次改变量程后需重新调整。

D352. When hitting a solid object such as a ship or an airplane, the radar waves are reflected back ______ they came.

A. in the way

B. the way

C. by the way

D. through the path

【知识点】雷达的工作原理

【解析】雷达波路径

B360. Which general statement concerning radar is FALSE

A. raising the antenna height increases the radar range

B. the ability of radar to detect objects is unaffected by weather conditions

C. radar bearing are less accurate than radar range

D. radar should be checked regularly during clear weather to ensure that it is operating

properly

【知识点】雷达的工作原理

【解析】雷达探测物标的能力会受到天气的影响。

A348. The radio waves used for radar are very short，only ______ long．

A．a few centimeters B．a few fathoms C．a few meters D．a few feet

【知识点】雷达技术指标（波长）

【解析】航海雷达主要是3cm和10cm

C336. The 10-cm radar as compared to a 3-cm radar of similar specifications will ______.

A. be more suitable for river and harbor navigation

B. provide better range performance on low lying targets during good weather and calm seas

C. have a wider horizontal beam width

D. have more sea return during rough sea conditions

【知识点】雷达技术指标（波长）

【解析】1）最大作用距离：正常天气下，3cm雷达的大；雨雪天，10cm雷达的大。

2）距离分辨力和测距精度：波长短，脉冲前沿短，脉冲宽度短——3cm好。

3）方位分辨力和测方位精度：波长越短，波束宽度越窄——3cm好。

4）抗杂波能力：10cm好。

相关题目

D337. The 3-cm radar as compared to a 10-cm radar with similar specifications will ______.

A. give better range performance in rain, hail, etc.

B. display small targets in a mass of dense sea clutter at a greater range

C. have less sea return in choppy rough seas

D. display a more maplike presentation for inshore navigation

A364. Coral atolls, or a chain of islands at right angles to the radar beam, may show as a long line rather than as individual targets due to ______.

A. the effects of beam width

B. limitations on range resolution

C. the pulse length of the radar

D. the multiple-target resolution factor

【知识点】雷达技术指标（天线波束宽度）

【解析】天线水平波束宽度对方位分辨力的影响。

A 237. You are using radar in which your own ship is shown at the center, and the heading flash

always points to 00. If bearings are measured in relation to the flash, ___ bearing are produced.

A. relative

B. true

C. compass

D. a circle appearing on the scope surrounding the light

【知识点】雷达显示方式

【解析】首向上显示方式

B331. You have been observing your radar screen and notice that a contact on the screen has remained in the same position, relative to you, for several minutes. Your vessel is making

10 knots through the water. Which statement is TRUE

A. The contact is dead in the water

B. The contact is on the same course and speed as your vessel

C. The contact is on a reciprocal course at the same speed as your vessel

D. The radar is showing false echoes and is probably defective

【知识点】雷达显示方式

【解析】相对运动

相关题目

C374. A radar contact will remain stationary on a relative motion radar display only when it is ____.

A. on the same course as your vessel

B. at the same speed as your vessel

C. on the same course and speed as your vessel

D. on a reciprocal course at the same speed as your vessel

D363. You are underway at 5 knots and see on your radar a contact 10 miles directly astern of you. 12 minutes latter, the contact is 8 miles directly astern of you. What is the estimated speed of the contact

A. dead in the water

B. 1 knot

C. 10 knots

D. 15 knots

【知识点】雷达显示方式

【解析】相对运动：d=(V2-V1)t

C353. When using a radar in a unstabilized mode, fixes are determined most easily from ______.

A. center bearings

B. tangent bearings

C. ranges

D. objects that are close aboard

【知识点】雷达显示方式

【解析】不稳定显示方式——首向上，航向变，方位变。

B375. A radar display in which North is always at the top of the screen is a(n) ______.

A. unstabilized display

B. stabilized display

C. composition display

D. relative display

【知识点】雷达显示方式

【解析】北向上——稳定显示方式。

相关题目

C376. A radar display which is oriented,（标定方向） so that north is always at the top of the screen, is called a(n)__

A. relative display

B. composite display

C. stabilized display

D. unstabilized display

C392. What course should be fed into a stabilized radar picture

A. Compass course

B. Gyro course

C. True course

D. Course made good

【知识点】雷达显示方式

【解析】稳定显示方式：使用航向为真航向。

A529. Your radar is set on a true motion display. Which of the following will NOT appear to move across the PPI scope

A. Echoes from a buoy

B. Own ship's marker

C. Echo from a ship on the same course at the same speed

D. Echo from a ship on a reciprocal course at the same speed

【知识点】真运动

【解析】真运动模式

A339. When the system determines that a collision situation exists, the target causing the alarm condition are identified on {PPI} by a bright T adjacent thereto.

A. plan position indicator

B. plane position indicator

C. policy proof of interest

D. policy proof of interest

【知识点】雷达显示

【解析】平面位置显示器

相关题目

B377. A radar range to a small, charted object such as a light will provide a line of position in which form

A. Straight line

B. Arc

C. Parabola

D. Hyperbola

【知识点】雷达测距

【解析】距离位置线

C330. A navigator fixing a vessel’s position by radar ______.

A. should never use radar bearings

B. should only use radar bearings when the range exceeds the distance to the horizon

C. can use radar information from one object to fix the position

D. must use information from targets forward of beam

【知识点】雷达定位

【解析】雷达定位方法。

相关题目

B342. The common way to obtain your ship’s position is ______.

A. keeping a close watch and lookout

B. taking a radar range and bearing

C. observing a radar target and listening to signals

D. keeping a well clear caution C356. When using the radar for navigating____.

A. The best fix is obtained by using a tangent bearing and a range.

B. And using two radar ranges for a fix, the objects of the ranges should be closed to

reciprocal bearings.

C. And using ranges, the most rapidly changing range should be measured last.

D. And crossing a radar range of one object with the visual bearing of a second object,

the two objects should be 80° to 110° apart.

【解析】测距定位时，距离变化快的后测。

A341. In radar plotting is the abbreviation of ______.

A. closest point to approach

B. close point to approach

C. crossing point to approach

D. fog or steady rain

【知识点】雷达标绘

【解析】CPA

C340. The closest point of approach ( CPA ) of a contact on a relative motion radar may be determined ____.

A. immediately when the contact is noted on radar

B. only if the radar scope is watched constantly

C. after the contact has been marked at least twice

D. by an occasional glance at the radar

【知识点】雷达标绘

【解析】CPA的标绘方法：固定的时间间隔确定两个以上位置，连线即得相对运动线。

相关题目

A394. How does current and drift effect the relative motion, relative vector presentation

A. No effect

B. Producing small errors in calculated aspect

C. Producing large errors in calculated aspect

D. Produce errors in calculated CPA / TCPA

B395. Does current and drift effect the CPA / TCPA calculations on a true motion display

A. Yes

B. No

C. Only a little bit

D. Yes, very seriously

B381. An indirect radar echo is caused by a reflection of the main lobe of the radar beam off the observer’s vessel. Which of the following is not a characteristic of indirect echoes

A. Their bearing is almost constant, even when the true bearing of the contact changes

appreciably

B. They always appear on a bearing of 90 degrees from the true bearing of the contact

C. The indirect echoes usually appear in shadow sectors

D. When plotted, their movements are usually abnormal

【知识点】假回波

【解析】间接反射假回波：雷达波经烟囱、大桅等间接反射到目标，目标回波经原路线回到天线形成。

特点：在阴影区内，一般方位不变。

A549. You have another ship overtaking you close aboard to starboard. You have 3 radar targets bearing 090° relative at ranges of mile，1 mile，and miles. In this case，the unwanted echoes are called ____.

A. multiple echoes

B. spoking

C. indirect echoes

D. side-lobe echoes

【知识点】假回波

【解析】多次反射假回波：等间距，强度逐渐减弱。

A359. Which condition indicates that your radar needs maintenance

A. Serrated range rings

B. Indirect echoes

C. Multiple echoes

D. Blind sector

【知识点】雷达故障

【解析】固定距标圈呈现锯齿状时，雷达需要维修。

B543. Radar beacons are transmitters designed to produc e a __ on the screens of ship’s radar sets.

A. incorrect image

B. distinctive image

C. pictorial image

D. pictographic image

【解析】雷达信标在雷达屏幕上产生独特的图像。

D 236. You are approaching a light fitted with a RACON. The light may be identified on the

radar by___.

A. a dashed line running from the center of the scope to the light

B. an audible signal when the sweep crosses the light

C. a circle appearing on the scope surrounding the light

D. a coded signal appearing on the same bearing at a greater range than the light

【知识点】雷达信标

【解析】雷达信标在雷达上的图像。

相关题目

A362. You are scanning the radar screen for a buoy fitted with Racon. How should this signal appear on the PPI display

A. starting with a dash and extending rapidly outward from the target

B. as a broken line from center of PPI to the target

C. starting with a dot and extending rapidly inward from the target

D. starting with a dash and extending to the right of the target

A332. It may be found that, in certain circumstances, Rader Beacon can cause unwanted interference particularly ______.

A. at close range end on situation C. at head on situation D. at crossing situation

【知识点】雷达信标

【解析】近距离可能导致干扰杂波。

相关题目

A554. It may be found that, in certain circumstances, Rader Beacon emissions can cause ____ with the normal radar display, particularly at close range.

A. unwanted interference

B. unexpected figures

C. abnormal data

D. unwanted information D384. What does a Racon help with

A. Measuring the distance

B. Measuring the relative speed

C. Identifying a vessel

D. Identifying a seamark

C387. What is a coded racon

A. A racon which automatically activate itself

B. A racon only working at night

C. A racon which display a morse code on the radar screen

D. A future racon expected to be operational after Y2000

A385. How is an uncoded Racon displayed on the PPI

A. As a line

B. As a dot

C. As small circle

D. As a large circle

A386. What type of radar can activate a Racon

A. X-band radar

B. S-band radar

C. C-band radar

D. No radar can

D540. In order to insure that the racon signal is visible on your 3 cm radar, the ______.

A. 10 cm radar should be placed on standby or turned off

B. gain control should be turned to maximum

C. radar should be stabilized, head up

D. rain clutter control should be off but, if necessary, may be on low

B344. The fitting of an efficient radar reflector is likely to considerably increase the ship’s probability of ____.

A. detection

B. being detected

C. the detective

D. the detected

【解析】提高被探测到的可能性。

相关题目

D388. What is the purpose of the radar reflector

A. Making objects less visible

B. Making echoes weaker on the radar

C. Making large echoes smaller

D. Making small objects better visible

B393. What is the correct speed input to an ARPA used for traffic surveillance

A. Ground speed

B. Speed through water

C. Speed from GPS

D. Speed from Doppler

【知识点】ARPA工作原理

【解析】交通监管用的ARPA应输入对水速度。

D338. The ARPA may swap targets when automatically tracking if two targets ______

A. are tracked on reciprocal bearings

B. are tracked at the same range

C. are tracked on the same bearing

D. pass close together

【知识点】ARPA自动跟踪存在的问题

【解析】自动跟踪时，如果两个目标相邻太近，ARPA可能会发生目标调换（误跟踪）。

两个或两个以上目标落入同一个波门而引起跟踪错误的现象

B350. What is T RUE of the history display of a target’s past positions on a ARPA

A. It provides a graphic display to emphasize which vessel is on a collision course.

B. In the true presentation, it provides a quick visual check to determine if a vessel

has changed course.

C. The display is one of the primary inputs and must be in use when using the trial maneuver

capability.

D. It provides a graphic display of a target vessel’s relative course, speed, and CPA.

【知识点】ARPA的尾迹

【解析】尾迹主要是能快速发现来船的是否存在机动。

C351. What will cause the ARPA to emit a visual alarm, audible alarm, or both

A. An acquired target entering into a guard zone

B. A tracked target lost for one radar scan

C. A tracked target entering your preset CPA-TCPA limits

D. A target being initially detected within a guard zone

【知识点】ARPA报警

【解析】跟踪的目标的参数小于预设的CPA-TCPA时会发生报警。

B354. When using an ARPA, what should you consider in order to evaluate（评估，评价） the information displayed

A. The target vessel’s generated course and speed are based solely on radar inputs.

B. Navigational constraints （限制，约束）may require a target vessel to change course.

C. The trial maneuver feature will automatically determine a course that will clear all target.

D You cannot determine if a small target has been lost due to sea return.

【知识点】ARPA的使用

【解析】航海的限制要求可能要求目标船改向。

B358. Which ARPA data should you use in order to determine if a close quarters situation will develop with a target vessel

A. Set and drift of the current

B. Relative track information

C. Predicted time of CPA

D. Initial range of acquisition

【知识点】ARPA的使用

【解析】判断是否会形成紧迫局面的ARPA参数是相对运动线的信息。

A538. Your ARPA has been tracking a target and has generated the targets course and speed．The radar did not receive a target echo on its last two scans due to the weather．What should you expect under these circumstances

A．The ARPA will generate data as if the target was still being tracked by radar

B．The ARPA will give an audible and/or visual lost target alarm

C．The ARPA will generate data based on sea return echoes from the vicinity where the target was lost

D．The ARPA has lost all memory of the target and must recompute the target data

【知识点】ARPA的使用

【解析】连续三次未扫描到会发生目标丢失。

D544. Your ARPA has automatic speed inputs from the log. Due to currents, the log is indicating

a faster speed than the speed over the ground. What should you expect under these

circumstances

A. The generated CPA will be less than the actual CPA.

B. The generated TCPA will be later than the actual TCPA.

C. The range of initial target acquisition will be less than normal

D. The targets true course vector will be in error

【知识点】ARPA的使用

【解析】ARPA的输入速度错误，将会导致目标船的矢量计算错误。

Key word 11:GPS（9）

C493. The GPS satellite orbits the earth in approximately ______.

hours hours hours hours

【知识点】GPS卫星

【解析】轨道运行周期约12小时

准确的时间为下面：

C618、The orbital period is one-half a sidereal day, ____.

A. 12 hours

B. 8 hours

C. 11 hours and 58 minutes

D. 12 hours and 2 minutes

D494. Regarding the use of GPS, which one of the followings is incorrect

A. GPS is the most accurate global system today

B. Its use is still under the . Department of Defence’s control

C. DGPS is more accurate than GPS

D. GPS can provide a real-time position under any condition

【知识点】GPS

【解析】real-time position 实时船位

C485. Which statement about satellite navigation is TRUE

A. While a fix can be generated by signals received from two satellites, three satellites

are necessary for reliable accuracy.（三星二维定位、四星三维定位）

B. The satellites are in equatorial orbits around the earth about 60°of longitude apart （平均分布于6个轨道，轨道的升交点赤经各相差60度）

C. The satellite navigation system determines a fix by measuring the Doppler shift of the

radio signals from the satellite

D. The ship’s receiver cannot begin processing data until the antenna locks onto the

satellite and starts continuous tracking

【知识点】GPS

【解析】关于GPS的描述正确的是：采用测量卫星的无线电信号多普勒频移来定位。

C499. If ______ is shut down for an extended time, optimum position fixing will take up to

2 hours after power is reapplied.

A. radar

B. DF

C. Satellite Navigator

D. Automatic Omega Navigator

【知识点】GPS冷启动

【解析】GPS长时间关机，重新开机后最佳定位时间在2小时后。

C553. Most GPS receivers use the Doppler shift of the carrier phase to compute .

A. latitude

B. longitude

C. speed

D. time

【知识点】GPS

【解析】多数GPS接收机使用载波相位的多普勒频移技术来计算速度。

C569. Which statement concerning GPS is TRUE

A. It cannot be used in all parts of the world.

B. There are 12 functioning GPS satellites at present.

C. It may be suspended without warning.

D. Two position lines are used to give a 2D fix.

【知识点】GPS的使用

【解析】GPS可以随时中止提供服务。

A497. What is the main purpose of DGPS

A. Improve positioning accuracy

B. Decrease positioning accuracy

C. Reduce operational cost don’t know

【知识点】DGPS

【解析】DGPS的主要作用是提高定位精度。

相同题目

B620、A technique referred to as ____ allows users to obtain maximum accuracy from the GPS system.

A. AIS

B. DGPS

C. ARPA

D. RBS

Key word 12:AIS and VDR（13）

A503、automatically provides the ship’s nautical officers with important information about nearby vessels or other relevant objects within VHF rang.

A. AIS

B. ECDIS

C. GPS

D. VDR

【知识点】AIS的作用

【解析】AIS自动地提供给船舶驾驶员在VHF有效距离内的船舶或其他目标的重要信息。、

相同题目

A520. The AIS transponder is designed to transmit information.

A. automatically

B. semi- automatically

C. manually

D. AIS is not transmitting at all

A504. The______ transmits own ship data cyclically via two defined VHF channels and receives the same data of the other ships and objects that are equipped with AIS systems.

A. AIS

B. ECDIS

C. GPS

D. VDR

【知识点】AIS的作用

【解析】AIS通过两个预设的VHF频道循环地发送本船信息，并且接收装有AIS的其他船舶和目标的同样的信息。

is important to remember when using AIS for collision avoidance

A .AIS may not give a complete picture of the traffic situation

B. AIS is more accurate than ARPA

C. AIS is not as accurate as ARPA

D. AIS is not allowed to be used for collision avoidance

【知识点】AIS的使用

【解析】AIS用于避碰时需要记住：AIS不能以画面的方式显示附近交通情况。

C518. In case of AIS overload, what can you expect

A. AIS will shut down

B. AIS will “freeze”

C. Targets far away drop out

D. Close targets drop out

【知识点】AIS的容量

【解析】如果AIS信息容量过载，则自动过滤远距离目标。

相关题目

much can the AIS broadcast mode be overloaded without any significant operational effect %~100% %~300% %~500% D. no overload is accepted

C519. Which of the following is defined as static information

A .Navigational status B. safety related messages C. MMSI D. Route plan

【知识点】AIS静态信息

【解析】静态信息包括：IMO编号，船名与呼号，船长与宽度，船型，定位天线在船上的位置。

MMSI：Maritime Mobile Service Identity 海事移动业务识别码

A564. Automatic identification system (AIS) are expected to broadcast all of the following information except .

A. port of origin

B. name of vessel

C. course and speed over ground

D. draft of vessel

【知识点】AIS提供的信息

【解析】不能提供始发港。

相同题目

C565. Automatic identification systems(AIS) are expected to broadcast all of the following information EXCEPT______.

A: navigation status B: ship’s heading C:port of origin D: time stamp

B500. Estimated time of arrival at destination of vessel can be broadcast by ____

A. GPS

B. AIS

C. ECDIS

D. VDR

B502. MMSI number of vessel is broadcast every 6 minutes by ____.

A. GPS

B. AIS

C. ECDIS

D. VDR

B623、Which one of the following is not the information requested by automated AIS stations

A. identification

B. name of the master

C. destination

D. type of the cargo

D515. will ensure that a true account of what occurred in an accident can be obtained that appropriate recommendations are made and important lessons can be learned.

A . AIS B. ECDIS C. GPS D. VDR

【知识点】VDR

【解析】VDR能够确保获得事故发生的真实情况，从中获得相应的建议和重要的教训。

Key word 13: ECDIS （6）

B475. What dose ECDIS stand for

A. Electrical Chart Display and Indication System

B. Electronic Chart Display and Information System

C. Electrical Chart Display and Informing System

D. Electronic Chart Display and Indicating System

【知识点】ECDIS

【解析】缩写

D468. When own ship’s position is wrongly input into ECDIS, what is the result

A. Nothing

will give warning

will automatically be switched off

D. Position, range and bearing taken on the ECDIS will be wrong

【知识点】ECDIS

【解析】ECDIS中本船位置输入错误，则从ECDIS上测量的位置、距离和方位将是错的。

B470. ECDIS must be able to perform all of the following EXCEPT_______.

A. determine true bearing and distance between two geographical points

B. determine magnetic compass deviation

C. transform a local datum to the WGS-84 datum

D. convert “graphical coordinates” to “display coordinates”

【知识点】ECDIS功能

【解析】不能测定磁罗经的自差。

C467. _____ is not an alarm required by IMO standards to be available on the ECDIS.

A. Deviating from a planned route

B. Approach to waypoints and other critical points

C. Light house detecting

D. Larger scale chart available

【知识点】ECDIS报警

【解析】偏离计划航向报警、临近航路点或其他临界点报警、有较大比例尺海图可用报警。

D471. ECDIS will not give an alarm for which of the following case

A. If the ship is going to reach a critical point on the planned route

B. When the speed of a dangerous target exceeds a set limit

C. If the ship’s ETA has changed beyond the set limit

D. If the displacement is changed

【知识点】ECDIS报警

【解析】船舶排水量发生变化时不会报警。

A476. What does a navigator who uses an ECDIS require

A. Good navigational knowledge and a professional job attitude

B. Good computer knowledge

C. Good system knowledge

D. Nothing spec

【知识点】ECDIS的使用

【解析】很无聊