初中及高中英语易混词汇辨析1
疑问词+ever与no matter+疑问词的异同
在英语名词性从句的学习过程中，我们经常会遇到疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句，老师也告诫我们说他们的含义和no matter+疑问词所表示的含义是一样的，都表示“无论……”，但是两者究竟有什么区别呢？是不是在所有的情况下两者都可以通用呢？今天我们就一起来研究下吧。
疑问词+ever包括疑问代词+ever和疑问副词+ever。
①疑问代词：whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever
②疑问副词：whenever, wherever, however
（1）疑问词+ever与no matter+疑问词引导从句时的区别
1、疑问词+ever引导名词性从句，不可以与no matter+疑问词互换使用。
例：
Whoever comes to the party will receive a gift.
来参加晚会的人都会收到一份礼物。
分析：
Whoever意为“无论是谁”，引导名词性从句时，不可以与no matterwho互换。
2、引导让步状语从句，可以与no matter+疑问词互换使用。
例：
The quality will be the same, whichever（=no matter which）of them you choose.
它们当中无论你选哪一个，品质都一样。
分析：
Whichever意为“无论哪一个”，引导让步状语从句时，可以与no matter which互换。
归纳：
简单说来：疑问句+ever可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，但是No matter+疑问词只可以引导让步状语从句，也就说说前者适用的范围比后者大。所以选项中两者都有的情况下，我们尽量选择使用范围较广的疑问词+ever，答对的可能性较大。
（2）疑问词+ever引导名词性从句时注意事项
Whatever我们知道相当于No matter what，但是在引导名词性从句时相当于anything that,我们来分析以下的例句。例：
Whatever he did was right.
=Anything (that he did ) was right.（正确）
Anything he did was right. (错误)
他无论做什么都是争取的。
分析：
Whatever意为“无论是什么”，相当于anything that，anything是题干中的主语，同时充当先行词，后面that
为定语从句中的引导词，that在定语从句中充当主语成分，并且不能省略。
（3）whoever同样在引导名词性从句时相当于anyone who的含义。
例：
Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine.
=Anyone (who breaks this law) deserves a fine.（正确）
Anyone breaks this law deserves a fine. (错误)
违反本法者应予以罚款。
分析：
Whoever意为“无论是谁”，相当于anyone who，anyone是题干中的主语，同时充当先行词，后面who为定语从句中的引导词，who在定语从句中充当主语，不能省略。
（4）whichever在引导名词性从句时相当于the person or the thing that,此处就不详细讲述了。
fast, quickly, soon用法辨析
fast, quickly. soon在中文中都可以翻译成“快”，但含义各不相同，在使用中需多加注意，以免误用。
单词词性解释总结
fast 形容词；
副词
指运动中的人或物动作
本身的速度快
自身速度快
quickly 副词指在较短时间内就发生
或完成
做事动作快soon 副词指不久就发生某个动作
或状况
所花时间短
◇课本例句：
I want to play basketball, but I cannot run fast. (7A 60)
He can learn things quickly. (7B 89)
We look forward to hearing from you soon. (7B 89)
Justin and Paul jump out of the van and run away quickly. (7B 44)
◇词典例句：
The crops are growing fast. 庄稼正长得很快。
She speaks very fast. 她说得很快。
They quickly finished the supper. 他们匆匆吃了晚饭。
He will be back soon. 他不久就会回来。
A train is much faster than a bus. 火车比公共汽车快得多。
He is fast enough to catch the early bus. 他走得快，能赶上早班车。
相关练习：
1. Kids grow up so _______ these days.
2. The car was going pretty _________ when it went off the road.
3. Don’t eat too _________.
4. He speaks ________.
5. Come here ________!
6. It will be getting dark ________.
7. Something has to be done about this _________.
8. We drove as ________ as we could to the hospital.
9. I can’t run very ________.
10. We ________ realized how difficult the job was going to be.
11. How _______ can you finish the report?
12. I’ll come over to your place as _______ as I can.
13. She went ________ out of the room.
14. We have to work _________.
15. We got there as _______ as we could.
16. Can’t you run any ________ than that?
17. He’ll be here very ________.
18. My watch is three minutes _______.
Keys:
1. Kids grow up so fast these days.
2. The car was going pretty fast when it went off the road.
3. Don’t eat too quickly.
4. He speaks fast.
5. Come here quickly!
6. It will be getting dark soon.
7. Something has to be done about this quickly.
8. We drove as fast as we could to the hospital.
9. I can’t run very fast.
10. We soon realized how difficult the job was going to be.
11. How soon can you finish the report?
12. I’ll come over to your place as soon as I can.
13. She went quickly out of the room.
14. We have to work quickly.
15. We got there as fast as we could.
16. Can’t you run any faster than that?
17. He’ll be here very soon.
18. My watch is three minutes fast.
Order的用法以及与book的区别
一、名词order作“顺序”、“次序”、“整齐”、“秩序”解：
1. The machine is in good working order. 机器运转良好。
2. The four seasons follow in order. 四个季节依次轮换。
3. Our laboratory is kept in good order. 我们的实验室保持整齐。
（句中in good order为主语补语。）
4. In case the device is out of order, you have to repair it at once.
如果该装置发生故障，你就得马上修理。
5. N2, H2 and He, in the order named, are more difficult to liquefy than air.
N2，H2和He比空气难于液化的程度按其顺序依次递增。
6. A list of some of the common metals in the order of their activity is given below.
下面列出了某些金属按其活泼顺序排列的一个表格。
二、名词order作“订货”、“订货单”、“数量级或范围”、“命令”解：
1. The factory has received an order for 2,000 machine tools.
工厂受到了一张要买2,000 台机床的订货单。
2. These machines are made to order. 这些机器是定做的。
（to order指按照订货要求的样式而言。）
3. The average diameter of an atomic nucleus is of the order 10 or 10 centimeter.
原子核平均直径在10（10的负12次方）或10（10的负13次方）厘米范围内。
4. Maximum signal currents are of the order of 50 ma.
最大信号电流是在50毫安这个数量级。
5. He gave orders for the work to be started.
(=…orders that the work should be started.)他下令开始工作。
三、用“in order+带to的不定式”表示目的状语：
1. W e are working hard (in order) to build socialism in China.
我们正在为中国建设社会主义而努力工作。
2. In order to measure the resistance of a conductor, it is necessary to have some fixed standard.
为了测量导体的电阻，就要有某种固定的标准。
3. They took off their shoes upon (on) entering, in order not to soil the mats.
他们进来时都脱鞋，免得弄脏地毯。
4. In order to adjust the level, we may screw the bolt up or down. 我们上下拧动螺钉以调节该水平仪。
注1：有时可省略in order，而直接用不定式表示目的状语：
We have produced a lot of tractors (in order) to meet the needs of our agriculture.
我们生产了许多拖拉机以满足我们农业的需要。
(In order) T o understand these uses, you must know some of the properties of oxygen.
要了解这些用途，你必须知道氧的某些性质。
注2：注意in order后面出现不定式的逻辑主义for…的情况：
In order for two forces to neutralize each other, they must act on the same object.
为了使两个力互相抵消，它们必须作用于同一物体上。
注3：若用“on purpose+不定式”代替“in order +不定式”，则前者含有特地、故意意味而使目的的状语语气加强。例如：
She has left this tool on purpose for you to use.
她有意把这个工具留在这里让出使用。
四、用“in order that”引导目的从句：
1. What is needed in order that electrical charges may moves?
需要什么才能使电荷运动呢？
2. In order that work can be done, in scientific sense, a force must move an object through some distance.
就科学意义来说，为了做功，力必须推动物体通过一定距离。
3. Y ou must knock down the machines before shipping in order that they shall arrive in good shape.
你们必须在装运前拆卸这些机器以使他们完整无损到达。
4. The old worker, in order that there might be no time lost, oiled the machines himself.
为节省时间，老工人亲自给机器上油。
注：在in order that引出的目的状语从句内，常用情态动词may，might，can，could，shall等。当目的的状语从句在句末时，还常可用so that或to the end that代替in order that。
五、动词order作“定制”、“订购”、“命令”解：
1. They have ordered 1,000 oil pumps from our factory.
他们已向我厂订购1,000台油泵。
2. The doctor ordered him to stay there.医生嘱咐他留在那里。
（不定式短语to stay there作宾语补语）
order与book的区别
1.book预订，往往用于“订座、订票”在电影院、剧院、车站等处订票、座。
I have booked two tickets to New Y ork.
我订了两张去纽约的票。
2.order 指定购，向商店定购肥料，定制衣服、饭店定饭。
order a suit 定制一套衣服
典型例句：
He ordered his staff to order 100 books and put them in order of size.
rob 与steal
1. 从意思上看：rob 指公开地“抢”、“夺”(通常使用暴力)；
而steal 则指在人们不防备或不在场的情况下悄悄地“偷”。
2. 从结构上看，两句所使用的句型完全不同：
rob＋被抢的人或地方＋of＋被抢的东西
steal＋被偷走的东西＋from＋某人或某地
They robbed the bank of a lot of money. 他们从银行抢了很多钱。
They stole a lot of money from the bank. 他们从银行偷了很多钱。
Their ship was robbed. 他们船上的东西都被抢走了。
Their ship was stolen 他们的船被偷走了。
另：rob --- robbed ---robbed
steal ----stole --- stolen
as long as 与only if的用法区别
一、基本用法的差别
1. as long as 有两个意思，
一是用于本义，意为“与……一样长(久)”，在否定句中，也可说成(not) so long as；
二是用于引申义，表示“只要”，用于此义时也可说成so long as(不管是肯定句、否定句还是疑问句)。如：
This river is as long as that one.
这条河与那条河一条长。
He lived abroad as long as five y ears.
他住在国外长达五年之久。
He didn’t stay there as [so] long as she.
他在那儿住得不如她久。
As long as it doesn’t rain we can go.
只要不下雨，我们就可以去。
As [So] long as you need me, I’ll stay.
只要你需要我，我就留下。
2. only if 可视为if 的加强说法，即其中的only 是修饰if 从句的，其意为“只有在……条件下”。如：
I’ll tell you, but only if you don’t tell anyone else.
我可以告诉你，但条件是你不能告诉其他任何人。
I’ll accept the bill only if you send it to my home address.
你必须把账单送到我住的地方，我才愿意偿付。。
二、语气上的差别从语气上看，only if 的语气要比as long as 强，as long as 通常只是用于提出一个条件，与if 的意思比较接近；而only if 引出的从句内容则通常暗示它是主句内容的唯一条件，含有“只有……才……”“只有在……的时候”“……唯一的条件是……”之意。
比较：
As long as you do your best, we’ll be happy.
只要你尽力，我们就满意了。
You can borrow the book as long as you keep it clean.
只要你不把书弄脏，这书你就可以借。
We can succeed only if everyone in the team pulls his weight.
我们全队只有人人各尽所能才能取得成功。
The coach stops at the principal hotels to pick up tourists, but only if they arrange this in advance.
大客车到各主要的旅馆来接观光者，但条件是必须事先安排好。
三、动词搭配上的差别在许多情况下，as long as 与only if 均可用，只是语气有强弱之分。但是，当主句和从句的谓语动词均为短暂性动词时，通常只用only if，而不用as long as。如：
你只有请他，他才会来。
误：He will come as long as you ask him.
正：He will come only if you ask him.
析：此句中的only if 不能用as long as 代替，因为动词ask 与come 均短暂性动词。
四、词序上的差别两者均可引导从句置于主句之后，也可置于主句之前。但是，当only if 引导的状语从句置于主句之前时，其后的主句要用倒装语序，而且as long as 引导的从句置于主句之前不用倒装。如：
As long as it doesn’t rain we can play.
只要不下雨，我们就能玩。
As long as you’re happy, it doesn’t matter what you do.
只要你高兴，你做什么都没关系。
Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room.
只有得到教师的允许，学生才可以进这间屋。
Only if the red light comes on is there any danger to employees.
只要红灯一亮，就表示有危及职工的险情。
五、注意only if 与if only 的差别only if 意为“只要”，可视为if 的加强说法。而if only 有两个意思，一是表示“只要”，此时通常与陈述语气连用，与only if 用法相似；二是表示“但愿”“要是……就好了”，此时多与虚拟语气连用。如：
I will come only if you promise not to invite Mary.
只要你答应不请玛丽，我就来。
If only it clears up, we’ll go. 只要天晴，我们就去。
If only I was rich. 要是我很有钱就好了。
If only I hadn’t told him about it. 要是我没有告诉他这事就好了。
It’s a good plan, if only we could carry it out.
那是个不错的计划，但愿我们能实现它。
Call in Call in 作"请来"、"找来"、"召来"解，"请人来作某种专业的咨询或帮忙"的意思。如：
Your father is ill, you should call in a doctor at once.你父亲病了，应该马上去请个大夫来。
The police have been called in to help make it clear.
已请来了警察帮忙把这件事弄清楚。
Call on和call at的意思一样，都是"拜访""访问"，但call on后接表示人的名词或代词，call at 后接表示地点或场所的词语。试比较：
I called on the Smiths yesterday.
我昨天拜访了史密斯一家人。
I called at the Smith's yesterday.
我昨天去了史密斯家。
I called on the doctor yesterday.
我昨天去拜访了医生。
I called at the doctor's yesterday.
我昨天去了医务室。
另外，call on还可以"号召"，后面往往接动词不定式作宾语补主语。如：
The headmaster called on the students to work harder.校长号召学生们更努力地学习。
Call for 有几个不同的意思：
1．作"要求"、"需要"、"提倡"解。如：
Success calls for hard work.
成功要靠勤奋。
People are calling for the freedom of all slaves.人们要求解放所有奴隶。
The work calls for a lot of time.
这项工作需要大量时间。
2．表示"接（某人）"、"来取（某物）"。如：
I'll call for you at sever this evening.
今晚七点我来接你。
We call for the package at the post office.我们到邮局去取包裹。
3．表示"喊着要人取来"，相当于ask for。如：
The man sat down and called for a glass of beer.
那人坐下来，要了一杯啤酒。
Call up是"打电话"之意，相当于ring up或telephone或phone。如：
I'll call you up tomorrow.
我明天给你打电话。
另外，call up 还有"回想起"之意。如：
Your letter called up the days when we worked together.你的信使我回想起我们一同工作的日子
work on /work at
work on 表示“从事”、“创作”、“进行”，后面接名词、代词或V－ing，强调做具体的事；还可表示“继续工作”、“努力说服”，既可作及物动词短语用，又可作不及物动词短语用。例如：
Miss Liu is working on a new book．
刘老师正在写一部新书。
We'll work on till midnight．
我们将继续工作到午夜。
work at表示“致力于”、“从事于”、“研究”、“学习”，后面接名词、代词或V－ing，强调把时间和精力等用在某一方面的事情上，侧重于说明所从事的工作性质。例如：
Mr.Zhang is working at a new invention．
张先生正从事于一项新的发明。
He has worked at this subject for many years．
他研究这门学科已经好多年了。
at ．．．speed ／with ．．．speed
◆at．．．speed／with．．．speed
◇at the speed of或者at．．．speed，意为“以……的速度”。而当speed被all, lightning, great等修饰时，介词应用with。我们可用一句口诀来帮助记忆：
都（all）以闪电般（lightning）大（great）的速度行驶。如：
Our car was running with all speed on the expressway．
我们的车在高速公路上全速行驶。
The Long March No．2 Rocket sent up the satellite into space at the speed of 11．2 kilometers per second．
长征二号火箭以每秒钟11．2公里的速度将卫星发射到太空。
c关于can't help do sth, can't help but do与can't help doing sth有很多同学搞不清楚，现作一个讲
解，以期为莘莘学子拨开云雾，解除心中的疑惑。
①.can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事；情不自禁做某事. 其中，help 有“克制、抑制”的意思，意思是：不能克制住做某件事，即“情不自禁”。例如：
She couldn't help crying when she saw her mother.
当她看到母亲的时候，禁不住哭了起来。
Having a lot of doubt, he can not help asking them question.
因为他有些疑问，他禁不住向他们提问。
Hearing at this story, I can't help myself weeping.
听到这件事，我情不自禁地哭了。
She couldn’t help smiling. 她禁不住笑了起来。
She couldn’t help envying Helen. 她不由得不妒忌海伦。
We cannot help being impressed by their kindness.
我们不由得不被他们的善良感动。
②.can't help to do sth 不能帮助做某事，换句话说就是help to do sth的否定句.
I can't help to do it. 我不能帮忙做这事。
I can't help you (to) finish your homework. 我不能帮你做作业.
He couldn't help to wash the clothes. 我不能帮忙洗衣服。
But one hundred and ninety is their final bid. I can not help it.
但190美元是他们的最终出价，我也不能做什么。(意为：没有办法)
③. can't help but do= have to do sth <省略to 的不定式> ，不得不做某事
(其中，but 是介词，意为“除了这件事之外”)。
I could not but tell him about it. 我不得不告诉他这事。
She could not help but leave there. 她只好离开那里。
He couldn't help but realize that he was wrong.他不得不承认自己错了。
I cannot help but be sorry. 我不能不感到遗憾。
I can not help think the same. 我不禁也有同样的想法。
④.have no choice but to do 只能做某事
☆学以致用
1. He knows nothing about it, so he can't help _________ any of your work.
A. doing
B. to do
C. being doing
D. to be done
2. She can't help _________ the house because she's busy making a cake.
A. cleaning
B. being cleaned
C. cleaned
D. to clean
3. While shopping, people sometimes can't help _________ into buying something they don't really need.
A. to persuade
B. persuading
C. being persuaded
D. be persuaded
4. She can't help _________ the house because she's busy making a cake.
A. to clean
B. cleaning
C. cleaned
D. being cleaned
5. When a friend invited me to the party, I _________.
A. couldn't help but go
B. couldn't help but going
C. can't help but go
D. can't help but going
答案解析：
1.B.
2.D.
3. 此题应选C，句中的can’t help 意为“禁不住”（注意根据句意用被动形式）。
4.A.
5.A. 解析:本题考查固定搭配，句意是：当朋友邀请我参加聚会时，我不得不去。
can’t help but do sth “不得不做某事”。答案为A。.
an't help 家族
what they could do 还是what they could to do
有这样一道题，我们先来看看：
The soldiers tried their best and did what they could_________ against the flood.
A. fight
B. to fight
C. fighting
D. fought
【分析】有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词could 就断定此处应填动词原形fight，即断定选A答案。其实选错了，正确答案应是B。这是一个省略句，即在could 后省略了动词do，若把句子补完整应为The soldiers tried their best and did what they could do to fight against the flood (士兵们竭尽全力抗洪)。即句中的不定式短语(to fight against the flood) 用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：
(1) He did what he could to help us. 他尽力帮助我们。
(2) He saved what he could to buy a car. 他尽量节约每一分钱以便买车。
(3) He ran as fast as he could to catch the early bus. 他拼命地跑以便赶上早班车。
至此，有的同学可能又会想当然地认为，今后只要遇到类似结构的题选带to不定式就万事大吉了，但也不一定，例外还是有的，还得具体问题具体分析。请看下例：
(4) He ran as fast as he could _________ to catch the early bus.
A. to hope
B. hope
C. hoping
D. hoped
若根据以上“经验”认为此题要选A答案，那就又错了。此题应选C，其中的现在分词短语hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。
(5) He spent every minute he could _________ spoken English.
A. practise
B. to practise
C. practising
D. practised
【分析】此题应选C，它与以上各题的情形均有所不同，虽然与上面的第(4)题的答案一样，均为动词的–ing 形式，但也不完全一样：第(4)的hoping 为现在分词，在句中用作伴随状语；而此题的practising 是动名词，之所以用它与前面动词spent 的搭配有关，即spend … (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.
(6) Mr Smith made up his mind to devote all he could _________ his oral English before going abroad.
A. improve
B. to improve
C. improving
D. to improving
【分析】此题答案选D，注意两点：一是devote … to …是固定搭配，意为“把……贡献给……”；二是其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。
so / such,so...that / such...that 用法辨析
使用注意事项：
1. so为副词，一般修饰形容词和副词。such为形容词，修饰名词。so fast, such a nice picture。
2. so也可修饰名词，但必须符合以下语序：so+形容词+a/an+名词。即so后面的名词必须为可数名词单
数形式。so big a dog=such a big dog。如用了复数只能说such big dogs。
3. 与many, much, few, little这四个表示“数量”的词连用只能用so。需要提醒的是，little还可作为“小”
的意思，这个时候仍然用such。I have never seen such little sheep before.
4. 当so…that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时，可与be…enough to do替换；当为否定句时，可与too…
to…或be not…enough to do替换。
He is so young that he can’t go to school.
= He is too young to go to school.
=He is not old enough to go to school.
5. so that引导目的状语从句表示“为了，以便”，从句中常用can/could/will/should等情态动词。
They are hurrying so that they won’t miss the train.
引导结果状语从句时，意思为“因此，结果”。
He hurt his back, so that he won’t be able to play in the match.
相关例句：
1. She is so lovely a girl.
2. He has such a beautiful bike.
3. She is such a clever girl that everyone likes her.
4. There are so many people in the park.
5. This story is so interesting that I want to read it again.
6. He spoke so quickly that I couldn't follow him.
7. The box costs so little that I can afford it.
江苏13城市中考试题汇编：
单项选择：
( ) 1. She was ____ well dressed that she attracted everyone’s attention at the party. (08常州)
A. so
B. quite
C. too
D.
very
( ) 2. When the fire broke out, many people were so _______ that they ran _______. (08宿迁)
A. frightening; wild
B. frightened; wild
C. frightened; wildly
D. frightening; wildly
( ) 3. It was _________ music that I lost myself in it. (08泰州)
A. such a beautiful
B. so beautiful a
C. so beautiful
D. such beautiful
( ) 4. We arrived ______ late that there were no seats left. (09苏州)
A. much
B. too
C. so
D. very
( ) 5. I like the pop star _______ that I never miss his concert. (09南通)
A. very much
B. too much
C. quite much
D. so much
( ) 6. The music in the supermarket sounded so ______ that I wanted to leave at once. (09常州)
A. soft
B. wonderful
C. friendly
D. noisy
( ) 7. Curing sick people is _______ important _______ doctors must be careful. (09泰州)
A. too; to
B. so; that
C. enough; to
D. such; that
( ) 8. The question is _______ that nobody can answer it. (09宿迁)
A. very hard
B. too difficult
C. strange enough
D. so strange
( ) 9. That film was so _______ that most of the audience kept screaming in fear while watching it last night. (2010镇江)
A. exciting
B. frightening
C. boring
D. amazing
( ) 10. This is _______ difficult problem that few students can work it out. (2010宿迁)
A. so
B. so a
C. such
D. such a
( ) 11. The doctors in ORBIS have done _______ an important job _______ the patients are all grateful to them. (2010徐州)
A. too; to
B. so; that
C. such; that
D. as; as
翻译句子：
电影《阿凡达》是如此精彩以至于我们决定再看一次。(2010淮安)
The film Avatar is ________________________________ once again.
Keys：
单项选择：
1~5 A C D C D 6~11 D B D B D C
翻译句子：
so wonderful that we decide to see it
perform, performance, performer用法辨析
◇课本例句：
1. The dolphins were really tired because of the long performance.
2. The performers all wore different costumes and waved to people.
3. A performer means a person who performs in a show.
4. On the plane, volunteer doctors perform operations.
5. Operations can be performed on them to help them see again.
◇词典例句：
1. The doctor performed the operation. 医生施行了手术。
2. Who will perform the marriage ceremony for them? 谁为他们主持婚礼？
3. What play will be performed tonight? 今晚上演哪出戏？
4. Our football team’s performance has been excellent this year. 今年我们的足球队表现出色。
5. His performance of/as Othello was terrible. 他表演的奥赛罗糟透了。
6. The band will give two more performances before leaving Boston. 在离开波士顿以前这乐队
还将演出两场。
◇翻译句子：
1. 那医生正在给病人施行一项危险的手术。
2. 他把哈姆雷特的角色演得很好。(Hamlet)
3. 那出戏何时上演？
4. 表演者来自全世界。
Keys:
1. The doctor is performing a dangerous operation on a patient.
2. His performance of Hamlet was very good.
3. When will the play be performed?
4. The performers are from all over the world.
can't help （to ）do / can't help doing / can't help but do
关于can't help do sth, can't help but do与can't help doing sth有很多同学搞不清楚，现作一个讲解，以期为莘莘学子拨开云雾，解除心中的疑惑。
①.can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事；情不自禁做某事. 如：其中，help 有“克制、抑制”的意思，意思是：不能克制住做某件事，即“情不自禁”。例如：
She couldn't help crying when she saw her mother.当她看到母亲的时候，禁不住哭了起来。
Having a lot of doubt, he can not help asking them question. 因为他有些疑问，他禁不住向他们提问。
Hearing at this story, I can't help myself weeping. 听到这件事，我情不自禁地哭了。
She couldn’t help smiling. 她禁不住笑了起来。
She couldn’t help envying Helen. 她不由得不妒忌海伦。
We cannot help being impressed by their kindness. 我们不由得不被他们的善良感动。
②.can't help to do sth 不能帮助做某事，换句话说就是和help to do sth的否定句.
I can't help to do it. 我不能帮忙做这事。
I can't help you (to) finish your homework. 我不能帮你做作业.
He couldn't help to wash the clothes. 我不能帮忙洗衣服。
But one hundred and ninety is their final bid. I can not help it. 但190美元是他们的最终出价，我也不能做什么。(意为：没有办法)
③. can't help but do= have to do sth <省略to 的不定式> ，不得不做某事(其中，but 是介词，意为“除了这件事之外”)。
I could not but tell him about it. 我不得不告诉他这事。
She could not help but leave there. 她只好离开那里。
He couldn't help but realize that he was wrong.他不得不承认自己错了。
I cannot help but be sorry. 我不能不感到遗憾。
I can not help think the same. 我不禁也有同样的想法。
④.have no choice but to do 只能做某事
☆学以致用
1. He knows nothing about it, so he can't help _________ any of your work.
A. doing
B. to do
C. being doing
D. to be done
2. She can't help _________ the house because she's busy making a cake.
A. cleaning
B. being cleaned
C. cleaned
D. to clean
3. While shopping, people sometimes can't help _________ into buying something they don't really need.
A. to persuade
B. persuading
C. being persuaded
D. be persuaded
4. She can't help _________ the house because she's busy making a cake.
A. to clean
B. cleaning
C. cleaned
D. being cleaned
5. When a friend invited me to the party, I _________.
A. couldn't help but go
B. couldn't help but going
C. can't help but go
D. can't help but going
答案解析：
1.B.
2.D.
3. 此题应选C，句中的can’t help 意为“禁不住”（注意根据句意用被动形式）。
4.A.
5.A. 解析:本题考查固定搭配，句意是：当朋友邀请我参加聚会时，我不得不去。
can’t help but do sth “不得不做某事”。答案为A。.
fix mend repair 的区别
1) repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，
是使受到一定损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。
如:Who has repaired the broken leg of the table?
谁把桌子的断腿修好了？
Mary repaired the radio just for the fun of it.
玛丽修理收音机只是为了消遣。
I am going to have my bike repaired tomorrow.
我打算明天找人把自行车修理一下
2) mend的意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补)，一般指较小之物。
如:This shirt is too old to mend. 这件衣服太旧不能补了。
Can you mend a broken dish? 你能修理破碟子吗？
She is mending her shoes. 她正在修理她的鞋子。
3) fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实，将分离的物体各部分装配起来。
用于美国口语中，与repair无多大区别。
Can you fix the broken chair?
你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗?
The workers are fixing the machine. 工人们在安装机器。
Have you had your watch fixed? 你已找人修你的表了吗？
中考英语易混淆词汇辨析[整理版]
中考词汇辨析 §1 a bit/ a little 这两个词都意为“一点儿”有时可以互换，但有时不能。 Ⅰ．二者作程度副词修饰形容词、副词、动词或比较级时，意义相同，为“一点儿”“有些”。如： ①I am a bit / a little hungry. 我有点饿。 ②He walked a bit / a little slowly. 他走路有点慢。 Ⅱ．二者都可以作名词词组，充当主语或宾语。如： ①A little / bit is enough for me. 我有一点儿就够了。 ②I know only a little / a bit about her. 我对她的情况只了解一点。 Ⅲ。a little可直接修饰名词；a bit后须加of才可以。如： ①.There is a little water in the bottle. = There is a bit of water in the bottle. [注意]a little of后的名词通常特指，表“……中的一些”，如： ①May I have a little of your tea? Ⅳ. 否定形式not a little 作状语，相当于very/ quite, “很”，“非常”；作定语和宾语时，相当于much, 意为“许多”。而not a bit 作状语时，相当于not at all, 意为“一点也不”，作宾语时则相当于not much. Eg: ①He is not a little (=very) hungry. 他饿极了。 ②He is not a bit (=not at all) hungry.他一点也不饿。 ③She ate not a little (=much). 她吃得很多。 Ⅴ. Not a bit中的not 可以分开使用；not a littl e中的not 则不能分开。Eg: ①He felt not a bit tired. = He didn’t feel a bit tired. 他觉得一点也不累。 ②He felt not a little tired. 他觉得非常累。但不能说：He didn’t fell a little tired. §2 a few/ few/ a little/ little Ⅰ. a few和few修饰可数名词，a little和little修饰不可数名词；a few和a little表示肯定意义，few和little表示否定意义，可受only修饰。如： ①Few people will agree to the plan because it’s too dangerous. ②This text is easy to understand though there are a few new words in it. ③T here is little water left in glass. Will you please give me some ④Don’t worry, we have a little time left. §3above/over/on/upon Ⅰ. 方位介词，“在……之上” Ⅱ. above 着重指：在……上方，不一定含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为：below. ①The sun rose above the horizon. 太阳升到了地平线上。 ②The aero plane flew above the clouds.飞机在云层上飞行。 Ⅲ.over 表盖在……上面，或铺在……上面。此时不能用above.代替。含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为under. ①Spread the tablecloth over the table.把桌布铺在桌子上。 Ⅳ. on 含有与表面相接触的意思。 ①The book is on the desk. ②There is an oil painting on the wall. 墙上有一幅油画。 Ⅴ.upon 也含有和表面相接触的意思。与on没有多大的区别，但较正式，口语中较少用。 ①He laid his hand upon the boy’s head. 他把手放在孩子的头上。 [注]up 与以上几个不同，它表示向上方或高处，含有由下而上，由低而高的意思。常和表示运动的动词连用。作副词时，表示在上方或高处。 ①We run up a hill. 我们跑上山。 ②The plane was high up in the air.飞机在高空中。 §4accept/receive Ⅰ. accept “接受”，表示其行为是由主观意愿决定的。 ①I accepted it without question. 我毫无疑问地接受了它。
2016考研英语超难易混词汇辨析(二)
2016考研英语超难易混词汇辨析（二） 在考研英语复习过程中，考生面临一个非常棘手的问题，即超难易混词汇的辨析。而考研英语知识运用（俗称“完型填空”）着重考察近义词和形近词的辨析。凯程教育为广大考生提供了高频考察词汇的辨析，希望能够助广大考生一臂之力。 1、alleviate, diminish, reduce, decrease, decline这一组动词都有“减少，减轻”的意思。 alleviatev.在痛苦方面的减轻，缓和。 E.g.Nowadays, a great deal can be done to alleviate back pain. 如今，减轻背部疼痛可以有许多方法。 diminishv.指因为不断消耗，在数量方面缓慢减少，也指在素质或者价值的下降。 E.g.We should try to diminish the cost of production.我们应尽力减少生产成本。 reducev.指人为地使某物在数量或重量方面的减少或降低。 E.g.The plan is designed to reduce some of the company's mountainous debt. 该计划旨在减少公司堆积如山的债务。 decreasev.指数量上的减少；力量或者强度的减弱。 E.g.His interest in this subject gradually decreases.他对这门学科的兴趣逐渐减退。 declinev. (数目、价格、比率)下降；谢绝，婉言推辞；衰退，衰落。 E.g.Hourly output by workers declined 1.3% in the first quarter. 第一季度工人每小时的产量下降了1.3% 2、allocate, separate, detach, divide这一组动词都有“分开”的意思。 allocatev.分配，把……拨给。 E.g.Local authorities have to learn to allocate resources efficiently. 地方政府必须学会有效地分配资源。
最新初中英语词汇辨析的解析
一、选择题 1．—What do you think of the performance today? —Great! ________ but a musical genius could perform so successfully. A．All B．None C．Anybody D．Everybody 2．—Jerry looks so tired. He works too hard. —He has to ________ a family of four on his own. A．offer B．support C．provide D．remain 3．That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A．leads B．forms C．repairs D．controls 4．I don’t want to go. __________, I am too tired. A．However B．And C．Besides D．But 5．— Mr. Wilson, can I ask you some questions about your speech? — Certainly, feel __________ to ask me. A．good B．patient C．free D．happy 6．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．but D．for 7．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 8．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 9．—Have you got Kathy’s________ for her concert? —Yes, I’d like to go and enjoy it. A．interview B．information C．invitation D．introduction 10．You should be careful to pay over the Internet, ________it’s not always safe. A．so B．because C．after D．as soon as 11．I didn't know which dictionary was better, so I took ________. A．none B．neither C．each 12．一Where is Mr. Brown? 一I think he's _____________ the music hall. A．on B．in C．over D．from 13．—Can you ________ some of the famous tourist attractions in Paris? —Sure. There is Notre Dame, the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre, etc. A．call B．tell C．name D．talk 14．—Bill, do you like________? —Yes. They’re healthy. A．ice-cream B．carrots C．salad 15．—Is that blue cup Paul's?
中考英语形近词辨析
1.aloud（大声地）--cloud（云） 2.bad（坏的）--sad（难过的） 3.bank（银行）--rank（军衔） 4.bed（床）--red（红的） 5.beg（请求）--leg（腿） 6.better（更好的）--letter（信） 7.dig（挖）--pig（猪） 8.bike（自行车）--like（喜欢） 9.bit（一点儿）--hit（击中） 10.block（大块）--clock（钟） 11.boot（靴子）--foot（脚） 12.box（盒子）--fox（狐狸） 13.built（建造[过去式]）--quilt（被子） 14.but（但是）--cut（割） 15.cap（帽子）--map（地图） 16.car（汽车）--jar（坛子） 17.card（卡片）--hard（努力地） 18.carry（运送）--marry（结婚） 19.cast（投掷）--east（东） 20.class（班级）--glass（玻璃） 21.crop（庄稼）--drop（使滴下） 22.deal（分配）--meal（一餐） 23.deed（行为）--need（需要） 24.door（门）--poor（可怜的） 25.dump（垃圾堆）--jump（跳） 26.fast（快的）--last（最后的） 27.fever（发烧）--never（从不） 28.fire（解雇）--hire（雇用） 29.fish（鱼）--wish（希望） 30.five（五）--live（生活） 31.fix（安装）--mix（混和） 32.fool（愚蠢的）--pool（小池） 33.grade（年级）--trade（贸易） 34.grain（谷物）--train（火车） 35.hide（躲藏）--ride（骑） 36.hot（热的）--not（不） 37.house（房子）--mouse（老鼠） 38.into（到……里面）--onto（到……上面） 39.jeep（吉普车）--keep（保持） 40.just（恰好）--must（必须） 41.kick（踢）--pick（捡） 42.kind（种类）--mind（介意） 43.kiss（吻）--miss（错过）https://www.360docs.net/doc/1e7173251.html,ter（后来）--water（水） 45.lest（唯恐）--rest（休息） 46.lid（盖子）--rid（去掉） 47.life（生命）--wife（妻子） 48.love（喜爱）--move（移动） 49.mail（邮件）--rail（铁轨） 50.meal（一餐）--real（真正的） 51.mine（我的）--nine（九） 52.moon（月亮）--soon（不久） 53.most（最多的）--post（邮局） 54.mouth（嘴）--south（南） 55.much（许多）--such（这样的） 56.next（下一个）--text（课文） 57.north（北）--worth（值得……的） 58.pork（猪肉）--work（工作） 59.push（推）--rush（冲） 60.reason（原因）--season（季节） 61.ring（响）--wing（翅膀） 62.sea（海洋）--tea（茶） 63.sorry（难过的）--worry（使担忧） 64.talk（谈话）--walk（散步） 65.taste（品尝）--waste（浪费） 66.bad（坏的）--bed（床） 67.bat（球拍）--bit（一点儿）--but（但是） 68.beg（请求）--big（大的） 69.coal（煤）--cool（凉的） 70.dead（死的）--deed（行为） 71.dear（亲爱的）--deer（鹿） 72.dig（挖）--dog（狗）--dug（dig的过去和过去分词） 73.fall落下--fill装满--full满的 74.fan（扇子）--fun（玩笑） 75.farm（农场）--form（建立） 76.fix（安装）--fox（狐狸） 77.glass（玻璃）--grass（草地） 78.hare野兔--here在这里--hire（雇用） https://www.360docs.net/doc/1e7173251.html,ke（湖）--like（喜欢） https://www.360docs.net/doc/1e7173251.html,ke（湖）--lame跛的--late（迟的） https://www.360docs.net/doc/1e7173251.html,st（最后的）--lost（丢失的） 82.live（生活）--love（喜爱） 83.meat（肉）--meet（遇见） 84.month（月份）--mouth（嘴）
初中及高中英语易混词汇辨析1
疑问词+ever与no matter+疑问词的异同 在英语名词性从句的学习过程中，我们经常会遇到疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句，老师也告诫我们说他们的含义和no matter+疑问词所表示的含义是一样的，都表示“无论……”，但是两者究竟有什么区别呢？是不是在所有的情况下两者都可以通用呢？今天我们就一起来研究下吧。 疑问词+ever包括疑问代词+ever和疑问副词+ever。 ①疑问代词：whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever ②疑问副词：whenever, wherever, however （1）疑问词+ever与no matter+疑问词引导从句时的区别 1、疑问词+ever引导名词性从句，不可以与no matter+疑问词互换使用。 例： Whoever comes to the party will receive a gift. 来参加晚会的人都会收到一份礼物。 分析： Whoever意为“无论是谁”，引导名词性从句时，不可以与no matterwho互换。 2、引导让步状语从句，可以与no matter+疑问词互换使用。 例： The quality will be the same, whichever（=no matter which）of them you choose. 它们当中无论你选哪一个，品质都一样。 分析： Whichever意为“无论哪一个”，引导让步状语从句时，可以与no matter which互换。 归纳： 简单说来：疑问句+ever可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，但是No matter+疑问词只可以引导让步状语从句，也就说说前者适用的范围比后者大。所以选项中两者都有的情况下，我们尽量选择使用范围较广的疑问词+ever，答对的可能性较大。 （2）疑问词+ever引导名词性从句时注意事项 Whatever我们知道相当于No matter what，但是在引导名词性从句时相当于anything that,我们来分析以下的例句。例： Whatever he did was right. =Anything (that he did ) was right.（正确） Anything he did was right. (错误) 他无论做什么都是争取的。 分析： Whatever意为“无论是什么”，相当于anything that，anything是题干中的主语，同时充当先行词，后面that
新初中英语词汇辨析的全集汇编(2)
一、选择题 1．—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A．talk B．achieve C．memorize D．cover 2．In modern life, shopping online is________ used by many people, especially for teenagers. A．exactly B．badly C．heavily D．widely 3．—Oh, my God! I have ________ five pounds after the Spring Festival. —All of the girls want to lose weight, but easier said than done. A．given up B．put on C．got on D．grown up 4．— Mr. Wilson, can I ask you some questions about your speech? — Certainly, feel __________ to ask me. A．good B．patient C．free D．happy 5．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 6．—Have you got Kathy’s________ for her concert? —Yes, I’d like to go and enjoy it. A．interview B．information C．invitation D．introduction 7．These oranges looks nice, but _____ very sour. A．taste B．smell C．sound D．look 8．We should learn_______ each other. A．to B．from C．for D．of 9．He can’t wait to get a ticket to the movie, so he________ for it yesterday. A．spent B．paid C．took D．cost 10．The song Where Is Time Gone sung by Diamond（张碧晨）________the yearly general champion of China’s Voice. A．lost B．won C．beat D．got 11．Kangkang gets up early every day and he is ________ late for school. A．sometimes B．often C．never D．usually 12．It’s ________ of the soldiers to rush into the fire to save people. A．stupid B．proud C．honest D．brave 13．We 'll have a trip to America ______ February. A．of B．at C．on D．in 14．—Mum, I don’t want the trousers. They’re too long. —Sorry. I’ll buy a ________ pair for you. A．big B．small C．short 15．—Billy, you are very confident all the time, how do you make it? —I think confidence is more than just an attitude, it comes from a strong ________ to take
初中英语常用易混词汇辨析
初中英语常用易混词汇辨析 汇用法例句above“在……上方”，不一定含有垂直在上的意思。反义词为：belowThe sun rose above the horizon、太阳 升到了地平线以上。over“在……上面”，含有垂直在上的意思There is a bridge over the river、河上有座桥。o n“在…… 上面”，含有与表面相接触的意思There is an oil painting on the wall、墙上有一幅油画。across/through 词汇用法例句across“横过，穿过”，指从……的一边到另一边Be careful when you walk across the road、当你过马路的时候要小心。through “穿过”,强调从内部穿过The river flows through the city from west to east、这条河从西到东流过城市。at all/ after all 词汇用法例句at all“全然，根本不”，一 般用于否定句中加强语气She doesn’t like football at all、她一点也不喜欢足球。a fter all“毕竟，终究，到底”，一般 置于句首或句末作状语After all, he is a child、毕竟,他还是个孩子。f ew / a few / little / a little 词汇含义修饰名 词肯定/否定例句few几乎没有可数否定I am a new comer here, so I have few friends here、我刚来到这里，所以我在这里没 有几个朋友。a few有一些肯定Though the man has been here for only one month, he has a few friends、尽管这个人才在 这里住了一个月，但他就有了一些朋友。l ittle几乎没有不可数
英语易混淆单词辨析
英语易混淆单词辨析 amuse与entertain amuse:强调把注意力吸引到感兴趣的事情上去，多是轻松或引人发笑的事。 entertain:意味着通过公共活动或别人的活动来提供娱乐或消遣，多用于正式场合。 former/preceding/previous/prior former:可表示以前的，即时间上在前的，也可表示前者的，即已提及的两个事物中的前一个。 preceding:表示时间、位置、顺序上紧接在他物之前的，强调中间没有间隙。 previous:指在时间上较早的、顺序上在前的，表示一事做于另一事之先或指目前某事之前一件事，常用于修饰预先准备的行动。 prior:表示时间上早一些，除可用在名词前作定语外（have a prior engagement 预先有约会），还可后接介词to作后置定语或表语（an appointment prior to this one 先于此次约会的一次约会），还常表示更重要的、优先的（a prior consideration 优先考虑）
interval/gap/length/distance interval:两件事之间“间隔的时间”、戏剧两幕之间的“间歇”或两物体之间“间隔的空间” gap:（墙壁等的）“裂缝，缺口”，（思想、意见的）“分歧”（generation gap 代沟） length:（物体的）“长度”，（时间的）“长短” distance：（两地之间的）“距离” limit/confine/control/restrict/restrain limit：指限制在允许或可能的最大或最小的数量、程度、时间等范围内 confine:暗示束缚性、限制性地或阻挠性地限制，常指把人限制在狭窄的范围内，可指把人关闭起来 control:指通过权力或影响加以监督和控制，也常指控制自己的情绪 restrict:指把行为、选择等限制在规定的范围内 restrain:多指感情上、情绪上的克制 accumlate/gather,collect/assemble accumlate:意为“积聚，堆积”，指逐渐地，而且通常是无意识地，使数量越来越大 gather和collect均可表示“收集”，但collect有
高中英语易混淆词辨析
一、damage/harm destroy ruin disturb 1.The bright sunlight will ________ your eyesight. 2.The whole building was ________ by a fire. 3.His disappointing performance __________ yesterday’s party. 4.Did the dog’s barks last night ___________ your peace of mind? 分析：1. damage/harm 2. destroyed 3. ruined 4. disturb damage/harm强调造成伤害或损害，destroy则是立竿见影、毁灭性的破坏。上面三个单词都是指具体、有形物的破坏，而ruin还可以表示对抽象事物的如名声、活动的破坏、影响。disturb是“打断，干扰”的意思，在危害程度上远远比不上前面四个词。 二、dead dying deadly late 1.The _______ father wanted to see his son for the last time. 2.His grandpa has been ________ for 5 years, but he still remembers him clearly. 3.The ________ Chairman Mao is a great figure in Chinese history. 4.The ________ bite of a poisonous snake made him die. 1. dying 2. dead 3. late 4. deadly同样与死有关，这四个单词用法完全不一样。dying表示“垂死的， 将要死的”；dead是“（已）死的”；late是“已故的”之意，往往指有一定社会地位之人，是死的委婉表达方式；deadly意思是“致命的”，只能修饰物，不能修饰人。注意它虽然以-ly结尾，但却是一个形容词。 三、distance way length space 1.The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a ___________ of 60 miles. 2.The two rulers have no differences between each other in ____________. 3.The box takes up too much ___________. Will you please move it away? 4.There is still a long ___________ to go if we want to succeed. 1. distance 2. lengths 3. space 4. way distance是空间距离；length则是指一般事物的长度；way 虽然也表示路程，但是指抽象的路，没有个体的数量单位；space是抽象名词，意为“空间”，与room是同义词。 四、dress wear put…on have…on 1.The teacher came in, ____________ a happy smile. 2.__________ in a red suit, the teacher came in. 3.___________ the red suit _________, or you will probably catch a cold. 4.In fact the foolish emperor ____________ nothing ___________. 1. wearing 2. dressed 3. put… on 4. had… on 同样表示“穿”，wear与have… on表示状态，而 put… on表示动作。不过wear除了表示“穿衣服”之外，还可以表示“戴首饰；带着某种表情”等意思。dress与前面三个单词不同的地方是它后面的宾语不是衣服，而是somebody，由somebody 做主语，构成“be dressed in…”结构。 五、elect select choose sort 1.The peasants are busy __________ the seeds now. 2.Do you think George W. Bush will be _____________ president again? 3.Before recycling the waste must be _____________. 4.You can ___________ anything you like from the jewelry. 1
初中英语词汇辨析的单元汇编
一、选择题 1．We 'll have a trip to America ______ February. A．of B．at C．on D．in 2．In modern life, shopping online is________ used by many people, especially for teenagers. A．exactly B．badly C．heavily D．widely 3．I don’t want to go. __________, I am too tired. A．However B．And C．Besides D．But 4．When I as well as my cousins __________ as a volunteer in Beijing, I saw the Water Cube twice. A．were treated B．treated C．was served D．served 5．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 6．—Help yourselves! The drinks are ________ me. —Thank you. You’re always so generous. A．above B．in C．on D．over 7．—Have you got Kathy’s________ for her concert? —Yes, I’d like to go and enjoy it. A．interview B．information C．invitation D．introduction 8．He can’t wait to get a ticket to the movie, so he________ for it yesterday. A．spent B．paid C．took D．cost 9．Mr. Smith gave us some________on how to improve our speaking skills. A．advice B．news C．knowledge D．information 10．The song Where Is Time Gone sung by Diamond（张碧晨）________the yearly general champion of China’s Voice. A．lost B．won C．beat D．got 11．Kangkang gets up early every day and he is ________ late for school. A．sometimes B．often C．never D．usually 12．一Where is Mr. Brown? 一I think he's _____________ the music hall. A．on B．in C．over D．from 13．We loved the food so much, ________the fish dishes. A．special B．especial C．specially D．especially 14．Mary doesn’t like hamburgers________meat. She doesn’t want to be fat. A．or B．and C．but 15．—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A．talk B．achieve C．memorize D．cover
《中考英语》初中英语词汇辨析的分类汇编附答案
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2016考研：英语易混词汇辨析(一)
2016考研：英语易混词汇辨析（一） 在考研英语复习过程中，考生面临一个非常棘手的问题，即超难易混词汇的辨析。而考研英语知识运用（俗称“完型填空”）着重考察近义词和形近词的辨析。万学海文为广大考生提供了高频考察词汇的辨析，希望能够助广大考生一臂之力。 1、basic, elementary, fundamental,primary这一组形容词都有“基本、基础的”之意。 basica.基本的，基础的，既可用于具体事物，也可用于抽象事物。 E.g.That law deprived me of my most basic rights. 那条法律把我的最基本权利都剥夺了。 elementarya.初步的，初级的，着重指基本的或开始的事物，也指初步的概念和原则、必要的因素及组成部分。 E.g.He is ignorant of even the most elementary facts. 他连最基本的事实都不知道。 fundamentala.根本性的，一般只用于抽象的事物；必要的，必须的。 E.g. Industry leaders want scientists to engage in fundamental research, not applied research. 行业领袖希望科学家从事基础性研究，而非应用性研究。 primarya.最初的、主要的，表示在进展顺序中居于首位。 E.g. A distinction should be made between the primary and secondary tasks. 要区别主要的和次要的任务。 2、chuckle, giggle, grin, jeer, laugh, sneer这一组词都和“笑”有关，而且之间的差别也比较明显。 chucklev. (书面语)吃吃的笑，抿嘴笑，轻声笑，多指因得意或领会到某事中的趣味而暗自发笑。 E.g.I could hear him chuckling to himself as he read his book. 他看书时，我能听见他在轻声发笑。 gigglev.咯咯地笑，痴笑，傻笑，多指女人和孩子由于紧张、被逗乐、尴尬时所发出的笑声。 E.g.The children couldn't stop giggling at the teacher's high-pitched voice. 教师的嗓音很高，孩子们都不禁咯咯地笑起来。 grinv.露齿而笑，指人因高兴、满足、轻蔑等咧开嘴露齿地笑。 E.g.They grinned with pleasure when I gave them the sweets. 当我给他们糖果时，他们高兴地咧开嘴笑了。 jeerv.讥笑，嘲笑，其同义词是mock。 E.g.Do not jeer at the mistakes or misfortunes of others. 不要嘲笑别人的错误或不幸。 laughv.笑，大笑，用于一般的笑或出声的大笑。
《中考英语》初中英语词汇辨析的知识点总复习含答案解析
一、选择题 1．—Dad, are you ________this afternoon? —Yes, I have no time to play with you, Mary. A．late B．free C．busy D．happy 2．When you are________, you should listen to music to cheer you up. A．shy B．afraid C．strict D．down 3．We should learn_______ each other. A．to B．from C．for D．of 4．You should be careful to pay over the Internet, ________it’s not always safe. A．so B．because C．after D．as soon as 5．The song Where Is Time Gone sung by Diamond（张碧晨）________the yearly general champion of China’s Voice. A．lost B．won C．beat D．got 6．World Book Day takes place ________ April 23rd every year. A．at B．in C．on 7．He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A．requested B．attacked C．protected D．ignored 8．—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A．talk B．achieve C．memorize D．cover 9．—Hardly any people believe that a(n) ________ meeting will lead to a lasting love. —I agree. A．familiar B．distant C．accidental D．present 10．—Why did Jim look so happy? —It________ him that he had a good choice even if he failed in the job interview. A．learned B．broke C．hit D．received 11．—Which country has the biggest population in the world? — China . It's a little ________than that of India. A．most B．bigger C．more D．biggest 12．—Jerry looks so tired. He works too hard. —He has to ________ a family of four on his own. A．offer B．support C．provide D．remain 13．—Is that blue cup Paul's? — No, it isn't . ________is yellow. A．Mine B．Yours C．Hers D．His 14．—How can we go________ the big river? —By ship.