英语专业综合教程4课后习题解释句子&英译汉

综合教程_4（第二版）主编:何兆熊; 上外;
解释句子
Unit 1
1. There has been this long lull with nothing particular turning up!
P: Britain has been in toolong a period of stillness without taking any particular action against theenemy.
2. Wemust “…meet with Triumph and Disaster. And treat those two impostors just the same.”
P: We are sure to experienceboth Triumph and Disaster, but must avoid clouding our judgment throughexaggerating their importance.
3. Nevergive in except to convictions of honour and good sense.
P: Never give in unless weare convinced that it is honourable and sensible for us to do so.
4. Britain,other nations thought, had drawn a sponge across her slate.
P: Other nations thoughtthat Britain was completely conquered.
5. Wehave only to persevere to conquer.
P: We will win as long as wehold on to the end.

Unit 2
1. Thephrase “personal space” has a quaint, seventies ring to it.
P: The phrase “personalspace” has an odd touch that was characteristic of the 1970s.
2. T-shirtweather can make proximity more alluring (or much, much less).
P: In hot summer days peoplecan be drawn to each other, especially to the opposite sex (or feel disgustedwith the closeness of others.)
3. Thelogistics of it vary according to geography.
P: People in differentregions have different sizes of personal space.
4. Individualsroutinely commandeer booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes.
P: It is quite common thatone person occupies a booth and a set of facing seats designed for four people.
5. Inthe same way that the breeze from a butterfly’s wings in Japan may eventuallyproduce a tidal wave in California, I have decided to expand the contractingboundaries of personal space.
P: The author hopes that hisown stand against the shrinking of personal space, while small in itself willnonetheless eventually have a dramatic effect in the same way as the breezefrom a butterfly’s wings in Japan, if it initiates a chain of waves, mayeventually produce a tidal wave in California.

Unit 4
1. Itwas left to Yamahata to record, methodically--and, as it happens, with a greatand simple artistry--the effects.
P: The responsibility wasplaced on Yamahata’s shoulders to record the effects systematically and with agreat and simple artistry.
2. Thatabsence, even more than wreckage, contains the heart of the matter.
P: That vanished city ratherthan its remains represents the true measure of the event.
3. Inthe photographs, Nagasaki comes into its own.
P: In the photographsNagasaki regains its own status.
4. Thehuman imagination had stumbled to exhaustion in the wreckage of the first ruinedcity without reaching even the outskirts of the second.
P: The human imagination hadbeen exhausted and stopped at the wreckage of the first ruined city and failedto reach even the outskirts of Nagasaki.
5. Weseem to need, in addition, some other picture to counterpoise against ruinedNagasaki.
P: Apart from the pict

uresof Nagasaki we seem to need some other pictures to inspire in us a hope of lifeto counterbalance the sense of doom suggested by the ruined Nagasaki.

Unit 6
1. July4 is one of the times when the American in me feels a twinge of unease aboutthe great lacunae in our children’s understanding of who they are and isprompted to fill the gaps.
P: July 4 is one of thetimes I, as a native American, feel instinctively uneasy about the great gapsin our children’s understanding of their American identity, and thus I ammotivated to do something to fill the gaps.
2. Andour physical separation from our native land is not much of an issue.
P: And living away from ournative country does not matter much (in our children’s acquisition of ournative language).
3. Inmy day little French kids looked like nothing other than little French kids.
P: In the days when I livedin France as an expatriated child, French children were dressed in the uniqueFrench style, thus looking quite different from their counterparts in othercountries.
4. Thatexperience no longer seems possible in Western countries – a sad development,in my view.
P: Full immersion in a trulyforeign world no longer seems possible in Western countries, and I think thisis a deplorable impact of globalization upon the growth of children in aforeign country.

Unit 7
1. Hewas almost innocent of any sense of responsibility.
P: He almost had no sense ofresponsibility.
2. Hewrote begging letters by the score, sometimes groveling without shame, atothers loftily offering his intended benefactor the privilege of contributingto his support, and being mortally offended if the recipient declined thehonor.
P: He wrote large numbers ofletters begging for money. In some letters he was servile without shame, and inother letters he loftily offered his targeted benefactor the privilege ofcontributing to his support. If the recipient refused to accept his offer, i.e.refused to lend him money, he would fly into a rage.
3. Hewould pull endless wires in order to meet some man who admired his work and wasable and anxious to be of use to him.
P: He would use hisinfluence on as many people as possible in order to meet some admirer of hiswho was only too glad to offer him his help.
4. Isit any wonder he had no time to be a man?
P: Since Wagner was drivenby such tremendous forces, it is no surprise that he didn’t behave like anormal human being.

Unit 10
1. Urbanlife, during the hours when they reign, is urbane.
P: Rats make city lifecourteous and refined when they dominate the city deep at night.
2. Citydwellers take the city with them to the country, for they will not live withoutits pamperings.
P: City dwellers create allkinds of city vogues in the country, for they will not live without thesefashionable things.
3. Thesewindows are a scandal because they endanger the lives of office workers in caseof fire.
P: These windows aredisgraceful because they put the lives of office workers in danger if

a fireshould occur.
4. Notrue sense of the rhythms of the seasons is to be had from a lawn in thebackyard and a few spindly trees struggling to survive.
P: A lawn in the backyardand a few spindle-shaped trees struggling for life are not enough to give thedweller any true sense of the season changes.

课后翻译
Unit 1
1.I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub but the young man never turned up.
我安排他们在小酒吧见面，但那个小伙子一直都没有来。（turn up）
2.You cannot tell merely from appearance whether things will turn out unfavorable to us or not.
你无法仅凭表象判断形势是否会变得对我们不利。（tell from appearance）
3.The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors of the country.
那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前，从而赢得了国家最高的荣誉。（stand in the gap）
4.Tha chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his opinions.
主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听从他的意见。（yield to）
5.They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs.
他们现在生活富裕了，但也曾经历坎坷。（ups and downs）
6.There are two questions to which I will address myself in this lecture.
这次演讲我将说明两个问题。（address oneself to）
7.We are planning a big Christmas party in your honour.
我们正筹划为你举办一次盛大的圣诞聚会。（in somebody’s honour）
8.Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhood.
听到那个曲子，我回想起了儿童时代。（throw one’s mind back）

Unit 2
1.The pigeon was wedged in the fork of a branch but fell off after a while.
那只鸽子被卡在树杈里，不一会儿就跌落下来。（wedge sth. / sb. in）
2.The payment that the motorist will have to make will be proportional to the amount of damage he has done to the other person’s car.
驾车人该付多少钱需要根据他对别人车子造成损坏的程度而定。（be proportional to）
3.You can only enter the cave by inching through a narrow tunnel on your stomach.
你只有伏在地上慢慢爬过一条狭长的地道才能进入山洞。（inch）
4.She stammered some apologies as she sidled towards the door.
她一面结结巴巴地说着道歉的话，一面羞怯地朝门口走去。（sidle）
5.He took pains to explain to me that I was being dismissed not because I didn’t do my work well but because the company could not pay my wages.
他尽力向我解释说不是因为我的工作不好而解雇我，而是因为公司支付不了我的工资。（take pains to）
6.The enlistment of young soldiers infused new hope and morale into the army.
年轻士兵的入伍给军队带来了新的希望并鼓舞了士气。（infuse into）
7.Once the older boys stake a claim to the lawn, no other boys dare go on it.
一旦大一些的男孩子们声称草坪属于他们，

别的孩子就不敢去玩了。（stake a claim to）
8.The man following her made her uneasy and she couldn’t help quickening her steps.
跟在她身后的人让她心神不安，她不由得加快了脚步。（make sb. uneasy）

Unit 4
1.Their cattle were branded with the letter C.
他们的牛都打上了字母C的烙印。（be branded with）
2.In the season Brooks has really come into his own as a goal scorer.
本赛季Brooks真正发挥了一个得分手（goal scorer）的作用。（come into one’s own）
3.An economic crisis is hanging over that country.
一场经济危机正在威胁着那个国家。（hang over）
4.He is the man who really gives the order, but he always remains in the background.
他是真正发号施令的任务，但他总是躲在幕后。（in the background）
5.After dispatching the messager, what is left for us to do is nothing but to wait.
派出信使后，我们所能做的就只有等待了。（dispatch）
6.You just have to call and he’s here in a flash.
你只要一叫，他马上就到。（in a flash）
7.They have lived in the shadow of war for totally seventeen years.
他们在战争的阴霾下整整生活了17年。（in the shadow of）
8.These are the last seven Northeast Tigers in existence. If human beings failed to protect them, the tigers of this species would face extinction.
这些是现存的最后7头东北虎，如果人类不加以保护的话，这一群种的老虎将濒临灭亡。（in existence）

Unit 6
1.The hall resonated with the music of the trumpet solo.
大厅里回响着小号独奏的乐曲声。( resonate with)
2.In my mind’s eye, I saw the pale face of the mother at the news of her son’s death.
我想象得出母亲在听到儿子的死讯时那张苍白的脸。（in one’s mind’s eye）
3.His way of walking reminds me of the way his father used to walk.
他走路的样子使我想起他父亲也是这样走路的。（remind of）
4.I mixed the dates up and arrived on a wrong day.
我把日期搞错了，所以到达的日期不对了。（mix up）
5.When she learned that her daughter was accepted by Oxford University, pride swelled in her heart.
听到女儿被牛津大学录取，她心中充满了自豪。（swell）
6.Theoretically speaking, all the citizens should have direct access to information without waiting for being filtered by the government or the media.
从理论上说，全体公民都有权直接获取信息，而不必等候政府或媒体的过滤。（have access to）
7.In this presidential election, the Democratic Party launched a campaign to win the support of the female voters.
在此次总统选举中，民主党发动了一场拉拢女性选民的活动。（launch）
8.After he inherited his father’s estate, he was immersed in all kinds of pleasure.
他继承父亲的产业后，便沉溺于声色犬马之中。（be immersed in）

Unit 7
1.For the sake of your family, you sh

ould look before you leap and not venture so much.
为了你的家庭，你要三思而后行，不要冒那么多的险。（for the sake of）
2.I felt somewhat out of sorts because of last night’s heavy drink.
昨晚喝了太多的酒，我感到有点不太舒服。（out of sorts）
3.His father pulled endless wires and helped him find a position in an overstaffed government department.
他的父亲找了无数的门路，帮他在一个已经臃肿不堪的政府机构找到一个位置。（pull wires）
4.If you go through his letter carefully, you can find his real intention between his lines.
如果你仔细读这封信，就会在字里行间发现他的真正用意。（between the lines）
5.I knew I was downright rude to him, but I found enough excuse for myself.
我知道我对他真是无礼透顶，但我为自己找了各种理由。（downright）
6.Many of the outstanding figures of the past were exceptionally versatile. Leonardo da Vinci, for instance, was a painter and inventor, rolled into one.
过去杰出的人物有许多事出类拔萃的多面手，像达芬奇就集画家与发明家于一身。（roll into one）
7.He finally committed suicide after being under the torment of insomnia for many years.
在多年遭受失眠的折磨之后，他终于自杀了。（under the torment of）
8.He was struck dumb with shock.
他惊讶得说不出话来。（be struck dumb with）

Unit 10
1.The government spared no effort to support our environmental protection projects.
政府不遗余力的支持我们的环保项目。（spare no effort）
2.Before she came to China, she had no knowledge of Chinese history, geography and culture.
她来之前对中国的历史、地理和文化一无所知。（have no knowledge fof）
3.The big fire that broke out in the kindergarten endangered 23 children’s lives.
幼儿园里燃起的大火危及23个孩子的生命。（andanger）
4.We strained every nerve to head him off the topic, because we knew he would reveal confidential information.
我们竭力把他从那个话题上扯开，因为我们知道他会泄露机密。（head）
5.The resonant voice of the speaker is echoing round the hall.
演讲人洪亮的声音在大厅里回荡。（echo）
6.Diligence and loyalty sometimes can compensate for the lack of ability.
勤勉和忠诚有时可以弥补能力不足。（compensate for）
7.As far as I know, he was one of the few people who got out the rat race.
就我所知，他是从激烈的竞争中挣脱出来的少数人之一。（rat rece）
8.He left a few soldiers behind to clean up the last of the enemy position.
他留下了一些士兵来清除敌人的最后阵地。（clean up）