现代大学英语四级写作资料

大学英语四级写作资料

一、大学英语四级考试大纲（2006 修订版）对写作的要求

写作选用考生所熟悉的题材。考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等，写出一篇不少于120词的短文。写作要求是思想表达准确、意义连贯、无严重语法错误。考试时间30分钟。

写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作，思想表达准确、意义连贯、无重大语法错误。写作部分考核的技能是：

A.思想表达

1.表达中心思想

2.表达重要或特定信息

3.表达观点、态度等

B.篇章组织

4.围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点

5.连贯地组句成段，组段成篇

C.语言运用

6.运用恰当的词汇

7.运用正确的语法

8.运用合适的句子结构

9.使用正确的标点符号

10.运用衔接手段表达句间关系（如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等）

D.写作格式

11.运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式

大学英语四级考试写作部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中的一般要求，即“能完成一般性写作任务，能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等，能写常见的应用文，能就一般性话题或提纲在半小时内写出至少120词的短文，内容基本完整，用词恰当，语意连贯。能掌握基本的写作技能。”

二、四级考试写作评分标准

（1）本题满分为15分。

（2）阅卷标准共分四等：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷1-2份。

（3）阅卷人根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分数（即8分）；

若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，则可以加一分（即9分）或减一分（即7分）。但不得加或减半分。（4）评分标准

?2分：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或绝大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。

?5分：基本切题。思想表达不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语法错误。

?8分：基本切题。思想表达清楚，文章尚连贯，但语法错误较多，其中有一些是严重错误。

?11分：切题。思想表达清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语法错误。

?14分：切题。思想表达清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语法错误。仅有个别小错误。

?注：白卷、所写内容与题目毫不相关或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。

（5）字数不足应酌情扣分。

题目中给出主题句、起始句和结束句，均不得记入所写字数。

只写一段者：0-4分；只写两段者，0-9分（指规定三段的作文）

（6）各档作文相当于百分制的得分，列表如下，称为得分率。其中9分的得分率为60分（相当于百分制的60分）。

三、四级考试作文最低分规定

教育部高等教育司及全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会，于1996年11月作出了“大学英语作文将要从1997年6月开始实行英语作文最低分”的若干规定。具体记分方法如下：

1. 根据目前考生的作文均值，将作文分的最低分定为6分。

2. 作文分为0分，总分若高于60分，报分时一律作为59分不及格处理；若低于60分，报分时一律再减6分；

3. 作文分大于0分，小于6分，则按下式计算成绩：

例（1）原计算总分为63分，实得作文分为2分，最后报分：63-6+2=59分

例（2）原计算总分为80分，实得作文分为4分，最后报分：63-6+4=78分

例（3）原计算总分为55分，实得作文分为3分，最后报分：55-6+3=52分

四、本期训练重点题型（期末考试题型）

体裁：论说文

模式：

1、现象分析型

现象分析型作文主要是以当前社会上存在的热门现象为话题，如98年1月的“My View on Fake Commodities”，03年1月的“It Pays to Be Honest”，05年6月的“Say No to Pirated Products”等等。由此可见，标题的核心大都是当今社会存在的某种问题，如“假冒伪劣产品”、“盗版”等。面对此种作文，在描述现象之后，则可能具体分析该现象产生的根源（原因）、影响（正面影响和/或负面影响）、解决方案或发展方向等。那么，具体从哪一方面入手，如何组织文章的内容，详略如何布局等问题，则需要根据具体的提纲而定。

例如：

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:

1.上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间: 1990年（2 hours）、1995年(4 hours)、2002年(14 hours)，请描述其变化；

2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；

3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。

[参考范文] Student Use of Computers

Students tend to use computers more and more nowadays. Reading this chart, we can find that the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week has increased sharply. In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours; while in 2000, the number soared to 20 hours.

Obviously computers are becoming more and more popular. There are several reasons for this. First, computers facilitate us in more aspects of life. Also, the fast development of the Internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact with friends in remote places through the Internet. Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables more students to purchase them.

Along with the time spent on computers, there arise some problems. The most serious one is that many students are spending so much time playing PC games so that they ignore their studies. It is urgent to let the students use computers in a proper way.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest.

You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1．当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象

2．诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实

[参考范文] It Pays to Be Honest

Honesty is a cherished Chinese traditional virtue. But nowadays there are many dishonest cases in society. Some businessmen cheat their customers for higher profits. Some employees cheat their bosses for higher positions. Some people cheat their friends for more money. Even some government officials cheat their people for more interests. These phenomena anger every person of integrity. Then, why do they come into being?

This may be because these people believe that nobody will find out their dishonesty. However, eventually their customers will come to purchase their products no more, their bosses will dismiss them, their friends no longer help them in case of their crisis, and their people will remove them from office. They pay the price for their own behavior. Therefore, everyone should be honest, which benefits not only himself but also others.

1．有些大学校园浪费现象日益严重

2．浪费的危害

3．杜绝浪费，从我做起

Reduce Waste on Campus

Nowadays, there is an increasingly serious phenomenon on campus-waste. Rows of lights glare in studentless classrooms, residue of rice and dishes jam in the waste buckets, taps of water weep with nobody doing washing around...

Such sights are so common yet so serious that it is high time that they were eliminated, because now we are living in a world short of fresh water and it is not exaggerating to say that every drop of water is precious. And although many of us don't have to worry about lack of food any more, there are still millions who are starving somewhere in the world. If we do not cherish things we have today, sooner or later we will be short of them, since many resources cannot be recycled.

To reduce waste on campus, everyone should discipline himself: Turn off the light when you are the last to leave the classroom. Use metal or plastic chopsticks instead of disposable ones--and eat up! Keep a teacup in your school bag rather than throw each bottle away after it becomes empty!

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Say No to Pirated Products. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 目前盗版的现象比较严重

2. 造成这种现象的原因及其危害

3. 我们应该怎么做

Say No to Pirated Products

At present, piracy is becoming unprecedentedly visible in China. Any products, like tapes, CDs and hi-tech devices, can be copied, not to mention books. Shortly after a newly-published book hits the shelves, people will unsurprisingly find its pirated counterparts in the stores.

It has been widely believed that piracy has caused a great loss to legitimate producers, inventors and authors in many ways. To start with, pirated products often cost much less than the original ones, so they enjoy unbeatable advantage in price in spite of their relatively poor quality. The original ones, on the contrary, sell badly. As far as pirated books are concerned, they do great' harm to the authors' reputation due to their misprints. In the long run, pirated products may also have a negative impact on customers since those legitimate producers' enthusiasm may be greatly hurt by the fact that some customers are more inclined to purchase pirated products.

In my opinion, it's high time that the government called on everyone to start the battle against piracy.

Besides, as customers, we should develop our consciousness to resist pirated products. And laws should be strictly carried out to ban piracy from spreading any further. Only in this way can we put an end to piracy and create a healthy environment for both customers and producers.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Traveling Abroad. You should write at least 150 words based on the chart and outline given below:

Number of people in City X traveling abroad in 1995, 2000 and 2005

1．近十年来X市有越来越多的人选择出境旅游

2．出现这种现象的原因

3．这种现象可能产生的影响

Travelling Abroad

The diagram shows the numbers of people in City X traveling abroad in 1995, 2000 and 2005. As indicated in the table, in 1995, about 10,000 people in the city went sightseeing abroad. Five years later, in the year of 2000, the number increased greatly to 40,000. Another five years later, in 2005, the number dramatically tripled, reaching a surprising peak of more than 120,000. We can see clearly more and more people traveling abroad in the last ten years.

One reason for this drastic increase can be attributed to the booming of Chinese economy in these years, which has significantly raised the income of the people. With more savings in their bank accounts, people no longer regard traveling abroad as a luxury which they could hardly afford before. This may also be due to the rapid development in the social culture in China, which have greatly broaded the horizons of the Chinese people and have made them more interested in the outside world. Indeed, few people now can resist the temptation of the sunlight in Thailand, the mysteries in Egypt and the beaches in Australia.

This rapid development in traveling abroad is very rewarding. More Chinese tourists traveling abroad will surely promote China's economic and cultural exchange with other countries. And also, with increased contacts, there will be better mutual understanding between people of these countries. But the greatest benefit travel brings about is that it has greatly improved the quality of cultural life of the Chinese people.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Digital Age. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.

1. 如今数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用，例如……

2. 数字化产品的使用对人们工作、学习和辞海产生的影响

The Digital Age

分析：

由上可见，此种模式的作文的第一段一般都是某一社会现象的描述。在描述时不妨使用主题句加例子的模式，且略写较佳。第二（三）段详写，一般都是分析现象背后的原因（causes）或者该现象产生的影响（effects）。有时，这一现象可能是一坏现象——问题时，则可能要求分析解决这一问题的手段或方式（如2005年6月六级作文）。这时，现象分析型作文与下边的问题解决型作文则融合在一起（作文的例子参见历年真题范文）。

2、问题解决型

问题解决型作文的特点是：作文题目中一般就直截了当地给出了文章应该说明的主要内容——问题解决的办法，如“How to Solve the Housing Problems in Big Cities”，“How I Finance My Education”，“How to Succeed in a Job Interview”等等。此类作文在谋篇布局时，一般按照一个提纲一个段落来布局；但是到底哪个（些）段落详写，哪个（些）段落略写，则视具体情况而定。以2000年1月四级作文为例，作文给了

两个提纲，这时，不妨两个提纲都详写。提纲1可以采用“主题句+how1（方式一）+how2+how3”的方式，提纲2则可以采取“主题句（问题的解决方案）+why1（原因一）+why2+why3”的方式。而对于2001年1月四级作文，同样可以两段布局且都详写。其中，第一段采用“主题句（作用）+waht1（什么作用）+waht2+what3”的方式，第二段则可以采用如下图示的复合模式来写作，从而避免简单例举各种解决方案的单调（作文的例子参见历年真题范文）。

How1 why

主题句How2 why

How3 why

例如：

Directions: For this part ,you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance my College Education.9 You should write at least 100 words ,and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1.上大学的费用（tuition and fees）可以通过多种途径解决

2.哪种途径适合我（说明理由）

[参考范文] How I Finance My College Education

College education plays a very important role in people's life. With more and more people entering the university, how to finance the college education has been an issue in debate. In fact, the problem can be dealt with in many ways. The easiest way is to get all the money from parents. If that is impossible, students can apply for a loan from the bank. Or, making money by doing a full-time job in summer and winter holidays is another solution. Maybe, the most possible way is to ask parents for the greater part of tuitions and fees with the rest paid by students themselves by doing a part-time job.

From my point of view, I will choose the last way to pay my tuitions and fees. If my parents provide most of tuitions and fees for my college education, I can be absorbed in my study and don't worry too much about my life. Meanwhile, a part-time job in my spare time can supply me with some working experience, and make me know more about the society. Therefore, this way is the best one for me.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:

1 面试在求职过程中的作用

2 取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是……

[参考范文] How to Succeed in a Job Interview?

Nowadays, students must seek jobs by themselves. Job interview is the only way to have access to the doom of the employers. So succeeding in a job interview is very important.

But how can one succeed in a job interview? Firstly, you should be very well prepared. Bring along as much information about yourself as possible: your diploma certification, your credit records, certification about your awards, your publications, and the most important of all, an excellently-designed resume, in both Chinese and English. Secondly, you must pay much attention to your appearance. In order to prove yourself a well-educated person, you must first of all be dressed properly. While talking with the interviewer, you should look at the one you are talking to with understanding eyes. While standing, you should stand firm, never making big gestures. While sitting, you should never sit cross-legged. Always remember to listen attentively to the person talking. A slight nod of your head is always timely to show your willingness to communicate. Thirdly, you must be confident about

yourself. Never be nervous. Let your smiling face show friendliness first. While talking about your strong points, be honest, never beast or even tell a lie.

Are you sure you are well prepared? You can go now, and you will succeed, without doubt.

五、现象分析型作文的可套用句式

开头：

? 1 Nowadays, we often hear that (提出现象). 2 This phenomenon is not accidental, and there is social and individual background.

正文：

? 3 A number of factors, both physical and psychological affect/both individual and social contribute to .4 For one thing, (原因1). 5 For another,

(原因2). 6 For instance, (举例说明). 7 From that, 8 we .

结尾：

?9 As far as I am concerned, I agree that . 10 I think that (作者本人的观点). 11 .

?结尾或为：9 We should take measures to . 10 First, (措施1). Second, (措施2). 11 Finally, (措施3).

六、问题解决型作文的可套用句式

开头：

? 1 Today, with , a serious social problem has arisen —.(目前的现象及存在的问题). 2 Many ways can contribute to (要解决的问题), but the following ones may be effective.

正文：

? 3 How can we solve this problem? I think there are three approaches. First of all, (方法1). 4 At first thought, the problem seems far too involved (复杂的), but it can certainly be solved when seriously dealt with. Besides, (方法2). 5 Finally, (方法3).

结尾：

? 6 In conclusion/ To sum up, the ways I have mentioned above should never be separated from each other. 7 (希望).

（备注：1、2、3表示文章句子的序号）

提示

该略写（一般情况下，根据文章的标题和具体的提纲来确定文章的详略。）

写些什么内容（what, why 还是how; 有时可能是其中两个的综合，比如，凡是“我的看法”之类，我们必须先给出明确的答案——我的看法是什么，然后简介理由——我为什么这么认为；因此，“我的看法”就

是“what + why”的融合）

做到语言顺畅，书写美观。

审视作文优劣的标准为：

1、结构（段落布局正确否，详略得当否，段落之间和段落内部衔接自然否）

2、内容（内容是否简洁精

当、紧扣提纲）3、语言（语句顺畅否）4、书写（书写美观否）

说明原因型模块(一)

Currently, XX has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory -- nothing is more valuable than XX. It is clear that (1). If you (2), as a result, your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you (3).Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (5).It will exert a profound influence upon (6).With reference to my standpoint, I think (7).

注释:1:XX的第一个优点2:支持XX的做法3:不支持XX的做法4:XX的第二个优点5:举例证明优点二6:说明XX优点三的影响

The Importance of Self-confidence

Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than self-confidence. It is clear that (self-confidence means trust in one's abilities). If you (are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you (have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything). Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (the secret of Madame Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular). It will exert a profound influence upon (the achievement of one's ambitions). With reference to my standpoint, I think (he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).

说明原因型模块(二)

In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on (1). The factors for (2).First of all, (3).Then, there comes a case that (4). Moreover, (5). Especially when (6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind people that (7).In this way, we should behave just like (8).

The Impact of Television

In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels. It has caused a heated debate on (the impact of television on children). Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children. The factor for (parents' worry is that children are indulge d in television and spend too much time on it.). First of all, (with so many programs to choose from, children are not getting as much exercise as they should). Then, there comes a case that (some studies have shown that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school). Moreover, (the effect on children's minds is more serious than the effect on children's bodies). Especially when (the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them). Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that (they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing). In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply.

说明原因型模块(三)

For most of us today, (1) From above, we can find that the reasons why (2) are as follows. The primary reason, I think, is (3).Second, (4). The third reason, actually, is (5).The significance for (6).Therefore, (7).

注释:(1)人们针对XX的态度和举措(2)归纳现状(3)第一个原因(4)第二个原因(5)第三个原因(6)重申造成现状的最重要原因

Pollution

Most of us today (recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem. Lots of plants, trees, and corps are destroyed by bad air. Many fishes die of poisonous water. Thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in gas. Therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling, or bringing death not only to human beings, but also to wild life.) From above, we can find that the reasons why (environment are polluted more and more seriously) are as follows.The primary reason, I think, is (the reason of harmful substances into environment. For example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests. However, they pollute air, water and land). S econd, (the gas coming from the car engines and factories also makes environment polluted badly). The third reason actually is (the result of a growing population in the world. Every

day, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, also pollute the environment). The significance for(controlling pollution) noted that it's high time that more effective measures should be taken. Therefore, (new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories. Moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste. Let's make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us).

说明原因型模块(四)

These days we often hear that (1).It is common that (2). Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (3). For another, (4). What is more, since (5), it is natural that (6).To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying. We should do something such as (7) to improve he present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.(1)提出论题(2)说明现状(3)理由一(4)理由二(5)理由三(6)理由三引起的后果(7)解决方法

Pollution of Environment

These days we often hear that(our living conditions are getting more and more serious because of the destruction of our environment). It is common that (many trees and animals are near extinction, and the all-important food chain has been destroyed.). Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing,(the population of the world is increasing so rapidly that the world has been so crowded.). For another, (the overuse of natural resources has influenced the balance of natural ecology). What is more, since(the industrial revolution), it is natural that (a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms. The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment). To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worthwhile. We should do something such as (planting more trees, equipping cars with pollution-control devices and learning to recycling natural resources) to improve the present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.

二、图表式作文

It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少). What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reasons to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).

三、提纲式作文

1) 对立观点式

A. 有人认为X 是好事，赞成X，为什么？

B. 有人认为X 是坏事，反对X，为什么？

C. 我的看法. Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因. They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因.However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由. An example can give the details of this argument: There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects, it might bring about, X also may…X 的有一个坏处.

2) 批驳观点式

A．一个错误观点。B．我不同意。Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。

3) 社会问题(现象)式

A．一个社会问题或者现象B．产生的原因C．对社会和我们生活的影响D．如何杜绝(如果是问题的话) E.前景的预测. Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from

bringing us more harm. 同上Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..

四、辩论式议论文

模版（一）

Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3. In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或:From above, we can predict that 预测.

模版（二）

People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 论据1.For another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3. To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或From above, we can predict that 预测.

模版（三）

There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点). Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。Furthermore, 论据2。Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或From above, we can predict that 预测.

对比选择型作文

○1When it comes to …, different people hold different views. ①两种观点的争论焦点

②Some contend that . ②观点一

③For one thing, . ③观点一的理由1

④For another, . ④观点二的理由2

⑤In spite of all these claims, others maintain that ⑤与观点一对立的观点二

⑥They point out that . ⑥观点二的理由1

⑦Another instance often cited is that . ⑦观点二的理由2

⑧It’s no easy task to find a satisfactory answer to the issue. ⑧小结论

⑨As for me, there’s some truth to both arguments . ⑨引入自己的观点

⑩It’s advisable to . ⑩个人的结论

举例说明:

Recreational Activities

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short passage entitled Recreational Activities. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:

1.娱乐活动多种多样

2.娱乐活动可以使人们受益，也可能带来危害

3.作为大学生，我认为……

It goes without saying that there are a wide variety of recreational activities nowadays, which may cater to the needs of different people. Those who love sports can play football, basketball or tennis as they like; meanwhile, others may find more pleasure in playing cards or mahjong.

While some recreational activities are beneficial, other activities can do harm to people. (主题句) A case in point for the former situation is sports and games. These activities can help improve people’s health and mental well-being. What’s more, they can enhance friendship among people, just as the Beijing Olympics will do. On the other hand, if people prefer bad activities, they will have to suffer. For example, many people prefer gambling, and when they lose money, some of them will commit crimes.

As a college student, I hold to the belief that we should engage in healthy and useful recreational activities and stay away from the harmful ones. Only in this way are we able to build a harmonious society in our country.

现象解释型作文模板

①Recently, . ①描述现象，引起话题

②What amazes us most is ②表现较为典型的一个方面

③It is true that . ③对于现象做出的评论

④There are many reasons explaining ④承上启下,解释这一现象的原因

⑤The main reason is ⑤说明原因一

⑥What is more, ⑥原因二

⑦Thirdly, ⑦原因三

⑧As a result, . ⑧讲述导致的结果

⑨Considering all these, . ⑨作者的态度

⑩For one thing … ⑩观点一

○11For another …. ○

11观点二 ○12In conclusion … ○

12总结全文 举例说明

What Electives to Choose

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled What Electives to Choose . You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

1.各大学开设了各种各样的选修课

2.学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课

3.以你自己为例……

Nowadays, a growing number of electives are offered in all sorts of universities. According to a recent survey in China Daily , students can choose their favorite courses from a total number of 20,000 electives in Chinese universities. The topics include everything, from literature to engineering, from sociology to chemistry.

When asked why they choose the electives, different students provide different answers. Some of them choose the electives which are easier to study; therefore, the students will be able to win the credit with little effort. Other students maintain that they choose the electives that interest them the most. Still others choose the “practical ” courses because they believe these programs will help them hunt for a better job when they graduate.

As to me, I choose two electives, English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and economics. The former will equip me with more knowledge to read and write academic papers; while the latter is important in that everyone has to know a little economics in order to live better in the time of “market economy ”.

问题解决型作文模板

○

1With the … of ， ①问题出现的背景 ②So it is of great importance for us to . ②提出问题

③On the one hand, . ③问题的后果一

④On the other hand, . ④问题的后果二

⑤However, we have figured out many ways to . ⑤提出解决这一问题的方法

⑥Firstly, . ⑥解决方法一

⑦So long as . ⑦进一步说明方法一

⑧Secondly, . ⑧方法二

⑨Thirdly, . ⑨方法三

⑩In fact, . ⑩提出解决问题的根本途径

○11That is because … ○

11支持⑩句的理由 ○12In a word, ○

12总结全文 举例说明

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance My College Education . You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below ：

1. 上大学的费用(tuition and fees)可以通过多种渠道解决

2. 哪种渠道适合于我(说明理由)

How I Finance My College Education

Nowadays, tuition and fees for college education are much higher than ever before. How to finance college education has become a matter of concern for many students.

Different people have different ways to solve this problem. Some get all of the money from their parents. Some apply for a loan especially set up for college students. Some acquire the money completely by themselves, doing a full-time job in summer or winter holiday. Some other students may ask their parents for most of it and earn the rest in their spare time in college, by doing a part-time job.

As far as I ’m concerned, I prefer the last way. Having acquired most of the tuition and fees from my parents, I needn ’t worry too much about the money and can concentrate on my study; on the other hand, a part-time job in my spare time makes my campus-life colorful. I can make a lot of friends, improve my abilities and learn lots of knowledge. So, I choose this way to cover my

tuition and fees.

How Can Laid-off Workers Find New Jobs?

很多下岗工人很难找到新的工作。如何帮助他们。

The market economy has brought China both benefits and headaches, one of which is the problem of finding new jobs for laid-off workers. There is no denying that serious social problems will arise unless this problem is properly solved. As a result, it is essential to explore ways to get laid-off workers back to work.

Serious as the problem seems, we can find some solutions to it.To begin with, priority should be given to the expansion of tertiary industry (第三产业) because tertiary industry can create a great number of positions with few restrictions on age, education, skill, etc. Also, little capital is needed to set up enterprises in this field. In addition, the laid-off workers have to update their skills to meet the demands of the society, just as the old saying goes, “God helps those who help themselves.”Last but not least, they should stop relying on the state and throw away any worries about their “face”while doing “low”jobs such as washing dishes at restaurants or sending newspapers to households. Once the habit of dependency is cracked, then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving their living standards.

大学英语写作常用的九类句型

一)比较

1. The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.

2. The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.

3. A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...

4. It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...

5. For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.

6. Like anything else, it has its faults.

7. A and B has several points in common.

8. A bears some resemblances to B.

9. However, the same is not applicable to B.

10. A and B differ in several ways.

11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.

12. People used to think ..., but things are different now.

13. The same is true of B.

14. It is true that A.., but the chief faults (obvious defects) are...

二)原因

1. A number of factors are accountable for this situation.

A number of factors might contribute to (lead to) (account for) the phenomenon (problem).

2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.

3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...

4. The factors that contribute to this situation include...

5. The change in https://www.360docs.net/doc/2b16747333.html,rgely results from the fact that...

6. We may blame ..., but the real causes are...

7. Part of the explanations for it is that...

One of the most common factors (causes) is that...

Another contributing factor (cause) is...

Perhaps the primary factor is that …

But the fundamental cause is that...

三)后果

1. It may give rise to a host of problems.

2. The immediate result it produces is...

3. It will exercise a profound influence upon...

4. Its consequence can be so great that...

四)批驳

1) It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.

2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.

3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.

4) Many of us have been under the illusion that...

5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.

6) It makes no sense to argue for...

7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to...

8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that...

9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that...

五)举例

1) A good case in point is...

2) As an illustration, we may take...

3) Such examples might be given easily.

4) ...is often cited as an example.

六)证明

1) No one can deny the fact that...

2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.

3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows...

4) Recent studies indicate that...

5) There is sufficient evidence to show that...

6) According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that...

七)开篇

1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of...

2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.

3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.

4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among...

5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over...

6) Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular.

7) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that...

8) According to a recent survey…

9) With the rapid development of ...,...

八)结尾

1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that...

2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop...

3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to...

4) In conclusion, it is imperative that...

5) There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help.

6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must...

7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.

8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.

9) We might do more than identify the cause; it is important to take actions to...

10) Taking all these into account, we...

11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear...

1) With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up

2) When it comes to...，some people think ／believe……that...，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true. There is probably……some truth in both arguments／statements，but...当说到……，有些人认为……，但另一些人则持相反的观点……。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但……。作文可引用的36句谚语格言

1. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。

2. God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者。

3. Easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。

4. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。

5. One false step will make a great difference. 失之毫厘，谬之千里。

6. Slow and steady wins the race. 稳扎稳打无往而不胜。

7. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。

8. Experience is the mother of wisdom. 实践出真知。

9. All work and no play makes jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍，聪明也变傻。10. Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance. 无德之美犹如没有香味的玫瑰，徒有其表。11. More hasty, less speed. 欲速则不达。12. It’s never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。13. All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。14. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之行始于足下。15. Look before you leap. 三思而后行。16. Rome was not built in a day. 伟业非一日之功。17. Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。18. Well begun, half done. 好的开始等于成功的一半。19. It is hard to please all. 众口难调。20. Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不念。21. Facts speak plainer than words. 事实胜于雄辩。22. Call black white and white black. 颠倒黑白。23. First things first. 凡事有轻重缓急。24. Ill news travels fast. 坏事传千里。25.

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。26. Live not to eat, but eat to live. 活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭为了活着。27. To live is to learn, to learn is to better live.活着为了学习，学习为了更好的活着。28. East or west, home is the best. 金窝银窝不如自家草窝。29. It's not the gay coat that makes the gentleman. 君子在德不在衣。30. Beauty will buy no beef.不能当饭吃。31. Like and like

make good friends. 趣味相投。32. The older, the wiser. 姜是老的辣。33. Do as Romans do in Rome. 入乡随俗。34. An idle youth, a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。35. As the tree, so the fruit. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。36. Action speaks louder than words. 行动胜过语言。