高考英语完型常考形容词
重点1形容词的词义辨析
形容词的词义辨析与使用中经常存在的几个误区:只知其一,不知其她;只知大概,不知具体;只知认词,不知辨词;只知词义,不知使用。对于考查形容词的题,考生应该严格地区分与细心地比较所给的四个选项,瞧其搭配、惯用法,尤其瞧其内涵与外延,才能选出正确答案。要做好这类题目,考生要有较大的词汇量,较强的词语搭配能力,以及在具体语境中理解词义的能力,同时要懂得词汇的内涵、外
延及褒贬等。做题时要结合上下文语境确定词的意义。
下面就是几组高考经常考查的形容词:
1、special, especial, specific, particular, peculiar的区别
这些形容词均有"特殊的,特别的"之意。
special就是普通用词,指不同于一般,与众不同;突出与一般不同,或侧重强调事物的专门性。
especial与special含义很接近,但侧重有特殊意义或重要性。
specific着重指某种事物具有的特殊或特定的属性,也可指专门提出作特别考虑的事物。
particular侧重不同于普遍性的个性或特殊性。
peculiar强调怪异的,不同寻常的。
2、economic, economical, financial的区别
这些形容词均含有"经济的"之意。
economic指与political"政治的"相对而言的"经济的"。
economical意为"实惠的,省钱的,经济的"。
financial意为"财务的,金钱的,财政的,财力的"。
3、effective, efficient的区别
这两个形容词均有"有效的"之意。
effective侧重产生实际的效果、效力或具有取得预期效果的能力。
efficient侧重积极有效,效率高,效果好,节省精力。指人时,强调能干,有能力。
4、actual, real, true的区别
actual意为"实际的,现实的",强调某事或某物就是真的或真实存在的。如:
Could you offer us actual figures?您能否为我们提供实际的数字？
real意为"真的",与"假的"相对。指物品的外表与实质一致,不就是仿造或模型之类的东西。如:
Was it a real man or a ghost?那就是真的人还就是鬼魂？
true意为"事实的,真正的"。指现实中存在的而不就是被创造的或猜测的东西,多用来修饰抽象名词。如:
I don’t think what he has said is true、
5、common, general, ordinary, usual, normal的区别
这些形容词都有"普通的,平常的"之意,但有差异。
common侧重"普通的,常见的",表示普遍存在。如:a common saying俗话。
general侧重"普遍的"之意,表示在大多数人中流行并受到关注。如the general opinion一般舆论。ordinary与common同义,侧重"平凡的,普通的",表示没有什么不同,不值得惊奇。
usual意为"通常的,惯常的",指习惯性做的事情,其反义词为unusual。如:
It’s a usual thing with him、这对她来说就是平常事。
normal意为"正常的,一般的"。
6、alive,live,living,lively的区别
alive(作表语或后置定语)指"有生命的,还活着的"。如:
After the earthquake, they found the woman alive, but a few minutes later, she was dead、地震过后,她们发现那位妇女还活着,但几分钟后,她就死了。
live表示"活的,有生命的"时(无比较等级)只能作定语,主要用于动物等。若用在表语位置,就要用alive。但当live表示"带电的"时,可用作表语。如:
a live fish一条活鱼
The wire is live、这根电线有电。
living"活的,在使用的,活着的",可用作表语、定语。如:
a living language现在使用的语言
He is still living at the age of 106、她已106岁了,仍然健在。
lively"活泼的,生气勃勃的,生动的",可用作表语、定语。如:
She is as lively as a bird、她快活得像只小鸟。
a lively description of a football game对一场足球比赛的生动描述
重点2选项中副词的辨析
考查副词的试题在高考完形填空中所占的比例不大,但就是,在每套试题中都有所涉及。所给的四个选项词义各不相同,要求考生根据题意选出正确答案,目的在于检测考生对句子的理解能力。做这类试题的时候,考生要透彻地理解上下文内容与逻辑关系,善于从语境中找出解题线索。以下就是几组常用的副词的区别:
1、almost与nearly的区别
两者均可表示"几乎"、"差不多",均可修饰不定代词、形容词、副词、动词、介词短语等,肯定句中两者常可换用。如:It’s almost/nearly impossible、那几乎就是不可能的。注意:修饰动词时,通常应放在行为动词之前,特殊动词之后;修饰形容词、副词、名词等时,通常应放在被修饰词语之前,否则会造成错误。
如:He worked almost all day、她工作了几乎一整天。
almost可与no, nobody, nothing, never等否定词连用,但nearly一般不这样用。如:Almost no book may attract him、几乎没有什么书能吸引她。但就是,
两者都可用在行为动词的否定式之前。如:He almost/nearly didn’t catch the bus、她差点没赶上公共汽车。
nearly前可用very, pretty, not等词修饰,但almost之前不能用这些词。
如:It’s not nearly so difficult as you think、这远不像您想象的那么难。注:not nearly意为"远非,绝不
就是",就是固定短语。
有时almost可表示十分相似(但又不完全相同),此时不用nearly。如:Our cat understands everything—he’s almost human、我们这只猫什么都懂——快
通人性了。
2、still与yet的区别
高考英语完型填空真题大全有答案
During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grand master, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s46 I could hardly wait to 47 him. Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and 52 .to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and leaned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 . Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I' m still putting to use what he 55 me：“the absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my60 as a journalist. 41. A put forward B jumped at C tried out D turned down 42. A waste B earn C save D pay 43. A excited B worried C moved D tired 44. A title B competitor C textbook D instructor 45. A urged B demanded C held D meant 46. A fastest B easiest C best D rarest 47. A interview B meet C challenge D beat 48. A chance B qualification C honor D job 49. A real B perfect C clear D possible 50. A attend B pass C skip D observe 51. A add B expose C apply D compare 52. A eventually B naturally C directly D normally 53. A game B presentation C course D experiment 54. A criterion B classroom C department D situation 55. A taught B wrote C questioned D promised 56. A fact B step C manner D skill 57. A grades B decisions C impressions D comments 58. A analyze B describe C rebuild D control 59. A announce B signal C block D evaluate 60. A role B desire C concern D behavior
历届高考英语完形填空全国卷
高考完形填空专项训练步步高 抓好三方面●跨好三大步●做好三结合 ------谈完形填空解题技巧中学生在做完形填空题时存在的问题，概括起来有以下三方面： 1.不善于抓文章的主旨大意，并以此为中心展开对整篇文章的推理、判断，导致理解上出现偏差，甚至和文章的中心相悻。 2.容易受定势思维的影响，对文意分析不透，忽视特定语境中知识的运用。 3.对完形填空题怀有厌倦、畏惧心理，以至做题时处于应付状态，做题能力得不到提高。 那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空题的能力呢？我们应从以下三方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤“通读、精读、复读”有机结合，明确每步的思维主攻方向。即抓好三方面，跨好三大步，做好三结合。 一、通读短文抓主旨 一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，不容易把握文章的主题和大意。但短文首句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结、结论或点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。借助于首尾句给予的启示，克服不良心理的影响，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句，尽力从整体上理解短文大意，这是逐空填词的重要依据和基础。如果一开始就忙于见空填空，势必无法从整体上把握全文概要，无法形成连贯的思路，只见树木不见森林，理解偏离文章的中心，造成顾，此失彼的错误，甚至影响做题速度。 抓住了文章的主旨大意后，我们围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。尤其是一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项就会迎刃而解。 二、精读短文析文意 在基本抓住文章的主旨后，应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境做深人的理解，克服“定势思维”，根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，逐项填空。切不可以单纯的词汇辨析或语法角度去做题，而应以能否恰如其分地表达文意作为选择最佳答案的唯一标准。要吃透文意，理解到位，我们应做到以下几点： 1.从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在联系。就题论题，断章取义，忽视上下文的信息提示是我们常犯的错误。因此我们在做题时要注重暗含的信息提示，找准突破口，确保文意畅通。 2.从词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的角度去考虑，准确判断。NMET完形填空题中考查词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的题目逐年增多，必须结合上下文把握文意，研读
高考英语阅读常见690个单词
1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更 2.burst vi./n. 突然发生,爆裂 3.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) 4.blast n. 爆炸；气流vi. 炸,炸掉 5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽 6.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的 7.spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出 9.slip v. 滑动,滑落；忽略 10.slide v. 滑动,滑落n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种,品种v. 繁殖,产仔 13.budget n. 预算v. 编预算,作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人 15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17.transform v. 转变,变革；变换 18.transmit v. 传播,播送；传递19.transplant v. 移植20.transport vt. 运输,运送n. 运输,运输工具 21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化,改变；使多样化23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见 24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下n. 燕子 25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的https://www.360docs.net/doc/2b2865868.html,d a. 温暖的,暖 和的；温柔的,味淡的 28.tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害, 讨厌（的人或事物） 30.insignificant a. 无意义 的,无足轻重的；无价值的 31.accelerate vt. 加速,促 进 32.absolute a. 绝对的,无 条件的；完全的 33.boundary n. 分界线,边 界 34.brake n. 刹车,制动器v. 刹住（车） 35.catalog n. 目录（册）v. 编目 36.vague a. 模糊的,不明 确的 37.vain n. 徒劳,白费 38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭 的 39.extraordinary a. 不平常 的,特别的,非凡的 40.extreme a. 极度的,极 端的n. 极端,过分 41.agent n. 代理人,代理 商；动因,原因 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮 料,酒精 43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求 44.appreciate vt. 重视,赏 识,欣赏 45.approve v. 赞成,同意, 批准 46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励 47.acquire vt. 取得,获得； 学到 48.accomplish vt .完成,到 达；实行 https://www.360docs.net/doc/2b2865868.html,work n. 网状物；广 播网,电视网；网络 50.tide n. 潮汐；潮流 51.tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的 52.trace vt. 追踪,找到n. 痕迹,踪迹 53.torture n./vt. 拷打,折 磨 54.wander vi. 漫游,闲逛 55.wax n. 蜡 56.weave v. 织,编 57.preserve v. 保护,保存, 保持,维持 61. abuse v. 滥用,虐待；谩 骂 62. academic a. 学术的； 高等院校的；研究院的 63. academy n. （高等）专 科院校；学会 64. battery n. 电池（组） 65. barrier n. 障碍；棚栏 66. cargo n. （船、飞机等 装载的）货物 67. career n. 生涯,职业 68. vessel n. 船舶；容器, 器皿；血管 69. vertical a. 垂直的 70. oblige v. 迫使,责成；使 感激71. obscure a. 阴暗, 模糊 72. extent n. 程度,范围,大 小,限度 73. exterior n. 外部,外表 a. 外部的,外表的 74. external a. 外部的,外 表的,外面的 75. petrol n. 汽油 76. petroleum n. 石油 77. delay vt./n. 推迟,延误, 耽搁 78. decay vi. 腐烂,腐朽 79. decent a. 像样的,体面 的 80. route n. 路；路线；航 线 81. ruin v. 毁坏,破坏n. 毁灭,[pl.]废墟 82. sake n. 缘故,理由 83. satellite n. 卫星 84. scale n. 大小,规模；等 级；刻度
2018届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题分类汇编--完型填空(带答案精准校对提高版)
One【2018届上海市西南位育高三英语上学期10月试题】 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the ___41___one. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not __42____to do the work, that most people do not listen well. Listening well also requires total ____43____upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or ___44___your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. ____45____, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary ____46____ of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to____47____up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be _____48____ only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth. Most of the time we____49____ this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening _____50____. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain_____51_____ results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in to hear. listening, or we simply____52____ to listen to what we don’t want It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic. In about a quarter of the patients I saw, ____53_____ improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy, before any of the____54_____of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for __55____ that he or she this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s __
高考英语完形填空考试解题三大角度
高考英语完形填空考试解 题三大角度 完形填空题型有着极为深远的理论背景。在19世纪物理学重大发现“场理论”的启发下，德国心理学家柯勒等人提出了“格式塔心理学”，强调人类认知过程中的宏观性和整体性。1953年，美国语言学家Wilson Taylor基于上述理论，首次提出完形填空这种题型，旨在测试考生利用已知信息恢复不完整语言材料的自然倾向强度，进而考查考生的语言能力。 作为选拔性考试，高考必须具有较高信度、效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度。完形填空的重点在于综合考查考生的词汇和语法等基础知识以及阅读和写作等语言运用能力，正好满足了高考的需求。自从1987年首次出现在高考英语试卷中以来，完形填空题型历来都属于高考英语中能力要求最高、试题难度最大的一类题型。
研究历年的各套高考完形填空题，可以从具体的题目之中看出该题型中若干对我们解题非常有帮助的共同特点： 一、从所选文章的角度 体裁上，以叙为主，叙议结合。高考完形填空题的选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文，这是和高考考生的语言水平紧密结合的。高考是各级各类英语测试中相对较简单的一种，因而采取了常见体裁中较简单的记叙文作为题目载体。因此，短文一般按照时间线索行文，内部逻辑清晰层次分明。 题材上，选用真实世界中的语言材料，考查考生使用语言进行信息获取和社会交际的能力，对心理问题、校园生活、奇闻轶事等热点话题继续关注，并兼顾高考的公平性原则，不涉及特定地域或人群色彩较浓的不具有一般性的话题。
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(完整版)高考英语完形填空常考词汇整理
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