英语 宾语从句形式及口诀相关整理
宾语从句是初中英语中很重要的语法项目，是学生英语学习的重点更是教与学的难点。我们从初一就开始接触到了宾语从句，但有关宾语从句的知识很零散、很复杂，它不是独立存在的，而是与其他知识有很大的关联，因此很难通过几句话说明白。由于无法系统学习，因此它一直困扰着学生的学习和教师的教学。宾语从句知识涉及到词（助动词、疑问词、行为动词、引导词等）、多种时态、句子类型（肯定句、否定句、疑问句、语序、简单句、复合句）、同义句、被动语态等多方面知识的综合能力的考查。因此宾语从句更是中考试题中倍受青睐的考试内容，出现频率高、考点众多、分值大、题型多样。为了帮助同学们更好的掌握宾语从句，华联留学老师现将宾语从句的有关知识进行全面总结，并通过口诀的形式帮助记忆。
一、概念：宾语是由一个句子来充当，这个句子就称作宾语从句。
I think he is a good student .
二、可接宾语从句的动词有say 、tell 、think、 know、 see、 hear、 hope、guess、 find、 feel 等，或由形容词构成的系表结构，如：afraid、 sure、 glad、sorry等
I hope that our team will win the match .
I am sure that I can pass the English exam easily .
三、宾语从句的标点符号。
宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句，如果主句是陈述句，句尾用句号，如果主句是疑问句，句尾用问号。
I don’t know what his name is .
Do you know which school he studies in ?
四、引导词。
1、that （从句是肯定句时，引导词用that ，它本身无词义，不充当成分，在口语中可省略，但在正式场合不可省。）
2、if或whether （从句是一般疑问句时用if 或whether ，含义是“是否”。）if、 whether 一般情况下可以互换，但在构成whether…or not 句式只用whether
3、连接代词、连接副词（从句是特殊疑问句时用）
连接代词(what、 which、 who、 whose )
连接副词(when、 where、 how 、why )
五、宾语从句的同义句转换。
在宾语从句中经常会出现“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，它可与“疑问词+主语+情态动词+动词原形”进行同义句转换。
Can you tell me how I can get to the station?
Can you tell me how to get to the station ?
六、宾语从句的语序。
宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序（即正常的主谓语序）
He says that Jim will miss a lot of lessons .
He asked whether we should hold a sports meeting .
Do you know what the population of Dalian is ?
七、宾语从句的时态。
1、主句是一般现在时，从句可根据需要选用任何时态。（从句中有明确的时间状语时应由时间状语来决定时态）
He says that he is good at English
He says that he has been ill for two days
I don’t know if he will come tomorrow
2、主句是一般过去时，从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态。（即一般过去时、过去将来时、过去完成时等）
He asked me where I lived
He said that she had been ill for two days
She said that she would return soon
3、当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时，从句时态不受主句的影响，都用一般现在时。
The teacher said “light travels faster than sound”
He said that the earth is round
特例：1 Could you tell me …委婉的语气，常按照一般现在时处理。
Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is ?
2 从句中有确切的时间状语时，则根据其时间状语决定从句时态。
He said he was born in 1997.(注意不用过去完成时)
八、宾语从句中的助动词。一般来说宾语从句中不再有助动词，即一般现在时的助动词do ,does ，一般过去时的助动词did就消失了。（但当从句是否定句除外）。Do you like speaking English ?He wants to know .（改为宾语从句）
He wants to know if you like speaking English
特例：I want to know why he doesn’t go to work by bike .
九、宾语从句中的动词变化。如果简单句变成了宾语从句，那么其谓语动词要相应的变化。常见的一般过去时的动词应用过去式；一般现在时的如果主语是第三人称单数的，动词要用单三形式，如果主语不是第三人称单数，动词都用原形；其他时态变成相应的时态的结构即可。
Where does he live ? Could you tell me (改为宾语从句)
Could you tell me where he lives ?
十、宾语从句变否定句。
如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时，并且谓语动词多为think、 guess 、believe 等表示心理活动的词时，变否定句要否定转移，即否定主句。否则，变否定句看从句。
I think chicken can swim (变否定句)
I don’t think chicken can swim
He said that he would go shopping(变否定句) ..
He said that he would not go shopping
十一、宾语从句变反意疑问句
如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时，变反意疑问句时看从句。如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句。
I think he is a good student ,isn’t he ?
They want to know if he is a good student , don’t they ?
十二、简单句与复合句的转换
He found that he was a good student .（宾语从句）
He found him a good student .
A B C D
A 主语
B 谓语C宾语Ｄ宾语补足语
十三、宾语从句记忆口诀
为了帮助同学们更好的掌握宾语从句，华联留学小便现将它以口诀的形式介绍给大家，希望给大家的学习带来轻松，容易记但不容易忘。
宾语从句有特点，宾语家族成员添。
部分动词和形短，后面常把从句连。
标点符号很简单，看着主句语气变。
引导词在从句前，三种情况好变换。
肯定句中that现，同时不把成份担。
疑问if/whether选，有时whether必见。
特殊问句也不难，连接代副需判断。
有种句式很普遍，常出同义句考咱。
宾从主谓不能串，时态变换常有三。
从句疑问 d 旁观，此时要把动词看。
主句I we心动谈，变否定往前面转，
反意疑问看后边，除此情况正相反。
以上总结很全面，希望大家记心间。华联留学
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解_专项练习及答案
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初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)知识讲解
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略） whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。） （二）关系代词which的用法 which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that） Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that） （三）关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge?
高一英语宾语从句公开课教案
课题：Grammar:Objective clause I. Teaching aims: A.Knowledge aims By the end of the lesson, Ss will have a better understanding of the objective Ss will grasp the usage of introductory words: that、if、whether，what etc, the tense and word order, etc. B. Ability aims Enable students to identify what is the objective clause and learn to use different kinds of introductory words C. Affection aims Develop students’ interest of learning grammar. ] II. Teaching important points Explain the three important aspects of the objective clause: the introductory words, tense and sentence order. Besides, explain the usage of 3 introductory words：that, if, whether.,what,etc difficult points How to choose the introductory words correctly and appropriately in the objective clause IV. Teaching methods teaching and learing , practicing，discussing Teaching tools: 、 The multimedia and other normal teaching tools V. Teaching procedures
初中英语语法——If引导的条件状语从句(讲解及练习)
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英语语法英语从句完全汇总
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(完整版)英语中宾语从句用法及例句总结(完整)
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3.原因状语从句 引导连词有because，as, since。 He didn′t see the film because he had seen it. 他没有看那部电影，因为他已经看过了。 They couldn’t get on the train，for it was too crowed. 比较：because, since, as和for 1) because语势，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。 I didn't go, because I was afraid. Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2) 由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则能 够用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。 He is absent today, because / for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today.
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1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. （and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。） 2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. （that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。） 3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.（that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。） 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 （2）从属连词if/whether.如： I doubt whether he will succeed. I don’t know if you can help me. （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever， whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why. Who or what he was，Martin never learned. I wonder what he’s writing to me about. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.
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