初中定语从句公开课导学案
初中定语从句公开课导学案
定语概念：
_________________________________________________________ ____________划出下列定语 a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red 如果定语
_______________，便称为定语从句。I know the girl、 The girl is in red、 (两个简单句)
→I know the gir l who is in red、（定语从句）被修饰的词是_______________。这个词就称为先行词。
其中连接两个句子的是______________，称为关系词。关系词在从句中指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的成分，观察上句，关系词在从句中充当________________。
附：关系词与先行词的关系：
关系词和先行词密切相关，因为关系词用来指代先行词，并且在从句中充当一定的成分。
定语从句中常用的关系词有：
关系代词
_________________________________________________________ _______ 关系代词在从句中可充当___________，_____________或_____________；关系副词 _________ (表示时间) _________ (表示地点)
_________ (表示原因)
关系副词在从句中充当状语。
结论：关系词常有三个作用：
1、_________
2、_________
3、_________
一、将下列句子译成汉语。、
1、Who that knows him wants to make friends with him?
2、 What else was there in my brother that you didn't like?
3、 He lives in the room whose window faces to the south、
4、 He lives in the room, the window of which faces to the south、
5、 This is Mr、 John for whose son I brought a book yesterday、
6、 This is Mr、 John for whom I bought a book yesterday、
7、 This is the hour when the place is always full of women and children、
8、 And there is one point that I'd like your advice、
9、 Winter is the time of year that the days are short and nights are long、
10、 I hope you will find this valley，a beautiful place where you may spend your weekend、1
1、This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life、
12、 The man who is running is my uncle、
13、 I like the music that I can sing along with、
14、 The woman who lives next door is a teacher、二、按关系词种类学习
（一）关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词一览表关系词所做成分例句练习一
1、This is the man ________ helped me、
2、 The doctor ________ you are looking for is in the room、、5、 The building _________ stands near the river is our school、6、 This is the book ___________ you want、7、 The room in __________ there is a machine is a workshop、8、 This is the boy _________ broke the window、
9、 The letter _________ I received was from my father、练习二Whose的用法
3、 Do you know the man ________ name is Wang Yu?
4、 Do you see the house ________ windows are all broken?
1、I’ve got a cat _______hair is yellow
2、、He is my English teacher 、 His son is our classmate
_________________________________________________________ __练习三
1、The boys who football are from the country、
A、 are playing B is playing C plays D to play
2、 At last, the man handed everything he had stolen to the police、A which B what C that D who
3、 This is the most interesting journey I have ever heard of、
A、 which B who C that D whom
4、 He is a singer who his own lyrics、A write B writes
C、 writing D to write
5、 This is the boy broke my window、
A、 which B what C who D whom注：that的用法 (1)
只能用that而不用which作为定语从句的关系代词的情况(a)
在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。I s there anything that you want to buy in the shop？Finally, the thief handed everything
that he had stolen to the police、 All that is needed is a supply of oil、(b)
先行词有the only, the very, the last, just修饰时，只用that。T his is the very dictionary that I want to buy、这正是我想买的字典。c )
先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。、 He was the first person that passed the exam、他是第一个通过考试的人。T his is the best book that I have ever read、这是我读过的最好的书。
(d)
先行词既有人，又有物时。I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room、 ( e) 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时 Who is the girl that is crying？
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？
Who that break the window should be punished、谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚、 (2)
不用that的情况 (a)
在引导非限定性定语从句时。T he necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday、 Tom came back, which made us happy、 (错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here、 (b)
介词后不能用。W e depend on the land from which we get our food、 We depend on the land that/which we get our food from、当堂检测一阅读下列句子，用
who/that/which/whom填空。
1、I have a brother _______ likes soccer、
2、 Tom doesn’t like movies _______are too long an d too scary、
3、 We prefer groups________ play loud and energetic songs、
4、He likes friends _________ often help each other、
5、 I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music、
6、 Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress __________ I gave her、
7、 My parents live in a house__________ is more than100 years old、
8、 The boy with _______ John spoke is my brother、
9、 Kevin is reading a book __________ is too difficult for him、
10、 Is there anything ________ you want to buy in the town、1
1、All ______ we can do is to study hard、
12、 The first one _____ stands up is a little boy、二
选择填空
1、Oh! It’s Mr、Baker, our math teacher、
A、he
B、that
C、whom
D、which
2、I hate the people ______ don’t help othe rs when they are in trouble、
A、who
B、which
C、they
D、where
3、The foreigner _______ visited our school i s from Canada、
A、which
B、when
C、who
D、whom
4、George Mallory was an English school teach er _______ loved climbing、
A、who
B、whom
C、he
D、which
5、The letter _______ I received from him ye sterday is very important、
A、who
B、where
C、what
D、that
6、He has gone back to Qinghua University、
A、whom
B、who
C、whose
D、which
7、I hate people _______ talk much but do l ittle、
A、whose
B、whom
C、which
D、who
8、Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nu rse in a hospital?
A、who
B、that
C、whom
D、whose
9、Is there anything ____ I can do for you?
A、what
B、which
C、that
D、it
10、You are the only one ____ advice he mig ht listen to、
A、who
B、that
C、whose
D、whatever 11 、The man ________ coat is b lack is waiting at the gate、
A、who’s
B、whose
C、that
D、of which12 、 The foreigner _______ visited our school is from Canada、
A、 which
B、 when
C、 who
D、 whom13 、 George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing、
A、 who
B、 whom
C、 he
D、 which
14、Very good、I like clothes _____ make me
feel comfortable、
A、that
B、what
C、who
15、Is there anything __________ to you?
A、that is belonged
B、that belongs
C、that belong
D、which belongs 16 、So we should do s omething ______ can help stop smoking、
A、what
B、who
C、/
D、that
5、This is the place _______I have ever visi ted、
A、there
B、when
C、where
D、which
6、Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t
come to the meeting、
A、that
B、which
C、why
D、when
7、The moon is a world ______ there is no life、
A、that
B、which
C、where
D、why
8、He has forgotten the day _______ he arriv ed、
A、when
B、where
C、that
D、which
9、He still remembers the days ______ he spe nt with your family、
A、when
B、where
C、that
D、on which
10、Mr、White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman、
A、who
B、that
C、whose
D、which
11、This is the house _______ I want to buy 、
A、in which
B、that
C、whose
D、where
12、This is the house _______ our beloved Pr emier Zhou once lived and worked、
A、which
B、that
C、when
D、where
13、He didn’t tell me the place _______ he
was born、
A、that
B、which
C、when
D、where
14、He lived in a small village, ______ was
a long way from the railway station、
A、that
B、which
C、where
D、when
16、He has gone back to Qinghua University、
A、whom
B、who
C、whose
D、which
17、I hate people _______ talk much but do little、
A、whose
B、whom
D、who
18、Do you know a boy ______ sister is a n urse in a hospital?
A、who
B、that
C、whom
D、whose
19、Is there a shop near here______ we can buy vegetables and fruits?
A、which
B、when
C、who
D、where
20、The park, ____ we visited yesterday, is very nice、
A、where
B、which
C、that
D、when
21、
Is there anything ____ I can do for you?
B、which
C、that
D、it
22、That is the reason ____ he came to see
you、
A、when
B、that
C、which
D、for which
23、Some of the roads were flooded, ____ mad
e our journey more difficult、
A、which
B、it
C、what
D、that
24、You are the only one ____ advice he mig ht listen to、
A、who
B、that
C、whose
D、whatever
25、The man ________ coat is black is waitin
g at the gate、
A、who’s
B、whose
C、that
D、of which
3、 The foreigner _______ visited our school is from Canada、
A、 which
B、 when
C、 who
D、 whom
4、 George Mallory was an English school teacher
_______ loved climbing、
A、 who
B、 whom
C、 he
D、 which
（二）关系副词引导的定语从句关系词所做成分例句基本用法关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，when, where和why分别表示时间，地点和原因。
1、when 在从句中作时间状语。常用on which, in which, at which, during which等代替。e 、g、 April the first is the day when people make fun of others、 =April the first is the day _____________ people make fun of others、
2、where 在从句中作地点状语。常可由in which, on which, at which, on which等取代。e 、g、 This is the house where he lived two years ago、 =This is the house ____________ he lived two years ago、
3、 why why在定语从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。why不可引导非限定性定语从句，此时可用for which代替。e 、g、 This is the reason why he went away、 =This is the reason ____________he went away、（二）关系副词常可用“介词+关系代词”的结构改写这里的关系代词只限于which和whom，例如① I will never forget the night when I met you for the first time、=I will never forget the night ____________I met you for the
first time、② This is the house in which I live d two years ago、=This is the house ____________ I lived two years ago、③ We don’t know the reason for which he suddenly fell ill、=We don’t know the reason
____________ he suddenly fell ill、注意：并不是所有的介词+关系代词的结构都可用关系副词替代。e、g、 I am very impressed by the way in which he works、这里in which 代
表的是in the way, 在句中作方式状语。只有当介词+关系代词结构作表示时间、地点和原因的状语时，才能相应地用when, where 和why代替。
（三）如何判断是用关系代词还是关系副词这本质上取决于关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当的成分。前者充当主语、宾语、表语或定语，后者充当状语。试比较下面两组句子：① This is the factory that/which produces radios、This is the factory where radios are produced、第一句中划线部分在从句中作____________语，故而应选用关系代词：The factory produces radios、而第二句中划线部分在从句中作
____________语故而应选用关系副词：Radios are produced in the factory、② Do you remember the days (that)
we spent together?Do you remember the days when we worked together?第一句中关系代词在从句中作宾语：We spent the days together、而第二句中关系副词作时间状语：We worked together during the days、
四、判断关系代词与关系副词的方法：
1、用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面没有宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。判断下列句子的对错（） This is the mountain village where I visited last year、（） I
will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside、（） This is the mountain village (which)
I visited last year、（） I'll never forget the days (which)
I spent in the countryside、2、准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也就能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例
1、Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A、 where
B、 that
C、 on which
D、 the one例
2、 Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held、
A、 where
B、 that
C、 on which
D、 the one三、使用定语从句需要注意的问题：
（1）关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词常省去。
如：The play（which）I watched just now had been on twice on Channel （2）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who， that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。
如：This is the house (that/ which )we lived in last year、 = This is the house in which we lived last year、Please tell me the person (who/ whom)
you borrowed the English novel from、 = Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel、
三、跟踪练习
（一）用关系代词或关系副词将下列每组两个简单句合成一个复合句。
1、The boy is my younger brother、 He was here a minute ago、
2、 The old man is a professor、 He will give us a talk tomorrow、
3、 Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square、 The foreign visitors live there、
4、 The woman is here now、 You were talking about her、
5、 This is the hall、 We listened to the report in it the other day、
6、 The car was going90 miles an hour、 The car just passed us、
7、 The man was my uncle、 The man waved to us、
8、 I enjoyed reading the book、 You gave me the book last week、