2017届高考英语二轮复习第1部分提升语法运用第4讲定语从句
第四讲定语从句
1．(2016·高考全国乙卷语法填空)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s， I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
2．(2016·高考全国丙卷语法填空)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius， lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C.，influenced the development of chopsticks.
3．(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ单选，4改编)When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.
4．(2012·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ单选，8改编)That evening，
I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late.
5．(2015·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.
6．(2013·高考广东卷语法填空)Nick's guests， had heard their conversation，asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.
7．(2015·高考广东卷语法填空)When harvest came around，he was already selling herbs，vegetables and cotton in the market people from the towns met regularly.
8．(2014·高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Maybe you have a habit
is driving your family crazy.
9．(2014·高考广东卷语法填空)The next day，my brother and I went to the beach we watched some people play volleyball.
10．(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Having tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner，that might not be served until 8 o'clock at night.
11．(2016·高考北京卷单选，22改编)I live next door to a couple
children often make a lot of noise.
12．(2016·高考天津卷单选，9改编)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week， the weather may be better.
13．(2013·高考浙江卷单选，5改编)The children，all of which had played the whole day long，were worn out.
14．(2015·高考天津卷单选，15改编)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere that his employees enjoy their work.
15．(2014·高考四川卷单选，4改编)Until now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children，that is quite unexpected.
答案：1.when 2.who 3.where 4.which 5.that/which
6．who 7.where 8.that/which 9.where 10.that→which11.whose 12.when 13.which→whom14.that→where15.that→which
1．选择关系代词和关系副词的三个原则
(1)根据所引导的从句的限制性和非限制性；
(2)根据所替代的先行词是指人还是指物；
(3)根据关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
若从句中缺主语、宾语、定语或表语，则用关系代词；若从句中缺状语，则用关系副词。
2．牢记定语从句的特殊用法
看到先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如point，situation，case，stage等，若引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where引导定语从句；若不作状语，则常用关系代词that/which。
3．熟记as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
(1)位置不同
as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。
(2)含义不同
as意为“正如……”，后面的谓语动词多是see，know，expect，say，mention，report，announce等；which意为“这一点”。
4．“介词＋关系代词”中介词的选择原则
(1)根据介词与定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配；
(2)根据介词与前面先行词的习惯搭配；
(3)根据介词与定语从句中形容词的习惯搭配；
(4)在非限制性定语从句中表“所有关系”或“整体中的一部分”时常用介词of。
5．巧辨定语从句与其他从句
(1)定语从句与名词性从句的区别
定语从句前必须有先行词，先行词通常为名词或代词；名词性从句除同位语从句外，前面均无名词或代词。
(2)定语从句与同位语从句的区别
二者前通常都有名词或代词，但定语从句起修饰、限定作用；同位语从句起解释、说明作用；引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；而引导同位语从句的that在从句中不作成分。
(3)非限制性定语从句与并列句的区别
若前后句之间有and，but，so等并列连词或分号等，则为并列句；若只有逗号，且逗号后的内容是对前面某一名词或句子的补充说明，则为非限制性定语从句。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2016·江西红色七校一联)There，lying in the muddy river bed was a little dog about two months old， front legs were tightly tied with ropes.
2．This is an age so many foreigners are crazy about teachings of Confucius.
3．(2016·广东汕头二模)Sierra Leone is a country basic health facilities are lacking and many people are struggling with poverty.
4．(2016·山东青岛一模)On looking at the spot the bird had risen，I saw two eggs.
5．When I arrived，Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.
6．Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.
7．(2016·山东烟台3月诊断)The heart-warming story began in September last year a woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood to accept her six-year-old son.
8．(2016·辽宁葫芦岛调研)With the fast development of agriculture，the people，in village she taught 10 years ago，have lived a happy life.
9．(2016·江西新余一模)There are many new central leaders in China now，of many once worked in the western provinces.
10．(2016·安徽皖北协作区3月联考)If the earth is poisoned，the water，the food and the animals will be poisoned， means that we who poison the earth will be poisoned too.
11．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.
12．Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world.
13．He talked about the people and the place he had visited in that country.
14．He is a man never leaves today's work till tomorrow.
15．This is the way he told me yesterday.
16． the old saying goes，“You can't judge a book by its cover.”
17． is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
18．The weather turned out to be very good， was more than we could expect.
19．I have read the book A Tale of Two Cities， was written by Charles Dickens.
20．They talked in such simple English children could understand.
答案：1.whose 2.when 3.where 4.where 5.where 6.where 7.when 8.whose 9.whom 10.which
11．whose 12.which/that 13.that 14.who/that
15．that 16.As 17.As 18.which 19.which 20.as
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Tibet is a beautiful part of China，without where our country would be incomplete.
2．The couple will fly to France for their honeymoon on their first stop，which they plan to stay for three days.
3．If you risk something important，you cause it to be in a dangerous situation that you might lose it.
4．That is the reason why he explained to us.
5．This is the only way which we can find at present.
6．The pen with that he wrote was made in China.
7．The train with which Tom travelled to Canada was very fast.
8．This is the garden，gate of which is very large.
9．Who is the girl with which you just shook hands?
10．These houses are sold at such a low price that people expected.
答案：1.where→wh ich 2.which→where或which前加in 3.that→where 4.why→that/which 5.which→that
6．that→which7.with→on8.gate前加the 9.which→whom10.that→as
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was visiting the Cape Verde Islands with some friends.Although it was a 1. (wind)day，the water was clear and my friends were out on the reef.Going out to snorkel(潜泳)，I
2. (notice)that an ocean current had spread to the bay，pushing me towards rocks
3. (cover)in sea urchins(海胆)．Since I wasn't close to the shore，
4. would have been a tiring exercise to swim against it，so，using the current，I made it back to shore in about an hour.
5． (lie)on the beach and out of breath，I heard a voice.A man，6. was one of the guys I had just met，was getting pushed past the rocks and would be quickly carried out to sea.No one else was close，7. I jumped into the water.Keeping a mark on all of the submerged rocks and sand bars(沙洲)，I swam out to him.
“Get hold of my arm and when you reach a sand bar，grip it with your feel，” I said over the roar of the waves.
With one hand，I held onto the man，and with 8. other，I was using all of my remaining 9. (strong)to reach the sand bars.Again，I used the current to get across the bay，towards the shallows.10. (final)，we crawled up the sand and lay there watching the sun.
答案：1.windy 2.noticed 3.covered 4.it 5.Lying
6．who 7.so 8.the 9.strength 10.Finally
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2016·河北衡水中学模拟)Although it took place three years ago，I never forget the evening party which is such a unforgettable experience.In the evening party，we both spoke English.Some boys and girls sang English songs and danced happy.Our monitor had offered us some riddles and crossword puzzles.Unless you couldn't guess it，you had to sing a song or dance or tell a story.The most exciting p rogram is the short play “Cow and Cough”，where was played by our teacher and a few students.
We burst into laughter.The short play was not funny but instructive.When my classmate meet each other again，they often refer to that interested and unforgettable party.
答案：
Ⅴ.写作提升
A．作文例句翻译(用定语从句)
1．我们学生应该经常和我们的父母交换意见，他们经验丰富，最重要的是，他们是世界上最爱我们的人。
2．很抱歉我没有立刻回复一周前你寄给我的电子邮件。
3．总之，能够在短时间内赢得他们的友谊是我一生中感到最自豪的事。
4．因此，那些做那些最不起眼工作的人应该得到和工程师或教师一样的尊重。
5．我让他给你带去你以前要的中国画。
答案：1.We students should often exchange ideas with our parents，who are rich in experience，and above all，love us most in the world.
2．I’m sorry I couldn’t reply to your e-mail which you sent me a week ago immediately.
3．In a word，being able to win their friendship in a very short time is the thing that I am proud of most in my life.
4．Consequently，those who do those most insignificant jobs should get respect as much as those being engineers or teachers.
5．I’ve asked him to bring you the Chinese painting you’ve asked for before.
B．根据上下文和括号中的提示，用定语从句完成语段。
In our school，there are various kinds of activities，1. (我们非常喜欢它们)．Playing football and reading stories are my favorites 2. (它们对我有许多好处)．Besides building my body and enriching my knowledge，they also free me from the heavy work or study.
From my point of view，if there is an activity 3. (使你感兴趣并适合你)，you should participate in it，4. (它不仅能使你的学校生活丰富多彩，还能提高你的交际能力)．
答案：1.which we enjoy very much 2.which do me lots of good 3.which interests and suits you 4.which will not only enrich your school life，but also improve your ability to communicate with others
定语从句
[注意](1)以下情况下一般用that：
①当先行词是指物的all，little，few，much，any，anything，everything，nothing，none，the one时，或先行词被all，little，few，much，any，every，no等修饰时。
②先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序数词(包括last，next)、最高级形容词及the only，the very等修饰时。
③先行词包括人和物时。
(2)当先行词是表示时间、地点、原因(只能是reason)等，且这些先行词在定语从句中作状语时，就分别用when，where，why来引导定语从句。另外，when，where，why一般可用“介词＋which”替代，其中reason后的why通常用for which替代。
[特别提醒]当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的词语时，不一定填关系副词when，where，why，只有当这些词在定语从句中作状语时，才用关系副词，否则要用关系代词。
2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句(解析版)
2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句（解析 版） 【2020年】 1.（2020·江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free. A. whose B. which C. when D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which 引导。故选B。 3.（2020·天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。 3.（2020·新课标Ⅲ卷）In ancient China lived an artist61 paintings were almost lifelike. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 【2019年】 1.【2019·江苏卷】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. what C. when D. that 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。 2.【2019·天津卷】Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. why B. where C. which D. what 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can
新高考下的英语定语从句
定语从句 考纲要求： 掌握定语从句的基本知识；区分定语从句和名词性从句的性质和用法。 在具体的语境中考查非限制性定语从句的引导词以及“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句；设置语境，考查抽象地点或时间概念的名词作先行词时关系副词的选择，甚至通过增加先行词的隐蔽性来增加试题的难度；考查定语从句的特殊句型，即：特定词汇+of whom/which 引导的定语从句。 复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从的连接词有关系代词who, whom, that, which, whose, as 和关系副词when, why, where等。这些关系代词或关系副词有替代先行词，连接主句和从句，并在从句中充当成分三个作用。定语从句有限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。 限制性从句是句子不可缺少的部分，主句和从句间不用逗号隔开。 非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，去掉不影响主句意思的完整性。一般用逗号把主从句分开。关系代词that不可以引导非限定性定语从句，其他可引导定语从句的连词均可引导非限定性定语从句。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。有时先行词是关系代词前的整个句子。 1.当先行词是人： 关系词要用who, whom, that, whose等，其中who/that 在从句中课充当主语或宾语，whom 在从句中只能充当宾语，whose在从句中充当定语,不可省略(of whom 可以代替whose指人，词序是名词+of whom。) This is the man who/that can speak several foreign language.（who/that 在从句中作主语，不可省略） I like the girl (who/whom/that)you referred to yesterday.(who/whom/that 在从句中作宾语，可省略） The government tried to help the old woman whose son (of whom the son/the son of whom）died in the war. [注意：whose与所修饰名词之间无任何冠词，否则要用of whom] 注意： ?若连接词在从句中作介词宾语并且介词在前面，代替人必须用whom，且不可省略There is nobody in the street to whom I can turn for help.(turn to sb for help 求助于某人) ?若介词在后面，则who, whom或that均可引导从句，且可以省略。 There is nobody in the street that /who/whom I can turn to for help. （填一填）The settlement is home to nearly 1000 people, many of ________ left their village homes for a better life in the city. ?在下列情况下多用who或whom,而不用that ①先行词是all, anyone, one, ones, those, people等时 All who can dance well will be invited.（who在从句中作主语） Those who (whom)he knows will be invited.(who/whom在从句中作宾语） ②在被分割的定语从句中 A new teacher will come who will teach us English. ③在there be句型中 There is a girl who wants to see you. ④一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个用that引导，为了避免重复，另一个用who. Every student that is from China who likes English will have a chance to get a book. 2.当先行词是物： 连接词要用which，that，whose，which/that在从句中作主语或宾语；whose在从句中作定语，后直接跟名词，无冠词，若有则用of which。（whose是一个表示所属关系的词,在定语从句中做定语,相当于my, his, her, its, their 等修饰人或物。of which可以代替whose指物，词序一般是名词+of which或of which+名词。） The building which/that stands in the center is our school library.（which/that在从句中作主语，不可省略） This is the book (which/that)you want.(which/that 在句中作宾语，可以省略） The building whose window (of which the window)faces south is our school library.(作定语）（填一填）Look out! Don't get close to the house ________ roof is under repair. 注意： ?如果关系代词在句中作介词宾语并且介词在前面，必须用which，且不可省略。 The house in which I live is near yours. The house (that/which )I live in is near yours.
高中英语定语从句教案
教学过程 一、复习预习 1、对上节课课后作业中的问题进行查漏补缺； 2、导入： e.g. She is a beautiful girl. She is a beautiful girl who drives me crazy. 二、知识讲解 （一）定语从句定义
1、定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面。 2、先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词。 3、关系词：用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 关系代词的种类： 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词：when, where, why 4、定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 a、There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her. b、In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. c、Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie. d、Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story. （二）定语从句分类 限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，对先行词起修饰限定作用，从句与先行词紧密相连，缺少它则句义显得不完整，一般不用逗号隔开。非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词关系松散，用逗号隔开。 1、The man who gave me this book is T om .(限定性) 2、T om,who is reading a book ,is my classmate (非限定性) （三）关系代词 1、who指人，在定语从句中作主语。 e.g. The man who is sitting under the tree is a German . 2、Whom指人，在句中做宾语，可省略，但在做介词的宾语是只能用whom,不能用who。关系代词前有介词时不能省略。 e.g. I know the girl (whom) the teacher is speaking to . I know the girl to whom the teacher is speaking . 3、whose, 作定语，可指人或物 e.g. Everyone heplps the child whose parents are dead. They are the lazy students whose homework wasn’t handed in . 4、that 指人或物，多指物，作主语（不能省略）或宾语（可省略） e.g. He is the finest comrade that has helped us . This is a plant that grows in the north . 5、which ,指物，在句中做主语（不能省略），或宾语（可省略）。 e.g. This is a plant which grows in the north . ☆常用that不用which的情况 1、当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时，只用that。 歌诀助记：不定代词这路货，全用that准没错。 Pay attention to everything that I do.
高考英语专题定语从句知识点真题汇编及答案解析
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