宾语从句大全
宾语从句
第一部分：宾语梗要
宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。当然,也可以由一个句子来充当,称之为宾语从句；英语的及物动词后必须有宾语；除及物动词有宾语之外，英语介词后面也要有宾语；某些形容词如
worth,careful等后也可有宾语；宾语有直接宾语和间接宾语之分。即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语，这两个宾语统称为"双宾语"。
一不同词类作宾语
1. 名词作宾语
She is playing the piano now.
2. 代词作宾语
We all like him.
She doesn't know me.
3. 数词作宾语
Give me four.
4. the+形容词/v-ed/v-ing结构作宾语。
1) The young should respect the old .
2) They went to help the dying and the wounded.
3) They are searching for the lost .
二．非谓语类作宾语
1．不定式作宾语
We all like to go to school.
注意: I don’t know what to do next.
2．动名词作宾语
The boss hates workers’complaining.
三．从句类作宾语
I think he is right.
Do you understand what I mean?
I asked whether there are any chemist's shops in this street.
Give him whatever he needs.
We can rely on whomever we can trust.
She will give whoever needs help a warm support.
四．两种特殊带宾语的结构
1．一些形容词可有宾语
常用的情感形容词有：sure, afraid ,glad ,pleased ,happy ,worried ,sad ,sorry
The book is worth reading.
2．介宾结构
Are they listening to the professor?
Are they satisfied with us?
He passed the exam by cheating.
五．it用作形式宾语（基本用法）
I think it no need talking about it with them.
He makes it a rule never to borrow money.
Did you make it clear why she didn't come?
I think it very strange that he goes out walking almost every night.
She won’t like it if you arrive late.
六．双宾语
有些及物动词可接两个宾语（双宾语），即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。
1. 常用句型为主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语。
Give me a cup of tea, please.
You don’t need to show him how to do it.
He has told me where they lives.
2. 下面几种情况，通常要用介词to或for引起的短语：
1). 当直接宾语是人称代词（it／them）时。如：
The watch is Li Lei's. Please give it to him.。
2). 当强调间接宾语时。如：
Mother cooks breakfast for us every day.
3). 当间接宾语比直接宾语长时。如：
On the bus, he often gives his seat to an old person.
4) 由to连接间接宾语的动词有：give, lend, bring, show, tell, write, send, hand, teach,
offer, sell, promise, pass ,take等.
5) 由for连接间接宾语的动词有：buy, make, leave, do, choose, order, sing, win, cook, get 等
注意：I will ask him a question. I will ask a question of him.
七．同源宾语（Cognate Object）
少数不及物动词能带一个在词根上与动词相同或相近意义的宾语，即同源宾语
1. 能带同源宾语的动词有：lead, live, die, sleep, dream, breathe, smile, laugh, fight, run, sing等。
Under the leadership of the Party, the peasants are living a happy life.
I dreamed a terrible dream last night.
Our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods last August.
He died a heroic death.
2. 同源宾语前面可带形容词作定语。这时，“动词+定语+同源宾语”的结构在意义上相当于“动词+与定语意义相同的状语”。二者相比，前者语气更强一些。
We slept a comfortable sleep last night.
(= We slept comfortably last night.)
Professor Smith died a sudden death last Wednesday.
（= Professor Smith died suddenly last Wednesday.）
注意：同源宾语前面通常带有定语。
fight a good fight breathe a deep breath
laugh a foolish laugh smile a forced smile
3. 同源宾语的修饰语是形容词最高级或含有最高级意义时，该同源宾语常可以省去。
You should run your fastest（race）.
The old man breathed his last（breath）this morning.
第二部分宾语从句
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
比较下面几个句子
I don't know the phone number.
I don't know what’his phone number is.
I don't know if this is his phone number.
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.
宾语从句详解
一．宾语从句的分类:.
1 作动词的宾语:
I heard that he would come here later on.
2 作介词的宾语:
He said nothing about who broke the window last night.
3 作形容词的宾语：
I am sure I will pass the exam.
二.宾语从句中引导词（连接词）的用法
分三类：
从属连词that(陈述句),if,whether（是否），
连接代词who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever , whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
连接副词when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
找出并翻译下列句中的宾语从句
1 He told me that he would go to the college the next year
2 I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
3 Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
4 Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
5 The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.
6 He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
7 Could you please tell me how you use the new panel（新的操作盘）?
8 None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）
只起连接作用，无词意，通常第一个that 可省。
可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：
say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.
2在以下情况中that不能省略
1）、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。
I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better．2）当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.
当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。I can’t tell him that his mother died.
4）当it作形式宾语时例句：She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him．
5）当宾语从句前置时That our team will win，I believe．
6）. that从句单独回答问题时。如：
—What did he hear? 他听说了什么事？
—That Kate had passed the exam. (他听说)凯特考试及格了。
3 宾语从句的否定转移
当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。
I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.
注意：
1)主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess 等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?
I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he?
We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词(不包含带有否定前缀的词，如：unhappy，unfair，dislike等),其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he?
2)当主句的主语是第二、三人称时，其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。
Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she?
You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you?
They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?
She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?
3）在think,believe,suppose,guess等及物动词及I’m afraid等表达的后面，可用so,或not代替一个宾语从句，so 代替肯定句，not 代替否定句，该宾语从句通常是上文提到的一件事。
—Are we late?
---I’m afraid so.
----Do you think he will come?
----No,I think not./I don’t think so.
注: I don’t think /believe/suppose/expect so.这种结构不能用于动词guess和hope,guess和hope 只能用I hope/guess not.
（二）由whether,if 引导的宾语从句
whether和if通用，都表示“是否”的意思。一般来说，后者比较正式，在口语中前者常用来代替后者。但两者有时具有不同的暗示。用whether时，正反两面的选择意义较强，问话人并不在意回答是肯定还是否定；而用if时，则比较强调单方面，即正面，问话人希望得到肯定的回答。另外，还要注意从以下六个方面的高频考点：
一、whether和if都可以与or not连用；但whether和or not写在一起时，或在动词短语后，只能用whether，不能用if。如：
●I don't care whether (或if) it will rain or not．
●I don't care whether or not it will rain. (不用if)
●I don't care about whether or not it will rain. (不用if)
二、在引导宾语从句时，应注意：
1、表示“是否”时，两词都能引导宾语从句。
①I don't know whether/if I will be able to come.我不知道我是否能来.
②She asked me whether/if I was interested in working for her.她问我是否有兴趣为她工作。
③We'll be told tomorrow whether we should take the exam or not.我们明天才知道是不是应该参加考试.
④I asked him whether he had done all the work himself or whether he had had any assistance. 我问他这些工作都是他自己做的还是别人帮他做的.
⑤I wonder if/whether you can examine him now．
( 注意: 在两个供选择的从句之间若用or字, 则须重复whether一字. )
注: ⑴当强调宾语从句并将其提前时只能用whether。
如:Whether I'll have time to go with you I am not sure.我很难说我们是否有时间跟你们一起去。
2、宾语从句移置句首时，用whether，不用if。
Whether it is true or not，I can't say．
=I can't say whether/if it is true or not
3、宾语从句为否定形式时，通常用if，而不用whether。
I asked Tom if Mary wouldn’t come．
4、动词discuss，decide, consider等后习惯上也常用Whether引导从句，不用if。whether 和if 的区别
三、在下列情况下，只能用whether，不能用if。
1、与不定式连用时，只能用whether．
He can't decide whether to accept or refuse．
2、在介词后，只能用whether。
Everything depends on whether he is ready．
I don't care about whether or not it will rain.
3、在名词后作同位语时，只能用whether。
The question whether they ought to stop working was discussed among the workers．
I have no idea whether he is there．
4、引导主语从句时，只能用whether。
Whether he comes or not doesn't concern me．
5、引导表语从句时，只能用whether。
What Maria doesn't know is whether there will be enough snow．
6、当whether和or not连用时，只用whether不用if。如:
I don’t know whether or not he will come.我不知道他是不是回来。
I'll be happy whether/if I get the job or not我能不能得到那份工作都一样高兴。注意：当or not放在whether引导的从句句尾，则可以用if来替换。
7、当whether和or 连用表示明确的选择时，只用whether不用if。
He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus.他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。
He hesitated about whether he should drive or take the train.他开车去还是坐火车去, 犹豫不决
注:whether 和or 连用还可以引导让步状语从句,此时也不用if。如：We'll go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or not.
不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们要把这件工作做下去。
Whether or not it rains / Whether it rains or not, we're playing football on Saturday.无论下不下雨, 我们星期六一定踢足球.
8、在动词不定式之前，只能用whether，不能用if。
①The question is whether to go to Munich or Vienna.问题是去慕尼黑还是去维也纳.
②She doesn't know whether to get married now or wait.是否现在结婚或是等待她不知道。
③We were wondering whether to go today or tomorrow.我们弄不清是今天走还是明天走.
④I'm not sure whether to resign or stay on.我拿不准主意是辞职还是留任.
四、if可引导条件状语从句，译作“如果”，whether可引导让步状语从句，译作“不管、无论”。
If I were you，I would not buy．
Whether he agrees or not，I shall go there．
We'll go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or not.不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们要把这件工作做下去。
Whether or not it rains / Whether it rains or not, we're playing football on Saturday.无论下不下雨, 我们星期六一定踢足球.
五、whether和if均可用来引导主语从句，但if引导的从句不能位于句首。
Whether they win or lose is all the same to me. 他们是赢是输於我都一样.（此时whether不能换作if ）
It's doubtful whether there'll be any seats left.说不上还有没有空座位了. (此句whether能换作if)
六、表语从句、同位语从句用whether引导不用if.
The doubt was whether you had broken the beautiful vase.疑问是你是否打坏了这只漂亮的花瓶。
The question whether we'll build another lecture building hasn't been settled.是否要另建一幢教学楼的问题还未决定。
（三）连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。
②连接代词：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。
连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏么？
The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.
Have you determined whether you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
③连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?
你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
四.宾语从句的时态
时态：
1、主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.
2、主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.
3、当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现
在时态。
例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
五宾语从句中的语气
虚拟语气的用法
虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
1.Wish(表现在--->过去时；表过去--->过去完成时；表将来--->would+do )
I wish I were a bird and could fly freely .
I wish I had met that film star yesterday.
How I wish it wouldn’t rain tomorrow .
2.在表示含有“愿望、建议、命令”等词的各种从句中，从句的谓语动词用（should +do ）
一坚持二命令三建议四要求i-和-s双重性
Insist , order, command, advise, suggest , propose, demand, desire, request,
require insist/suggest
Eg: The teacher suggested that he (should) read English aloud.
He required that we (should) work all right.
It was suggested that the meeting (should) be put off next week.
The suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off till next week surprised
us a lot.
The suggestion is that the meeting (should)……….
注：suggest表“暗示”，表明之意时，insist表示“坚持认为，硬要说”之意时，不用虚拟。
The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.
The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.
He insisted that he was a Party member and be sent to the front.
六、宾语从句的特殊式
1. 复合连接代词在宾语从句中的使用。如：
Sarah hopes to become a friend of whoever shares her interest. （whoever= anyone who / any person who）
These wild flowers are so special I would do whatever I can to save them.（whatever= anything that）
It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. whatever在此处是泛指，不可被what替代。而“I can’t remember at the moment who has said the words.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever。
2. it作形式宾语，从句作真正宾语。
（1）动词+ it + important / necessary / natural / etc. + thatclause。that clause中谓语动词前可加should，亦可省略。如：
I think it important that you （should）attend the conference.
（2）动词+ it + as + 名词/ 形容词+ clause。如：
The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend his lecture.
（3）动词+ it + 介词+ thatclause。常见的有：owe it to sb. + thatclause（把……归功于某人），leave it to sb. + thatclause（把……留给某人去做），take it for granted + thatclause （想当然），keep it in mind + thatclause （记住……）。如：
I just took it for granted that he’d always be around.
You may depend on it that he will turn up in time. 你可以相信他会及时赶到的。
You may depend on it that we shall always help you.（尽管放心，我们会随时帮你
的。）
I’ll see to it that all these letters will be sent to the post before twelve.我将注意...
Would you see to it that she gets home early?（你负责保证她早到家，好吗？）
He insisted on it that he was innocent.（他坚持说自己是无辜的。）
I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it.（我让你自己判断这事是否
该做。）
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.（多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。）
(4) 某些表示“喜怒哀乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate, dislike, prefer, appreciate 等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；或者当它们后接if从句或when从句，通常应先在动词后接it作形式宾语。
I don’t like it that he’s so lazy.（我不喜欢他那么懒惰。）
I don’t like it when shop assistants follow me around. 我不喜欢店员跟在我后面.
I hate it if you say such things in public. 我讨厌你在大庭广众之下说那样的事。
He hates it when people talk with their mouths full.他讨厌别人边说话边吃东西。
I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作那就太好了。
I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 感激。
(5. )用于have it that(说，认为)，take it that(认为)等个别固定表达中。如：
I take it (that) you agree. 我以为你同意了。
Report has it that about 30 people were killed in the accident.据报道...
注意：若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现
简化宾语从句的方法
方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.
方法二：当主句谓语动词是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.
注：当主句谓语动词是tell，ask，show，teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：
Could you tell me how I can get to the station？→Could you tell me how to get to the station？
方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. →The headmaster ordered us to start at once.
方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：
He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.
The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.
方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：
Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. →Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.
方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：
It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.
除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化，如：
I found that it was difficult to learn English well.
→I found it difficult to learn English well.
Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow.
→Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.
They found that the box was very heavy.
→They found the box very heavy.
宾语从句种类有3类
宾语从句种类有3类 动词的宾语从句 介词的宾语从句 形容词的宾语从句 1、动词的宾语从句 ·大多数动词都可以带宾语从句 We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger. 我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮. He told us that they would help us through the whole work. 他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的. ·部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句 I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. 我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了. Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip? 你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗? ·动词短语也可以带宾语从句 常见的这些词有: make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. 在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误. ·可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句 ①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
宾语从句最简单的讲法简单宾语从句
(一)宾语:放在实意动词之后的词,即为宾语。宾语可以由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。 I like my teacher、(名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball、(动名词作宾语) I decide to study hard、(不定式作宾语) I know him 、(代词作宾语) (二)宾语从句: we know yaoming、 宾语从句就就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,并有一个连接词引导。 哪些句子可以做宾语？ 1.陈述句 he is a famous basketball player 2.一般疑问句 will our teachers attend the meeting ？ 3.特殊疑问句which coat did you want? 1.当宾语从句就是陈述句时(包括肯定句与否定句),连词由that引导,因为that在从 句中不作任何成分,也没有任何具体意思,因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略 She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting (注:在主句为动词be加某些形容词(如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等)作表语时,后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算就是宾语从句 ?I’m sorry (that)I don’t know 、 ?We’re sure (that) our team will win 、 I’m afra id (that)he won’t pass the exam)
宾语从句必须用陈述句语序:陈述语序即:主语+谓语/主语+系动词 由:由if或whether(or not )引导一般疑问句的宾语从句。 If与whether在句中的意思就是“就是否”。 注: 注意一下情况只用whether,不用if 1、 whether引导的从句常可以与or not直接连用。如: Let me know whether you can come or not、 2、当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导。如: Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell、 3、 whether可以引导带to的不定式。I don’t know whether to accept or refuse、 4、 whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后,作介词的宾语。 I worry about whether I hurt her feelings、
(完整版)英语中宾语从句用法及例句总结(完整)
宾语从句用法及其例句 宾语从句用法 时态： 1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。 3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 一、宾语从句的连接词 从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句, if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句. He told me (that he would) go to the college the next year 他告诉我他明年上大学. I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试. 连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. Do you know who has won Red Alert game? 你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏？ The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么. Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone? 你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗? 连接副词 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面. Could you please tell me how you use the new panel? 你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗? None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
定语从句分类详解
定语从句 一、限制性与非限制性定语从句 （一）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句是对先行词起补充说明作用。非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往有逗号割开。非限制性定语从句相当于并列句、状语从句等。如： I want this man, who (=for he) can speak English. He gave up the plan, which (=though it) was a very good one. I met John, who (=and he) told me the news. I will take this one, which (=for it) seems to be the best one. He has two sons, who work in the same pany. (He has only two sons.) He has two sons who work in the same pany. (Perhaps he has more than two sons.) (二)非限制性定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法 1、关系代词和关系副词在任何情况下都不能省略； 2、Who（主语），whom（宾语），which（主语、宾语）不能用that代替，也不能互相替 换； 3、介词+which/whom+从句结构中，介词不能移到从句的后面； 4、when, where可用于非限制性定语从句。 二、关系代词的用法 （一）关系代词的作用和分类 1、关系代词的作用有三个： （1）连接作用：关系代词引导从句，把它和主句连接起来； （2）替代作用：关系代词在从句中替代它前面的先行词； （3）成分作用：关系代词在从句中总是充当句子成分。 2、关系代词的用法分类 关系代词的用法与分类有三点依据： （1）根据所引导的从句的限制性和非限制性； （2）根据所替代的先行词是指人还是指物； （3）根据它在从句中所充当的成分----主语、宾语、表语或者定语。 （二）关系代词that和which的用法 1、限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词that的情况： （1）当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, the one时。如：
宾语从句用法讲解
宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句. 时态：1·主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时。 2·主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。 3·主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。 1.宾语从句的连接词 从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句. He told that he would go to the college the next year 他告诉我他下一年上大学. I don’t know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没人知道他是否会通过考试. 连接代词 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. Do you know who has won Red Alert game? 你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗? I don’t know whom you should depend on. 我不知道你该依靠谁. The book will show you what the best CEOs know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么. Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone? 你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗? 连接副词 连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面. Could you please tell me how you read the new panel? 你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗? N one of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到. 2.动词的宾语从句
中考英语宾语从句(附答案)
考点一：宾语从句的时态和语序 1、宾语从句的时态 （1）如果从句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么，宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如： ①“I know my parents care about me,” he says.他说：“我知道我父母关心我。” ②Now in China, he has found that his family ____________ a tall tree with long roots. 现在在中国，他已经发现他的家庭就像长有很长树根的一棵大树。 ③I am writing to say that I am against ____________ (build) a new zoo in our town. 我写信要说的是我反对在我们的镇上建一个新的动物园。 ④I remember that he _______________________(给了我一本书) yesterday. ⑤He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.
他已告诉我明天他要____________纽约了。 （2）如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），爸妈宾语从句要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。如： ①In 1991, Hepburn discovered that she had cancer.1991年，赫本发现她得了癌症。 ②Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after tea), was invented by accident?你知道茶，这个世界上最大众化的饮料(仅次于水)，是__________被发明的吗？ ③When I first ate in a western restaur ant, I didn’t know what I was supposed to do. 我第一次在西餐厅吃饭时，都不知道_____________________。 ④He told me that he __________ (will) take part in the high jump. ⑤She asked me if I _______________(已经拿了) her soap. （3）如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时。如： He told me that the earth ________ (go) around the sun. Didn’t your teacher tell you the moon ________ (be) smaller than the sun? 2、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述句语序。在把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时，要特别注意从句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。但要注意，当连接词在从句中作主语时，原问句的语序不变。如： ① Where is Tom from? Do you know? →Do you know where Tom is from? ② Who made you angry? Can you tell me? →Can you tell me who made you angry? ③“What is the matter with Tom?” Mary asked me. →Mary asked me what was the matter with Tom. 【真题链接】 1. (滨州) —Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you. —Thanks. I wonder ________. A. who the letter was from B. who was from the letter C. who was the letter from D. who from the letter was 2. (丽水) —I’m going to buy a car. Any advice, Charlie? —Well, it depends on ________. If money isn’t the problem, you can buy a BMW. A. when you will buy one B. how much you can afford C. what colour you like D. where you are driving 3. (北京) —Can you tell me ________ the prize, Tom?
语法宾语从句与介词宾语从句
1. 定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2. 构成：关联词+简单句 3. 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： (1) 从属连词that。 如： He told us that he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。 I know he has returned. 我知道他已经回来了。 注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that 不能省略。 A. Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. (and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。) 大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。 B. I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. (that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。) 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 C. That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe. (that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。) 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 D. We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. (主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。) 鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。 (2) 从属连词 if/whether。
十大从句类型
新托福写作——10大句型助你所向披靡 新托福写作中句型的结构是一项非常重要的评分标准，从句型结构丰富多变到用词简短一击即中，都是托福写作需要注意的。那到底什么样的句型才能到高分呢? 怎样做到句型丰富呢?通过归纳和总结，小编将下面这十种高分句型介绍给大家。不需要你全部都用上，因为只要用上几种就足以使你的写作成绩提高一个甚至几个档次。 第一：定语从句。 这应该算是写作中最常用的一种句型之一。适当地运用定语从句可以给你的文章增色不少。 例如，下面的这两个句子用上定语从句马上就变成了一个漂亮的复杂句。 Bad books contain evil thoughts. In them, there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex. → Bad books, in which there might be much description about violence, superstition, and sex, contain evil thoughts. 第二：状语从句。 在写作当中运用的最多的是以下五种状语从句，即原因状语从句，让步状语从句，条件状语从句，时间状语从句和目的状语从句。 1. 原因状语从句：常由because, as, since和for引导 Eg: Nonetheless, I am still in favor of space travel, for its merits far outweigh demerits. 尽管如此，我还是赞成太空探险，因为它的好处远远大于坏处。 2. 让步状语从句：常由although, though, even though/ if, as long as和notwithstanding引导 Eg: Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place. 尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。 3. 条件状语从句：常由if, on the condition that和providing that引导 Eg: If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared.
宾语从句最简单的讲法
宾语从句最简单的讲法 GE GROUP system office room 【GEIHUA16H-GEIHUA GEIHUA8Q8-
(一)宾语：放在实意动词之后的词，即为宾语。宾语可以由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。 I like my teacher.（名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语） I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语） I know him .（代词作宾语） （二）宾语从句： we know yaoming. We know that he is a 宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。 哪些句子可以做宾语？ 1.陈述句 he is a famous basketball player 2.一般疑问句 will our teachers attend the meeting ？ 3.特殊疑问句which coat did you want? 1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that 在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略 She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting
（注：在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句 I’m sorry (that)I don’t know . We’re sure (that) our team will win . I’m afraid (that)he won’t pass the exam） 2.一般疑问句做宾语 宾语从句必须用陈述句语序：陈述语序即：主语+谓语/主语+系动词 由：由if或whether（or not ）引导一般疑问句的宾语从句。 If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 注：注意一下情况只用whether，不用if 1. whether引导的从句常可以与or not直接连用。如： Let me know whether you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如： Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell. 3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。 I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
宾语从句用法详解
宾语从句用法详解 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 一、宾语从句用法 宾语从句的时态： 1．主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。可归纳为“主现从不现” 2．主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。可归纳为“主过从句过” 3．主句用过去时，从句是科学真理、客观常识、名人格言时用一般现在时。 4．情态动词could/would用于，“请求”，表示委婉、客气的语气时，从句不受主句的约束。 宾语从句的连接词 从属连词 连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether. that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句， if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句. He told me (that ）he would go to college the next year 他告诉我他明年上大学. I don't know if there will be a bus any more. 我不知道是否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam. 没有人知道他是否会通过考试. who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等. 连接代词一般指疑问，但what,whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述. Do you know who has won Red Alert game 你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么？ The book will show you what the best CEOs should know. 这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么. Have you determined whichever you should buy, a Motorola or Nokia cell phone 你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗． 连接副词 when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. He didn't tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面. Could you please tell me how you use the new panel 你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗 None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到. 二、动词的宾语从句 大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句 We all expect （that ）they will win, for members of their team are stronger. 我们都预料他们会赢，因为他们的队员更强壮. He told us （that）they would help us through the whole work. 他告诉我们在整个工作中，他们都会帮忙的.
1句子类型+四种从句
句子的类型 A简单句的结构： 1.“主语+谓语” I cried yesterday.昨天，我哭了。 Things change.事物是变化的。 2.“主语+系动词+表语” He and I are good students.他和我都是好学生。 The doctors seemed very capable.这些大夫看起来都很能干。 3.“主语+谓语(及物动词vt.)+宾语” I have finished my homework. She likes paintings and I like swimming. 4.“主语+谓语+宾语（名词）+宾语（名词）” We gave the baby a bath.我们给婴儿洗了个澡。 He passed me a basketball.他传给我一个篮球。 5.“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语” I found the book easy.我发现此书不难。 I heard him coming up the stairs slowly, as if he were carrying something heavy.我 听见他慢慢上楼来，好像扛着什么重的东西。 注： “间宾+直宾”与“宾补”的区别 a.如果一个句子中的某一个动词接了两个宾语，那么，指“人”的是间接宾语，指“物”的为直接宾语。而且，这两个宾语不能形成逻辑上的主谓关系 b.如果一个动词后所接的两个宾语能够形成逻辑上的主谓关系，则是宾语和宾补的关系 B 并列句的结构 并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句并列而成。常见的并列句的结构是：简单句+等立连词+简单句。 They were happy and they deserved there happiness.他们是幸福的，他们也该得到幸 福。 Hurry or you won’t make the train. 赶快，不然你就赶不上火车。 Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.蜜是甜的，但蜜蜂却会蜇人。
宾语从句的用法基础讲解
宾语从句的用法 【真题再现】 1. — Jack, could you tell me ___________ for traveling this summer?(2016 连云港) — We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan. A. where your family will go B. how will your family go C. how your family will go D. where will your family go 2. —Could you tell me ________?(2016 扬州) —In August, 2016. A. where will the Youth Olympic Games take place B. when will the Youth Olympic Games take place C. where the Youth Olympic Games will take place D. when the Youth Olympic Games will take place 3. — Could you please tell me ________?(2016 十堰) — Of course. Many people in Shiyan know it. A. where is Mount Wudang B. how can I get to Wulong River C. what is Shenlongjia famous for D. if there will be a new airport in Shiyan 4. —Do you know _________?(2016 重庆) —This afternoon. A. when will the policeman give us a talk B. where will the policeman give us a talk C. when the policeman will give us a talk D. where the policeman will give us a talk 5. I have some tickets for the basketball match. I wonder ______.(2016 河北) A. where you buy the tickets B. why you like to go there C. if you'd like to come along D. when you watch the match 6．She got a nice skirt as a present on her birthday．Do you know _______?(2016 呼和浩特) A．what was it made of B．how much did it cost C．who buys it for her D．where she bought it 7. — Do you know _________ the meeting?(2016 北京) — Tomorrow morning. A. when they had B. when they are going to have C. when did they have D. when are they going to have 8. I didn't know ______.(2016 武汉) A. when would the train arrive B. where could I get the book C. what has been done D. who left the message 9. —Could you tell me_______ yuanxiao in China?(2016 天津) —Usually at Lantern Festival. A. when do people eat B. how do people eat C. when people eat D. how people eat 10. I don't understand ______ such a silly question in class yesterday.(2016 广州) A. why did John ask B. why John asked
初中英语宾语从句知识点总结
初中英语宾语从句知识点总结（一） 考察的三个要点：语序，时态，关联词。 1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句。 3宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序。（who 作主语的从句本身就是陈述句语序） 4宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，连接宾语从句的连词有that（that 在口语中常省略）。 whether，if，和连接代词what， which， who， whom 及连接副词when， where， how， why。 He knew（that） he should study hard. 他知道他应该努力学习。 Can you tell me which class you are in？ 您能告诉我，您在哪一班吗？ He asked me if he could come in， 他问我他是否能进来。 5.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：一般那情况下可以省略。 He told us that he felt ill. I know he has returned.
注： that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。 1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. （and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。） 2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. （that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。） 3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.（that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。） 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。 （2）从属连词if/whether.如： I doubt whether he will succeed. I don’t know if you can help me. （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever， whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why. Who or what he was，Martin never learned. I wonder what he’s writing to me about. I’ll tell you why I asked you to come. 注意 1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。
初中从句类型(主要知识点)
初中从句类型 【宾语从句】 宾语从句由关系代词或关系副词引出。我们根据引导宾语从句的连词不同，可把宾语从句分为三类。 学习宾语从句,我们应该注意三个方面：连接词、语序和时态。 一、连接词 1. that引导宾语从句时,that只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,也没有词义,常可省略。如: ●I know(that) he is a Canadian athlete. 2. whether或if引导宾语从句时,whether或if在句中不充当句子成分,意为“是否”,不可省略。如: ●I don’t know whether/ if my parents agree with me. 注意:与or not直接连用时只能用whether不可用if。如: ●He didn’t say whether or not he would be staying here. 3. what, who, whose, which等连接代词和when, where, how, why等连接副词引导宾语从句时,这些词在从句中充当一定的句子成分,都有各自的词义,不能省略。如: ●He didn’t understand what the teacher said. ●I don’t know when we will have a meeting. 二、语序 1. 在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句须用陈述句语序。如: ●Do you know where he lives? 2. 当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, guess, suppose, imagine, expect等词时,宾语从句中的否定词常常转移到主句中,译为汉语时,仍把从句翻译成否定的意思。否定转移句的主语一般是第一人称。如: ●I don’t think (that) Tom is wrong. 我认为汤姆没错。 三、时态 1. 当主句的谓语动词是现在时态或一般将来时的时候,宾语从句的谓语动词可根据需要使用各种时态。但如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词也必须使用相应的过去时态。如: ●I want to know how he came yesterday. ●She asked if he was leaving for Beijing soon. 2. 宾语从句表述的是客观事实或普遍真理时,不管主句的谓语动词是什么时态,宾语从句仍使用一般现在时。如:●The teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth. 用法注意 一、if和when既能引导宾语从句,又能引导状语从句。因此,一定要认清它们一种形式的“两副面孔”,从而准确地判断句子的类型。如: I don’t know if / when he will come tomorrow. (宾语从句) If / When he comes, I’ll tell you about it.(状语从句) 二、宾语从句与简单句 含有宾语从句的复合句有时可以变为简单句。该知识点在句型转换的题型中经常会作为考点出现。现归纳如下: 1. 在某些由疑问词(why除外)引导的宾语从句的复合句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时,原复合句可以变为简单句。
英语宾语从句用法详细讲解
英语宾语从句用法详解初中英语分类练习——宾语从句 复习目标：1、掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词 2、掌握宾语从句的语序——主句+连接词+主语+谓语 3、掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。重点：语序和时态呼应难点：语序和时态呼应；疑问词+不定式的转化；状语从句的辨析 一、宾语从句的连接词： 1、连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。eg. He knew (that) he should work hard. 2、连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present. He asked me whether or not I was coming. 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided. ②在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. ③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not. 3、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in. I wonder where he got so much money. 【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. è I don’t know how to do with the presents. 2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型. 二、宾语从句的语序：宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?(╳) Can you tell me who(m) we have to see?( √) The teacher asked the students what they
宾语从句用法及练习(含答案)
宾语从句 在带宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句前面一般要有连词（有的可省略）引导。由that引出的宾语从句相当于陈述句；由whether/if引出的宾语从句相当于一般疑问句；由连接代词或连接副词引出的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句。但应该注意的是它们的语序都是陈述句语序。主句是陈述句时，句末不用问号。 1．由从属述连词that 引导的宾语从句。在口语和新正式文体中常省略that。例如： He said(that) he would be back. 他说他将回来。 We knew (that) he had made a mistake. 我们知道他犯了一个错误。 在某些be+形容词的结构后面也可以跟that引导的宾语从句。例如： I am sure that I have posted the letter. 我的确把那封信寄了. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是―是否‖。 例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 宾语从句要点 1．在三种类型的宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序，即主语+谓语动词+其它成分，句末用句号；但主句为疑问句时，句末用问号。 2．在带有宾语从句的复合句中，要注意主句和从句的时态的呼应。 1）当主句的谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句的谓语动词可用任何需要的时态。 2）当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，从句的谓语动词只能用过去时态范围内的某一种形式。 3）从句表示普遍真理时，即使主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也须用一般现在时。 4）在think, believe等动词引起的宾语从句中，如果否定的是后面的从句，一般要将主句动词改为否定形式，而从句仍然用肯定式。 例如： I don’t think you are right. 我认为你不对。 I don’t believe she will take part in the English evening. 我相信她不会参加英语晚会。 1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ________? A. where you buy it B. where do you buy it C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it 2.—Excuse me .Could you tell me_____ I can get to the Space Museum? --Of course. You can take bus No.1. A. where B. how C. if D. why 3.—Do you know ________the new mobile phone last week? --Maybe 900 yuan. I’m not quite sure. A. how much she paid for B. how much will she pay for C. how much did she pay for 4. Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life.And that’s ____ he succe eds .