人教版2020高考英语重难增分篇第四讲定语从句讲与练新人教版
第四讲定语从句
李仕才
第一课时知识过关课
1.在限制性定语从句中which，who，whom常可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常被省略。
2.在非限制性定语从句中，或者当先行词是指人的those，anyone，everyone，people，he，all，few，one(s)等时，不能用that引导。
3.以下情况下一般用that：
(1)当先行词是指物的all，little，few，much，any，anything，everything，nothing，none，the one时，或先行词被all，little，few，much，any，every，no等修饰时。(2)先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时，或者先行词被序数词(包括last，next)、形容词最高级及the only，the very等修饰时。
(3)先行词包括人和物时。
4.当先行词是表示时间、地点、原因(且只能是reason)等，且这些先行词在定语从句中作状语时，就分别用when、where、why来引导定语从句。另外，when，where，why一般可用“介词＋which”替代，其中reason后的why通常用for which替代。
[注意] 当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的词语时，不一定填关系副词when，where，why，只有当这些词在定语从句中作状语时，才用关系副词，否则要用关系代词。
5.当先行词是整个主句或主句的一部分时，这类非限制性定语从句只能由which或as来引导。两者的区别在于：
(1)which引导的定语从句只能位于主句后，而as引导的定语从句可位于主句前、中、后。
(2)which常译作“这”；而as常译作“正如”，且多与see，expect，imagine，know，hope 等动词连用。
(3)在定语从句中作主语时，若用as，其谓语部分一般有be；若谓语是不含be的行为动词时，要用which。
(4)as引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事，而which不受此限制。
(5)as常用于固定搭配中：as is often the case(这是常有的事)；as we expected(不出所料)；as often happens(正如经常发生的那样)；as is known to all(众所周知)；as has been said before(如上所述)；as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等等。
读语篇，悟语法。反复朗读下列短文，领悟画线和黑体部分。思考：引导定语从句的关系词是如何确定。
It was the__summer__of__2012,__when[1] I came to Guangning No. 1 Senior High School.Our school is a__wonderful__place,__where[2] I can see a lot of beautiful buildings and a large square.Our__classroom,__the__roof__of__which[3] looks like a rocket in the distance, is located in the center of our school.The__main__reason__why[4]I like our school is that I can make many friends.I can get along with my__classmates here, two__of__whom[5] are my best friends.Jack，who[6]comes from Tanbu Junior High School, is very active. He likes various__sports，among__which[7]he likes running very much.He__will__run__5__kilometers__every__day，which[8]makes him look strong.Nick，whose[9]father is a teacher in Lianhe Junior High School, studies very hard.We often talk about the__people__and__the__things that[10] we see in our school.Nick prefers the__food that[11]is made in our canteen.The__teacher whom[12]he likes is Mr. Zhang, our math teacher, while my beloved teacher is my English teacher, Miss Chen. To be honest, I gradually fall in love with our school.
1.先行词是the summer of 2012，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when (＝in which，during which)引导定语从句。
2.先行词是a wonderful place，在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where (＝at which)
引导定语从句。
3.先行词是Our classroom，直接在介词of后作其宾语，先行词是物时，只能用which。the roof of which中的of表所属关系，意为“我们教室的屋顶”。
4.先行词是the main reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，只能用why引导。
5.先行词是my classmates，直接在介词of后作其宾语，先行词是人时，只能用whom。two of whom中的of表示部分与整体的关系，意为“我的同班同学中的两个人”。
6.先行词是Jack，在定语从句中作主语，用who引导。
7.先行词是various sports，直接在介词among后作宾语，只能用which。
8.先行词是He will run 5 kilometers every day整个句子，并在从句中作主语，用which 引导。
9.先行词是Nick，在定语从句中作定语，表示Nick’s，用whose引导。
10.先行词是the people and the things，既包括人又包括事物，通常只用that引导。
11.先行词是the food，在定语从句中作主语，故用that或which引导。
12.先行词是the teacher，在定语从句中作likes的宾语，故用whom引导。
Ⅰ.单句填空(用适当的关系词填空)
1.Is this the reason that he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
2.Is this the reason why he was so careless in his work?
3.The reason why he didn’t come was that he was ill.
4.He lives in a village which is not far from the city.
5.He lives in the village where he was born.
6.A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
7.In an hour, we travel to places where we can relax and get refreshed.
8.The place which interested me most was the Children’s Palace.
9.The place where he had a good time last Sunday was the Children’s Palace.
10.I’ll never forget the days when we studied together.
Ⅱ.单句改错(下列每句中有一处错误，每处涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改，请指出并改
正。)
1.There was a time t hat he didn’t get along well with his classmates.that→when
2.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of who agreed that it was the best of this year.who→whom
3.The earthquake was felt in Beijing, that is more than two hundred kilometres away.t hat→which
4.This is the best method which has been used against pollution.which→that
5.The school shop, which customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.which→whose
6.Which is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.Which→As
7.The Great Wall was built in a time that countries were at war.that→when
8.She told her mother she would not marry anyone that she didn’t love.that→whom
9.The school which I studied was 3 kilometers away from my home.which→where/在which前加上at
10.The reason why he gave for not coming was that his mother didn’t allow him to.why→which/that
Ⅲ.语篇填空(在下面空格处填入1个适当的连接词，使结构完整，语意通顺。) There was a time 1.________ I was tired of learning English and disliked speaking English.And this is the reason 2.________ my father forced me to join in a 30－day training in an English club before I went to senior high school.When I first came to the club，3.________ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately, my guide，4.________ teacher was Li Yang，communicated with me face to face, from 5.________ I gained some useful instructions.He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there. Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6.________ we did. My father and the guide 7.________ encouraged me to fall in love with English should be appreciated.Now I feel it interesting to learn English, into 8.________ I put my entire energy.Every day I will read my words and passages aloud.In class I will join in English
discussions.Before I go to sleep, I will recall my passages, through 9.________ I can memorize a large number of new words.10.________ our English teacher says，“As long as we form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, we will conquer English sooner or later.”
【语篇导读】本文讲述了作者参加的一次英语学习培训的经历以及这次经历带给他的对英语学习态度的转变。
1.when [先行词是时间，并在从句中充当时间状语。]
2.why [先行词reason表示原因，并在从句中充当原因状语。]
3.where [引导地点定语从句，先行词club是一个地点。]
4.whose [引导定语从句，并且在定语从句中作定语，意思是“他的老师是李阳”。]
5.whom [根据句子结构和前面from可知填whom。]
6.that/which [根据先行词activities表示事情且在从句中作宾语，可知填that/which。]
7.who/that [从先行词和句子结构可知，who/that作主语。]
8.which [根据前面的介词into以及先行词English可知，填which。]
9.which [根据前面的介词through可知填which，which在这里是指代前面整个句子。]
10.As [引导定语从句，意思是“正如”。]
第二课时高考研究课
定语从句在语法填空中的考查点
规律方法
方法一一“找”，二“还”，三“替换”
?找：就是先把句子分为主句和从句两部分，再找出先行词和关系词。
?还：根据先行词提示的意思，把定语从句还原为完整的一句话。(可以添词)
?替换：用关系词替换定语从句中还原后添加的部分，作主语和宾语用关系代词，作状语用关系副词。(时间状语用when，地点状语用where，原因状语用why。同初中时做的“对画线部分提问”相似，该用what的时候用which/that即可)
例如：
①This is the school ________ I once studied.
②This is the school ________ is the most famous in the city.
③I am studying at a school ________ my father teaches English.
找：(略)
还原：根据先行词的提示，这三句话的定语从句还原成完整的一句话后分别为：
①I once studied at the school.
②The school is the most famous in the city.
③My father teaches English at the school.
黑体部分为根据先行词的意思把关系词还原后的部分。
替换：根据“对画线部分提问”的规则，①和③用where，②本该用what，在定语从句中该用what的要换为which/that。因此，答案为：①where；②that/which；③where。
方法二根据定语从句的先行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作的句子成分来确定关系词。若在从句中作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若作状语就用关系副词。
真题验证1
1.Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both，________ is not good for the health. (2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
答案which [which引导非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语，指代前面主句的内容。]
2. But Sarah，________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)
答案who [根据句子结构可知，此处应是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Sarah，在从句中作主语，故关系代词用who。]
3.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden，________ it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长)through it.(2017·浙江卷)
答案where [根据句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the garden，在从句中作地点状语，故要用关系副词where。]
4. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，________ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC., influenced the development of chopsticks.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)答案who [句中先行词为the great Chinese scholar Confucius，定语从句中缺少主语，故填who。]
5.But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid－1980s，
________ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)
答案when [句中先行词为the mid－1980s，定语从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。] 6.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)
答案that/which [句中先行词为the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River，定语从句中缺少主语，故填which/that。]
7.When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market ________ people from the towns met regularly.(2015·广东卷)
答案where [句中先行词为the market，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。]
8.Many young people, most of ________ were well－educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.(2016·江苏卷改编)
答案whom [句中先行词为many young people，定语从句中缺少主语，且所填关系词为介词of的宾语，故填whom。]
9.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon ________ school education depends.(2015·安徽卷改编)
答案which [句中先行词为the fundamental skill，定语从句中缺少宾语，且所填关系词为介词on的宾语，故填which。]
定语从句在短文改错中的考查点
规律方法
第一步：判断是否为定语从句，what不引导定语从句是常考点；
第二步：判断是何种定语从句，that不引导非限制性定语从句是常考点；
第三步：分析关系词在定语从句中所作成分，关系词混用是常考点。
真题验证2
1.In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)________
答案that→which[关系词的混用。that不能够引导非限制性定语从句，故改为which。] 2.The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.(2016·四川卷)________
答案what→that/which，或者去掉what [首先判断dishes后面的从句为定语从句，what
不引导定语从句；其次定语从句中缺少宾语。]
3.Having tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner，that might not be served until 8 o’clock at night.(全国卷Ⅱ)________
答案that→which[关系词的混用。that不能够引导非限制性定语从句，故改为which。]
第三课时写作增分课
定语从句在写作中的增分点
一、用as作关系代词写句子
1.起初，我认为李老师有点怪，因为他总是问一些没人能回答的问题。(kind of odd, such questions as)
At__first,__I__thought__Mr.__Li__was__kind__of__odd,__because__he__was__always_ _asking__such__questions__as__no__one__could__answer.
2.他不是一个把今天能做的事拖到明天做的人。(such a man, put off...till tomorrow) He__isn’t__such__a__man__as__puts__off__what__he__can__do__today__till__tomorr ow.
3.我们应当读一些使我们明智的书。(such books as, wiser)
We__should__read__such__books__as__make__us__wiser.
4.在我生日那天，我收到了像母亲承诺的那样好的一件礼物。(receive as good a gift) On__my__birthday,__I__received__as__good__a__gift__as__my__mother__had__promise
d.
二、用as, which引导非限制性定语从句写句子
1.我发现一个老人躺在马路上，我乘出租车立即把他送到了医院，这就是那天上午我迟到的原因。(find somebody doing, take...to)
I__found__an__old__man__lying__on__the__ground__and__I__took__him__to__hospital __in__a__taxi__immediately,__which__was__why__I__was__late__that__morning.
2.正如一句谚语所说，“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”如果没有一个强壮的身体，一个人会一事无成。(saying, a sound body, achieve)
As__a__saying__goes,__“All__work__and__no__play__makes__Jack__a__dull__boy.”_ _Without__a__sound__body,__one__cannot__achieve__anything.
3.正如图表所显示的那样，这个城市的空气质量在过去两年越来越糟。(as is shown in the
chart, the air quality)
As__is__shown__in__the__chart,__the__air__quality__of__the__city__has__become__ worse__and__worse__in__the__past__two__years.
4.在汉语演讲比赛中获得一等奖，这我做梦也没有想到。(win the first prize, Chinese speech competition, beyond my wildest dreams)
I__won__the__first__prize__in__the__Chinese__Speech__Competition,__which__was__ beyond__my__wildest__dreams.
三、使用非限制性定语从句写高级句子
1.我们的学校，位于内乡西北角，有34年历史。(be located in, have a history of) Our__school,__which__is__located__in__the__northwest__of__Neixiang,__has__a__hi story__of__thirty－four__years.
2.我们学校里的老师，大多数都是三十多岁，把他们一切都奉献给了我们。(in one’s thirties, devote oneself to)
The__teachers__of__our__school,__most__of__whom__are__in__their__thirties,__hav e__devoted__themselves__to__us.
3.我们学校有四千多名学生，大多数都能用心学习。(the majority of, put one’s heart into)
There__are__more__than__4000__students__in__our__school,__the__majority__of__wh om__put__their__hearts__into__their__studies.
4.我为我们的学校而感到自豪。我相信，在这里，如果我们好好学习的话，一定会考上名牌大学。(be proud of, there is a good chance that, be admitted to)
I__am__proud__of__our__school,__where__I__am__sure__if__we__do__our__best,__the re__is__a__good__chance__that__we__can__be__admitted__to__the__best__famous__un iversities.
四、综合运用定语从句知识写句子
1.但是，现在许多公司关心的却是怎样挣到更多的钱，不管环境受到怎样的破坏。(all, care about, make money, no matter how seriously)
However,__all__that__many__companies__care__about__is__how__to__make__more__mon ey,__no__matter__how__seriously__the__environment__is__damaged.
2.我的家乡已不再是十年前的那个小村庄了，那时到处都是破旧房子，人们食不果腹。(the
little village, when, old houses, hardly feed themselves)
My__hometown__isn’t__the__little__village__what__it__was__ten__years__ago,__wh en__there__were__old__houses__everywhere__and__people__could__hardly__feed__the mselves.
3.那个小学的许多学生，他们的父母在遥远的大城市打工，不得不由他们的祖父母照看，而他们的祖父母许多连自己都照顾不了。(work as migrant workers, be taken care of) Many__students__of__the__primary__school,__whose__parents__are__working__as__mi grant__workers__in__big__cities__far__away,__have__to__be__taken__care__of__by_ _their__grandparents,__many__of__whom__can__hardly__take__care__of__themselves.
4.他是那些学生中唯一一个连续三次获得一等奖的学生。(the only one, win the first prize, in a row)
He__is__the__only__one__of__the__students__who__has__won__the__first__prize__(f or)__three__times__in__a__row.
5.参观你所在的城市是一次难忘的经历，一次我将永远珍惜的经历。(visiting your city, one, value for the rest of my life)
Visiting__your__city__is__an__unforgettable__experience,__one__I__will__value__ for__the__rest__of__my__life.
定语从句专项练习题及详解50题
定语从句专项练习题及详解50题 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who
高一英语定语从句教案
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高一英语经典定语从句专项练习题及答案解析 解析练习 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 参考答案及解析 1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。 2．C. "和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。 3. D. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
(完整版)高一定语从句专项练习及答案与详细解析
定语从句专项练习 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with
英语人教版九年级全册定语从句语法课教学设计和反思
定语从句语法课教学设计和反思 一、设计背景 1．初步掌握及运用定语从句，如让学生用定语从句来完成对人物喜欢的人物进行描述，如I like music that I can dance to. She is the only one who’s studying French.等。 2．本课的学习任务就是能初步掌握及运用定语从句，为了使学生顺利地完成教学任务，教师以学生为主体，为学生设计了几个以他们的认知水平出发的符合生活实际的他们感兴趣的一环扣一环的子任务，每个子任务紧紧围绕总任务展开，再深入，在一个一个完成任务的活动中培养学生的能力。 二．教学目标 （1）语言目标：能用定语从句较自如地描述及谈论人和物。在活动中训练学生的听力，口头表达能力，培养学生的观察，想象和创造力。 （2）情感目标：促进同学间积极合作交流，发展同学间的友谊。 2．教学方法：多媒体的运用能创设真实的语言情景，学生也很感兴趣，极大地鼓动了学生学习英语的积极性，而且呈现在课堂上能使教学更生活化，也更直观和具体。 三、教学方法 以学生为主体，用多媒体辅助教学，通过帮助学生理解、归纳、总结、讨论等方式学习定语从句，由于本节课是学生第一次系统学习定语从句，要达到让学生初步掌握定语从句这一目的。 四、学法指导、自主学习、合作学习 五、教学过程 第一环节：观察以下例句： 1. The red pen is broken. 2. The pen on the desk is broken. 3. The pen that I bought yesterday is broken. 导入：通过对定语的理解，导入定语、定语从句的概念，定语：用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子，当修饰词是一个句子时被称为定语从句。通常置于它所修饰的词之后，这种被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中只用作状语。 例句分析： I like to have friends who are like me. I like to have friends who are different from me. He is the only one who is studying French. Be careful of the person who doesn’t speak and the dog that doesn’t bark. You can’t wake up a person who pretends to sleep. He who can’t get to the Great Wall is not a true man. I like musicians who play different kinds of music. Another that he found very difficult is grammar. The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. Being a professional athlete is the only thing that I have ever wanted to do. I like music that I can sing along with. I like music that has great lyrics. I like music that I can dance to. 得出结论1)当先行词是物时