高中英语试题(详细解答版)
本试卷共三部分，满分120分。考试时间120分钟。
【注意事项】
1. 答卷前，考生务必分别将答题卷上的姓名、考试号用黑色字迹的签字笔填写，用2B铅笔将考试号对应的信息点涂黑。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Poetry, one of the essential art forms of literature(文学), is a brief and easy way to express our feelings. Moreover, everyone understands it in their own way. Some find relief in poems; some read them simply for peace; some read poems for simple artistic pleasure.
There are some special features of poetry, which make it quite different from other forms of literature. First of all, poems have rhythmic patterns. Generally most parts of a poem follow the same form of rhythm. Poems may have rhyme, but they don't have to. The lines are neatly arranged together so that they express a particular feeling or emotion.
There can be various types of poems but according to the pattern or the form, there are mainly three types:
Lyrics(抒情诗): The lyric mainly concentrates on human thoughts and emotions rather than a story. Lyrics always bear song-like appeal. These are mainly short poems. Popular lyric poem forms are the elegy, the ode and the sonnet. William Shakespeare, Edmund Waller and Keats are some of the greatest lyric writers of all times.
Narrative poems(叙事诗) : This type of poetry tells a story. Narrative poems are usually long poems. Epics(史诗) and ballads fall under this type. Some of the greatest epic poets are John Milton, Dante, Edgar Allan Poe, Alexander Pope, William Shakespeare, etc.
Dramatic poems(戏剧诗) : Any drama that is written in verse is a dramatic poem. These poems generally tell a story. Black verse, dramatic monologue(独白) and closet drama belong to this type. William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Jonson are some of the greatest dramatic poets.
Whatever the form is, one thing, which cannot be denied, is that poetry is one of the most powerful tools to express our feelings.
1. What do we know about lyrics?
①They are similar to songs.
②They usually tell stories.
③They are not very long.
④The sonnet is a type of lyrics.
A.①②③
B.②③④
C.①②④
D.①③④
2. We can know from the text that .
A. poems are weak in showing feelings
B. some poets write more than one type of poem
C. narrative poems are shorter than lyric poems
D. the sonnet and the ballad belong to the same type
3. This passage is written mainly to .
A. tell us some simple facts about poetry
B. teach us how to write poems
C. give some advice on reading poems
D. make us interested in poems
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种文学艺术：诗歌的三种形式，以及它们的主要特征。
1. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Lyrics always bear song-like appeal. These are mainly short poems. Popular lyric poem forms are the elegy, the ode and the sonnet.”可知①③④项正确，只有②不正确，故选D。
2. B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的“William Shakesp eare, Edmund Waller and Keats are some of the greatest lyric writers of all times.”和第五段的“Some of the greatest epic poets are John Milton, Dante, Edgar Allan Poe, Alexander Pope, William Shakespeare, etc.”可知，莎士比亚创作过不止一种诗歌，故选B。
3. A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章大意和第一段的“Poet ry, one of the essential art forms of literature, is a brief and easy way to express our feelings.”可知，作者写本文是想向读者介绍有关诗歌的知识。故选A。
B
School is a place that is familiar to everyone. Let’s find out what American students do in school.
An official dance party is held about twice a year in high schools in the United States. When the final football game is over for the season there is a homecoming party. Sometimes, students select a king from among the football players, and a queen from among the girls. Every student can attend and have fun with the help of their teachers. Sometimes, students, called bookworms, to the surprise of the other students, come to the party in a beautiful dress.
The most exciting party that students can go to would have to be a dance party. Students attend it in dresses similar to those of Hollywood stars and the atmosphere is comparable to an Oscar Award party. Since such a party is for seniors, students usually stay up the night trying to enjoy their last year in high school.
In American schools, instead of the teachers going to different rooms, students have their own class schedules(课程表) and go to different classrooms. When a student is away from school, they must have an explanation for being away along with the signature(签名) of a parent. The signed paper is then handed in to the school office. High school drop outs and students being expelled(除名) are not that uncommon in the States. High absences without excuses are one of the reasons why students are expelled from school. American students also enjoy a number of activities out of school like cheer-leading(拉拉队), student government and a host of different sports.
4. Whose presence at the homecoming party can make others amazed?
A. The king and the queen acted by students.
B. The laziest student in study.
C. The teacher who offers advice.
D. Students who study hardest.
5. Why do students hold the dance party till the next morning?
A. Because they would like to dance and sang madly.
B. Because this is the only chance that they get dressed like film stars.
C. Because students make it as exciting as an awarding party of Oscar.
D. Because this perhaps is the last chance that they can enjoy their school life.
6. According to the passage, American students in school ________.
A. study in the same classroom
B. have the same class with each other
C. attend different classes in different places
D. wait for their teachers in their class
7. What is this passage mainly about?
A. The organizing of dance parties.
B. Homecoming party.
C. How to ask for a leave.
D. School life in America.
4-7. DDCD
C
When I first entered college, I was afraid that I was not “up to it”. I was afraid of being away from my family for the first time. Here I would have to make friends with strange people and perhaps also compete with them for grades in courses I would take. Were they smarter than I was? Could I keep up with them? Would they accept me?
I soon learned that my life was now up to me. I had to set a study program if I were to succeed in my courses. I had to regulate the time I spent in my study and socializing. I had to decide when to go to bed, what to eat, and with whom to be friendly. These questions I had to answer for myself.
At first, life was rough. I made mistakes in how I used my time. I also made mistakes in how I chose my first friends in college. Shortly, however, I had my life under control. I managed to get myself to class on time, do my homework and hand them in, and pass my first exams with satisfying grades. In addition, I developed a circle of friends with whom I felt comfortable and could share my fears. I set up my own routine, one that really met my needs.
As a result, I began to look upon myself from a different perspective(视角). I began to see myself as a person responsible for myself and responsible for my friends and family. It felt good to make decisions and see them turn out to be wise ones. I guess thi s is what people call “growing up”.
What did life have in store for me? At that stage in my life, I was really uncertain where I would go and what I would do with the years ahead of me. But I knew I would be able to handle what was ahead because I had successfully overcome the major problem in my life: I had made the change from a person dependent on his family to a person who was responsible for himself.
8. The author was anxious about his college life at first because ______.
A. he hated to get on with strangers
B. he was at a loss in the new surroundings
C. he lacked some specialist knowledge
D. he was afraid of making mistakes in front of others
9. We can learn from the author’s early experience at college that ______.
A. he got used to the new life without much trouble
B. he lost the ability to handle things independently
C. he came to realize he should be in charge of his own business
D. he was a failure in many aspects except in school performance
10. The author’s college life finally brought him a sense that ______.
A. he became a person caring for others
B. he was smarter than his fellow students
C. he brought confidence back in making decisions
D. he could deal with his personal matters independently
11. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Memories of My Time in College
B. College: A Turning Point in My Life
C. My Colorful College Life
D. College Life Brings Me Pressure
8-11. BCDB
D
I used to think the whole purpose of life was pursuing happiness. Everyone said the path to happiness was success, so I searched for that ideal job, that perfect boyfriend, and that beautiful apartment. But instead of ever feeling fulfilled, I felt anxious and lost. Eventually. I decided to go to graduate school for positive psychology to learn what truly makes people happy.
我曾经认为生活的全部目的就是追求幸福。每个人都说通往幸福的道路就是成功，所以我开始寻找理想的工作、完美的男友和漂亮的公寓。但我非但没有感到满足，反而感到焦虑和失落。最终。我决定去积极心理学的研究生院学习什么能真正让人快乐。
And what’s the difference between being happy and having meaning in life? Many psychologists describe happiness as a state of comfort and ease, feeling good in the moment. Meaning, though, is deeper. The famous psychologist Martin Seligman says meaning comes from belonging to and serving something beyond yourself and from developing the best within you. Our culture is obsessed with happiness, but I came to see that seeking meaning is the more fulfilling path.幸福和有意义的生活有什么区别?许多心理学家把幸福描述为一种舒适安逸的状态，即在某一时刻感觉良好。然而，意义是更深层次的。著名的心理学家马丁·塞利格曼(Martin Seligman)说，意义来自于对自己之外的事物的归属和服务，来自于发掘自己最好的一面。我们的文化痴迷于幸福，但我发现，追寻意义才是更充实的道路。
There are four pillars(支柱) of a meaningful life.有意义的人生有四大支柱。
The first pillar is belonging. Belonging comes from being in relationships where you're valued for who you are and where you value others as well. For many people, belonging is the most essential source of meaning.第一根支柱是归属。归属感来自于这样一种关系，在这种关系中，你因为你是谁而被重视，你也因为别人而被重视。对许多人来说，归属感是最重要的意义来源。
For others, the key to meaning is the second pillar: purpose. Finding your purpose is not the same thing as finding that job that makes you happy. A doctor told me her purpose is healing sick people. Many parents tell me, “My purpose is raising my children.” The ke y to purpose is using your strengths to serve others. Without something worthwhile to do, people flounder, thus losing the aim of life.对另一些人
来说，意义的关键在于第二个支柱:目标。找到你的目标和找到让你快乐的工作不是一回事。医生告诉我她的目的是治疗病人。许多父母告诉我，“我的目的是养育我的孩子。达到目标的关键是利用你的优势为他人服务。没有值得做的事情，人们就会挣扎，从而失去生活的目标。
The third pillar of meaning is also about stepping beyond yourself, but in a completely different way: transcendence(超然). Transcendent experiences can change you. Transcendent states are those rare moments when you’re lifted above the hustle and bustle of daily life, your sense of self fades away, and you feel connected to a higher reality. For me, I’m a writer, and it happens thr ough writing. Sometimes I get so in the zone that I lose all sense of time and place.意义的第三个支柱也是超越你自己，但是以一种完全不同的方式:超越。卓越的经历可以改变你。超然的状态是那些罕见的时刻，当你从日常生活的喧嚣中解脱出来，你的自我感消失，你感到与一个更高的现实相连接。对我来说，我是一个作家，这是通过写作实现的。有时候我太投入了，以至于完全忘记了时间和地点。
The fourth pillar is storytelling, the story you tell yourself about yourself. Creating a narrative from the events of your life brings clarity. It helps you understand how you became you. But we don’t always realize that we’re the authors of our stories and can change the way we’re telling them. Your life isn’t just a list of events. You can edit, interpret and retel l your story, even as you’re constrained by the facts.第四个支柱是讲故事，你告诉自己关于自己的故事。从你生活中发生的事情中创造一个故事会使你的思路清晰。它帮助你了解你是如何成为你自己的。但我们并不总是意识到我们是故事的作者，我们可以改变我们讲述故事的方式。你的生活不只是一连串的事件。你可以编辑、解释和复述你的故事，即使你受到事实的限制。
That’s the power of meaning. Happiness comes and goes. But when life is really good and when things are really bad, having meaning gives you something to hold on to.这就是意义的力量。快乐来了又走。但是，当生活真的很好，当事情真的很糟糕的时候，有意义会让你有东西可以坚持。
12. What can we know from the first two paragraphs？
A. Life might be fulfilled by landing ideal jobs．
B. Life dilemma is challenging for us to get out of．
C. Meaning is highly valued in our culture．
D. Happiness is what most people try to achieve．
13. Which word is the closest to the underlined word?
A. Confused
B. Distracted
C. Disappointed
D. Saddened
14. Which pillar can describe an artist obsessed with her work despite repeated failures? 哪一根柱子可以描述一个屡遭失败却仍对自己的作品着迷的艺术家?
A. Belonging
B. Purpose
C. Transcendence 超越
D. Storytelling
15. The passage aims to tell us that _______________．
A. meaning is superior to happiness
这篇文章的目的是告诉我们，生活的意义高于幸福。
B. meaning is the way to success
C. chasing meaning can make people happy
D. meaning has deeper psychological significance
【答案】12-15. DACA
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章说明了追求快乐对于生活的重要性，但作者认为
更重要的是找寻生活本身的价值和意义。
【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中I used to think the whole purpose of life was pursuing happiness．我认为人生的目的是追求幸福。Eventually，I decided to go to graduate school for positive psychology to learn what truly makes people happy．最终，我决定去研究生院学习什么真正让人们幸福的积极心理学，可知第一段第二段主要向我们说明了大多数的人们在追求幸福。故选D项。
【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段中The key to purpose is using your strengths to serve others. Without something worthwhile to do, people flounder, thus losing the aim of life. 没有值得做的事情，人们就会…，从而失去生活的目标。失去生活目标是人们没有值得做的事时会不知所措或者迷茫，因此推断划线词flounder意为“困惑，不知所措”。故选A项。
【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段中Transcendent experiences can change you. Transcendent states are those rare moments when you're lifted above the hustle and bustle of daily life, your sense of self fades away, and you feel connected to a higher reality. 卓越的经历可以改变你。超然的状态是那些罕见的时刻，当你从日常生活的喧嚣中解脱出来，你的自我感消失，你感到与一个更高的现实相连接。可知，超然可以描述一个屡遭失败却仍对自己的作品着迷的艺术家。故选C项。
【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中That’s the power of meaning．Happiness comes and goes．But when life is really good and when things are really bad，having meaning gives you something to hold on to．可知幸福来了又去，但是有意义可以使你坚持下去，由此可知意义比幸福更重要。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Choosing the right college for you is not so easy. You should have a general idea of what you want and don’t want. The idea can guide you to find what fits your needs best. __16__ Think about what major you want to study in college. If you know that, just look at colleges that have your major. __17__ So think carefully about your major and interests before choosing one.
Where the college is located matters. Anyone who tells you the location isn't important is lying. __18__ If you look forward to working in the publishing industry, New York may be your best bet. If your parents want you to stay close to home，please don’t consider anywhere that requires a plane ticket to get to.
Think about how much you can afford. Are your parents paying for your education? If so, how much are they willing to spend? Do you have to contribute anything? Financial aid and scholarship exist, but don’t count on anything. __19__ These are all things to consider before you fall in love with a college.
Make sure you’re going to spend time with the right people. The cool thing about college is that each different one attracts different kinds of people. For the first thing in your life, you get to choose where you get to spend your time and who you get to spend it with. __20__ Make sure that the people you’re with for four years are your kind of people.
A．College is about learning what you love.
B．You’d better choose a major that is popular.
C．Go to the college with some people you like.
D．Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?
E．Remember, above all，it’s the people that make the place.
F．If you don’t like cold weather, stay away from northern schools.
G．These guidelines will help you figure out what college you want to go to.
【语篇解读】16-20. GAFDE
本文主要介绍了几个关于如何选择大学的问题。
16．G。承接上文“The idea can guide you to find what fits your needs best.”可推知，空白处同时起到了承接下文的作用，所以选G项。
17．A。由下一句“So think carefully about your major and interests before choosing one.”可知，要根据自己的兴趣选择专业，所以选A项。
18．F。根据本段首句“Where the college is located matters.”可知，大学所在地的选择很重要，所以选F项。
19．D。根据“Think about how much you can afford.”和“Financial aid and scholarship exist，but don't count on anything.”可推知，选择大学要对学费有所考量，所以选D项。
20．E。根据“Make sure you're going to spend time with the right people.”和“For the first thing…spend it with.”可推知，选择大学要考虑将会遇到的同学，所以选E 项。
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was about twelve, I suddenly developed a great passion(热情；激情) for writing poetry(诗). I gave up all my other hobbies, such as 21 stamps and spent all my 22 time reading poetry and writing it. This habit of writing poetry on every possible time soon got me 23 trouble at school. If a lesson did not interest me, I 24 take out my notebook and 25 poems in class. Of course I 26 this very cautiously(小心地), but it was not 27 I got caught. One day while I was 28 writing a poem during a geography lesson, I looked up 29 the teacher standing over me, fuming with anger (=getting very angry) because I was not 30 attention. He tore the poem up, with a 31 not to waste time in his lesson. 32 I felt certain that I had written a good poem, 33 that evening I wrote it out again from 34 . Not long after, I read 35 a poetry contest and I decided to send in my poem. Weeks later, long after I had given up 36 , I got a letter informing me I had won the first 37 . Everyone at school was very impressed, 38 the geography teacher, who 39 me more carefully than ever. He 40 that I not write poetry in his class!
21. A. gathering B. collecting C. keeping D. picking
22. A. spare B. important C. extra D. other
23. A. with B. to C. into D. on
24. A. might B. ought to C. should D. would
25. A. start writing B. ought to C. should D. would
26. A. wrote B. was writing C. was doing D. did
27. A. long ago B. long before C. soon after D. soon before
28. A. busy at B. busy over C. busy D. busy with
29. A. to find B. finding out C. to look for D. searching
30. A. calling B. devoting C. giving D. paying
31. A. notice B. look C. warning D. word
32. A. At the same B. All the same
C. At the time
D. The same as
33. A. so B. and C. as D. since
34. A. brain B. memory C. mind D. reciting
35. A. through B. in C. from D. about
36. A. success B. courage C. hope D. wish
37. A. victory B. position C. prize D. gift
38. A. except B. besides
C. as well as
D. especially
39. A. guarded B. watched C. observed D. inspected
40. A. suggested B. requested C. promised D. insisted
参考答案：21-30. BACDA DBCAD 31-40. CBABD CCABD
【语篇解读】
本文为一篇记叙文，属于故事类文章。讲述了作者写诗的经历。作者对写诗很痴迷，在地理课上偷偷写诗被老师发现并受到警告，后来作者在诗歌大赛中获得了一等奖。但老师对他却看得更紧了。
21. B 考查动词。collect stamps（集邮），符合语境，故选B。
22. A 考查形容词。根据句意可知我花费自己的空闲时间读诗和写诗，故选A。
spare空闲的；extra额外的。
23. C 考查介词。此处为短语get sb into trouble＂使某人陷入麻烦＂，故选C。
24. D 考查情态动词。此句为if的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，由于从句
为一般过去时，故主句用过去将来时，故选would。
25. A 考查动词时态。此从句与take并列，故用动词原形，故选A。
26. D 考查动词时态。此句缺少谓语，并且描述过去的动作，故用一般过去时，
选D。
27. B 考查状语从句连接词。此句为句型it was not long before（不久就......），故
选B。
28. C 考查形容词短语。本句为短语be busy (in) doing sth.“忙于做某事”，故选C。
29. A 考查动词非谓语形式。根据本句，我抬头结果却发现老师正站在我旁边，
充满愤怒，此处为不定式作结果状语，表出乎意料的结果，故选A。
30. D 考查动词。此处为短语pay attention＂注意＂，故选D。
31. C 考查名词。老师撕碎了写着诗歌的纸，同时警告我不要在他的课堂上浪费时间，根据句意可知为警告，故选C。notice通知；word单词，话语，消息。32. B 考查副词短语。此处为短语all the same＂尽管如此，仍然＂，尽管如此，
我还是认为自己写了一首好诗，故选B。
33. A 考查连词。根据上下文可知前后两句属于因果关系，故选A。
34. B 考查名词。那天晚上我又凭着记忆把这首诗写了出来，故选B。brain大脑；
memory记忆；mind头脑，心思；reciting背诵。
35. D 考查介词。我读到一个关于诗歌比赛的信息，故选D。
36. C 考查名词。几周后，在我放弃希望很久之后，收到了一封信，通知我获得
了第一名，故选C。success成功；courage勇气；hope希望；wish愿望。
37. C 考查名词。几周后，在我放弃希望很久之后，我收到一封信，通知我获得
了第一名，故选C。the first prize＂第一名＂；victory胜利；position位置，职位；gift礼物。
38. A 考查介词。学校里每个人都对我印象深刻，除了地理老师，根据本段最后
一句，可以得出老师并没有改变其看法，故选A。
39. B 考查动词。自我得奖之后，地理老师更加注意我了，故选B。guard保卫；
watch注视，监视；observe观察，庆祝；inspect检查，视察。
40. D 考查动词。他坚持要求不能在他的课上写诗，根据句意可知选insist＂坚持
要求＂，故选D。suggest建议，暗示；request要求；promise承诺。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Marty is a disabled but 41._________(fair) positive person who never feels sorry for 42.____________ and has learned to adapt to his disability. Marty always 43.____________ (consider) he has a good life. He is realistic 44.____________ his disability but he never stops doing as much as he 45.____________. He keeps himself busy 46.____________ (do) things like writing and computer programming that do not require physical strength. He has friends with 47.____________ he can go to movies and football 48.____________ (match) and he has lots of pets. He also studies hard. He is a 49.____________ (mental) strong and independent boy. Marty is able to live as rich and full 50.____________ life as everyone else.
答案：41. fairly42. himself43. considers44. about45. can
46. doing47. whom48. matches49. mentally50. a
第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and a writer. He wrote around 480 books where included mystery stories，science and history books. But he is better known for his science fiction stories. He had an extraordinarily imagination that gives him the ability to explore future worlds. Besides，he searched explanations of everything，in the present and the past，with an amazed mind. Throughout his life，Asimov received many award. He married two. He married his first wife in 1942 and married again in 1973. In 1992，he died of New York.
参考答案：
Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and a\ writer. He wrote around 480 included mystery stories，science and history books. But he is books where
that/which
better best known for his science fiction stories. He had an extraordinarily
extraordinary
imagination
that gives
gave him the ability to explore future worlds. Besides，he searched ∧
for
explanations of everything，in the present and the past，with an amazed
amazing
mind.
Throughout his life，Asimov received many award
awards . He married two
twice
. He married
his first wife in 1942 and married again in 1973. In 1992，he died of
in
New York.
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是高二学生李华，学校将为高一新生举办主题为“Attitude and Success”的英语沙龙活动，特请你准备一份英语发言稿。内容包括：
1．积极的人生态度的重要性；
2．如何培养积极的人生态度。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Boys and girls，
Good morning！It is a great honor to be here to share my opinions on“Attitude and Success”．
...
That’s all. Thank you.
[佳作欣赏]
Boys and girls，
Good morning！It is a great honor to be here to share my opinions on “Attitude and Success.”
As we all know，a positive attitude is the key to success. If we abandon all the negative thoughts，we’ll enjoy a happy and successful life.
How to develop a positive attitude？First of all，let’s always look at the bright side of life. Never lose hope even if we encounter setbacks. Second，we should learn to laugh more. As Victor Hugo once said，“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.”
Life is like a mirror. Smile at it，and it will smile back at you. Let’s keep an optimistic attitude and defeat various challenges. We will achieve success sooner or later.
That’s all. Thank you.