一、大学英语六级考试概述

一、大学英语六级考试概述
一、大学英语六级考试概述

一、大学英语六级考试概述

1. 试卷构成

大学英语六级考试由四个部分构成:l)听力理解;2)阅读理解;3)改错或完型填空;4)写作和翻译。

各部分测试内容、题型和所占分值比例如下表所示:

2. 题型分解

大学英语六级考试各部分所考核的内容、题型、答题方式如下:1)听力理解

听力理解部分测试学生获取口头信息的能力。录音材料用标准的英式或美式英语朗读,语速约为每分钟l50词。听力部分分值比例为35%,其中对话占15%,短文占20%。考试时间35分钟。

对话部分(Listening Conversations)包括短对话和长对话,均采用多项选择题的形式进行考核。短对话约有7~8段,每段为一轮对话和一个问题;长对话有两段,每段为7~10轮对话和3~4个问题;对话部分共l5题。每段对话均朗读一遍,每个问题后留有13秒的答题时间。

短文部分包括多项选择题型的短文理解(Listening Pas-sages)和复合式听写(Compound Dictation)。多项选择题型的短文有3篇,每篇长度为240~260词,朗读一遍,每篇3~4题,共10题,每个问题后留有13秒的答题时间。复合式听写测试考生在不同层面上(从词汇到语篇层面)的听力理解能力。这部分测试采用一篇240~260词的短文,删去若干个单词和句子,全文朗读三遍。要求考生根据听到的内容填写所缺信息,所缺单词必须用原词填写,所缺句子信息既可按原文填写,也可用自己的语言表述。

2)阅读理解

阅读理解部分包括仔细阅读(Reading in Depth)和快速阅读(Skimming and Scanning),测试学生通过阅读获取书面信息的能力;所占分值比例为35%,其中仔细阅读部分25%,快速阅读部分l0%。考试时间40分钟。

仔细阅读部分要求考生阅读3篇短文。两篇为多项选择题型的短文理解测试,每篇长度为400~450词。一篇为选词填空(Banked Cloze)或简答题(Short Answer Questions)。选词填空篇章长度为250~300词,简答题篇章长度为400~450词。仔细阅读部分测试考生在不同层面上的阅读理解能力,包括理解主旨大意和重要细节、综合分析、推测判断以及根据上下文推测词义等。多项选择题型的短文后有若干个问题,考生根据对文章的理解,从每题的四个选项中选择最佳答案。选词填空测试考生对篇章语境中的词汇理解和运用能力。要求考生阅读一篇删去若干词汇的短文,然后从所给的选项中选择适当的词汇填空,使短文复原。

简答题的篇章后有若干个问题,要求考生根据对文章的理解简洁地(少于10个词)回答问题或完成句子。

快速阅读部分采用l~2篇较长篇幅的文章或多篇短文,总长度约为1200词。要求考生运用略读和查读的技能从篇章中获取信息。略读考核学生通过快速阅读获取文章主旨大意或中心思想的能力,阅读速度约每分钟120词。查读考核学生利用各种提示,如数字、大写单词、段首或句首词等,快速查找特定信息的能力。快速阅读理解部分采用的题型有是非判断、句子填空、完成句子等。

3)改错或完型填空

改错(Error Correction)和完型填空(Cloze)测试学生各个层面上的语言理解能力及语言综合运用能力。

改错部分要求考生根据对文章的理解,运用语篇、语法和词汇知识,辨认文章中出现的语言错误并加以改正。改错部分的短文长度为250~280词,分值比例为10%,考试时间15分钟。

完型填空部分的短文有20个空白,空白处所删去的词既有实词也有虚词,每个空白为一题,每题有四个选择项。要求考生根据对文章的理解,选择一个最佳答案,使短文的意思完整和结构正确。完型填空部分的短文长度为250~300词;分值比例为10%,考试时间l5分钟。

4)写作和翻译

写作(Writing)和翻译(Translation)部分测试学生用英语进行书面表达的能力,所占分值比例为20%,其中写作15%,翻译5%,考试时间35分钟。

写作选用考生所熟悉的题材。考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等,写出一篇不少于l50词的短文。写作要求是思想表达准确、意义连贯、无严重语法错误(作文评分原则及标准详见附件)。考试时间30分钟。

翻译部分为汉译英,共5个句子,一句一题,句长为l5~30词。句中的一部分已用英文给出,要求考生根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语。考试时间5分钟。翻译须符合英语的语法结构和表达习惯,要求用词准确。翻译部分的样题详见第五部分(第42页)。

3. 选材原则

命题的语料均选自英文原版材料,包括日常生活中的对话、讲座、广播电视节目、报刊、杂志、书籍、学术期刊等。选材的原则是:

1)题材广泛,包括人文科学、社会科学、自然科学等领域,但所涉及的背景知识应为学生所了解或已在文章中提供;

2)体裁多样,包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等;

3)仔细阅读篇章难度适中,快速阅读、听力、改错和完型填空的篇章难度略低;

4)词汇范围不超出《教学要求》中较高要求的词汇,超出该范围的关键词汇,影响理解时,则以汉语或英语释义。

二、大学英语六级考试考核的语言技能及要求

1. 听力理解

听力理解部分考核学生获取口头信息的能力,包括理解主旨大意、重要事实和细节、隐含意义,判断话语的交际功能、说话人的观点、态度等。听力理解部分考核的技能是:

A 理解中心思想和重要细节

1)理解中心思想

2)听懂重要的或特定的细节

3)判断说话人的观点、态度等

B 理解隐含的意思

4)推论隐含的意义

5)判断话语的交际功能

C 借助语言特征理解听力材料

6)辨别语音特征,如从连续的话语中辨别语音,理解重音和语音语调等

7)理解句间关系,如比较、原因、结果、程度、目的等

大学英语六级考试听力理解部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中的较高要求,即“能基本听懂英语国家人士的谈话和讲座,能听懂题材熟悉、篇幅较长的国内英语广播或电视节目,语速为每分钟l50词左右,能掌握其中心大意,抓住要点和相关细节。能基本听懂外国专家用英语讲授的专业课程。”

2. 阅读理解

阅读理解部分考核学生通过阅读获取书面信息的能力,包括理解主旨大意、重要事实和细节、隐含意义,判断作者的观点、态度等。阅读部分考核的技能是:

A 辨别和理解中心思想和重要细节

1)理解明确表达的概念或细节

2)理解隐含表达的内容(如总结、判断、推论等);通过判断句子的交际功能(如请求、拒绝、命令等)理解文章意思

3)理解文章的中心思想(如找出能概括全文的要点等)

4)理解作者的观点和态度

B 运用语言技能理解文章

5)理解词语(如根据上下文猜测词和短语的意思)

6)理解旬间关系(如原因、结果、目的、比较等)

7)理解篇章(如通过词汇及语法承接手段在文章中所起的作用来理解篇章各部分之间的关系)

C 运用语言技能理解文章

8)略读文章,获取文章大意

9)查读文章,获取特定信息

大学英语六级考试阅读理解部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中的较高要求,即“能基本读懂英语国家大众性报刊杂志的一般性题材的文章,阅读速度达到每分钟70词。在快速阅读篇幅较长的材料时,阅读速度达到每分钟120词。能就阅读材料进行略读或查读。能阅读所学专业的综述性文献,并能正确理解中心大意,抓住主要事实和有关细节。”

3. 写作和翻译

写作和翻译部分考核学生用英语进行书面表达的能力。写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作,思想表达准确、意义连贯、无重大语法错误;翻译部分要求考生用正确的语法结构和符合英语习惯的表达,将单句中的汉语部分译成英语。写作部分考核的技能是:

A 思想表达

1)表达中心思想

2)表达重要或特定信息

3)表达观点、态度等

B 篇章组织

4)围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述,突出重点

5)连贯地组句成段,组段成篇

C 语言运用

6)运用恰当的词汇

7)运用正确的语法

8)运用合适的句子结构

9)使用正确的标点符号

10)运用衔接手段表达句子之间和段落之间关系(如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等)

D 写作格试

11)运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式大学英语六级考试写作部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中的较高要求,即“能就一般性的主题基本表达个人观点,能写所学专业论文的英文摘要,能撰写所学专业

的英语小论文。能描述各种图表,能在半小时内写出l60词的短文,内容完整,条理清楚,文理通顺。"六级考试中未将翻译作为一个独立的技能进行考核。翻译部分主要考核学生运用正确的词汇和语法结构并按英语习惯表达思想的能力。

4. 关于词汇和语法结构

大学英语六级考试中,词汇和语法知识将融入各部分试题中,不再单独列项考核。要达到大学英语六级考试所考核的各项技能要求,考生掌握的词汇量应达到5500个单词和1200个词组。

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