初中英语形容词和副词的用法

初中英语形容词和副词的用法
初中英语形容词和副词的用法

形容词

一 .定义:用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。

二. 形容词的作用,见下表:

注意:(1)有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如:Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone.

(2)当形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代

词,要放在这些词的后面。

例如: You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room.

(3)多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是: 1)冠词或人称代词 2)数

词 3)性质 4)大小 5)形状 6)表示老少,新旧 7)颜色 8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。

例如:His grandpa still lives in this small short house. 他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。

The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。

(4)形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用

复数。这类词有:rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ;

living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。

例如:The young should take good care of the old. 年轻人应该好好照顾老人。

三.以-ly结尾的形容词

1)大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。

2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词,如daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early等。

如:The Times is a weekly paper. 《时代周刊》为周刊。

The Times is published weekly. 《时代周刊》每周发行一期。

四、比较级:(1)原级比较;

当表示“A和B一样\不一样”时:用A +be+ as +adj.原级 +as +B 结构;

当表示“A是B的……倍”时,用A +be+倍数+ as +adj.原级 +as +B 结构;

当表示“A是B的一半”时,用A +be+ half + as +adj.原级 +as +B 结构;

(2)两者之间比较时,用A +be+ 形容词比较级 +B 结构;如:My room is bigger

than his room.

(3) 当三者或多个对象比较时,用A +be+ the +形容词最高级 +of+名词复数;

如:Tom is the highest students in our class;

(4)表示“越……,越……”时,用“the +比较级,the +比较级”;

(5)表示“越来越……”时,用“比较级 +比较级”结构;

(6)表示“最……的……之一”时,用“one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数”机构;

【注意】:这些程度副词 a little, a bit, a great deal, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等可修饰比较级,放在其前;

五:形容词副词的比较级和最高级的构成:

单音节词的比较级在词后+ er; 最高级+ est; 如:long—longer—longest;

多音节词的比较级在词前+ more, 最高级在词前+ most; 如:beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful;

副词

一、副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。

二、副词的分类:(1)时间副词:today, now, already, soon, yet..等; (2) 地

点副词:here, there, home, out..等;

(3) 方式副词:well, quietly, quickly…等; (4) 程度副词:much, rather, too, enough…等;

(5) 疑问副词\关系副词:when, where, how, why…等;(6)频度副词:often, hardly, usually, never, once..等;

(6) 其他副词:perhaps, also, only…等;

三、副词的位置:

1)在实义动词之前。 2)在be动词、助动词之后。 3)多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。

【注意】: a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。例如:

We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。

b. 方式副词well,badly,hard等只放在句尾。例如: He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。

四、副词的排列顺序:

1)时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。

2)方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。例如:Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些,仔细一些

3)多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

【注意】:(1) 副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。

(2) 副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如:

I don\'t know him well enough. 他我不熟悉。 There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供每个人吃。

五、兼有两种形式的副词

1) close与closely: close意思是"近";closely 意思是"仔细地"。例如: He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。 Watch him closely. 盯着他。

2) late 与lately: late意思是\"晚\";lately 意思是\"最近\"。例如: You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。 What have you been doing lately 近来好吗

3) deep与deeply: deep意思是\"深\",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,\"深深地\"。例如:

He pushed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。

Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。 4) high与highly: high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。例如:

The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。 I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。

5) wide与widely: wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是\"广泛地\",\"在许多地方\"。例如:

He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。 English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。

6) free与freely: free的意思是\"免费\";freely 的意思是\"无限制地\"。例如:

You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候,我这饭馆免费对你开放。

六、各种类型副词的位置

英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同,它的位置比较灵活。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法:

(1)多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如:He runs slowly.

(2)时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如:They went to the park yesterday morning.

I heard him sing English songs over there.

【注意】:有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首,起强调作用。如:Yesterday I got up late. 昨天我起床很晚。

(3)频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后,实义动词之前。如:He is seldom ill.

You must always remember this. I often write to my parents.

【注意】:有时为了加强语气,频度副词也可放在句首。如:

Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.

(4)程度副词修饰动词时,与频度副词相同,修饰形容词和副词时,放在它所修饰的词前面。如:

I nearly missed the bus.

(5)否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如:

She seldom goes out at night. 她晚上很少出门。 I am never late for school. 我上学从不迟到。

(6)疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如:When can you come你什么时候来(7)同时存在时间和地点状语时,时间状语一般放在后面。如:The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.

注:有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如:late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等;

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级 (一)规则变化: 1.绝大多数的单音节和少数双音节词,加词尾-er ,-est tall—taller—tallest 2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice—nicer—nicest , able—abler—ablest 3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词或少数双音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est big—bigger—biggest 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词,改y为i再加-er,-est easy—easier—easiest 5.少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er,-est clever—cleverer—cleverest, narrow—narrower—narrowest 6.其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级 easily—more easily—most easily (二)不规则变化 常见的有: good / well—better—best ; bad (ly)/ ill—worse—worst ; old—older/elder—oldest/eldest many / much—more—most ; little—less—least ; far—farther/further—farthest/furthest

用法: 1.原级比较:as + adj./adv. +as(否定为not so/as + adj./adv. +as)当as… as中间有名字时,采用as + adj. + a + n.或as + many / much + n. This is as good an example as the other is . I can carry as much paper as you can. 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时放在as的前面 This room is twice as big as that one. 倍数+as+adj.+as = 倍数+the +n.+of Your room is twice as larger as mine. = Your room is twice the size of mine. 2.比较级+ than 比较级前可加程度状语much, still, even, far, a lot, a little, three years. five times,20%等 He is three years older than I (am). 表示“(两个中)较……的那个”时,比较级前常加the(后面有名字时前面才能加冠词) He is the taller of the two brothers. / He is taller than his two brothers. Which is larger, Canada or Australia? / Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? 可用比较级形式表示最高级概念,关键是要用或或否定词等把一事物(或人)与其他同类事物(或人)相分离 He is taller than any other boy / anybody else.

(英语) 中考英语形容词专项训练100(附答案)

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初中英语形容词与副词总复习

初中英语形容词与副词总复习

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形容词、副词用法专题精讲 Ⅰ形容词 一、形容词的一般用法 1.作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。例如,It’s a cold and windyday. 2.作表语,放在系动词的后面。例如,He looks happy today. 3.形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。 例如,Would you like something hotto drink? 4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。例如,Howlong is the river?Its abouttwo hundred metres long. 5.只能作表语的形容词:afraid害怕;alone独自的;asleep睡着的;awake醒着的;alive活着的;well健康的;ill病的;frightened害怕的例如,The man is ill.(正) The ill man is my uncle.(误) 6.只能作定语的形容词:little小的;only唯一的;wooden木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的 例如,Myelder brother is in Beijing.(正) My brother is elder. (误) 7.貌似副词的形容词:lonely独自的;friendly友好的;lively生动的;lovely可爱的 8.复合形容词:snow-white雪白的English-speaking说英语的;glass-topped玻璃罩的;full-time全日制的;well-known众所周知的;kind-hearted善良的;man-made人造的;take-away可以带走的;ten-year-old十岁的。 二、多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为: 限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)——描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,长幼,颜色)——出处——材料性质——类别——名词 A small roundtable一张小圆桌Atallwhite building一幢高大的白色建筑物 A dirtyold black shirt一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣 A famousAmerican medical school一个非常著名 的美国医学院 三、形容词常用句型 1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。 注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有礼貌的),cl ever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)等。例如,It’svery kindof you to helpme.(=Youare very kindtohelp me.)你能帮助我,真好。 It’s very rudeof herto say such words.(=Sheis very rude to say suchword s.)她说这样的话,真粗鲁。?It’s foolish ofhim to go alone.(=Heis foolishto goalone.)他单独出去太傻了。 2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。 注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的),necessary(必要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),h ard(艰难的),dangerous(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impo

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(英语)初中英语形容词专项训练及答案及解析

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初中英语形容词与副词 专项练习题 1. He is one of __________ basketball players in the NBA. A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular 2. We had _______ players. They had eleve n while we had only nine! A. less B. more C. fewer 3. Many boy stude nts thi nk math is ____ En glish. A. much difficult tha n B. so difficult as C. more difficult tha n 4. The play is the _____ one I have ever see n. A. worse B. bad C. best 5. The air is gett ing much ____ than a few years ago. A. clea n B. clea nest C. clea ner 6. The Chan gjia ng River is one of _______ i n the world. A. the Iongest river B. the Iongest rivers C. Iongest river 7. —The doctor told me not to eat too much. —He's right. ________ you eat, you will be. A. The less; the healthier B. The less; the more healthier C. The more; the healthier 8. Chicago isn't so famous ____ Wash ington. However, it's the third ______ c ity in the USA. A. like; largest B. as; largest C. as; large 9. I am good at math, but his En glish is ______ tha n mine. A. much better B. more better C. very better 10. Beijing is one of __________ cities in the world. A. the biggest B. bigger C. biggest 11. Win ter is coming. The weather is getting ___ . A. colder and colder B. cold and cold C. more and more colder 12. Hainan is a very good island. It's the second ________ island in China. A. largest B. large C. larger 13. Kate is as ________ as Maria. A. tall B. taller C. tallest 14. The blue shirt books _______ better on you than the red one. A.quite B.more C.much 15. Lucy did n't make mistakes in the math exam. She is ____ in my class. A. the most careful B. the most careless C. more careful 16. 一Who do you think is ______ actor? 一I think Zhao Benshan is. A.funniest B. most funny C. the funniest 17. There isn't an airport near where I live. The ______ one is about 90 miles away. A. busiest B. farthest C. n earest 18. I know this plan is far from perfect, but I just can't think of _____ one. A. a better B. the better C. a best 19. My grandpa told a good story, but I told a _____ one.

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初中英语形容词试题经典及解析 一、初中英语形容词 1.— I am ___tired, but I still have _________ clothes to wash. —Cheer up, mom. Let me help you. A. too much; too many B. much too; many too C. too much; much too D. much too; too many 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:——我太累了,但我还有很多衣服要洗。——振作起来,妈妈。我来帮你。 too much太多的,修饰不可数名词;too many 太多的,修饰不可数名词,too 是加强much和many一起;much too,非常,太,修饰形容词/副词/动词,much是加强too的语气。根据第一个空后有形容词tired,要用much too;第二个空格后有clothes,可数名词,要用too many。故选D。 【点评】考查much too/too much/toomany固定短语用法区别。注意根据修饰词的词性。做出正确的选择。 2.—You haven't said a ________ word since last Friday. What's wrong? —Nothing. Just leave me alone. A. simple B. single C. similar D. silent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——自从上周五你没有说一句话,怎么了?——没事,仅仅让我单独待会。A.简单的;B.单一的;C.相似的;D.沉默的。根据Just leave me alone.仅仅让我单独待会,可知没有说一句话,say a single word,说一句话,故选B。 【点评】考查形容词辨析,注意平时识记其词义,理解句意。 3.We're very about the graduation ceremony next Saturday, we can't wait to be there. A. boring B. bored C. excited D. exciting 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:对下周六的毕业典礼我们都非常激动,我们迫不及待地想去那里。A无聊的,B感到无聊,C感到激动,D激动的,根据我们迫不及待地想去那里应是感到激动,修饰人用的结尾的形容词,故选C。 【点评】考查形容词辨析,注意 excited 的用法。 4.—What do you think of the environment in your hometown? —It's Both the air and the water are badly polluted. A. not bad B. as good as before C. much better than before D. not as good as before 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:——你觉得你家乡的环境怎么样?——没有以前那么好,空气和水都被严重污染了。从 Both the air and the water are badly polluted判断前面说的是不如以前好,not so...as表示不如,比不上,中间跟形容词原级。故选D。

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