2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题15-特殊句式(高效演练)

专题15 特殊句式——高效演练

一．单句语法填空

1.____________ seems to be intense competition among students to enter a key university.

【解析】：句意：学生们进入重点大学的竞争似乎很激烈。考查there be句型。there be句型中的be有时可用seem to be等替换。

【答案】：There

2．After the major earthquake he was surprised at ____________ hungry people were for mental and emotional help.

【解析】：句意：大地震之后，他惊讶于人们那么迫切地需要精神和情绪上的帮助。本题介词at后接宾语从句，且宾语从句为感叹句，how后接形容词hungry；短语be hungry for意为“对......渴望/渴求”。

【答案】：how

3.Not until recently they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.

【答案】：did

【解析】根据时间状语"recently"及动词encourage可知本句应用一般过去时。"Not until+状语"位于句首时,句子采用部分倒装。故填助动词did。

4.If (accept)for the job, you’ll be informed soon.

【答案】accepted

【解析】句意:如果你被录用做这份工作的话,你会很快收到通知的。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句谓语部分有be动词时,状语从句的主语和be动词可以省略。该题中的条件状语从句补充完整为If you are accepted for the job。

5.No sooner Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.

【答案】had

【解析】句意:莫言一走上舞台,观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。此句中使用了no sooner.结构,意思是"一……就……",当no sooner位于句首时,其后的句子常用倒装语序,根据broke可知,空处应用had来构成过去完成时。

6.It was the culture, rather than the language, made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.

【答案】that

【解析】句意:是文化,而不是语言,让他难以适应国外的新环境。本句是强调句型,被强调部分是主语。

7.(observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.

【答案】Observe

【解析】句意:在实验室做实验时要认真观察是否有任何变化发生。分析句子结构可知,本题的主干为祈使句。

8.Not until he went through real hardship he realize the love we have for our families is important.

【答案】did

【解析】句意:经历过真正的苦难之后,他才意识到我们对家人的爱很重要。"Not until+状语从句"位于句首时,主句要部分倒装;此外,根据语境可知,主句与从句的谓语动词都表示过去发生的动作,且不强调两个动作的先后顺序,所以此处用一般过去时,因此助动词用did。

9.It was only after he had read the papers Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.

【答案】that

【解析】句意:只有在看了文件之后,Gross先生才意识到他面前的这项任务极难完成。将题干中的It was和空格去掉后,剩余部分仍能构成一个完整的主从复合句,显然题干为强调句型,所强调的是after引导的时间状语从句,所以此处应用that构成强调句型的基本框架,that没有实际意义,也不作成分。

10.If (ask) to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.

【答案】asked

【解析】句意:如果别人让你看行李,立马通知警察。本题中,if引导的条件状语从句中省略了主语you和be

动词are,从句的完整形式应为If you are asked to…else。从句主语与主句主语相同,且从句谓语含有be动词时,从句主语和be动词可以一同省去。综上可知本题填asked。

11.Some of you may have finished Unit One. so, you can go on to Unit Two.

【答案】：If

【解析】考查省略。句意:你们中的有些人可能已经完成了第一单元。如果这样的话,你们可以继续第二单元。此处是if条件句的省略,if so"如果这样的话"。

12.Between the two generations, it is often not their age, but their education causes misunderstanding. 【答案】that

【解析】句意:这两代人之间,引起误会的往往不是年龄而是教育。此处为强调句型"it is/was...that..."。被强调部分为:not their age, but their education。故此空填that。

13.One of my favorite sayings is, "(laugh) and the world laughs with you."

【答案】Laugh

【解析】我最喜欢的一句谚语是:"欢笑,世界与你一起欢笑。"本句采用了"祈使句+and+陈述句"句型,设空处为

祈使句,故用动词原形。

14.Seldom they watch TV those days; instead, they chatted with each other after supper.

【答案】did

【解析】句意:那些日子他们很少看电视,而是在晚饭后一起聊天。本句否定副词Seldom置于句首,此时句子要用部分倒装;结合语境判断本空用一般过去时,与后面的chatted呼应。

15.seems to be much more support for the new policy among college students than among officials.

【答案】：There

【解析】句意:大学生对这项新政策的支持似乎比官员的支持要多一些。这里用了There be句式的变化形式There seems to be,本空填There。

16.And our country should invest more money on the development of TCM(Traditional Chinese Medicine); (make) sure it is not going to fade away.

【答案】make

【解析】句意:我们国家应该投入更多的钱来发展传统中医药,确保它不会逐渐消失。分号后面是祈使句,用动词原形开头。

17.And is Tai chi that has helped her understand the value of "going slowly".

【答案】：it

【解析】此处是强调句型:It is + 被强调的成分+ that + 其他。故填it。

18.No sooner(have)I got to the station than the train left.

【答案】had

【解析】考查倒装。句意:我一到站火车就启动了。no sooner...than...表示"一……就……",前面的主句通常使用过去完成时,后面的从句使用一般过去时,如果将no sooner 提到主语前,前面的主句要部分倒装,即had 提到主语前,从句语序不变。

19.It was not until dark he found what he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.

【答案】that

【解析】考查强调句。该题考查的是not until的强调句式:It was not until+被强调部分+that+其他。其中,he found后面是宾语从句,从句中what he thought 是what引导的主语从句。

20.Follow your doctor’s advice, your illness will get better.

【答案】and

【解析】考查"祈使句+and+陈述句"句型。句意:听从医生的建议,你的病会好转的。"祈使句+and+陈述句"是固定句型,祈使句相当于if 引导的条件状语从句。

21．It was last Saturday ________ we visited the History Museum．

【答案】that

【解析】此句为强调句型，其中被强调的部分是last Saturday。

22．When ________ (return) home, I met my old friend Paul in the street．

【答案】returning

【解析】句意：当我回家时，我在街上遇到了我的老朋友保罗。return的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且I 与return之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填现在分词形式。when returning home是when I was returning home 的省略。

23．Only in this way ________ I learn English well．

【答案】can

【解析】句意：只有用这种方法，我才能学好英语。当only用在句首强调状语时，句子要用部分倒装，强调主语时，句子不倒装。

24．I won't go to the party tonight even if ________(invite)．

【答案】invited

【解析】此句中even if后省略了I am, invite的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且I与invite之间存在被动关系，因此应用invited。

25．Not only ________ I interested in the photography, but I took a course at university．

【答案】am

【解析】句意：我不仅对摄影感兴趣，在大学里我还上过摄影课。not only位于句首时，所在分句用部分倒装，且此处描述现在的情况，故填am。

26．Jim is a student; ________ is Tom．

【答案】so

【解析】句意：吉姆是一名学生，汤姆也是。指前者情况也适用于后者，意为“某人也……”，表肯定意义，用so＋助动词＋主语。

27．I can't swim well; ________ can Jim．

【答案】neither/nor

【解析】句意：我不擅长游泳，吉姆也不擅长。指前者情况也适用于后者，并且指否定意义时，用neither/nor ＋助动词＋主语。

28．________ (knock) at the door before you enter my room, please．

【答案】Knock

【解析】句意：进我的房间前请你先敲门。本句为祈使句，故用动词原形。

29．I have no idea why it is ________ he will go there with her．

【答案】that

【解析】句意：我不知道他为什么要跟她去那里。idea后面是why引导的同位语从句，为强调句型。30．Though ________(surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome．

【答案】surprised

【解析】此句是连词后省略了“主语＋be”。此句中though后省略了the professor was，因此应填形容词surprised。

31．I drove ________ slowly as possible in the heavy traffic．

【答案】as

【解析】本句中含有as ．．．as possible的省略结构，意为“尽可能……”。

32．Only ________ he apologizes for his rudeness will I speak to him again．

【答案】when/if

【解析】句意：只有当他为自己的无礼道歉时，我才会再次跟他说话。“only＋状语从句”位于句首时，主句需用部分倒装。根据句意可填when/if。

33．The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, ________ will he even give it a thought．

【答案】nor/neither

【解析】句意：校长不会允许课程变化，他甚至也不会去考虑。“nor/neither＋助动词＋主语”是部分倒装结构，意为“……也不……”。

34．At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialingjiang River ________ (lie) Chongqing, one of the ten largest cities in China．

【答案】lies

【解析】介词短语“At the meeting place of ．．．”放在句首作地点状语时，句子要用完全倒装语序。句子的主语为Chongqing，且叙述客观事实，故填lies。

35．The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________ (not)．

【答案】not to

【解析】句意：这个司机想把车停在路边，但被警察告知不要这么做。此处是省略，空格处补全为not to park his car near the roadside。

36．One talk with Tom, I believe, ________ you will find he is outgoing．

【答案】and

【解析】句意：和汤姆谈一谈，我相信你会发现他是外向的。本题是“名词短语＋and＋陈述句”的结构，and 表示顺承关系，故填and。

37．________ (devote) to finding ways to make music accessible to all children is Ms Thompson with a touring company of professional musicians．

【答案】Devoted

【解析】此句为倒装句。还原为“Ms Thompson with a touring company of professional musicians is devoted to

finding ways to make music accessible to all children．”

38．Up till now, there has been no scientific evidence about ________ it was that caused the death of dinosaurs．【答案】what

【解析】句意：到目前为止，还没有科学证据证明是什么导致了恐龙的死亡。这里强调了恐龙灭绝的原因，即what，因此这是强调句型的特殊疑问句式。

39．I finally got the job I dreamed about．Never in my life ________ I feel so happy．

【答案】did

【解析】句意：我最终得到了我梦想的工作。我一生中从来没有这么高兴过。never放在句首，句子用部分倒装，结合前面的got可知，填did。

40．I went to the classroom as usual．But there, next to my desk, ________ (sit) a girl I had never seen before．【答案】sat

【解析】句意：我像平常一样去了教室。但是，在我桌子旁边坐着一个我以前从没见过的女孩。表示地点方位的状语位于句子开头，主语如果是名词，则句子用全部倒装。

41．He said he ________ see a woman in black walking out of the office building just now．

【答案】did

【解析】句意：他说他的确看到了一个黑衣女子从办公大楼走出来了。分析句子可知，此处是对谓语动词see的强调，根据时间状语“just now”可知，应该用did表示强调。

42．Hardly ________ (have) she sat down when she heard someone knocking the door．

【答案】had

【解析】句意：她刚刚坐下，就听到有人敲门。hardly ．．．when ．．．表示“一……就……”，hardly放在句首，用部分倒装。从句使用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。故填had。

43．Are you free tonight? If ________，I'd like you to meet Tom, my new friend from the States．

【答案】so

【解析】句意：今晚你有空吗？如果有空的话，我想让你见见我的美国新朋友汤姆。if so “如果这样的话”，so替代上文的全部内容，避免重复。

44．________ Tom shared his idea with us, we would have made more progress．

【答案】Had

【解析】句意：如果汤姆和我们分享他的想法，我们会取得更大的进步。此处是if引导的非真实条件状语从句，使用虚拟语气，省略了if，并将had提前的用法。故填Had。

45．At the top of the hill ________ (stand) an ancient tower, which dates back to the Song Dynasty．

【答案】stands

【解析】句意：在山顶上有一座古塔，它可追溯到宋朝。表示地点的介词短语放在句首，句子用全部倒装。句子的主语是an ancient tower, 故填stands。

46．Child ________ he was, he was able to stand on his own feet．

【答案】as/though

【解析】句意：尽管他是个孩子，但是他已经能够自立了。分析前面的“Child ________ he was”可知，是一个由as/though引导的让步状语从句，故填as/though。

47．She dare not say what she thinks, ________ she?

【答案】dare

【解析】主从复合句的反意疑问句部分中的主语和动词需要根据主句确定，当陈述部分的dare是情态动词，反意疑问句部分也用dare，此复合句中主句是否定句，故此处只填dare。

48．If ________ (accept) for the job, you will be informed soon．

【答案】accepted

【解析】逗号前是“If you are accepted for the job”的省略形式。当主从句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省略，故填accepted。

49．At last we found a house, in front of which ________ (stand) a tall tree．

【答案】stood

【解析】介词短语位于句首，且谓语动词是stand时，句子要用全部倒装结构。由found的提示可知，此空应填stand的过去式stood。

50．Fishing in this river, as far as I know, ________ (be) prohibited．

【答案】is

【解析】本句中含有插入包含副词的分句，这也是特殊句式的一种，被插入的部分不影响句意和句子的成分。动名词作主语，且描述一般事实，谓语动词应用is。

二．单句改错

1.None of the farmers in the small village can read or write, or can they speak the official language.

【答案】or→nor

【解析】语境表示"不……也不",应该用"nor+倒装句"结构。

2.So suddenly the big fire happen that people had no time to escape.

【答案】suddenly后加did

【解析】本句使用了"so…that"结构,so+形容词/副词置于句首,此时主句要用部分倒装,因此要在主语前面加上助动词did。

3.It is for two months since they have stayed here.

【答案】去掉for或since→that

【解析】去掉for,此句表示"他们不在这里两个月了",应该用"it be+时间名词+since引导的状语从句";把since 改为that,此句表示"他们在这里待了两个月",是强调句式"it be...that"。

4.Given me one more hour, and I’ll finish the work on time.

【答案】Given→Give

【解析】语境表示"再给我一个小时,我就能按时完成工作了",这里用"祈使句+and+陈述句"结构,因此这里Given应改为Give。

5.We’d better leave now, haven’t we?

【答案】haven’t →hadn’t

【解析】本句的反意疑问部分是针对had better提问,应该用hadn’t。

6.It was nobody else at hand, and I had to carry the heavy box to the eighth floor by myself.

【答案】It→There

【解析】这里用There be句式表示"有"。

7.Protecting our earth, or else it will be no longer fit for us to live on.

【答案】Protecting→Protect

【解析】这里用"祈使句+or/or else+陈述句"句式,因此句子开头应该用动词原形。

8.At no time does they break the rules of the game. It is unfair to punish them.

【答案】does→do

【解析】句意:他们从来没有违反比赛规则,惩罚他们是不公平的。具有否定意义的At no time置于句首时,句子应用部分倒装,即把助动词提到主语前。结合句中的主语they可知,此处助动词应使用do。

9.I was surprised at what beautifully I wrote!

【答案】what→how

【解析】考查how型感叹句。how修饰形容词或副词。

10.It was not until she went back home when Kate realised she had left her schoolbag at school.

【答案】w hen→that

【解析】根据句意可知,这是一个强调句式,被强调的是not until引导的状语从句,因此句中的when应该改为that,与前面的It was构成强调句式。

11．At home, there has a CD player in my room, and the music is on all the time．___________

【答案】has→is

【解析】句意：在家里我的房间里有一台CD播放器，一直放着音乐。前一分句为there be句型。主语为单数名词a CD player, 故将has改为is。

12．Only do I know the news here．_____________

【答案】去掉do

【解析】句意：这儿，只有我知道这个消息。当only用在句首强调主语时，句子不倒装，强调状语时，句子才倒装。

13．—Well, I do think the horse is a useful animal．

—So it does．_______________

【答案】does→is

【解析】句意：——嗯，我的确认为马是很有用的动物。——的确是。分析句意可知，第二句是表示肯定、赞同前面说过的话，意为“确实如此，确实是这样”，对应the horse is，故将does改为is。

14．Between each of the morning classes are an interval, when the students can have a short break．______

【答案】are→is

【解析】介词短语置于句首时，应用全部倒装，句子的主语是an interval，故将are改为is。

15．It was in the village where he spent much of his childhood．_____________

【答案】where→that

【解析】分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句，故将where改为that。

16．—I'm sorry to tell you that you made a mistake in your test．

—How can that be? I did it as tell in class! ____________________

【答案】第二个tell→told

【解析】答语中后一个句子的状语从句为省略“主语＋be动词”的形式。tell的逻辑主语为I，两者之间为被动关系，还原后为as I was told。

17．A bit more effort, I think, so you will settle the problem．_______________

【答案】so→and

【解析】先把插入语I think去掉，则不难看出此句为“(表示条件的)名词短语＋and＋陈述句”结构，陈述句表示顺承的结果。

18．Not until my son had entered the college he realize the importance of time．____________

【答案】he前加did

【解析】not until位于句首时主句应用部分倒装；由从句的时态可知，主句应用一般过去时，因此在he 前加助动词did。

19．Scarcely I arrived at my second job when a server immediately handed me my first order．_____________ 【答案】Scarcely后加had

【解析】此处是“scarcely ．．．when ．．．”结构，Scarcely用于句首，主句部分倒装。本结构中从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。故在Scarcely后加had。

20．There appears to have little enthusiasm for your idea．_____________

【答案】have→be

【解析】此处表示“人们好像对你的想法没什么热情”。此处为There be句型，其中be可以用appears to be

代替，故将have改为be。

21．Standing on one foot with your eyes closed, and you will soon lose your balance．_______________

【答案】Standing→Stand

【解析】句意：闭着眼睛用一只脚站立，你很快就会失去平衡。固定句式：祈使句＋and/or＋表示某事经常发生或惯常行为的陈述句。

22．Though he isn't a driver, he used to．_______________

【答案】to后加be

【解析】句意：虽然他现在不是一个司机，但是过去他是。在used to后面如果是系动词be，不能省略。23．Only by studying hard and making good preparations for exams we avoid suffering from the pressure of exams．_______________ 【答案】we前加can

【解析】以“Only＋介词短语”放在句首的句子，使用部分倒装，结合句意，在we前加can。

24．Not only I care for my own family, but also I will contribute to building a harmonious society.__________ 【答案】only后加will

【解析】“not only ．．．but also ．．．”结构放在句首，前面的分句用部分倒装，故在only后加will。25．Although I'm not a teacher of that famous school, I want to．____________

【答案】to后加be

【解析】在省略句中，如果不定式中含有be, have, have been，则不能省略，通常保留这些词，故此处在to后加be。