高二英语第二单元测试题
选修7 Unit 2 Robots
Ⅱ. 单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子
1. — Do you mind if I look at your notebook?
— ______. It’s on the dining table.
A. No, of course not
B. Never mind
C. Don’t mention it
D. Yes, please do it
2. The guide desired that the foreigners _______ the scenic spot again in the near future.
A. would visit
B. visited
C. visit
D. visits
3. I want to _______ some money every month so as to buy a new apartment.
A. set aside
B. set down
C. set up
D. set out
4.John is junior _______ Jack in our company, but he has been the senior business executive for a year, while Jack is still an ordinary clerk.
A. for
B. to
C. than
D. with
5. Do let your headteacher know all the truth. She appears _____ everything.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. to have been told
D. to be telling
6. Last month he divorced ______ his wife, ______ whom he had been married for 20 years.
A. with; with
B. to; to
C. ／; to
D. ／; with
7. To our surprise, David insisted on his ______ to work in the countryside.
A. been sent
B. being sent
C. having sent
D. to be sent
8. By the time we arrived at the company, the new robot ______.
A. has tested out
B. was tested out
C. had been tested out
D. had tested out
9. Li Ming has been absent ______ school for quite a long time.
A. for
B. in
C. with
D. from
10. ______ around, I saw an old friend of mine, whom I hadn’t seen for ages, ______ towards me.
A. Turned; come
B. Turn; coming
C. Turned; coming
D. Turning; coming
11. You are bound ______ the first time you make a speech.
A. nervous
B. being nervous
C. to be nervous
D. feel nervous
12. ______ the age of eleven, he began to show his talent ______ writing.
A. At; for
B. On; in
C. At; in
D. From; for
13. The most important things that have just happened recently at home and abroad are usually called current ______.
A. states
B. affairs
C. situations
D. matters
14. Your work in the company is promising. So I’m rather ______ to hear that you’re planning to leave.
A. alarming
B. being alarmed
C. alarm
D. alarmed
15. —You are wanted on the phone, dear. Someone is ______.
—OK, I’m coming to answer it. Don’t ______.
A. ringing up; hang on
B. ringing up; hang up
C. ringing in; ring off
D. ringing in; hang up
Ⅲ. 将下列主动语态变为被动语态
1. We Chinese held the Beijing Olympic Games successfully in 2008.
The Beijing Olympic Games successfully in 2008.
2. The university is developing a robot that looks something like an insect.
A robot that looks something like an insect by the university.
3. We are to decorate the new library in the coming months.
The new library in the coming months.
4.The shop needs to set aside the products of poor quality and then send them back to the producers.
The products of poor quality need the producers.
5. The mini-books have covered almost all the popular topics including celebrity biographies, pets and dieting. Almost all the popular topics including celebrity biographies, pets and dieting
in the mini-books.
Ⅳ. 根据汉语提示及重点词语将下列句子译成英语，注意运用动词不定式的被动语态
1. 被宣布成为2010年上海世博会的最佳志愿者之一，李娜感到异常高兴。 (declare)
Li Na was extremely happy ______________________________________________.
2. 他对致富没有太大欲望。(desire)
He has little desire __________________________________________________________.
3. 我不想别人碰我桌上的东西。(leave … alone)
I want the things on my desk __________________________________________________.
4. 他出去理发时拒绝父亲的陪同。(accompany)
He refused ________________________________________________________________.
5. 老师很公正。你不要期待得到偏袒。(favour)
The teacher is fair. You don’t expect ____________________________________________.
Ⅴ. 完形填空
We live a life surrounded by robots. Nearly every robot has been made in some way 1
to humans. For example, in some automatic washing machines, the water will pour in up to a certain level or temperature. The machine will wait for “feedba ck” about the water 2 or temperature before it begins the washing cycle. In this way, a washing machine has been patterned after humans. We depend on 3 from our five senses to find out what is happening around us and then make decisions about our actions.
Of course, some machines perform functions like humans, but much 4 than we do, such as calculators. A pocket calculator works faster than a human, never makes mistakes, and doesn’t get 5 or bored.
Other robots are very similar to humans in their ability 6 new things. In factories, robots can learn to do many different tasks, as they are shown by a human operator. For example, in a car factory, a person will guide a robot’s “arm” and “7 ” through the steps of the new job. The robot’s electronic “brain” will 8 the information away, memorizing the steps so the next time it can repeat the 9 movements without a human operator. When the robot must be moved to a new job, its memory is 10 so it is ready to learn the next job. Of course, at any time if there is anything 11 in the process, different from the original task, the robot cannot 12 with it. It will signal for an engineer to come for repairs.
Some robots are considered very intelligent because they have more human abilities than others, such as “seeing”
13 cameras f or eyes or “feeling” with metal fingers that can
14 shapes and even temperatures. However, no machine has 15 been able to copy the complexity of the simplest, most common person.
1. A. similar B. familiar C. sensitive D. different
2. A. depth B. level C. fullness D. warning
3. A. feelings B. touch C. feedback D. response
4. A. faster B. more slowly C. worse D. better
5. A. tiring B. exciting C. excited D. tired
6. A. of learning B. to learn C. to copy D. to memorize
7. A. hand B. body C. elbow D. brain
8. A. take B. put C. store D. give
9. A. correct B. similar C. same D. different
10. A. erased B. refreshed C. kept D. stored
11. A. usual B. unusual C. wrong D. strange
12. A. do B. deal C. stay D. solve
13. A. in B. by C. with D. from
14. A. see B. sense C. know D. predict
15. A. already B. never C. even D. ever
Ⅵ. 阅读理解
(A)
Howie Choset thinks snakes are great — not snakes, really, but their ways of moving. Howie Choset, 37 years old, is a professor at Carnegie Mellow University, where he has been years in developing robots that imitate snake-like movements. Why? He sees a future for these snake-like robots in the work of saving lives.
These robots are built from very light materials and can carry cameras and other electronic sensors. Small electric motors, such as those used in model airplanes, help them move smoothly. Their size is similar to or smaller than a human arm.
Choset’s hope is for these robots to be used in search and rescue operations after natural disasters or other emergencies. They must be controlled by a human operator using a joystick, like with a video game. The robots have the ability to know which direction is upwards, but much of their usefulness would depend on humans controlling them. Even then, these robots would be better than the current methods and equipment, most of which are just cameras on long poles.
Sam Stover is the manager of a search team with the Federal Emergency Management Agency. He is of the opinion that robots like these have been needed for a long time. Dogs are used effectively in search and rescue, but they are limited to places that humans can go. These robots would allow search teams to d o something they’ve not been able to do before. “We needed them yesterday,” said Stover.
1. What gave Howie Choset the idea to design the robot?
A. Snakes’ senses.
B. Snakes’ eyes.
C. Snakes’ appearance.
D. Snakes’ movements.
2. The sentence “We needed them yesterday” might mean“_______”.
A. We only needed them yesterday
B. We do not need them now
C. We really need them now
D. We have needed them for a long time
3. Where can you most possibly find this passage?
A. In a novel book.
B. In a guide book for tourists.
C. In a fashion magazine.
D. In a science book.
4. What can be inferred from the passage about the robots?
A. Snakes do not seem unpleasant or even threatening.
B. Snake-like robots can climb pipes.
C. Snake-like robots can work independently.
D. Snake-like robots can move in a very smooth, flexible way.
5. Which one is true according to the passage?
A. A snake-like robot has been developed.
B. The snake-like robot can do something that no other robots can do.
C. The snake-like robot can move injured people out of disaster areas.
D. The snake-like robot is a cool toy.
(B)
Many people think that robots can never replace human beings because people are too clever. There are two arguments to support this point of view: first, robots can never reproduce; and second, human thinking can never be reproduced. Let’s examine the evidence for each of these arguments.
First, robots can never reproduce baby robots. It is true that robots can never reproduce as animals do. Robots are not divided into male and female. So a robot could not reproduce using normal biological methods. In robot production, there is no baby stage.
Second, human thinking cannot be reproduced by a robot. Thinking needs language and robots do not have language. They only have the programming that human beings put into them. So they can only do what they have been programmed to do. This is not thinking. Robots cannot produce their own ideas or make intuitive(直觉的)connections. So robots will never be able to think better than human beings.
However, some people think that, in time, robots will be able to reproduce and think just as well or better than human beings. They have two arguments: in time robots will be able to reproduce in a certain way; some computers can already
think better than people. So let’s look at the evidence for these opposing viewpoints.
First, they claim that robots will be able to reproduce. A special kind of robot has already been able to take a pile of blocks and assemble them to reproduce itself. Of course this does not mean that robots can reproduce using normal biological methods, but it does mean that robots could make new copies of themselves. So this would be a sort of reproduction.
Second, they state that some computers can already think better than some people. For very logical tasks or games, computers are already better than human beings. First, it is well-known that the computer “Deep Blue” won a chess competition against the human world chess champion Gary Kasparov in 1997. Second, computers think logically and can draw conclusions without emotion. But to be more clever than people, computers need to become more intuitive(sensitive to emotion)and develop feelings. Some computers already show feelings by their stomachs turning glowing red when they are angry or upset. But robots will need more than this. Perhaps in the future robots may be produced that show envy or satisfaction. That may make it possible for robots to think for themselves and may lead to robot marriage(and divorce)and families.
So what do you think?
6. When we say robots cannot reproduce, we mean that ________.
A. robots do not look like males or females
B. robots cannot act like mothers
C. robots cannot reproduce themselves through biological ways
D. robots do not have feelings as human beings
7. Which of the following points does not support the argument that robots have the ability to think?
A. Robots can think because human beings teach them how to think.
B. Some people think language is the decisive factor of thinking.
C. Robots are better than human beings in some logical tasks because robots’ IQs are higher than those of human beings.
D. Human beings will never match robots in chess competitions.
8. According to some people, if robots want to be more clever than human beings, they need ________.
A. to practise thinking logically
B. to have language ability
C. to have more competitions with human beings
D. to develop feelings such as anger
9. Which of the following does the writer predict will happen in the future?
A. The marriage of robots will definitely not be happy.
B. All robots will have families and kids.
C. Robots and human beings will form families.
D. If robots are not content with their partners, they can ask for a divorce.
10. What is the writer’s attitude, as expressed in the passage?
A. He objectively presents both sides of the arguments.
B. He gives his own judgments on the arguments.
C. He casts some doubt on the arguments.
D. He is indifferent to the arguments.
Ⅶ. 书面表达
Use your imagination to describe a robot in the future. Use the first person to write your description, ie write as if you were the robot. Give it a name and describe its appearance and family. Then tell what the robot can do and what it likes to do. Your passage should be 80-100 words long.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
Ⅱ. 单项选择，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳答案完成句子
1. A解析：由“It’s on the dining table.”可以看出来“不介意”，所以选择A。如果介意的话，应回答“Yes, please don’t”，故D错。Never mind用于安慰，意为“没关系”。Don’t mention it意为“不用谢”。
2. C 解析：desire后的宾语从句用虚拟语气“should + do”，should可以省略。
3. A解析：set aside把……放到一边，省出，留出；set down写下；set up建立；set out出发。
4. B解析：be junior to表示“比……地位（职位、级别、年龄）低”。
5. C解析：appear意为“好像”，后接动词时用不定式，此处是被动关系，tell发生在前一句动词之前。
6. C解析：divorce为及物动词；for 20 years为一段时间，所以用marry的形容词短语be married to。
7. B解析：insist on中的“on”为介词，后接动名词，从send sb to do sth判断为被动关系。
8. C解析：by the time意为“到……为止”，与完成时连用。arrived为过去时，所以从By the time we arrived at the company判断用“过去完成时”。此处是被动关系，故选C。
9. D 解析：be absent from school意为“缺课”。
10. D解析：I为turn的逻辑主语，turning短语作状语；coming跟在see sb后作补语。
11. C解析：be bound to do sth表示“一定会”，而nervous为形容词。
12. A 解析：at the age of …表示“在……几岁时”，one’s talent for sth表示“某人在……方面的天赋”，均属于固定搭配。
13. 解析：state一般指“状态，状况”(condition)；situation一般指“形势，局面”(circumstances
and things in a particular place)；matters(pl.)一般指“事态，当前的状况”；affairs指“公共事务，政治事务”，current affairs指“时事”。
14. D 解析：alarm为动词，其过去分词alarmed已形容词化，修饰人；而alarming修饰物。
15. B解析：ring up打电话；ring in 给电视节目或自己的单位打电话；ring out发出清脆的响声；hang up挂断电话；hang on别挂断。
Ⅲ. 将下列主动语态变为被动语态
1. were held
2. is being developed
3. is to be decorated
4. to be set aside and then sent back to
5. have been covered
Ⅳ. 根据汉语提示及重点词语将下列句子译成英语，注意运用动词不定式的被动语态
1. to be declared one of the volunteers of 2010 Shanghai World Expo
2. to get rich
3. to be left alone
4. to be accompanied by his father when he went out for a haircut
5. to be favoured
Ⅴ. 完形填空
1. A解析：本篇4个自然段，第1段的第二句、第2、3、4段的首句都是主题句，这些主题句表明了机器人与人类相似的特性以及可能比人类具有更大的优势、更多的能力等特点。第1、3两段讲述相似性，2、4两段讲述比人类优越之处。所以根据第3段首句可以选出A为正确答案。
2. B解析：根据前面一句的level可知答案为B。
3. C解析：根据第二空前面的“feedback”选择。
4. D解析：根据下面一句的works faster than a human, never makes mistakes可知讲述的是robots的“优势”，排除B 项和C项, 选择better修饰前面的动词perform。
5. D解析：根据后面的“or”（或者）可知与“bored”为同类词，故选D。
6. B解析：根据后面一句的“learn”和下文所举的例子选择“learn”，又根据ability的搭配“the ability to do sth”故选B。
7. A解析：根据前面的“arm and”说明所选的词与“arm”并列。若选B项或C项则与“arm”均有包含关系，而“brain”是储存信息的，也不妥。故选hand，与“arm”并列，arm 和hand共同执行机器人指令。
8. C解析：根据文章的中心推知机器人的电子脑与人脑相似，有存储信息的功能。store away意为“存储”；而take away意为“拿走”；put away意为“收拾好”；give away意为“捐赠，泄露”。
9. C 解析：根据上面提到的“完成任务要由a human operator指引，并且电子脑具备存储功能，所以已经设置好的程序就能重复（repeat）操作”，故选same。
10. A解析：根据本空所在的上下文可知“机器人只能执行设置好的程序，如果任务有变，指令也应随着改变”，所以要“learn the next job”，必须先“清除”原先的指令，重新设置新的指令（记忆存储），故只有erased“清除”正确。而refreshed意为“重新想起”；kept和stored意为“保存，存储”。
11. B解析：“if there is anything 11 in the process”与后面的“different from the original task”说的是同一层含义，所以强调的是与“原先设置的任务”的“不同”，故选unusual最妥当。
12. B 解析：deal with意为“处理”；而do sth with sth意为“处理”时常与what疑问句连用，如“I don’t know what to do with all the leftovers.”实际上what作do的宾语；solve为及物动词，后直接跟宾语。
13. C解析：根据后面的“or”，说明空格处与“feeling”with metal fingers并列，故选with，表示手段，意为“用”。
14. B解析：本句与首段提到的“depend on feedback from our five senses”呼应，又根据空格前面的“seeing”和“feeling”
等感官进一步证明B选项正确。
15. D
解析：文章从开头一直到第14空讲述的都是机器人的优点，本句为结束句，通过“However”话锋一转，指出机器人的局限性，故排除never，选择ever表示“曾经”。
Ⅵ. 阅读理解
1. D
2. D
3. D
4. D
5. A
6. C
7. B
8. D
9. D 10. A
Ⅶ. 书面表达
参考范文：
My name is Mini. I look like a person, with two eyes, a small nose and a mouth, but I am very short, like my owner, Sally. My job is to look after Sally, who is eight years old. I can play almost any game or sport, such as football or badminton. I can also sing a little, although Sally always laughs at my singing.
I am quite strong, so I can carry Sally when she gets too tired to walk home. If there is an emergency, I can call Sally’s mother or father directly, because the phone is part of my head. I was made in a factory, so I don’t have a family like a human family, but I think of Sally’s family as my own family.
高二下期英语第二次周测试题
命题人：周康2020. 05 27 伯阳双语学校2019-2020高二下期第二次周测英语试题2020.05.27 选修八Unit2-Unit4 总分120分时间70分钟 第一部分基础知识（每题2分，共20分） 1).用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空 1. Another part of the body that needed special________(cautious) is the eyes. 2.I have heard his story ________(tell) many times. 3.He forced us to grow up into _________(educate) and honest people. 4.The new government must set about_____(find) solutions to the problems. 5.The little boy made an________ (adapt) to his new school finally . 2).在空白处填上合适的单词 6.There is some doubt________he is the man who robbed the boy. 7.The heavy work robs him______his free time. 8. Hurry up , _______ you’ll be late for the train. 9. _______occurred to her that she should adopt the homeless child. 10.He.is forbidden ______leaving the country for some reasons. 第二部分．阅读理解（每题两分，共10分） The National Dark-Sky Week (NDSW) is a week during which people all over the United States turn off their lights to enjoy the beauty of the night sky without light pollution. This even was started by Jennifer Barlow of Midlothian, Virginia in 2003, and it is becoming more popular each year. It has been supported by the International Dark-Sky Association, the American Astronomical Society, and the Astronomical League. This even always occurs in April, during the week of the new moon so that the sky can be as dark as possible for the best viewing conditions. “It is my wish that people could see the night sky without other light in the sky as our ancestors (祖先) saw it hundreds of years ago,” explains Barlow. Since it only lasts a week and not everyone in the country will take part in it, how will the National Dark-Sky Week reduce light pollution? The main goal of NDSW is to increase awareness (意识) of the harmful effects of light pollution. It is not possible for all of the light pollution in this part of the world to disappear. However, it is possible to make a small difference in the quality of the night sky. Another goal of this even is to promote (促进) the use of better lighting systems that direct light toward the ground instead of up into the sky. Jennifer Barlow states, “The night sky is a gift of such beauty that it should not be polluted by wasted light. In this way, our children will not lose touch with the wonder of our universe.” 11. This passage is mainly about ______________. A. better lighting systems B. the beauty of the night sky C. the harm of light pollution D. the National Dark-Sky Week 12. Which of the following statements about the National Dark-Sky Week is WRONG? A. It is becoming more and more popular in America. B. The event was started in 2003 by Jennifer Barlow. C. The event takes place in the first week of every April. D. American people are supposed to turn off their lights during that week. 13. What is Jennifer Barlow’s wish? A. That light would be directed up into the sky. B. That the sky would always be as dark as possible. C. That people could see the night sky without light pollution as our ancestors did. D. That people could spend time enjoying the beauty of the sky every night. 14. We can infer from the underlined（划线的）sentence in Paragraph 4 that ____________. A. many people in America hate this event B. it may be hard to reduce light pollution C. the event should last a month every year D. light will no longer pollute the sky soon 15. What is the main goal of the National Dark-Sky Week? A. To promote the use of better lighting systems. B. To help people realize the harm of light pollution. C. To cause all the light pollution in America to disappear. D. To help young children enjoy the wonder of our universe. 第三部分．完形填空（每题1.5分，共30分） “Mum, I want to make you a bet,” I said. “If I go a whole year without TV, will you give me a hundred dollars?” “Well, if you can ___16___do it, …” “Of course I can,” I replied, ___17___to convince myself. ___18___, all this started from my ___19___of a picture in the newspaper. I couldn’t be ar to look at that boy, ___20___to have gone one year without TV for a hundred dollars, st
(完整word版)高二英语期末考试试题及答案
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