英语阅读技巧-Reading Skills

英语阅读技巧-Reading Skills
英语阅读技巧-Reading Skills

英语阅读技能学习及练习

Skimming

Scanning

Intensive reading

Extensive reading

Reading Skills

Where are the people in the photos? What are they reading?

Why are they reading?

Reading Skills 1 Adapted from New Headway Academic Skills 2, P6

Skim the text below and write in the paragraph headings. Choose from this list:

1. Scanning

2. Intensive Reading

3. Extensive Reading

4. Skimming

Effective Reading

During your course you will do a lot of reading. It is essential that you learn how to be an effective and efficient reader in order to make the best of your study time. Learning to be a good reader takes practice. You need to develop different strategies or methods of reading.

A. ___________________

Sometimes you will read just to get a general idea of a text. This is skim reading. First, identify your reason for reading, for example, to decide whether or not an article meets your needs, or perhaps to understand a writer’s attitude. To do this, read the text very quickly. Don’t worry about readin g and understanding everything. Instead, look particularly at the first and last paragraphs, and at the first and last sentences of paragraphs. These often summarize the main points.

B. ___________________

Sometimes you will read quickly to find particular pieces of information, for example, a statistic, a date, a person’s name, or the name of a place. Again, you do not need to read every word to find this information. Instead, scan the text using a finger or pencil to move quickly through the words. You could time yourself to see how long it takes you to find the information. Always try to improve your speed.

C. ____________________

Sometimes you read for every detail, for example, a description of a process, the results of a scientific study, or a set literature text. To do this, take your time. Stop and think about what you are reading. Have you understood the text? You may need to read the text more than once, in order to make notes or highlight important points for future reference. This is called intensive reading or study reading.

D. _____________________

Sometimes you will read for pleasure --- perhaps as extra research or purely for interest. You may concentrate, but you don’t have to worry about detail. This is extensive reading.

We do not always read the same kinds of texts in the same way, and we often use more than one method of reading for a single text. Your reason for reading will help you decide how to read.

Now answer these questions:

1. Which two ways of reading are the quickest?

2. Which way would you read for enjoyment?

3. Which way of reading is the slowest?

4. Which reading skill did you use to answer questions 1-3?

Facts and figures Scan the texts below and answer the questions

?1,400,000 people in India work for the Indian Railway

Company –that’s 1.8% of the country’s population.

?About 650,00 students in the UK study foreign

languages at school –52% study French; 21% study

German; 7% study Spanish and 20% study other

languages.

?40 million people live in the South American republic of

Argentina. About 16 million live in or near the capital city, Buenos Aires

–that’s about 40% of the population.

?Around the world, about 500 million homes have a

television. 88% of homes in the United States have a

DVD player, but in China it’s about 15%.

Scan these short texts to complete these sentences with the correct numbers.

1. ______ % of homes in China have a video recorder.

2. ______ million people live in or near Argentina’s capital city.

3. ______ % of India’s population work for the Indian Railway Company.

4. ______ million homes in the world have a television.

5. The population of Argentina is ___________ million.

6. ______ % of foreign language students in schools in the UK study Spanish.

Life in Britain Today Scanning Food

British people like good food, and more than half of them go to

a restaurant every month. Fast food is also very popular – 30%

of all adults have a burger every three months, but 46% have

fish and chips.

Sport

British people don’t do a lot of sport. Only 17% of people go

swimming every week, 9% go cycling and 8% play golf –and

only 6% of people play football (but 32% go to watch it).

Cinema and TV

Cinema and TV are very popular in Britain, and about 60% of

people between 15 and 24 go to the cinema every month. At

home, men watch TV for about three hours every day – half an

hour more than women.

Holidays

British people love going on holiday, and have 56 million holidays

every year. Most of these holidays aren’t in the UK – 27% are in

Spain, 10% are in the USA, and 9% are in France. Maybe this is

because the weather in Britain isn’t very good.

Read the text again and underline the correct answers in the sentences below.

1. The favourite food in Britain is: a) burgers b) fish and chips

2. 6% of British people a) go swimming b) play golf c) play football every week.

3. British men watch about a) 2 hours b) 3 hours c) 4 hours of TV every day.

4. Their favourite country for a holiday is a) Spain b) France c) the USA.

Reading Skills 2 Adapted from O’Connell, Focus on IELTS Foundation, Pearson, 2006, U1

1 Skimming

Skimming is looking quickly through a text to get a general idea of the subject. For example, you skim a newspaper to see which articles interest you, without reading everything in detail. In an exam, you skim a text to find the parts you need to study carefully. This means you don’t have to read the whole text several times.

Skim the newspaper extracts and find TWO which deal with each of the following topics: Topic Extracts

1 Education ………… …………

2 Space exploration ………… …………

3 Family matters ………… …………

4 Business and work ………… …………

5 Medical matters ………… …………

6 Technology ………… …………

7 Crime and punishment ………… …………

8 Scanning

Scanning is looking quickly through a text to find specific names, facts or figures. For example, you might scan a list of television programs to find the name and time of the program. In an exam, you scan a text for information to answer a question.

Scan the extracts for information to answer the following questions.

1 In which Brazilian state did prisoners riot?

2 How long do grandparents spend looking after their grandchildren?

3 What is the name of America’s most recent spacecraft?

4 In which month is Yuri Malenchenko due to return to Earth?

5 What is the maximum time junior doctors in Europe will be able to work in future?

6 How long was the world’s longest marriage?

7 According to research, what food can help protect you from cancer?

8 What was Volkswagen’s annual profit?

Cities

A. Skim the text below and write the sentences a –d at the beginning of paragraphs 1-4.

a. Our typical image of a medieval city is of

somewhere smelly and unhealthy. b. Ancient Rome had many of the same

urban problems as cities today.

c. The world’s oldest city is Jericho in the

Middle East, which dates back to 8,000 BC.

d. The world’s most mysterious cities are to

be found in the Indus Valley.

1. ______________________________________________________________ It has been destroyed

many times in its history but it has always been rebuilt. Ancient Rome was the first city to have a population of 1 million. At its height the entire Roman Empire had a population of 100 million. We often imagine that the enormous cities of Asia are a twentieth century phenomenon, but throughout history, they have always been bigger than cities in Europe. In 1450, the biggest city in the world was Beijing (population 600,000), and

most of the ten other biggest cities were also in China. London had a much smaller population of just 75,000.

2. _______________________________________________________________ Known as the ‘Secret Cities’, they are around 4,500 years old, but no one knows who built them or where they disappeared to. Whoever they were, they were so advanced that they invented their own form of writing (at around the same time as the Ancient Egyptians) and built a system of drains and plumbing almost 2,500 years before it was ‘first invented’ by the Romans. Tower blocks are not a modern invention either. Buildings over six storeys tall existed in many cities in the Middle Ages, and in Ancient Rome some blocks were so high that sightseers used to come from the countryside especially to look at them.

3. _____________________________________________________ This is not entirely true, however. Public services such as bathhouses, drains and hospitals were relatively developed. Medieval Florence, for example, with 90,000 people had thirty hospitals with over a thousand beds. Its drainage system was much better than those of many nineteenth-century cities.

4. _____________________________________________________________ Crime was an acute problem

– few people dared to go out after dark for fear of robbers and cut-throats. Even then many of the poor lived on welfare. The Emperor’s government regularly distributed bread to 200,000 poor people. Traffic congestion is not a new problem either. In the centre of Ancient Rome it was so bad that Julius Caesar had to ban all wheeled vehicles during daylight hours.

B. Scan the text to find the following information as quickly as you can.

1. The first city in the world to have a population of more than 1 million.

2. The number of hospitals in medieval Florence.

3. The name of the oldest city in the world.

4. Two inventions made by the civilisation that inhabited the ‘Secret Cities’.

5. The name of the biggest city in the world in 1450.

6. Two ‘modern’ urban problems that also existed in ancient Rome.

C.Read the text carefully and decide whether these statements are true (T), false (F) or not given (NG) in the text:

1. Jericho is a modern city.

2. Ancient Rome was the largest city in the world.

3. Only the ancient Egyptians had a system of writing.

4. The Romans invented plumbing.

5. Beijing is the largest city in the world.

6. In 1450, the ten biggest cities were in China.

7. There were tall buildings in ancient Rome.

8. Medieval cities provided medical care.

9. Crime was a serious problem in ancient Rome.

10. Traffic congestion became a problem in the last century.

D. Find words in the text that mean the same as:

reconstructed _____________ creation _____________

huge _____________ floors _____________ occurrence _____________ water control _____________

largest _____________ very serious _____________ unexplainable _____________ crowding _____________ progressive _____________ forbid _____________

EIT 2.1

Leisure Activities

Williams, J. (2011). Making Connections (Low Intermediate): NY, CUP.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Most people today have more time for leisure than people had in the past. What are they doing with this time? Some people just want to relax. They watch television, read, or listen to music. Others want to be more active and productive with their leisure time. They want to learn something new or to develop a new skill. Other people want to participate in activities with people who have similar interests.

Today, many people use their leisure time to do something productive. Perhaps because they work only with their minds all day, they want to do something with their hands. They want to do something very different from their office jobs or schoolwork. Some enjoy working in a garden. Others like to build or fix things in their leisure time. For example, they may want to work with wood, build furniture, or paint. Others learn how to cook foods from other countries.

For some people, the most important thing about leisure time is to spend it with other people. This is especially true for those people who like to play sports. All over the world, soccer, basketball, tennis, and other sports bring people together. Other games of competition also bring people together. Card games, such as poker, are popular in the United States. Dominos are popular in Latin America and the Caribbean. Many people in Asian countries, especially in China, enjoy mahjong. Dominoes

Some of these games are very traditional. However, in some countries, the younger generations likes to make up new games. In Japan, for example, there is a new popular game called cosplay . Cosplay comes from the words costume and play . In cosplay, people dress in costumes. They want to look like their favourite characters from comic books, movies, or video games. In Japan, people dress as their favourite anime characters. In western countries, cosplay is also beginning to be popular. There, people dress up as characters from Star Trek or comic books.Cosplay in Japan

Leisure activities, such as games, create a community, that is, a group of people who share interests. Technology makes it possible to create a community even if people are far apart. The best example of this is online games. People all over the world play online games such as Final Fantasy and World of Warcraft. Others participate in virtual online communities, such as Second Life. In these virtual communities, people can pretend to be someone else. They can choose to be a different person or even an animal or a plant.

Communication on the Internet is a very popular leisure activity for millions of people. They keep up with old friends and meet new friends on social network sites such as Facebook, Myspace, Twitter, Orkut, Mixi, Cyworld, and Xiaonei. These are online communities where people can share news, information, pictures, and videos.

Social network sites are global communities, and they are growing. In 2009, Facebook had more than 100 million members all over the world. The users spent almost twice as much time on social network sites in 2009 than in 2006. One year later, the number reached 500 million, with over 100 million in the United States. The popularity of this form of leisure will continue to grow because more people are using the Internet, especially in countries like China. One young man in China recently told a newspaper, “I spend most of my leisure time on the Internet.”

8 People spend their leisure time in many different ways. Some people want to learn. Others just want to

have fun. Some prefer to spend their time alone. Others want to spend their leisure time with other people. The most important recent development in leisure activities is in technology. More and more people depend on technology for their leisure activities today.

A. Skim

Match each paragraph in the article with the main ideas below.

_____ A Some people want to work with their hands during their leisure time.

_____ B Sports and other games are popular leisure activities.

_____ C Playing games online is a popular leisure activity.

_____ D Social network sites are becoming more popular.

_____ E Some people like to dress as their favourite characters in their leisure time.

_____ F There are many different choices for leisure activities.

_____ G People make different choices about how to spend their leisure time.

_____ H Many people spend leisure time on social networking sites.

B Scan

Scan the text quickly and find the following information.

1. Practical ways to use leisure time.

2. Sports that are popular all over the world.

3. Where card games are popular.

4. Where cosplay is most popular.

5. Online games that are popular globally.

6. The name of a virtual online community.

7. Examples of global communities.

8. The number of Facebook users in 2009.

C. Reading for meaning.

Decide if the information in the statements below is true (T) false (F) or not given (NG).

1. Most people work more than in the past.

2. Many people don’t work with their hands.

3. Most people use their leisure time as a social activity.

4. Mahjong is the most popular game in China.

5. Cosplay is better-known in Japan than in the west.

6. Technology can be used to create international communities.

7. Older people enjoy using social media.

8. In 2006 there were 100 million American Facebook users

9. Chinese users spend more time on the internet than American ones.

10. People use technology increasingly as a medium for leisure activities.

D Vocabulary Study: Words in Context

Complete the following sentences with words or phrases from the box below.

1 My brother always wants to do something ______________________ with his free time. He likes to

paint the house or fix things.

2 I _______________ with my friend from school. We send each other e-mail messages every week.

3 Orkut is a social _________________ site in Brazil, but Mixi is the most popular one in Japan.

4 He ____________________to know the answer, but he really did not know it.

5 The students and teachers both ______________ in the school basketball game.

6 The two brothers live far ______________, but they talk on the phone every Sunday.

7 She knows that the ______________ worlds on the Internet are not real, but she likes to visit them.

英语阅读理解学习方法

英语阅读理解学习方法 眼看同等学力英语考试的日子越来越近,但是很多同学感觉做阅读理解时阅读速度很慢,在阅读理解这一部分花费了大量的时间,但得分甚少,而且还影响了其他试题的解答。那么究竟如何提高阅读速度和做题的正确率呢? 方法/步骤 1. 1 资料的选择 首先,历年考试真题是必备的资料,真题是一个标准,做真题可以把握试题难度,出题角度,了解命题重点。其次,考研阅读辅导书,这种资料贵精不在多。做完后,我们应该反复的研读真题,思考不同类型文章的出题风格,从中摸索规律以提高阅读水平与做题技巧。 2. 2 积累词语要提高阅读水平,词汇量与短语量非常重要,打个比方:造房子要砖瓦材料,词汇就是阅读英语的砖瓦材料,没有相当量的英语词汇,阅读英语是无法进行的。所以要提高阅读水平,我们就得学会积累词语。我们不妨这么做:在通读全文后看第二遍,遇到生词尽可能根据上下文来猜,仍猜不出意思的,就把这些生字查好词典,然后抄写在一本可随身携带的小本子上。每天有空时,就拿出这小本子背诵记忆,这样做不费时,效果却很好,因不断接触,反复记忆,词汇量增加得很快。 3. 3 阅读能力的提高 阅读能力的测试包括阅读速度,理解程度以及记忆能力等。要想获得满意的英语成绩,最根本的方法就是提高词汇量,加强阅读训练,同时熟悉一些阅读技巧和做题方法也是至关重要的。每个人都有自己习惯的做题方法,不能说哪种方法更高明,要大家纷纷仿效。一种方法是

先快速浏览问题,然后带着问题通读全文,了解文章的大概内容,这一遍要快,不理解的地方跳过,然后做题。这时我们心中已大概知道答案的分布,跳过无关部分,快速找到答案所在处,仔细阅读,反复推敲,直到选出正确答案。可以用直接法和排除法相结合选择答案,排除法是四个选项都看,逐一排除选项,选出正确答案。这种方法可提高正确率,但花费的时间较长。 4. 4 另一种方法是先浏览文章后面的问题,然后带着问题去读文章。读完文章后我们常有这样的情况:句子都能看懂,但读完文章印象却不深,这就牵涉到对文章框架结构的整体理解。如何学会对文章的整体理解呢?首先,要重视文章的题目和文章的首句。因为文章的题目就是文章的主题,文章的内容就是环绕主题展开。首句很关键是因为首句是文章的导入,点明作者写文章的意图,背景等。接着的每一段的第一句也很重要,因为每段的第一句实际上多半是每段的主题句,然后进行陈述或论述,逐步展开,给予例证,最后把该段内容用一句话来小结,所以每段的最后一个句子常常是该段的结论句,而整篇文章的最后一句就往往是这篇文章的结论或作者写这篇文章的用意所在。所以我们在阅读文章时要养成这样一个习惯:见了文章的题目,要停顿一下,想一想,如果让你写这篇文章将如何写,或猜一猜,这篇文章大概写什么,然后你会饶有兴趣地读下去。接着在往下阅读时特别注意每段的第一句与最后一句,并用心记往,在读完全文时清晰地将全文的主要内容像看电影似的一幅一幅地印在脑中,记忆很深既把握住了全文的主要内容、论点、论据,又学会了作者的逻辑推理的方法技巧及整篇文章的框架结构,而这是写文章最重要的,也就是文章的构思。 5. 5 做阅读题,要避免以下几点: 第一,不忠于原文,主观选择答案。尤其对比较熟悉的题材或有个人习惯看法的问题往往容易以自己的主观看法代替作者的观点。阅读理解的各选项间干扰性很大,许多答案都有其合理的一面,但不是作者在文中要表达的观点,不是最确切的答案。所以我们必须仔细推敲,将原文的

高考英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典题型

(一)阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段,考生在做阅读理解时,不仅要看懂文章的字面意思,还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说,词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。 阅读的方法可以使用以下几种: 1.跳读:就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读,找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。 2.略读:指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读,目的是了解大意,对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。 3.精读:即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法,目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。 在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点: 1.带着问题阅读短文。 2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。 3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。 4.尽快选择答案。 (二)不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧 1.记叙文 记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键,根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件,抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强,阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件,这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息,对于准确理解文章十分重要。 2.说明文 说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍,解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多,主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。 ●数字说明文 在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义,从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 ●解释说明文

(完整版)大学英语四级阅读理解解题技巧

大学英语四级选词填空和快速阅读复习攻略 选词填空: 首先:预览选项,了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性:名词n,动词v,形容词a,副词ad,在每个选项后作词性的简要标记; 其次:精读全文开头,把握文章主题,并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位,利用前后文判断每空的词性; 第三:把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文,含义通顺,时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。 记背选词填空选项的重点范围: 1.历年曾经考过的复合式听写的单词 2.历年曾经考过的完形填空的选项,仔细阅读态度题的选项 3.历年曾经考过的真题中的高频词汇 快速阅读: 建议做题方法:读题干并确定关键词(中心词)--去原文中定位关键词--分析定位句--分析题干--确定答案。 首先用“打包”方法对付乱序: 把整组题全部一次性吃透,然后去原文从头到尾定位。否则,考生如果按顺序逐题解答,时间会严重不足,最好是文章一遍看下来,能找到所有的信息。此外,考生应该注意定位原文的过程中,一定要脑、眼和手并用:眼是肯定要用的,不用脑会导致忽视同义转换,不用手(笔)会使我们处于走马观花的状态,然后会怀疑自己是不是漏掉了信息而不停地看。 其次:“吃透”题干,准确判断关键词(中心词)至关重要。如果没吃透题干,就无法准确判断关键词或中心词,就可能对原文中的重要信息没感觉。一般来说,题干关键词或中心词为实词以及一些数字、专有名词等。 最后,在解题的先后顺序上,采用先易后难的策略。采用由易到难的解题策略,可以提升考生的解题信心。对于那些答题线索较少的题干细节信息,考生可留在最后再解答。在解答这类较难的题目时,考生可快速阅读原文中仍未选过的段落的主题句(通常为第一句、第二句或最后一句),之后根据段落大意与题干中的细节信息进行匹配。

英语阅读方法与解题技巧

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