400个常用英文缩写(外企上班族必备)必备学习复习课程

400个常用英文缩写(外企上班族必备)必备学习复习课程
400个常用英文缩写(外企上班族必备)必备学习复习课程

美式论文、报告写作技巧

编者按:美式教育的特点即是课程内容强调学生参与及创新运用,因此,报告便成了常见的考核学生学习成果的方式,比如实验报告、学期报告、专题报告、研究报告及论文(含毕业论文)等。研究生presentation 及seminar 的机会更是占很大的比重,有些甚至占学期成绩很大比例。如何完成报告、论文同时得到良好的成绩,是本文提供给有志留学的有心人参考的目的。

美国大学生由於自小已养成自动寻找答案习惯,在启发式的教育环境下,写报告、论文对他们来说比较不陌生,虽然专业知识上美国学生不见得比外籍学生强,但是表达能力由於自小培养,加上英语能力的优势,常比外籍学生在报告、论文方面有较隹的利基。反之中国学生比较缺乏报告写作的训练,因此如果在留学过程中无法适应美式教育会比较辛苦,其实论文、报告的写作要领其实不难,只要把握技巧就可水到渠成。

通常论文由篇首(Preliminaries),本文(Texts)以及参考资料(References)三部分构成;而这三大部分各自内容如下:

(一) 篇首:

封面(Title)

序言(Preface)

谢词(Acknowledge)

提要(Summary)

目录(Tables and Appendixes)

(二) 本文:

引言(Introduction)

主体,含篇(Part)、章(Chapter)、节(Section) 、以及注释(Footnotes)

(三)参考资料:

参考书目(References or Bibliography)

附录资料(Appendix)。

进行论文或报告写作之前,先要确定想要表达的主题,主题确定后,将其具体表达,即为题目。题目可以提供研究者:

一.研究的方向

二.研究的范围

三.资料搜集的范围

四.预期研究成果

通常在确定题目之後就开始找资料从事研究,建议在找资料之前最好去问教授有哪些参考资

料来源可供参考引用。构思为确定写作大纲或Proposal 的先前步骤,大纲是论文、报告的骨干,Proposal 是研究的架构、流程及范围的说明书。如何构思大纲或Proposal为论文、报告写作前的必要准备工作。好的论文或研究报告,要基于在完整、详实的资料上,而参考资料除了和教授商借之外,最主要的来源就是图书馆了,一般参考资料来源可分成教科书或手册、政府机构的报告、科技或商业方面的杂志,及会议性质的资料。此外现代的电脑资料库也可帮助收集资料,在国外可利用学校的电脑连线资料库寻找自己需要的资料。当一切准备就绪,即可开始着手写报告,一般报告还分大报告如期末、专题等报告,及小报告如Seminar 式的报告。

就算是小报告,也至少应含

(一)TITLE PAGES :包含主题名称、作者、日期

(二)Summary:即主要的结论

(三)Introduction:包括理论背景及内容

(四)Technical Sections:是论文的主体,为最重要的部份应再细分为几个片断。

(五)Conclusions:即扼要的结论

(六)Appendixes:复杂公式的导引及叁考资料和电脑程式的报表可附加在此项

美式报告的撰写通常要打字,两行式,行间若有未拼完的字要以音节来连接。写报告通常需要用到电脑,如有计算数字统计图表的需求,也常会用到程式软体如PASCAL、LOTUS,统计分析软体如SAS,也是不可或缺的,电脑绘图在今日已成为工商界及学术界的重要工具,文书处理更是最基本的要求,因此Word for Window、Powerpoint、Excel便成了颇受欢迎的工具。此外在英文语法、文法上的润饰与修改,如能请老美帮忙会比较好。

论文、报告完成后有时会需要做解说(Presentation),用英文来讲演对中国人来说算是一大挑战,通常课堂讲演时间为十五分钟到三十分钟,若是论文囗试则至少一小时。投影机及麦克风的使用对讲演的效果有很大帮助,正式讲演前多预习几次,时间宜控制适中,上台时忌讳低头拿着报告照念,需留意听众的反应,切中主题,避免太多数字的导引。

400个常用英文缩写(外企上班族必备)

第一次在公司里上班,第一个mail开头是FYI~

不知道啥意思,看看后面有东西,估计就是让看吧,并且有点尊敬的意思!最后才知道事For

your information~

有次和外国客户发邮件。有个LMK的缩写。想了半天,后天查了网络,才知道是LET ME KNOW 的意思。我没有想的那么正确。所以知道一些简单的缩写是很有必要的,我在网上查了一些。不知道你们之前看过没。

数字:

2 = to/too

2B or not 2B = To be or not to be

4 = for

4ever = forever

A:

ASL = Age/Sex/Location

AFAIC = As Far As I’m Concerned

AFAIK = As Far As I Know

AFK = Away From Keyboard

AIAMU = And I’m A Monkey’s Uncle

AISI = As I See It

AKA = Also Known As

AMBW = All My Best Wishes

ANFAWFOWS = And Now For A Word Word From Our Web Sponsor AOTS = All Of The Sudden

ASAFP = As Soon As "Friggin" Possible

ASAP = As Soon As Possible

ATST = At The Same Time

AWGTHTGTTA = Are We Going To Have To Go Through This Again AWGTHTGTTSA = Are We Going To Have To Go Through This Sh Again AYSOS = Are You Stupid Or Something

B:

B4 = Before

B4N = Bye For Now

BBFBBM = Body By Fisher, Brains by Mattel

BBIAB = Be Back In A Bit

BBIAF = Be Back In A Few

BBL = Be Back Later

BBN = Bye Bye Now

BCNU = Be Seein’ You

BF = Boyfriend

BFD = Big Fing Deal

BFN = Bye For Now

BHOF = Bald Headed Old Fart

BIF = Basis In Fact

BITD = Back In The Day

Biz = Business

BM = Byte Me

BMOTA = Byte Me On The Ass

BNF = Big Name Fan

BOHICA = Bend Over Here It Comes Again

BR = Bathroom

BRB = Be Right Back

BRT = Be Right There

BS = Big Smile

BT = Byte This

BTDT = Been There Done That

BTSOOM = Beats The Sh Out Of Me

BTW = By The Way

BTWBO = Be There With Bells On

BWDIK = But What Do I Know?

BWO = Black, White or Other

C:

Cam = Web Camera

CIAO = Goodbye (in Italian)

CID = Consider It Done

CIO = Check It Out

CIS = CompuServe Information Service

CMF = Count My Fingers

Cof$ = Church of Scientology

CRAFT = Can’t Remember A Fing Thing

CRAWS = Can’t Remember Anything Worth A Sh CSL = Can’t Stop Laughing

CTC = Choaking The Chicken

CU = See You

CUL/CYL/CUL8R = See You Later

CWYL = Chat With You Later

CYA = Cover Your Ass

D:

DBEYR = Don’t Believe Everything You Read

DD = Due Diligence

DDD = Direct Distance Dial

DETI = Don’t Even Think It

DGT = Don’t Go There

DHYB = Don’t Hold Your Breath

DIIK = Damned If I Known

DILLIGAD = Do I Look Like I Give A d\amn DILLIGAS = Do I Look Like I Give A Sh

DKDC = Don’t Know Don’t Care

DL = Download

DLTM = Don’t Lie To Me

DQYDJ = Don’t Quit You’re Day Job

DRIB = Don’t Read If Busy

DS = Dunce Smiley

DYSTSOTT = Did You See The Size Of That Thing E:

EG = Evil Grin

EOM = End Of Message

ESO = Equipment Smarter than Operator

F:

F2F/FTF = Face To Face

FAQ = Frequently Asked Question

FBKS = Failure Between Keyboard and Seat

FE = For Example/Fatal Error

FF&PN = Fresh Fields And Pastures New

FOAF = Friend Of A Friend

FTASB = Faster Than A Speeding Bullet

FT = Faint

FTL = Faster Than Light

FTTB = For The Time Being

FUBAR = Fed Up Beyond All Recognition

FUBB = Fed Up Beyond Belief

FUD = (Spreading) Fear, Uncertainty, and Disinformation FWIW = For What It’s Worth

FYA = For Your Amusement

FYI = For Your Information

FYM = For Your Misinformation

G:

G2G = Got To Go

G8T/GR8 = Great

GAL = Get A Life

GDGD = Good,Good

GF = girlfriend

GG = Good Game/Gotta Go

GIGO = Garbage In, Garbage Out

GIWIST = Gee, I Wish I’d Said That

GL = Good Luck

GLYASDI = God Loves You And So Do I

GMTA = Great Minds Think Alike

GNBLFY = Got Nothing But Love For You

GR&D = Grinning Running And Ducking

GRRRR = "Growling"

GSOAS = Go Sit On A Snake

GTG = Got To Go

GTGB = Got To Go, Bye

GTGP = Got To Go Pee

GTH = Go To Hell

GTSY = Glad To See Ya

GYPO = Get Your Pants OffBE A QUEEN.

H:

HAGO = Have A Good One

HAK = Hugs And Kisses

HB = Hurry Back

HD = Hold

HHO1/2K = Ha Ha, Only Half Kidding

HHOK = Ha Ha, Only Kidding

HIOOC = Help! I’m Out Of Coffee

Howz = How is

HTH = Hope This (That) Helps

HUA = Heads Up Ace

HUYA = Head Up You’re a

I:

IAC = In Any Case

IAE = In Any Event

IANAC = I Am Not A Crook

IANAL = I Am Not A Lawyer

IBT = In Between Technology

IBTD = I Beg To Differ

IC = I See/In Character

IDGAF = I Don’t Give A F

IDGI = I Don’t Get It

IDK = I Don’t Know

IDKY = I Don’t Know You

IDST = I Didn’t Say That

IDTS = I Don’t Think So

IFAB = I Found A Bug

IFU = I Fed Up

IGGP = I Gotta Go Pee

IIIO = Intel Inside, Idiot Outside

IIMAD = If It Makes An(y) Difference

IIRC = If I Remember Correctly

IIWM = If It Were Me

ILICISCOMK = I Laughed, I Cried, I Spat/Spilt Coffee/Crumbs/Coke On My Keyboard ILY = I Love You

IMHO = In My Humble Opinion

IMNSHO = In My Not So Humble Opinion

IMO = In My Opinion

INMP = It’s Not My Problem

INPO = In No Particular Order

IOH = I’m Outta Here

IOW = In Other Words

IRL = In Real Life

ISS = I Said So

ITM = In The Money

IYKWIM = If You Know What I Mean

IYSS = If You Say So

J:

J/C = Just Checking

J/K = Just Kidding!

J/W = Just Wondering

JAFO = Just Another Fing Onlooker

K:

K/KK = OK/OK, OK

KFY = Kiss For You

KISS = Keep It Simple Stupid

KIT = Keep In Touch

KMA = Kiss My Ass

KWIM = Know What I Mean

KX = kiss

KYPO = Keep Your Pants On

L:

L8R = Later

LD = Long Distance

LDTTWA = Let’s Do The Time Warp Again LLTA = Lots And Lots Of Thunderous Applause LMAO = Laughing My Ass Off

LMK = Let Me Know

LOL = Laughing Out Loud/Lots Of Luck(Love) LTIC = Laughing ’Til I Cry

LTNS = Long Time No See

LYL = Love Ya Lots

LYLAS = Love You Like A Sister

M:

M8T = Mate

MHOTY = My Hat’s Off To You

MM = Market Maker

MorF = Male or Female?

MOTD = Message Of The Day

MOTSS = Members Of The Same Sex MTFBWY = May The Force Be With You MWBRL = More Will Be Revealed Later

MYOB = Mind Your Own Business

N:

N = And/Know/Now

NAK = Nursing At Keyboard

NAZ = Name, Address, Zip (also means Nasdaq) NBD = No Big Deal

NBIF = No Basis In Fact

NFI = No Fing Idea

NFW = No Fing Way

NIFOC = Nude In Front Of The Computer

NM = Never Mind

NMP = Not My Problem

NMU = Nothing Much You

NOYB = None Of Your Business

NP = No Problem

NQOCD = Not Quite Our Class Dear

NRG = Energy

NRN = No Reply Necessary

NYCFS = New York City Finger Saluet

O:

OAUS = On An Unrelated Subject

OBTW = Oh, By The Way

OIC = Oh, I See

OICU = Oh, I See You

OMDB = Over My Dead Body

OMG = Oh My God/Oh My Gosh

OMIK = Open Mouth, Insert Keyboard

ONNA = Oh No, Not Again

OOC = Out Of Character

OOTB = Out Of The Box/Out Of The Blue

OT = Off Topic

OTOH = On The Other Hand

OWTTE = Or Words To That Effect

OZ = stands for "Australia"

P:

PEBCAK = Problem Exists Between Chair And Keyboard PEM = Privacy Enhanced Mail

Pic = Picture

PIMP = Peeing In My Pants

PITA = Pain In The Ass

PLS/PLZ = Please

PMFJI = Pardon Me For Jumping In

PO = Piss Off

POS = Parents Over Shoulder

POV = Point Of View

PPL = People

Pro = Professional

PS = By The Way/Photoshop

T:

TAH = Take A Hike

TANSTAAFL = There Ain’t No Such Thing As A Free Lunch TARFU = Things Are Really Fed Up

TDTM = Talk Dirty To Me

TEOTWAWKI = The End Of The World As We Know It TFN = Thanks For Nothin’

THX/TX/THKS = Thanks

TIA = Thanks In Advance

TIAIL = Think I Am In Love

TIC = Tongue In Cheek

TLA = Three Letter Acronym

TLGO = The List Goes On

TM = Trust Me

TMI = Too Much Information

TMTOWTDI = There’s More Than One Way To Do It TPTB = The Powers That Be

TSR = Totally Stuck in RAM

TTFN = Ta Ta For Now

TTT = That’s The Ticket/To The Top

TTUL/TTYL = Talk To You Later

T WHAB = This Won’t Hurt A Bit

TY = Thank You

TYVM = Thank You Very Much

U:

U = You

UR = Your

U R = You are

unPC = unPolitically Correct

URYY4M = You Are Too Wise For Me

V:

VFM = Values For Money

VG = Very Good

W:

WAG = Wild Ass Guess

WAI = What An Idiot

WB = Welcome Back

WCA = Who Cares Anyway

WDYS = What Did You Say?

WDYT = What Do You Think?

WE = Whatever

WEG = Wicked Evil Grin

WG = Wicked Grin

WGAFF = Who Gives A Flying F

WIIFM = What’s In It For Me?

WIT = Wordsmith In Training

WITFITS = What in the F is this Sh

WOG = Wise Old Guy

Wot/Wut = What

WRT = With Respect To/With Regard To

WTF = What The F

WTG = Way To Go!

WTSDS = Where The Sun Don’t Shine

WYMM = Will You Marry Me

WYP = What’s Your Problem?

WYRN = What’s Your Real Name?

WYS = Whatever You Say

WYSIWYG = What You See Is What You Get

WYT = Whatever You Think

X:

X U = Kiss You

Y:

Y = Why

Ya = You

YA = Yet Another

YAFIYGI = You Asked For It You Got It

YDKM = You Don’t Know Me

Yep/Yup = Yes

YGBK = You Gotta Be Kiddin’

YMMV = Your Mileage May Vary

YNK = You Never Know

YOYO = You’re On Your Own

YR = Yeah, Right

YSYD = Yeah, Sure You Do

YTTT = You Telling The Truth?

YYSSW = Yeah Yeah Sure Sure Whatever

英语作文常用谚语、俗语

1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth. 说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。

2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing. 一知半解,自欺欺人。

3、All rivers run into sea. 海纳百川。

4、All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。

5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。

6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 不善始者不善终。

7、Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。

8、A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。

9、A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

10、A friend is easier lost than found. 得朋友难,失朋友易。

11、A good beginning is half done. 良好的开端是成功的一半。

12、A good beginning makes a good ending. 善始者善终。

13、A good book is a good friend. 好书如挚友。

14、A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口。

15、A mother's love never changes. 母爱永恒。

16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果,不用请医生。

17、A single flower does not make a spring. 一花独放不是春,百花齐放春满园。

18、A year's plan starts with spring. 一年之计在于春。

19、A young idler, an old beggar. 少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。

20、Better late than never. 不怕慢,单怕站。

21、By reading we enrich the mind.读书使人充实,

22、Care and diligence bring luck. 谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。

23、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to

success. 自信是走向成功的第一步。

24、Custom is a second nature. 习惯是后天养成的。

25、Custom makes all things easy. 有个好习惯,事事皆不难。

26、Doing is better than saying. 与其挂在嘴上,不如落实在行动上。

27、Do nothing by halves. 凡事不可半途而废。

28、Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事,今日毕。

29、Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。

30、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起身体好。

31、Easier said than done. 说得容易,做得难。

32、Easy come, easy go. 来也匆匆,去也匆匆。

33、Eat to live, but not live to eat. 人吃饭是为了活着,但活着不是为了吃饭。

34、Every man has his faults. 金无足赤,人无完人。

35、Every man is the architect of his own fortune. 自己的命运自己掌握。

36、Every minute counts. 分秒必争。

37、Each coin has two sides.

38、Fact speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。

39、Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。

40、God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。

41、Health is better than wealth. 健康胜过财富。

42、Honesty is the best policy. 做人诚信为本。

43、Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst. 抱最好的愿望,做最坏的打算。

44、It is never too old to learn. 活到老,学到老。

45、Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量

46、Like mother, like daughter. 有其母必有其女。

47、No pain,no gain.(不劳无获。)

48、You never know till you have tried. 不尝试,不知晓。。

49、An idle youth, a needy age.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。

50、Diligence is the mother of success.勤奋是成功之母。

51、Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy

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52、Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的教师。

53、Nothing in the world is difficult if you set

54、Where there's a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。

55、Practice makes perfect .(熟能生巧。)

56、Pride goes before a fall.(骄傲必败。)

Superstar and I

It’s common that many students are crazy about those

singers and actors. However, liyundi, a pianist, is the superstar in my heart. He is a man of few words and he even looks like the greatest pianist—Chopin. When listening to his music , I can get rid of everything noisy around. What’s more, I can feel his strong love for music. Rome wasn’t built in one day. He achieved the great success through huge effort. I can learn from him that we should never give up to realize our dreams.

Superstar and I

Her name first appeared as a joke then like a wonder. She is Susan Boyle, the superstar in my heart. Although she’s not beautiful, her voice and spirit moved all the audience, including me. The song ’I dreamed a dream’ that she sang touched everyone’s heart who had a dream and wanted to realize it. She taught me how to go on my dreams as well as never to give up. She is like a sunshine that gives me hope. Where there is a will, there is a way.

职场常用英语缩写

职场常用英语缩写 【篇一:职场常用英语缩写】 【cbo】 chief brand officer 【cco】 chief cultural officer 开发总监【cdo】 chief development officer 【cho】 chief human resource officer 首席信息官【cio】 chief information officer 【cko】 chief knowledge officer 首席市场官【cmo】 chief marketing officer 首席谈判官【cno】 chief negotiation officer 首席营运官【coo】 chief operation officer 公关总监【cpo】 chief public relation officer 质量总监【cqo】 chief quality officer 销售总监【cso】 chief sales officer 首席技术官【cto】 chief technology officer 评估总监【cvo】 chief valuation officer cao:answerer 首席答辩人,专门负责解答媒体、债权人和用户等有关网站倒闭问题的 询问。 cbo:business plan 首席商业计划官,是的助理之一,专门针对不同的投 资人制订相应的bp。 cco:cost control 首席成本控制官,凡超过100元以上的支出必须由cc0批准。 cdo:domain name 首席域名官,负责公司域名注册、网站清盘时域名的拍卖、域名法 律纠纷等相关问题。 ceo:exchange 首席交换官,一般由国际ceo自由联盟随时更换,是一个常设的短期职 能岗位,类似足球教练。 cfo:financial ,公司最重要的领导人,决定公司命运的主要人物。cgo:guideline 首席方针制订官,规划公司的宏伟蓝图,一般是5年以后的目标。

外企公司常用缩写ZT

外企公司常用缩写ZT RGDS: regards TKS: thanks ASAP: as soon as posible BTW: by the way FW: foward COD: code of conduct 公司行为规范准则 OL: office lady EG: for example FYI: for you information ETC: esmated time of complete ETS: esmated time of shipping NG: no good NFG: no fxxking good FNG: fxxking new guy 常指把事情搞得一团糟的新员工

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写邮件 BTW= by the way FYI= for your information FYR=for your reference EOD= the end of the day, for example: EOD Thursday,周四下班前 ASAP=as soon as possible TBU=to be updated TBC=to be confirmed TBD=to be decided/ determined OT=overtime,加班 PS=postscript 补充说明 CC=carbon copy抄送 FW=forward转发 FW=fiscal week 财务xx Re=reply回复 N/A=not applicable不适用 Loop in/ loop out,写邮件时,将邮件相关人员loop in,不相关人员就loop out On annual leave/ business trip 休年假,或者出差。 OOTO=out of the office 外出不在办公室 AFAIK= as far as I know据我所知

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ANFAWFOWS = And Now For A Word Word From Our Web Sponsor AOTS = All Of The Sudden ASAFP = As Soon As "Friggin" Possible ASAP = As Soon As Possible ATST = At The Same Time AWGTHTGTTA = Are We Going To Have To Go Through This Again AWGTHTGTTSA = Are We Going To Have To Go Through This Sh Again AYSOS = Are You Stupid Or Something B: B4 = Before B4N = Bye For Now BBFBBM = Body By Fisher, Brains by Mattel BBIAB = Be Back In A Bit BBIAF = Be Back In A Few BBL = Be Back Later BBN = Bye Bye Now BCNU = Be Seein’ You BF = Boyfriend BFD = Big Fing Deal BFN = Bye For Now BHOF = Bald Headed Old Fart

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