公共英语3
公共英语3级精讲班第2讲讲义
Dialogue 1-4
Dialogue 1
A notable actor, is talking with Susan Grant, a reporter, about one aspect of his personality that appeals to his fans.
Famous actors attracted many young people. The personality of stars can influence fans a lot. Movie stars should play an active role in influencing the young people. In this dialogue, John Travolta gives us an example.
Background knowledge:
1. Broadway star百老汇明星
Broadway is the center of American dancing and singing.. It is located in Manhattan, New York. It has become the symbol of American Entertainment.
2. Make- A -Wish program.
Make a wish program is a kind of Charity program founded by some Charity Association. The people who need help make wishes and the association can help people to make their dreams come true. Language points:
1.One aspect of his personality that appeals to his fans.
appeal to吸引
If you want child to work hare you must appeal to their interests instead of their sense of duty.
One reason why Hamlet is such a successful play is that it appeals to many different people.
2.I don’t ever want to have the effect on a person that this p erson had on me.
have the effect on sth对---产生影响
What he learns in school has an important effect on his future work.
The new rules gives effect to the special committee.
3. I was blown away by disappointment.
blow away 拒绝
He pretended not to see me and blow me away.
4. I took a few years to get over it.
get over
1）克服
They have got over their shortcomings and mistakes in their work.
2）从------中恢复过来
Have you got over your cold yet?
5. If you get too attached, you’re just setting yourself up for loss
1) be attached.依恋、爱慕、留恋某人某事w物
She was so attached to her home.
I’ve never seen two people so attached to each other.
2) set oneself up for loss 使某人不知如何是好、茫然、困惑.
be at a loss 不知如何是好、茫然、困惑
It left him at a complete loss.
6.Thank you for giving me the inspiration to stick around.
give me the inspiration to stick around给我坚持下去的灵感
7.You have to feel you’re contributing to something.
contribute to
1) 捐助
They contribute aid to the refugees.
2) 促成某事物
Does smoking contribute to lung cancer?
3) 投稿
He contributes to many magazines.
Dialogue 2
David Andrews, a successful business and an amateur pilot, is talking with Barbara Johnson from a news magazine, about his family.
He love his children and family very much. He thinks that every generation gets to proves on the dream of the last generation.
In this dialogue he gives us some information about what gives him the greatest personal happiness in his life.
Background knowledge
Dairy Queen
It is a chain shop in Western country that sells different kinds of ice-cream and cakes. It is very popular among the western kids.
Language Points:
1.amateur pilot业余飞行员
2.They’re everything to us , and we are secondary to them.
be secondary to sb对某人来说是次要的
Such considerations are secondary to our main aim of improving efficiency.
3.We also do the regular staff.
the regular staff最普通的事、最寻常的事
4.In other words, every generation gets to improve on the dream of the last generation.
in other words换句话说，也就是说
You say you took the book without his permission. In other words, you stole it.
Dialogue 3
Tom Lee, an established lawyer, is talking with Kate Jones, a reporter, about the impact of his childhood on his growth.
Tom Lee had a traumatic childhood. He has a loving mother and a alcoholic father. His mother and father influenced him a lot.
Language Points:
1.Tom Lee is talking with Kate Jones about the impact of his childhood on his growth.
impact on (n)对------产生巨大的影响
Her speech made a tremendous impact on everyone. (n.)
impact on (v)对------产生巨大的影响
His alcoholic father impacted a lot on him.
2. A lot of what I ultimately defined myself to be was a reaction against that.
define sb to do sth 限定某人做某事
3.He was never abusive with me or my sisters.
be abusive with sb辱骂某人
He was abusive with the person who wasted the water.
4. a tool pusher工具推销员
5.drill bits钻头
6.all of a sudden突然
7.He was admitted to the University of Oklahoma.
be admitted to do sth被------所接纳
He was admitted to the school this year.
admit sb to do sth
We admitted him to go into our room.
8.I did, but it came with a price.
come with a price 为某事付出代价
Dialogue 4
Phillip McGraw, a famous talk-show host, is talking with Laura Yorke, a reporter, about his work and family.
In this dialogue McGraw gives us some information about how to have a good family.
Background Knowledge
1.talk show host脱口秀节目主持人
talk show; a kind of very popular conversation program.
Language Points:
1.What do you mean by that?
What do you mean by --- ? 你这么说什么意思？
What do you mean by slamming the door?
2.Everybody at some point is going to have misfortune.
at some point : sometimes有时候
He at some point writes to me.
At some time I go by bus.
3.But I think that 50 percent of the solution to any problem lies in defining it first.
lie in在于
The problem lies in that we can not understand what they want to know.
4.I can be emotional compass that points them down the path.
1)emotional compass 感情上的指南针
2)point --- down给某人指路
5.The real work will start when they walk off the stage.
walk off the stage走下台、离开屏幕
6. I understand you and Robin and your two sons are an incredibly tight-knit family.
incredibly tight-knit family难得的/不常见的关系紧密的家庭
7. They don’t wind up living in a divorce situation.
wind up 终于到达某处，
We eventually wound up staying in a little hotel by the sea.
We always said he would wind up in jail.
8. If Robin and I fell off the world tomorrow, would our boys be equipped to manage their lives?
1) fall off the world离开这个世界，去世
2) be equipped to do sth装备
The solders were well equipped with weapons.
Passage
Passage:
Background knowledge:
1. Annan, the former U.N Secretary-General
African born; European and American educated; with decades of services in the U.N. system; Married to a European; possessing a quiet charisma and calm authority as chaos arises.
He is really an extraordinary person. The passage is about his experience and his personalities.
1.U.N. Secretary General联合国秘书长
2.career international civil servant职业国际公务员
Language points
1. Annan, the career international civil servant who had participated in these disasters yet somehow survived and learned from them.
participate in 参加
How many countries will be participating in the Olympic Games?
2. Given the constraints the U.N. system place on them, one can not use the word power.
Given: （prep）taking sth into account 考虑到某事物
Given the government’s record on unemployment, their chances of winning the election look poor.
Given her interest in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.
Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.
3.His task is not finished, and the U.N. is still far from what it should be.
far from sth远非、几乎与之相反、毫不
The problem is far from easy, it is in fact very difficult.
Your account is far from true.
4. When Annan takes positions in public that are displeasing to the Bush Administration, it unleashes its attack dogs.
take position 就职
5. Some observers told Annan that he should not help the U.S. out of its jam.
help --- out of its jam帮助---摆脱困境
be/get in a jam陷入困境
6. The U.S. will hand over control to Iraqi authorities.
hand over：transfer( a position of authority or power) to sb 把（权力）移交给某人
I am resigning as chairman and handing over to my deputy.
They will hand over power to an elected government.
7. Whether Annan, or anyone else, can succeed in Iraq will be determined by factors way beyond his or anyone else’s, ability to control.
succeed in sth/ doing sth 成功做某事
8. Anyone who knows him knows he wades into such problems with his usual blend of courage,
self-control, modesty and optimism.
wade into: attack sb/sth vigorously 猛烈抨击某人/某物
She waded straight into her critics with her opening remarks.
Exercises:
Exercises:
Passage 1:
1. 第一段最后一句“The house take second place while I put the studying first”.
2. 第二段最后一句“I was enjoying the money and the freedom so I turned it down.”
3. 第三段“ I’m feeling tired more often ----- one credit a year, so i t’ll take six years.
4. 第四段“I know I haven’t got the facility for essay construction --- I feel more emotionally than I do mentally.
5. 第五段第一句“Whiling claiming to be ordinary and lazy”.
Passage 2:
6.最后一段第一句“Mandela seems destined to become the president”.
7.第二段“His tireless campaigning ---- multi-racial South Africa.
8.A.第三段第一句“in the four years since he emerged from prison”. B. 最后一段第一句“Tall and dignified” C. 第二段“win him a Nobel Peace prize” D 是说treated like a pop star
而并非一个真正的“star”.
9. 文章第三段A、B、C的内容都能找到出处。
10. 最后一段最后一句“since tge 1940s, when he emerged as an energetic young ----and social scenes.”.
虚拟语气
虚拟语气Ⅰ
概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
1. 真实条件句
真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。
时态关系
句型：条件从句主句
一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形
If he comes, he will bring his violin.
典型例题（00：39：50）
The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
A. will rain
B. rains
C. rained
D. is rained
答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。
2. 非真实条件句
1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
a. 同现在事实相反的假设。
句型：条件从句主句
一般过去时should( would) +动词原形
If they were here, they would help you.
b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型：条件从句主句
过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.
If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.
含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.
含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.
c. 表示对将来的假想
句型：条件从句主句
一般过去时 should+ 动词原形
were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形
should+ 动词原形
If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
3. 混合条件句
主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
4. 虚拟条件句的倒装
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
Were they here now, they could help us.
=If they were here now, they could help us.
Had you come earlier, you would have met him
=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
Should it rain, the crops would be saved.
=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.
注意：
在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。
If I were you, I would go to look for him.
如果我是你，就会去找他。
If he were here, everything would be all right.
如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。
典型例题
_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I
B. I were
C. Were I
D. Was I
答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.
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公共英语三级考试经典语法讲解(10) 虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示与客观事实相反的假设，由i f虚拟条件从句和主句构成。 一、虚拟语气的基本内容 根据虚拟与其这种与事实相反的假设所对应的时间不同，虚拟语气的i f虚拟条件从句与主句的谓语动词分别有三类构成形式： 假设类型I f虚拟条件从句 主句与现在事实相反 D i d/w e r e W o u l d/s h o u l d d o与过去事实相反 H a d d o n e W o u l d/s h o u l d h a v e d o n e与将来事实可能相反 W e r e t o d o/d i d/s h o u l d d o W o u l d/s h o u l d d o 例：1、I w o u l d n’t t a l k t h a t w a y i f I w e r e P e t e r. 2、I f t h e w h o l e o p e r a t i o n h a d n o t b e e n p l a n n e d b e f o r e h a n d,a g r e a t d e a l o f t i m e a n d m o n e y w o u l d h a v e b e e n l o s t 3、J e a n d o e s n’t w a n t t o w o r k r i g h t a w a y b e c a u s e s h e t h i n k s t h a t i f s h e w e r e t o g e t a j o b s h e p r o b a b l y w o u l d n’t b e a b l e t o s e e h e r f r i e n d s v e r y o f t e n.
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2. I am writing to express my concern/dissatisfaction/disappointment about…。。 3. I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a complaint about…。。 4. I am writing to inform you that I find …… unsatisfactory 5. I wish to draw your attention to the problem/fault that …… 结尾： 1. I trust you will take my complaint seriously and …… 2. I will appreciate it very much if you could…。。 3. I would be perfectly satisfied if you can kindly…… 4. I understand you will give immediately attention to this matter. 5. Please let me know what you intend to do in this matter 6. In view of the inconvenience that this has caused， I feel you should…。。 7. I would like to have this matter settled by the end of…。。 道歉信 letter of apology Dear __________ My name is __________. I am __________. I’m writing this letter to complain about________(投诉事件)。 First of all， _____________. Secondly， ____________. Thirdly，_______________. Honestly speaking，_____________. The focus of the complaint is _____________. All in all， there is still much room for improvement， I do hope____________. Thank you for your time and kind consideration.
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2017年全国英语等级考试PETS-3级听力重 难点讲解(1) 观点态度题型 对话中对话者对他们谈论的人或事持什么观点或态度往往含而不露，考生只能根据对话内容的关键词、上下文甚至语气、语调的内涵意义并利用逻辑思维能力来进行判断，才能对传递的信息进行比较深层次的理解。具体表达观点、态度时，可能出现的模式有：间接表达式，不明说赞成或反对;反问否定式，常委婉地表示质疑和反对;委婉谢绝式，先表示肯定、赞成、谢意等，随后说出真实看法;看似否定实为肯定式，如why not, I can’t agree any more 等。 常见的提问方式有： How does the man/woman feel about...? What does the man/woman think of...? What does the man/woman say about...? What does the man/woman mean? 地点方向题型 这种类型的考题主要考查学生对对话地点及人物去向的判断。其中既有直接提问的，也有间接提问的。 常见的提问形式有：
Where does the conversation probably take place? Where is the woman going? Where are the two speakers? 在这类考题中，选项大部分是表示地点场所的名词，同时需注意这些名词前的介词，如in a bank, in a dining-room, at the airport, at home, on the desk, on the floor等，这些介词对判断场所非常有帮助。另外，考生应集中注意力去捕捉那些“关键词”，抓住了“关键词”，做题就容易多了。以下是一些常考的地点及相关词，也就是刚才提及的“关键词”，需重点记忆： 学校(school)：required course, elective course, quiz, professor, thesis, make-up, credits, master, dormitory, department, lecture, essay, bookshelf, application form, entrance. 旅馆(hotel)：reception, book, reservation, tip, check in, single room, double room. 饭店(restaurant)、酒吧(bar)：menu, bill, drink, dessert, soup, steak, beer, appetizer, barbecue, cheese, cream, roast, beer, drink, wine, cafeteria, dining, saloon, pub, snack, bar, recipe. 商店(department store)：supermarket, dress, color, style, fashion, price, bargain, reasonable. 医疗(medical treatment)：doctor, nurse, patient, surgery, operation, medicine, dose, pill, temperature, headache, sore throat, bad cold, fever, cough, stomachache, heart disease, cancer.
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pets 公共英语三级考试2005年-2017年真题小作文并范文合集
2005.06询价信 Directions:This part is to test your ability to do writing. You are required to write a Letter of Inquiry(询价信) according to the following information given in Chinese. You should write no less than 80 words on the Composition Sheet. 内容：我公司对贵厂生产的玩具感兴趣，能否请贵厂寄一份产品目录表和价格表。我公司是山东最大的玩具经销商，在全省各地设有分公司。如果贵厂的玩具质量令人满意，价格合理，我们将大量订货。 Dear Sir or Madam, We have seen the advertisement of your toys on television, and are very interested in your products. Will you please send us a copy of your catalogue and current price list? We are the leading toys dealers in Shandong Province and have branches in every district. If the quality of your toys is satisfactory and the prices are reasonable, we will place regular orders for fairly large numbers. We look forward to your early reply. Sincerely yours, ××× 2005.12 感谢信 Directions:This part is to test your ability to do writing. You are required to write a letter of thanks according to the following information given in Chinese. You should write no less than 80 words on the Composition Sheet. 王林给他在纽约的朋友Peter 写一封感谢信。告诉他自己已经平安回到青岛，一路上很顺利。天气也很好。现已在一家大型电脑公司开始上班，自己很喜欢这份工作。感谢他对自己在美国留学的一年时间内在生活上、学习上给予的热情帮助。邀请他夏天到青岛玩。 December 25, 2005 Dear Peter, I’m glad to tell you that I arrived in Qingdao on April 8 safe and sound. The journey was wonderful and the weather was fine all the time. Now I go to work in a large-sized computer company regularly. Everything goes smoothly. And I love this job. Thank you very much for meeting me and seeing me off at the airport. I really appreciate your kindness and great help you offered during my one year’s stay in New York. Your help did a lot of good both to my life and studies there. Summer is the best season here. I will be very happy if you can come to Qingdao and see me then. Yours truly, Wang Lin 2006.06 投诉信 Directions:This part is to test your ability to do writing. You are required to write a Letter of Complaint according to the following information given in Chinese. You should write no less than 80 words on the Composition Sheet. 请以顾客张明的名义给某商店写一封投诉信。张明宇5月28日在某商店买了一台电视
2009年3月公共英语三级真题及答案
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