外研版英语八年级下册教材原文翻译
初二下原文翻译
Module 1 Unit 1 Do you collect anything?
1 1号机组模块你收集了什么吗?
Lingling: Hi Sally! Come in and sit down. Sorry it's a bit untidy. I'll tidy up the table and chairs.
玲玲:嗨,莎莉!走了进来坐下了。对不起有点不整洁。我要收拾一下桌子和椅子。
Sally: Hey! Look at all those fans! They're berutiful! You've got a wonderful collection.
莎莉︰嘿!看一看那些球迷!他们真漂亮!你的收藏太棒了。
Lingling: Yes. I‘ve got fifty or sixty fans. Do you collect anything?
玲玲:是的。我得了50或60的球迷。你的软件是否收集什么吗?
Sally: Yes. I have a collection of dolls. And my brother collects stamps.
莎莉:是的。我搜集了她的洋娃娃。和我的弟弟收集邮票。
Daming: And I collect tickets – you know, bus tickets and train tickets!
大明:和我收集票——你知道,巴士车票和火车票!
Sally: Do you really? But my real hobby is music. I play the violin and I listen to music all the time.
莎莉:妳真的吗?但是我真正的爱好是音乐。我拉小提琴和听音乐。
Lingling: What made you so interested in music?
玲玲:什么使你对音乐如此感兴趣?
Sally: My father is a musician. I often listened to him play the violin. And he gave me my first violin
eight years ago.
莎莉:我父亲是一名音乐家。我经常听他拉小提琴。他给了我第一把小提琴八年前。
Lingling: And now music has brought you to China. When will you play next time?
玲玲:现在,音乐已经把你带到了中国。你什么时候打下一次的时间吗?
Sally: At the end of this term. There‘s a concert at Radio Beijing.
莎莉:在本学期末。有一场音乐会北京广播电台。
Daming: So can you relax now?
大明:所以你现在可以休息吗?
Sally: Well, no. I‘m going to school with you!
莎莉:嗯,不是。我要去学校和你们在一起!
Lingling: Great!
玲玲:太好了!
Sally: But not next Friday.
莎莉:但不是下星期五。
Daming: What‘s happening on Friday?
大明:发生了什麽事周五?
Sally: I‘m going to Radio Beijing. I‘m giving an interview on Starsearch!
莎莉:我要去北京广播电台。我接受采访。
Daming: I‘ve listened to that programme! People sing songs or play music, and the listeners
choose the best singer or musician.
大明:我听过那个电视节目!人们唱歌或播放音乐,听众选择最佳歌唱家或者音乐家。
Lingling: Wow! You‘re going to be really famous!
玲玲:哇!你肯定会很出名了。
Module 1 Unit 2 Hobbies can make you grow as a person.
模块1 2号机组爱好能让你作为个人的成长。
Many students have hobbies, such as reading, painting, growing vegetables in their gardens, and looking after animals. Some hobbies are relaxing and others are creative. Hobbies can make you grow as a person, develop your interests and help you learn new skills.
许多学生有爱好,比如阅读、画画、种植蔬菜在他们的花园和照顾动物。一些爱好是放松型的,其他的是创造型的。爱好能让你成长,发展你的兴趣,和帮助你学习新技能。
David Smith is a student, and his hobby is writing. During the summer of 2000, he spent four weeks on a summer camp. As well as the usual activities, such as sailing, climbing and mountain biking, there was a writing workshop with a professional writer. "She asked us to imagine that we were in a story. Then
we wrote about our experiences at the camp."
大卫·史密斯是一个学生,和他的爱好是写作。2000年的夏季,他花了四个星期在夏令营。除了日常的活动,比如航海、爬山和山地自行车,还有一个有一名职业作家的写作讨论会。"她问我们想像,我们是在一个
故事。然后我们写的关于我们的经验在营里说预言。
In senior high school David wrote a story about teenage life, and it came out as a book in 2003.
Many teenagers love his book, and as a result, David has become a successful young writer.
在高中,大卫写了一个关于青少年生活的故事,它果然来了在2003年作为一本书出版。许多青少年喜
欢他的书,结果,大卫成为了一名成功的年轻的作家。
David has been very lucky because his hobby has brought him enjoyment and success, but he is also interested in many other things. "I like playing volleyball, too," says David. "I spend some of my free time playing volleyball for my school team. Maybe I'll write more books in the future, but I'm not sure."
大卫很幸运,因为他的爱好带给他快乐和成功,但是他也对许多其他的事情感兴趣。―我也喜欢打排球,说:―大卫。―我花费我的一些空闲时间为校队打排球。也许我会多写几本书在未来,但我不确定。‖
It's sometimes difficult to remember that we shouldn't spend all our time on our favorite hobby. There are many other interesting things to do in life, and we should try to do something new or different.
有时很难记住,我们不应该花费我们所有的时间都在我们最喜欢的。还有很多其他在生活中做有趣的
事情,我们应该尝试做一些新的或不同的事情。
Module 2 Unit 1 Can you tell me where you're from?
模块2单元一你能告诉我你来自哪里?
Chen Huan: Do you know if Sally Maxwell has arrived?
陈欢:你知道萨莉·马克思威尔已经到了?
Receptionist: That's Miss Maxwell.
接待员:麦克斯威尔小姐。
Chen Huan: Hi, are you Sally?
陈欢:嗨,你是莎莉?
Sally: Yes, that's right. This is my friend Lingling, I asked you secretary whether she could come or
not.
莎莉:是的,没错。这是我的朋友玲玲,我请求您的秘书她是否能来。
Chen Huan: Oh, yes. Hi Lingling. OK, I'm going to ask you some personal questions, and record your answers. OK, here goes… Sally, welcome to China!
陈欢:噢,是的。嗨玲玲。好的,我将问你们一些个人问题,并记录你的回答。好的,开始了…莎莉,欢迎到
中国来。
Sally: Thank you.
莎莉:谢谢你。
Chen Huan: Can you tell me where you are from?
陈欢:你能告诉我你从哪里来吗?
Sally: Yes, I'm from London. I'm here with some classmates. In fact, I'm studying Chinese.
莎莉:是的,我来自伦敦。我这里有一些同学。事实上,我学习汉语。
Chen Huan: And I've heard that you play in your school orchestra.
陈欢:我听说你踢球你的学校的管弦乐队中演奏。
Sally: Yes, our last public concert will be here on Starsearch in a couple of months. But I don't know
who will come.
莎莉:是的,我们的最后一次公开音乐会将在寻星在几个月的时间。但我不知道谁会来。
Chen Huan: Can I ask you if you miss the UK, or your relations?
陈欢:我能问你是否想念英国或者你的亲属吗?
Sally: Yes, I miss my parents, but I have some close friends here.
莎莉:是的,我想念我的父母,但是我有一些亲密的朋友在这里。
Chen Huan: I know that foreigners find China very different from their own countries. What does it
feel like?
陈欢:我知道外国人发现中国与他们国家相比有很大区别。有什么感觉?
Sally: It's a very exciting place. But I don't like the word "foreigner". My visit here is all about making
friends.
莎莉:这是一个非常令人激动的地方。但是我不喜欢―外国人‖这个词。我在这里的访问都是为了交朋
友。
Chen Huan: OK, Sally, thank you. And good luck with the concert… （They stop.）That are great! So this recording will be part of the programme. By the way, why don't you bring all your friends for a visit
to Radio Beijing? Maybe sometimes next week？
陈欢:好的,莎莉,谢谢你。和好运音乐会,…(他们停止),太棒了!所以这录音将节目中的一员。顺便问一下,为什么你不带你所有的朋友访问北京广播电台吗?或许有时下个星期吗?
Lingling & Sally: OK, thanks!
玲玲和莎莉:好吧,谢谢!
Module 2 Unit 2 No one knew who I was
模块2单元二没人知道我是谁
When I was 13 years old, a boy gave me an important gift. It was a smile.
那是我13岁,一个男孩给我一个非常重要的礼物。这是一个微笑。
It was the early autumn of my first year at a junior high school, and my old school was far away. As
a result, no one knew who I was. I was very lonely, and afraid to make friends with anyone.
这是我的初秋第一年在初中,我的老学校还很远。结果,没人知道我是谁。我很孤独,而害怕广交朋友,
与任何人。
Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my heart break. I couldn't talk to anyone about my problem, and I didn't want my parents to worry about me.
每次我听到别的同学说笑,我感到我的心都碎了。我不能跟任何人关于我的问题,而我不想让我的父母
为我担心。
Then one day, my classmates talked happily with their friends, but I sat at my desk unhappily as usual. At that moment, a boy entered the classroom. I didn't know who he was. He passed me and then turned back. He looked at me and, without a word, smiled.
后来有一天,我的同学非常高兴地与他们的朋友了,但我是坐在书桌不幸的是平常的。这时,一个男孩走进了教室。我不知道他是谁。他递给我,然后回来了。他看着我,没有说话,只是微笑。
Suddenly, I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. It made me feel happy, lively and warm.
突然,我感到有一些鲜明的触摸和友好的。这让我感觉欢乐、明快的温暖。
That smile changed my life. I started to talk with the other students and made friends. Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now.
那个微笑改变了我的生活。我开始跟其他的学生,让朋友。日子一天一天过去了,我变得更接近班上的每一个人。那个带着幸运微笑的男孩现在已经成为我最好的朋友。
One day, I asked him why he smiled, but he couldn't remember smiling at me!
有一天,我问他为什么笑了,但是他不记得曾经对我笑过!
It doesn't matter because all the dark days have gone. Now I believe that the world is what you think it is, if you think you are lonely, you might always be alone. So smile at the world and it will smile
back.
没关系了,因为所有黑暗的日子已经走了。现在我相信这个世界是你想的那东西,如果你认为你很孤独,你可能总是独自一人。所以笑着对世界和它会笑了笑。
Module 3 Unit 1 Remember to look out for the red light!
模组3 1号机组记住要当心红灯!
Chen Huan: Hi, everybody.
陈欢:嗨,大家好,
Sally: We'd like to thank you for taking us around Radio Beijing.
莎莉:我们想谢谢你带我们参观北京广播电台。
Chen Huan: Don't mention it. I enjoy showing visitors around. Now, I want to answer your
questions, but remember to look out for the red light…
陈欢:别客气。我喜欢带领游客参观。现在,我想要回答你的问题,但要记住要当心红灯…
Betty: … and stop talking!
贝蒂:…,不要说话!
Chen Huan: Come this way. This is the news room. We collect the latest news and write the reports
here.
陈欢:这边走。这是新闻报道的房间。我们收集最新消息并写报道在这里。
Lingling: How can I become a newsreader?
玲玲:我怎样才能成为新闻播报员吗?
Chen Huan: On Radio Beijing everyone needs to speak English well. So keep studying, and maybe one day you can join us. Here's where I work on Starsearch. We decide what to listen to … and who to
see.
陈欢:在北京广播电台每个人都需要英语说得很好。坚持学习,也许有一天你会加入我们。在这里是哪里我工作。"明星大搜索"我们决定怎么听…谁要看的东西。
Daming: What about the sports news? I like listening to the football results.
大明:体育新闻吗?我喜欢听足球比赛的结果。
Chen Huan: That's over there.
陈欢:那在那儿。
<>I'd like to be a sports reporter.
<>我想成为一名体育记者。
<>Me, too!
<>我也是!
Chen Huan: And this is where we prepare the weather reports. Let's watch the newsreader. OK,
see the red light? Quiet, please.
陈欢:这是我们准备天气预报的地方。让我们先看一下新闻广播员。好吧,看到红灯吗?请安静。
Newsreader: Finally, some sports news about the England and China football match. England
scored two goals, and China … three.
新闻广播员:最后,有些运动消息英国和中国足球比赛。英格兰进了两个球,和中国…三个。
Daming: Hey! We won the match!
大明:嘿!我们赢了比赛!
Tony: And we lost! I hate losing!
托尼:我们输了!我讨厌输!
All: Ssh!
大家:宋承宪!
Newsreader: And tomorrow's weather – sunny in the morning, but it'll start raining in the afternoon.
And that's the end of the six o'clock news.
新闻广播员:明天的天气——早上晴朗,但它会开始像雨点般在下午进行。和就此结束了6点钟的新
闻。
Module 3 Unit 2 I Remember sitting close to the radio.
模组3单元二我记得坐在靠近收音机。
Radio Times
无线电次
―How old are you?‖ the radio studio manager at WXBN looked down at me.
―你多大了? "收音机播音室经理在WXBN低头看着我。
―Fifteen.‖ I said.
―15。‖我说。
―And you want a job in radio? Shouldn‘t you be at school?‖ he asked.
―你想要一份工作在收音机吗?你不应该在学校吗?‖他问。
How could I explain? I‘ve always loved the radio. When I was about four or five years old, I remember sitting close to the radio in the living room, listening to my favourite programmes, and to the voices of my favourite presenters. It seemed that they were speaking to me in person. At the age of nine,
I asked for jobs in small radio stations.
我怎么能解释一下好吗?我一直都很喜欢收音机。当我四、五岁时,我记得坐在靠近客厅里的收音机旁,听我最喜欢的节目,我最喜欢的播音员的声音。就好像他们跟我说话的人。在九岁的时候,我在一家小的电台
求职。
As I grew older, my interest in radio grew. One day I learnt about internet radio. Once a week, I played my favourite music from my father‘s computer to the listeners, talked about life at school, and then
closed down and did my homework.
当我慢慢长大,我感兴趣的广播了。有一天,我学习了网络广播。每周一次,我打我最喜欢的音乐,从我父的计算机向听众讲述了学校生活,然后又合上下来开始我的家庭作业。
Soon my friends at junior high school started to listen, and then they wanted to help. We prepared the weekly programmes, articles about music, sports news, jokes and the weather report (I did this by
looking out of the window).
不久我的朋友在初中开始听,然后他们想提供帮助。我们准备每周的节目,关于音乐文章,体育新闻,笑
话和天气预报(我是这样做的:从窗户里观看)。
―OK, come with me,‖ the WXBN manager said. I sat down in the studio, in front of a microphone.
He was in another room, behind the glass wall.
―好吧,随我来,"那个WXBN的经理说。我坐下来在工作室里,当着一个麦克风。他在另一个房间,在玻
璃墙壁。
―OK. Let‘s do a sound check. Just tell me what you had for breakfast.‖
―很好。让我们做一个用来检查。只要告诉我你已经吃早饭了。‖
All radio presenters begin work with the same question.
所有广播节目主持人问你同样的问题开始工作。
―I had eggs, fruit and some milk.‖
―我吃鸡蛋、水果和一些牛奶。‖
―OK, that‘s great!‖ the man behind the glass said.
―好吧,太棒了!‖那个人在玻璃说。
And this was how my first real job in radio began.
这是我的第一个真正的广播工作开始了。
Module 4 Unit 1 If you want to record, press the red button
模块四单元1如果你想录音,按红色按钮
(Irish music, with a violin…)
(爱尔兰音乐,小提琴…)
Lingling: That‘s lovely! Who‘s playing?
玲玲:好可爱哦!谁在玩?
Sally: That‘s us! Chen Huan wants a recording for his programme, and he lent me his CD recorder.
The orchestra was practising some Irish music yesterday, so I recorded it.
莎莉:那是我们!陈欢想为他的节目录音,他借给我他的CD录音机。管弦乐队昨天在练习一些爱尔兰音
乐,所以我把它录下来了。
Tony: How does it work?
托尼:这是怎样的呢?
Daming: Let‘s look at the instruction. ―If you want to turn on the recorder, press the blue button. If you want to play back, press the green button.
大明:让我们来看看指导。―如果你想打开录音机,按蓝色按钮。如果你想回放,按下绿色按钮。
(The same Irish music)
(相同的爱尔兰音乐)
Daming: You‘ve done that.
大明:你已经做了那件事。
Tony: "… and if you want to record, press the red button. If the red light doesn‘t come on, wait for
thirty second." OK, let‘s try.
托尼:―…,如果你想要录音,按红色按钮。如果红灯不亮,等待三十秒。‖好吧,让我们试一试。
Daming: Is it working?
大明:是工作吗?
(Playback: Is it working?)
汽车专业英语翻译综合
第一章汽车总论 1)Today’s average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body, engine, chassis and electrical equipment 。P1 现在的车辆一般都由15000多个分散、独立且相互配合的零部件组成。这些零部件主要分为四类：车身、发动机、底盘和电气设备。 2)The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine). Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the power train. P3 发动机作为动力设备，常见的类型是内燃机，其原理是通过发动机缸内的液体燃料燃烧而产生能量。发动机可分为两类：汽油机（点燃式）和柴油机（压燃式），都属于热力发动机。燃料燃烧产生热量使缸内气压上升，产生的能量驱动轴旋转，并传递给动力传动系。 第二章内燃机 1)Power train system: conveys the drive to the wheels 2)Steering system: controls the direction of movement 3)Suspension system: absorbs the road shocks 4)Braking system: slows down the vehicle P4 传动系把发动机输出的扭矩传递给驱动轮。传动系包括离合器（对应机械变速器）或液力变矩器（对应液力自动变速器）、变速器、驱动轴、主减速器、差速器和驱动桥。 5)Drum brakes have a drum attached to the wheel hub, and braking occurs by means of brake shoes expanding against the inside of the drum. With disc brakes, a disc attached to the wheel hub is clenched between two brake pads. P6 鼓式制动器的制动鼓和轮毂连接，制动蹄张开压紧制动鼓内侧从而产生制动。在盘式制动器上，连着轮毂的制动盘被紧紧夹在两个制动块之间。 1)Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn.The power stroke"uses up"the gas,so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture:this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves;An inlet valve allows the mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job . P10 活塞通过连杆和曲轴连接，使得气体带动曲轴旋转半圈。作功冲程耗尽了所有的气体，这样就必须采取相应的措施排出废气并且向气缸内充入新的可燃混合气：气体的运动由气门来控制。进气门使可燃混合气在恰当的时刻进入气缸，排气门使燃烧后的废气排出气缸。 2)The spark-ignition engine is an internal-combustion engine with externally supplied in ignition,which converts the energy cntained in the fuel to kinetic energy.The cycle of operations is spread over four piston strokes. To complete the full cycle it takes two revolutions of the crankshaft. P11 火花点火式发动机是由外部提供点火的内燃机，从而将含在燃料内的能量转化成动能。发动机的一个工作循环分布在活塞的四个行程中，一个完整的工作循环曲轴需要转动两圈。 3)The oil pump in the lubricating system draws oil from the oil pan and sends it to all working parts in the engine. The oil drains off and runs down into the pan. Thus,there is constant circulation of oil between the pan and the working parts of the engine. P15
外研版八年级下册英语课文及译文
Module 1 Unit 1 1 Listen and number the pictures. 1 Lingling: Guess what it is! Betty: It tastes sweet. Is it a cookie? 2 Daming: Ugh! This milk smells sour. Tony: Don’t drink it. 3 Betty: This bed feels a bit soft. Lingling: Try a harder bed. 4 Lingling: T om looks very strong! Daming: Yes. He does a lot of exercise. 2Listen again and complete the sentences. 1 Lingling: Guess what it is! Betty: It tastes sweet. Is it a cookie? 21听录音，把图画标上序号。 1 玲玲:猜猜它是什么！ 贝蒂:它尝起来很甜。是小甜饼吗？2 大明:呃！这牛奶闻起来酸了。 托尼:别喝了。 3 贝蒂:这张床摸起来有点儿软。 玲玲:试一张硬点儿的。 4 玲玲:汤姆看起来很强壮！ 大明:是的。他做很多运动。 2再听一遍录音并完成句子。 1 玲玲:猜猜它是什么！ 贝蒂:它尝起来很甜。是小甜饼吗？2 大明:呃！这牛奶闻起来酸了。 托尼:别喝了。 3 贝蒂:这张床摸起来有点儿软。 玲玲:试一张硬点儿的。 4 玲玲:汤姆看起来很强壮！ 大明:是的。他做很多运动。 3听一听，读一读。 托尼:呣……好香的味道啊！你的比萨饼看起来很好。 贝蒂:谢谢！你想尝一尝吗？ 托尼:好的。它看起来令人愉快，闻起来很香，呣，它尝起来很 好吃。 大明:顶上的是什么？ 贝蒂: 噢，那是奶酪。你想尝一块吗？大明:呃！不，谢谢。恐怕我不喜欢奶酪。它闻起来不新鲜。它气 味太强烈并且尝起来有点儿酸。贝蒂:嗯，我的巧克力甜饼现在做好
外研版英语八上课文翻译
精心整理Module 1 Unit 1 詹姆斯老师：同学们，欢迎大家返校学习。今天，我们要讨论一下学习英语的好方法。 准备好了吗？谁能提些建议？ 玲玲：在课堂上我们应该一直说英语。 很多学生请我就如何提高英语水平给出建议。下面是他们提出的三个基本问题 第一个问题是关于如何理解英文电影和英文歌曲的。湖北的李浩写道：“我喜欢看 英文电影，听英文歌曲，但我听懂得不多。我该怎么办呢？” 看电影、听歌曲是很好的英语学习方式。多看多听几遍，然后猜猜生词的意思。 每一次你都将学到新的东西。我还建议你和朋友谈一谈看过的电影或听过的歌曲。 第二个问题是关于口语的。吉林的王帆写道：“我们学校有一位来自美国的外教。
但是我比较腼腆，不敢和她说话，我该怎么办？” 你可以说：“嗨！你好！”“你喜欢中国吗？”这些都是发起话题的好方式。说话 之前，对她笑一笑。记住：别害羞，多尝试。 第三个问题是关于词汇的。安徽的张磊写道：“我把生词写下来，但是很快就忘记 了，我怎么才能记住这些生词呢？” 别担心。忘记生词是正常的！我建议你每天在纸上记下四五个单词，放在房间里。 大明：那你可要记得去看看地王大厦。它比深圳的其他许多建筑都高。 Unit 2 剑桥，伦敦和英格兰 托尼·史密斯 我来自剑桥，一座位于英格兰东部的美丽城市。剑桥位于康河河畔，有大约十二万人口。我的故乡
（剑桥）因其大学学府而名满天下。许多着名人物都在这里学习过，比如艾萨克·牛顿和查尔斯·达尔文。 那里有许多古老的建筑和教堂可以参观。学生和游客都很喜欢乘船沿着康河游览。 剑桥距离伦敦80 公里。伦敦位于英格兰南部，泰晤士河畔，拥有约750万人口，所以它比剑桥更大、 更繁华。伦敦拥有约2000 年的历史，因大本钟、白金汉宫和塔桥而闻名于世。 英格兰本身是一座岛屿的一部分，四面近海。海边的小村庄和海滩是度假的胜地。游客喜欢参观北部的低地丘陵和美丽湖泊，还有南部的山地和漂亮村庄。无论所处何地，你都会发现英格兰的郊外总是郁郁葱葱。 它。 托尼：是的。不过那是因为与买门票看所有现场比赛相比，看电视直播要便宜多了。 大明：而且待在家里比赶到体育场去简单多了。哦，快看！ 托尼：唤，他没踢进！真不走运！ 大明：没关系的。还有很多时间可以进球呢。 Unit 2
汽车专业英语翻译
About car engine Of all automobile components,an automobile engie is the most complicated assembly with dominant effects on the function of an autombile.So, the engine is generally called the"heat"of an automobile. 在汽车的所有部件中，汽车发动机是最复杂的组件，其对整车性能有着决定性的作用。因而发动机往往被称作发动机的“心脏”。 There are actually various types of engines such as electric motors,stream engines,andinternal combustion engines.The internal combustion engines seem to have almost complete dominance of the automotive field.The internal combustion engine,as its name indicates,burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the combustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. 事实上，按动力来源分发动机有很多种，如电动机、蒸汽机、外燃机等。然而内燃机似乎在发动机领域有着绝对的统治地位。就像其字面意思一样，内燃机的染料在气缸内燃烧，通过将燃烧产生气体的膨胀力转换成转动力来驱动发动机前进。 Engine is the power source of the automobile.Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder.However,this linear motion must be changed into rotary motion to turn the wheels of cars or trucks.The puston attached to the top of a connecting rod by a pin,called a piston pin or wrist pin.The bottom of the connecting rod is attached to the crankshaft.The connecting rod transmits the up-and-down motion of the piston to the crankshaft,which changes it into rotary motion.The connecting rod is mounted on the crankshaft with large bearings called rod bearing.Similar bearings, called main bearings,are used to mount the crankshaft in the block. 发动机是整部车的动力来源。能量来自于活塞在气缸内的（往复）直线运动。然而这种（往复）直线运动必须要转换成旋转运动才能驱动车轮。活塞与连杆通过一个销来连接，这个销称为活塞销。连杆的下部连接于曲拐。连杆把活塞的上下往复运动传递给曲拐，从而将往复直线运动转变成旋转运动。连杆和曲拐的连接使用大的轴承，称之为连杆轴承，类似的轴承也用于将曲轴连接到机体，称之为主轴承。 They are generally two different types of cooling system:water-cooling system and air-cooling system.Water-cooling system is more common.The cooling medium, or coolant, in them is either water or some low-freezing liquid, called antifreeze.A water-cooling system consists of the engine water jacket, thermostat, water pump, radiator, radiator cap, fan, fan drive belt and neccessary hoses. 主要有两种类型的冷却系统：水冷和风冷。水冷系统更为普遍。系统所用冷却介质或是冷却液常委水或其他低凝固点液体，称为抗凝剂。一个完整的水冷系统包括机体水套，节温器，水泵，散热器，散热器罩，风扇，风扇驱动皮带和必需的水管。 A water-cooling system means that water is used as a cooling agent to circulate through the engine to absorb the heat and carry it to the radiator for disposal.The ebgine is cooled mainly through heat transfer and heat dissipation.The heat generated by the mixture burned in the engine must be transferred from the iron or aluminum cylinder to the waterin the water jacket.The outside of the water jacket dissipates some of the heat to the air surrounding it, but most of the heat is carried by the cooling water to the radiator for dissipation.When the coolant temperature in the system reaches 90°,the termostat valve open fully, its slanted edge shutting off
外研版高中英语必修5课文翻译
必修5课文翻译 Module 1 British and American English Words,Words,Words 英式英语和美式英语在很多方面是不同的。首先，最为明显的方面是在词汇方面。有成百上千的不同的词在大西洋彼岸是不被使用的或以不同的意思被使用。有一些词是非常有名的，美国人在高速公路上驾驶时给车（automobile 汽车）加油加的是gas；而英国人通常来给车加油用的是petrol（汽油）。做为一个游客，你在伦敦将会使用underground來指地铁或在纽约使用subway，或许你将会更愿意选择用出租车taxi（英国）或cab（美国）来游览城市。 Chips or French fries？ 但是其他词语和表达方式没有这麽广泛的被人所知。美国人把手电筒成为flashlight然而在英国，它被称做torch（火炬，火把；喷灯，吹管；光芒）。在英国英语当中，排队要用queue up 而在美国要用stand in line 。有的时候同一个单词在意义上有轻微差别，这和种差别有事会使人疑惑不解。例如：Chips 在英国中指的是油炸的或热炸的薯条；在美国，Chips 是非常薄的并且是放在袋里出售的。英国人称它为Crisps英国人所熟悉并喜欢的这中薯条在大西洋彼岸却被称之为French fries 。 Have or have got ？ 在语法方面英式英语和美式英语也有一些不同。英国人通常说“have you got ...?”而美国人更愿意使用“Do you have ...?”一个美国人通常会说“My friend has just arrived .”但是一个英国人通常会说“My friend has just arrived.”介词的用法也有一定不同：我们可以比较一下，在美式英语中用on the team ,on the weekend 在英式英语中用in the team ,at the weekend 。英国人用介词的地方美国人有时会省略掉（I’ll see you Monday ;Write me soon!）。 Colour or color? 此外，在两中英语中另外两个领域的区别是拼写和发音。美国人拼写看起来似乎简单些：center, color和programme。自从四百多年以前第一批移民到来有很多的因素影响着美式发音。这个与英式英语非常相似的口音能够在美国东海岸被听到。当爱尔兰的作家乔治.萧伯纳将这个“英国和美国是被一个语言分开两个民族”这句名言时，他显然想到了他们之间的差别。但是这些区别真的很重要吗？毕竟两个国家境内口音的差别可能和两个两国之间的口音差别可能一样多。伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话要比纽约人更难。
新外研版八年级英语下册初二知识点总结
外研版英语八年级下册知识点总结 Module 1 Feelings and impressions Unit 1 1. What a delicious smell? Smell:一股气味（可数名词） _____ good advice! It’s so helpful to us. (what / How) _____ interesting the story is! (What / How) 2. nice:adj. 美味的，友好的，令人愉快的 nice weather: 好天气 be nice to sb.:对某人友好 a nice trip: 一次令人愉快的旅行 The cookie tastes nice. 这块饼干尝起来美味。 3. would like 比want 语气更委婉。 ----Would you like to stay here with us? ---- Yes, I’d like / love to. 4. lovely: 令人愉快的，可爱的修饰人或物 a lovely afternoon / girl lively: 活泼的，生动的 a lively lesson:一堂生动的课 5. I’m afraid that + 从句: 恐怕（表示歉意或让对方失望的情况）I’m afraid that I can’t come to your party tomorrow. 6. 1) a bit = a little:有点儿，有点后接/形容词/副词\形容词/副词的比较级 I feel a bit thirsty now. After the rain, people feel a bit / a little cooler. 2) a little + 不可数名词： There is a little time left. a bit of + 不可数名词： There is a bit of water in the bottle. 7. have a try: 试一试 have a / an + 名词 have a swim:游泳 have a break:休息 have a shower:洗沐浴 8. I have a sweet tooth. 我喜欢吃甜食。 9. be done: 做好了，完成了done: adj. 做好了的，完成了 10. be sure + 从句：Are you sure what you said? Be sure of / about sth.: 对……确信 I’m sure of / about the telephone number. be sure (not) to do. Sth.: 确保/ 务必（不）做某事 Be sure not to miss the early bus. 11. lucky day:幸运日 You’re a lucky boy. 你是一个幸运儿。 Good luck to you. 祝你好运。 Unit 2 1. thanks for = thank you for: 因……而感谢你 Thank you for your help. Thank you for sending me photos. 2. message: 口信、信息（可数名词） take a message:捎个口信 leave a message:留信 Information: 信息（不可数名词） a piece of information , some information 3. hear from sb. = get / receive a letter from sb. : 收到某人的来信 I heard from my uncle last week. = I got / received a letter from my uncle last week. 4. can’t wait to do sth. : 等不及/ 迫不及待做某事 I can’t wait to open the present. 5. quite: 1) quite a / an + 形容词+ 名词 quite a nice boy:一个相当好的男孩。 2) quite 修饰动词时放在动词前
汽车专业英语课文翻译4
Fuel Supply System of Gasoline Engine(UNIT SEVEN) All the gasoline engines have substantially identical fuel systems and run on a mixture consisting of fuel vapor and air. The fuel system comprises the units designed to store, clear and deliver fuel, the units intended to clean air and a unit for preparing a mixture from fuel vapor and air. In a fuel system different components are used to supply fuel from the fuel tank into the engine cylinder. Some of the important components are fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel filter, carburetor, intake manifold and fuellines or tubes connecting the tank, pump and the carburetor. The fuel tank is a fuel container used for storing fuel. It is made of sheet metal. It is attached to the vehicle frame with metal traps and is located at the rear of the vehicle. They are mounted in a boot or boot-floor pan in case of front-engined cars and small commercial vehicles. In order to strengthen the tank as well as to prevent surging of fuel when the vehicle rounds a curve of suddenly stops, baffle plates are attached to the inside of the tank. A cap is used to close the filler opening of the tank. The fuel line is attached at or near the bottom of the tank with a filtering element placed at the connection. The other components of the fuel tank are the fuel gauge sending unit, a vent pipe, receiving unit. To prevent the dirt and water from entering the luggage compartment, a sealing strip is fitted between the fuel tank and boot floor pan. Moreover to limit the transmission of frame distortion to the tank giving rise to squeaking as the metal parts get rubbed together, rubber or felt pads are often fitted between the mountings and the tank. Provision is also made against drumming of the tank by these mountings. The tank may be placed at the side of the chassis frame for convenience in case of large commercial vehicles. The length of the connecting lines or tubes from the tank to the carburetor is also restricted by this at the same time. A porous filter is attached to the outlet lines. By drawing fuel from the tank through the filter, any water in the bottom of the tank as well as any dirt into the fuel gathers on the surface of the filter. To keep the fuel always under atmospheric pressure, the filter pipe or tank is vented. In order to prevent dirt in the fuel from entering the fuel pump or carburetor, fuel filters and screens are used in the fuel system. If the dirt is not removed from the fuel, the normal operation of these units will be prevented. The engine performance will also be reduced.
外研版八年级下册英语课文电子版新
Module 1 Unit 1 It smells delicious 3 listen and read. What a delicious smell! Your pizza looks so nice. Tony: Mm…Betty: Thanks! Would you like to try some? Tony: Yes, please, it looks lovely, it smells delicious, and mm, it tastes good. that on top? Darning: What's , s cheese. Do you want to try a piece? Betty: Oh'thatt smell fresh. It smells too strong and it tastes a bit sour. 't like cheese. It doesn'm afraid I don'Darning: Ugh! No, thanks. IBetty: Well, my chocolate cookies are done now. Have a try! Darning: Thanks! They taste really sweet and they feel soft in the middle. Tony: Are you cooking lots of different things? You look very busy! m making an apple pie and a cake. There's some pizza and some cookies, and now I'Betty: Yes, I am! Darning: Apple pie sounds nice, I have a sweet tooth, you know. Shall I get the sugar? Betty: Yes, please. Oh, are you sure that's sugar? Taste it first. It might be salt! , it's OK. It tastes sweet. It's sugar. Darning: NoTony: What's this? It tastes sweet too. Betty: That's strawberry jam, for the cake. Darning: Good, everything tastes so sweet! It's my lucky day! Unit 2 I feel nervous when I speak Chinese. 2 Read Sally's email and find out which is her picture. FROM: Sally TO: Lingling SUBJECT: Re: Welcome to China. Hi Lingling, Thanks for your last message. It was great to hear from you, and I can't wait to meet you. 1 hope you will know me from my photo when I arrive at the airport. I'm quite tall, with short fair hair, and I wear glasses. I'll wear jeans and a T-shirt for the journey, but I'll also carry my warm coat. I've got your photo —you look very pretty. So I'm sure we'll find each other! Thanks for telling me about your hobbies. You sound just like me! I spend a lot of time playing classical music with my friends at school, but I also like dance music —I love dancing! I enjoy sports as well, especially tennis. My brother is in the school tennis team —I'm very proud of him! He's good at everything, but I'm not. Sometimes I get bad marks at school, and I feel sad. I should work harder. You asked me, “How do you feel about coming to China?”Well, I often feel a bit sad at first when I leave my mum and dad for a few days, and I'm quite shy when I'm with strangers. I feel nervous when I speak Chinese, but I'll be fine in a few days. I'm always sorry when I don't know how to do things in the right way, so please help me when I'm with you in China! Oh, I'm afraid of flying too. But I can't tell you how excited I am about going to China! See you next week! Love, Sally Module 2 Unit 1 I've also entered lots of speaking competitions. 3 Listen and read. Tony: Hi, Lingling. What are you doing?
外研版高中英语必修4课文翻译
Module 1未来的城市 未来的城市将会是什么样子呢？没有人确切地了解，预测也是一件很冒险的事。但有一件事是可以肯定的——它们将会先变大，然后再变小。在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。我们将会使用大量的可回收材料，例如，塑料、银、钢铁、玻璃、木头和纸。我们浪费自然资源的程度将会有所减弱。我们也将不得不更多地依赖其他能源。例如，太阳能和风能。所有的这些似乎是肯定的，但是还有许多关于城市生活的事情仍是未知的。为了获知年轻人对未来城市生活的想法，美国得克萨斯州的一位大学老师让他的学生们思考如何管理一个在2025年拥有5万人口的城市，下面是他们的一些构想： 垃圾船：为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，城市将会用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料，朝太阳发射，这样做防止了垃圾填埋和环境问题。 勤务兵网：警察逮捕罪犯时，将会向罪犯射出网状物而不是用枪。 戒烟：在未来城市范围内将禁止吸烟。只有在郊区和户外才允许吸烟。 告别商厦：将来所有的购物将会在网上进行，商品目录将会有语音指令来排序。 电话人生：每个人一出生就会给予一个电话号码，将来无论他们居住在哪儿，这个电话号码都不会更改。 娱乐：所有的娱乐形式，例如，电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他等等都将由该市政府免费提供。 汽车：所有的汽车都将由电能、太阳能或风能提供动力，并且只要轻轻按一下开关就能够改变汽车的颜色。 远程手术：随着每个城市拥有自己的远程手术门诊部，医生将能在数千里以外实施手术，远程手术将会变得十分普通。 居家度假：年长的市民和残疾人通过使用绑在头上的髙新技术相机可以周游世界。 太空遨游：普通市民遨游太空将会变得很平常，每个城市都将有自己的太空港。 Module 2 行在北京 出租车 北京大街上的出租车是24小时服务的。只要你招招手，立刻就会有出租车。它们通常都是红色车身，并且在车窗上显示每公里的路价。你要做的，就是确认司机有营运照，并且索要发票。 公交车和电车 公共交通为人们游览北京提供了低价位的出行方式。北京大约有两万多辆公交车和电车，但是，它们有时会很拥挤。最明智的做法是避免在高峰期（上午6:30-8:00，下午5:00-6:30)乘坐公交车和电车。这些车车票价格便宜，一元起价。空调车则要贵一些。公交线1到100路都是仅限于市中心内的，车号更高一些的线路，可以通达郊区。对于游人来说，最不该错过的是103路电车，它途经紫禁城和北海白塔，沿途风景令人印象深刻。如果你乘坐双层公共汽车，请务必坐在上层，这样你会一览这个飞速发展城市的亮丽风景。 小公共汽车 在一些地区，这种12个座位的小型公共汽车给人们在昂贵的出租车和拥挤的公共汽车外，提供了第三种选择。它们跟大公共汽车走同样的路线，提供有规律的服务。在小公共汽车上，即使在高峰期也能找到空位。 地铁 北京有四条地铁线，还有几条线也正在建设之中。地铁方便快捷，但在高峰期，情况会很糟糕。地铁票价单程为三元，站名用拼音标注，运营时间为上午5点到晚上11点。 三轮脚踏车
(完整版)新外研版八年级英语下册重点知识点总结
外研版八年级英语下册重点知识点 Module 1 语法：系动词:一是(be: am ,is ,are ,been ,was ,were),一觉得(feel),一好像(seem),一保持(keep) ,三变化(turn, become, get ),四起来(smell, sound ,look ,taste),后跟形容词. 知识点：1.would like =want , would like to do sth=want to do sth . 想要做某事 would like sb. to do sth .=want sb. to do sth 想要某人做某事 would you like ...? 其后用some 不用any . 句子:Would you like to do sth . 肯定回答:Yes ,please ./sure ,thanks ./Yes ,I’d like to./Yes ,I’d love to 否定回答:No, thanks ./Sorry ,I’m afraid I can’t . 2.try to do sth .尽力做某事;试图做某事;设法做某事,但不一定成功.否定式:try not to do sth. try doing sth .试着做某事,看看会发生什么情况. have a try 试一试 3.a bit 与a little 1)两者修饰动词,形容词,副词或比较级, 2)a little 可以直接修饰不可数名词,相当于a bit of 4.have a try 试试看, have a look 看一看have a headache头疼have a rest 休息 have a meeting 开会have a good time 玩得愉快have a fever发烧 5.lots of =a lot of 很多,大量,常用于肯定句中.既可修饰可数相当于many , 又可修饰不可数,相当于much . a lot 相当于very much ,多与动词连用,修饰形容词,副词的比较级. 6.提出建议:1)Let’s do sth.让我们做…吧. 2)How about /what about doing sth ?做..怎么样 3)Why not do sth ?为什么不…? 4)Would you like to do …?你愿意做….吗? 5)Shall we do …?我们做…好吗? 6)You’d better(not) do ..你最好(不)做某事. 7.Thanks for sth. =Thank you for sth. 因…而感谢.后V+ing . Thanks to 幸亏,由于,归功于. 8.leave a message留个口信, take/have a message for sb.给某人带个口信. 9.hear from sb.=get /receive a letter from sb . 收到…的来信hear about /of 得悉,听说 Hear out 听完hear to 同意 10.can’t wait to do sth .迫不及待做某事wait for 等候…,后接等待的对象,名词或代词
汽车专业英语翻译
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 引擎燃烧室 1. principle of operation 原理 Engine and power : Engine is used to produce power. The chemical energy in fuel is converted to heat by the burning of the fuel at a controlled rate. This process is called combustion. If engine combustion occurs with the power chamber. ,the engine is called internal combustion engine. If combustion takes place outside the cylinder, the engine is called an external combustion engine. Engine used in automobiles are internal combustion heat engines. Heat energy released in the combustion chamber raises the temperature of the combustion gases with the chamber. The increase in gas temperature causes the pressure of the gases to increase. The pressure developed within the combustion chamber is applied to the head of a piston to produce a usable mechanical force, which is then converted into useful mechanical power. 译: 引擎和能量: 引擎为汽车提供能量，燃料的化学能通过燃烧，转化为热能，这个过程叫燃烧。假如燃烧在燃烧室，这样的发动机叫内燃机。假如燃烧在气缸外，这样的发动机叫外燃机。 用在汽车上的一般是内燃机，热能在燃烧室释放，燃烧室气体温度升高。气体温度的升高使气体的压力曾加，燃烧室内的高压气体作用在活塞头部产生可以利用的化学能，化学能转化为机械能。 Engine T erms : Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn. The power stroke “uses up” the gas , so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture :this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves ;an inlet valve allows the new mixture to enter at the right time and an exhaust valve lets out the burnt gas after the gas has done its job. Engine terms are : TDC(Top Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farther away from the crankshaft. BDC(Bottom Dead Center):the position of the crank and piston when the piston is nearest to the crankshaft. Stroke : the distance between BDC and TDC; stroke is controlled by the crankshaft. Bore : the internal diameter of the cylinder. Swept volume : the volume between TDC and BDC Engine capacity : this is the swept volume of all the cylinder e.g. a four-stroke having a capacity of two liters(2000cm) has a cylinder swept volume of 50cm. Clearance volume: the volume of the space above the piston when it is at TDC. Compression ratio = (swept vol + clearance vol)\(clearance vol) Two-stroke : a power stroke every revolution of the crank.