高中英语读写任务主旨大意概括专项训练
读写任务中的主旨大意怎么写？
▼评分标准
▼概括的写作步骤：
1、寻找关键词文章的关键词可结合“写”的任务中的“就??”主题发表自己的看法的要求来确定。如，要求你“以约120 词谈谈你理想的大学生活”，那么所阅读的文章的主题词就应是“college/university life。”
2、确定主题句。文章的主题句首先可通过所给阅读材料的标题来确定,阅读材料的标题即是文章的论点或主题句。没有标题的文章，我们就尤应注意议论文、夹叙夹论文和说明文的第一段（总起段）和最后一段（总结段），或每一段的第一句或第二句（总起句）和最后一句（总结句）。没有主题句的需要自己组合。
3、重构主题句。概括的主题句要归纳总结性强，能涵盖后面所有的支撑句的内容。
4、重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，是补充过程或者提供证据。
▼概要句型模板
1. According to the passage, we know that... From the passage, we can know that...
2. In this passage, the writer / author states / thinks / argues that...
3. In this passage, the writer/author tells us about...
4. The story / passage is about...
5. The story / passage mainly tells us that...
6. It ' s reported th/Aast. .i.s reported in the passage, ...
▼以下是常见文体的主题句及主要内容的概括的方法和技巧。
( 1)记叙文(Narration) ：找出时间(when),地点(where),什么人(who)，做了什么事(what), 结果怎么样(how)等五要素。其中,最重要的要点是某人(who)做了何事(what) 。若是夹叙夹议的文章,还要加上作者的看法、观点、经验或感悟。
①叙事性的记叙文(Narration) 。叙事性的记叙文的主要内容的概括主要抓住记叙文的几个要素：时间、地点、人物、事件和影响或后果。
②写人的记叙文( Description )。写人的记叙文总结要点主要抓住人物的主要特点或事迹，划出关键词(所谓关键词是文中反复出现的体现主题或关联的词) 。
( 2)议论文( Argumentation )。
找出议论文的三要素，即论点、论据和结论。其关键是找出主题句或结论句。而这种文章的整体结构多数为总分结构、分总结构、平行结构等。因此，我们通常在首段或尾段，或者在各段的首句或尾句找论点。若文中有一分为二(即对立观点)的观点，两种观点都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的观点。
(3)说明文( Exposition ) 抓住关键句：文章第一段和各段第一句。 (所谓关键句主要是一些主题句即中心句) 对现象分析型说明文，要找出“现象”造“成这种现象的原因”解“决这种现象或问题的措施或建议”。
(4) 新闻报道类( News report/ News Story )以及公告类( Announcement )。中心内容往往在第一
段。写概要时注意要找出中心句，抓住关键词。
( 5)寓言故事类( Moral )。
概括寓言故事的要点包括两个部分，一是寓言故事的内容梗概，二是它说明了什么道理。
(6)发言稿：通常会很明确地表明观点或态度，写概要时要从发言者的言语中明确作者的态度，把握作者的写作目的。或先概括每段大意，进而归纳全文主旨。因此：辨认文章体裁，快速找出中心句和关键词；要求写什么就总结什么。
▼教师寄言：建议大家在试卷上标注出关键词，中心句，并在草稿纸上先起草稿，修改后，再抄在试卷上, 确保卷面整洁与合适的字数(一般为 3 行)。
案例分析——★ Practice 1：
Learning to study is not difficult. The first thing to remember is that you must be willing to learn. It doesn 'met an that you must always like the subject. It does mean, however, that you must be willing to learn whatever is necessary. Try to understand why it is important and how it will help you now and later. Knowing mathematical facts will be useful in your whole life. Knowing how to spell words makes any kind of writing easier. Sometimes the subject that you think is going to be uninteresting will be attractive when you begin to work on it. Learning things can be fun if you can try your best.
Here's o me advice for you. Have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting
for study, so that you can concentrate on your study without interruptions. Have everything
ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, paper, a pen and books. Be sure you
understand what you should learn before you start. Read carefully and pay special attention to
the most important things. When memorizing, find out the main parts and then recite the whole
thing. Check your homework after you finish it. Never forget the importance of review and
preview.
Summary
分析：该短文分为两个自然段，第一段的第一个句子提出观点：Learning to study is not difficult. 第一段的其余部分都是在阐述分析该观点的前提条件。于是，在这一部分提炼主要意思并用"if" 连接起来就是第一自然段的段落大意：The writer tells us that learning to study is not difficult if we are willing to learn and enjoy it. 第二段非常明显，第一个句子即是本段的主题句。其余部分是具体内容，应删减。但应提醒学生不可照搬，应该用自己的语言换一种说法，如：He also gives us advice on how to learn well.
然后把两个自然段的大意归并一起，得出短文的大意：The writer tells us that learning
to study is not difficult if we are willing to learn and enjoy it. He also gives us advice on how to learn well.
最后，在概括准确、全面的标准上，让学生互相交流，感受多种表达，比如：In the
author ' s opinion, if you are willing to learn and try your best, you ' ll find learning n but fun. And some suggestions are put forward to help us to learn well.
案例分析——★Practice 2 ：阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Hi, I am Mike. I just went through my first year of college. The toughest part on me at first
was the general adjustment. I went to a very small high school where my mom was a teacher and
she did practically everything for me. But at the college I needed to know some basic life skills, such as balancing a check-book, laundry, and the things you have to be able to handle that I never thought of in the high school! It was really tough for me at first and I got badly homesick.
Once that first semester was over and I got used to the college life, I loved it —good
facilities, helpful instructors, and a good library. The Students ' Union organizes vari every week. I also go to cinemas and concerts, and often spend Saturday nights in pubs and clubs.
One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things. I was on the dance team in
college and met a ton of people that way · it was so ·much easier to make friends when you had
a common ground.
［写作内容］
学校最近组织了一次中美学生交流活动，你参加其中的“大学校园生活”讨论。听完Mike 的发言之后，你准备写一份发言稿，题目是“ Preparing Myself for College Life”，内容要点包括：1. 以约30个词概括Mike 的发言要点；
2. 然后以约120个词谈谈你理想的大学生活，内容包括：
(1) 、对中学生活的感受；
(2) 、理想的大学生活；
(3) 、中学生活和大学生活的差别，以及你打算如何适应。
Summary
分析：因为写作内容中已规定了你将进行的演讲的标题“Preparing Myself for College
Life ”，而且还要求以120 个词谈谈你理想的大学生活，所以，毫无疑问，此阅读材料的关键词为“College Life 。”而此阅读材料主要表述Mike 对大学生的看法或认识，是一篇夹叙夹议型的发言稿。此发言稿共有三段，其中，第一段讲述了适应大学生活的困难，第二段则阐述了适应期过后大学生活的优点，在第三段中Mike 对大学生活提出了一个建议。而且，我们不难从文中找到主题句：第一段：The toughest part on me at first was the general adjustment. 第二段：Once that first semester was over and I got used to the college life, I loved it. 第三段：One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things. 找
到主题句后，我们所要做的就是用自己的语言将这些每段话的主题句串联成文，从而我们得出如下概括：
答案：In his talk, Mike talks about how hard it was for him to adjust to college life and that he finds college life interesting after his tough adjustment. Also, he advises college students to be active on campus. (37 words)
练习：
Passage 1
Many people go to school for an education. They learn languages, history, geography, physics, chemistry and maths. Others go to school to learn a skill so that they can make a living. School education is very important and useful. Yet no one can learn everything from school. A teacher, no matter how much he knows, can not teach his students everything they want to know. The teacher ' s job is to show his students how to learn. He teaches them how to read and how to think. Much more is to be learn outside school by the students themselves.
It is always more important to learn to study by oneself than to learn every word from the book. Great scientists, such as Einstein, Newton and Galileo, didn ' t get everything from But they were all so successful. The reason for their success is that they knew how to study. They worked hard all their lives, wasting not a single moment. They would ask many questions as they read and they did thousands of experiments.
Summary
概括范例一：Schools are the important place where people can get knowledge and skills. However, teachers ' job is not to teach students everything but to show them how to learn by themselves. Many great scientists succeeded because they knew how to self-study and use knowledge in practice.
概括范例二：Schools are the important place where people can get knowledge and skills. However, teachers ' job is not to teach students everything but to show them how to learn by themselves. Many great scientists succeeded because they knew how to self-study and use knowledge in practice.
Passage 2 （记叙文）
I took a trip to a big lake in Indonesia with my family two years ago. It was really a huge lake with beautiful scenery all around. People were amazed by the endless view in front of our eyes. Later on, unlike other girls, I volunteered to go water-skiing alone, I put on the life jacket, got on the motorboat immediately and started my engine as soon as possible.
The lake seemed broad and endless, I was so thrilled to enjoy my trip among the mountains and waters that I sped my motorboat. Then, after some time, I found myself in the middle of the endless lake. A sudden fear came around me.
I didn 't know where I was or even how far I had gone from the shore. What was worse, it began to rain and it became very cold and foggy. I rode everywhere but find no way back. It was useless for me to cry or shout for help.
I was so terrified that I began to think about all kinds of horrible things. After floating on the water helpless and hopelessly for a long time, suddenly I heard someone calling my name. Soon, a big steamboat sailed to me and they pulled me up to the deck and asked me if I was hurt, I couldn 't say a word but cried out in my father's arms.
Summary
Key: Once the writer was on a trip to a lake where she went to water-skiing alone. she was too excited and enjoyed herself that soon she got lost. Fortunately, her father came to rescue her.（35 words）Passage 3 （夹叙夹议）
Everyone has an experience they would rather forget. Some are embarrassing, some are moving, and some teach us a lesson. Here is a story of mine.
Last Sunday I went fishing. After setting up my fishing rod（钓鱼竿）with bait（鱼饵）, I sat down on the bank of the lake. But two hours later, I didn 't catch any fish. I got very angry and began to pack up my stuf（f 收拾东西）, preparing to go back home.
Just then, I saw an old man sitting near me. To my surprise, his basket was full of fish, so I went over to him, wanting to know why.“ Excuse me, but how long have you sat here”? I asked. “ About four hours, ” he answered.
“Four hours? ” I couldn 't believe my ears. very im“poYretas.n Itt to 'be sp atient,” the old man said. “ Don't consider fishing a tiring sport. Just enitj.o”y
Suddenly, I understood what he said. I must learn to be patient. Then I sat there and waited for fish patiently. I felt a fish touch the bait, but I didn 't move and waited for the right moment to reel it in（卷收钓
鱼线）. At last, I caught it. This made me very happy. In the following six hours, I caught over 10 fish.
On my way home, I thought what had happened on the bank. I gradually realized that the secret of success was patience.
Summary
Key: In this passage, the writer mainly tells us his experience of fishing and was taught an unforgettable lesson by an old man. He knew the importance of patience and finally got some fish.（33 words ）
Passage 4 （记叙文）
（09 年高考题）Jackie is perhaps the most easily annoyed koala（考拉）at the Featherdal Wildlife Park in southern Australia．All the koalas there are unhappy and complaining. You would be too if you were used to night activities and someone kept waking you up all day while you were trying to sleep it off．That ' s rig-h-st leep it off．The average koala is always half asleep because it feeds on the leaves of a special kind that makes it slee．py
The reason Jackie and her fellow koalas are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep is that they can be hugged and photographed by tourists，who make the trips to Featherdale and an increasing number of other national parks for just that special experienc．e Whatever department in the Aussie government in charge of such things is now moving to make the practice illegal，which is understandable．How would you react ，my friend ，if you were trying to sleep off a dozen times and some roun，d furry creature smelling of grass kept waking you? 【写作内容】
1.以约30 个词概括这段短文的内容；
2.然后以约120 词就“该不该禁止游客和动物拍照”进行讨论，内容包括：Summary
Key: The passage narrates that koalas who are repeatedly awoken from their deep sleep are unhappy and complaining for tourists ' taking photos. The author appeals to us to
be more kind to animals.
Passage 5 （说明文）
You may not be very familiar with “ ecotourism”— a new term in today's tourism industry —but in an era if growing environmental consciousness, it is not too difficult for us to imagine and work out the meaning of this new form of holiday.
Ecotourism is typically defined as travel to places where the unique flowers, plants, animals and the cultural heritage are the primary attractions. It is considered as a kind of responsible tourism which seriously takes ecology and culture into consideration. Therefore, programs involving the conservation and preservation of some natural and cultural sites also form a part of ecotourism.
Ecotourism is developing at great speed. According to a report by the World Tourism Organization, ecotourism in recent years has enjoyed an annual growth of about 5% worldwide. Over 80 activities have been listed for ecotourism, such as bird watching, hiking, diving, photography, mountaineering and participating in various kinds of local cultural events.
Although big cities are still the major places that absorb tourists in our society today, it looks like some
smaller towns and rural areas rich in ecological, cultural and historical resources may well become the new destination for people to visit tomorrow.
Summary
Key: Ecotourism is a new fast-developing form of holiday which attracts tourists by natural and cultural heritage, as well as historical resources. It can be a way to protect the environment.
Passage 6 （议论文）
Getting up early has been regarded as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and get up early, we would be energetic the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.
In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best conditions. 1.Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and accurately in the morning than any other time of the day. 2.If we do some morning exercise or only take a short walk in the morning, we can build our bodies and become much healthier. 3.Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. However, if we get up late, we will probably have to do everything in a great hurry.
Let us remember getting up early is a good habit and try our best to keep it. If we stick to getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit a lot from it. 【写作内容】
1.以约30 个词概括这段短文的内容；
2.然后以约120个词论述“早起的好处
Summary
Key: The passage says getting up early in the morning is a good habit that will benefit us a lot. It enables us to have a better memory, healthier body and better preparation for the day.
Passage 7 （新闻报道）
A new study shows that fat people in the United States suffer direct economic and social effects because of their size. The findings are from an 8 year study of about 100,000 people. The people studied were between the ages of 16 and 24 when the research began.
The researchers who carried out the study say they consider the people fat if they are in the top of 5% of the measurement in which weight is connected with height. For example, fat women in the study were about 160 centimeters tall and weighed about 90 kilograms. Fat men in the study were about 175 centimeters tall and weighed 100 kilograms. The researchers say that more than 1,000,000 Americans are that big.
The researchersf ound that fat young women were more likely to lose social and economic power even
高中英语语法易错题专题复习练习
高中英语语法易错题专题复习练习 1. My uncle bought me ___ MP4 as my birthday present yesterday. A. an B. a C. the D. / 【答案】A 【解析】此题题意为“叔叔昨天给我买了一个MP4 作为生日礼物”，故答案在A 和B 中选择，MP4 的首字母M 发音为元音，和首字母M 是辅音没有关系，故答案为A。 2. We decided to buy the flat because there was ____ underground station within walking distance and we could both take ___ underground to work. A. a, an B. an, an C. the, \ D. an, the 【答案】D 【解析】此题第一个空根据句意判断有一个地铁站，又根据underground 的发音 判断首字母发元音，故答案为an；第二个空考查乘地铁的两种说法by underground & take an underground，但是此处考查的是特指乘公寓附近的这个地铁去上班， 故要填the，综合两空答案为D 3. Gold is similar __ color ___ brass（黄铜）.
A. in, with B. in, to C. of, with D. of, to 【答案】B 【解析】此题考查similar 的搭配， A be similar to B ，相似于 A be the same with B，有一定混淆性，另外表达在某方面相似，搭配介词in，故答案为B。 4. What a dangerous scene! A car has missed the boy playing on the roadside __ only an inch. A. within B. for C. by D. at 【答案】C 【解析】本题题意为“一辆车差一点撞到那个在路边玩耍的男孩”，容易误导学生错选 A ，表示在一英寸以内，而真实意思是差一英尺，在英语中表示增长、降低、或者差距的正确表达是by+数字，故答案为C。 5. The girl has some balloons in her hand. One is red, ___ are yellow. A. others B. another C. the other D. the rest 【答案】D 【解析】此题题意为“那个女孩手上有一些气球，一个是红色的，其余的是黄色
完整版高一英语阅读理解专项练习
记叙文类作者：巩穹 （I）★★ Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling. In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women. 1. Why couldn't Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon? A. She couldn't get admitted to medical school B. She decided to further her education in Paris C. A serious eye problem stopped her D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States 2. What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth's chances for becoming for a doctor? A. She was a woman. B. She wrote too many letters. C. She couldn't graduate from medical school. D. She couldn't set up her hospital. 3. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital? A. Eight years B. Ten years C. Nineteen years D. Thirty-six years 4. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts”in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell except that she ______. A. became the first woman physician B. was the first woman doctor C. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children D. set up the first medical school for women 5. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______. A. England B. Paris C. the United States D. New York City 1-5 CAABC （II）★★★ Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world, having grown by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. Denmark's agriculture minister is herself an organic farmer.
高中英语语法填空专题训练附答案
Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.【答案】countries 【解析】考查名词。country是可数名词，此处由other修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故填countries. 67. 【答案】more 【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级表示更多的人，故填more. 68. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指“幸运的是”，故填Luckily. 69. 【答案】has changed 【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主语是单数，故填has changed. 70. 【答案】spoken 【解析】考查过去分词。English和动词speak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填spoken. 71. 【答案】from 【解析】考查固定短语。be different from“和…不同”，是固定短语。故填from. 72. 【答案】especially 【解析】考查副词。especial是形容词“特殊的，特别的”；especially是副词“尤其，特别”。
高中英语语法易错题训练含答案
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