英语中的外来语

英语中引进并常用的意大利语词汇一览

一.饮食类:

tiramisu 提拉米苏甜点(全世界排名第一的甜点,意思是pick me up带我走,用乳酪,奶酪,鸡蛋,苦咖啡,手指饼干制成,本人做过一万多个,属高手)

pizza 比萨饼 (老外说当年马可波罗来中国,本来学的做馅饼,回去后, 记不起来馅是怎么放进去的了,干脆放面上得了,比萨产生了)

cappuccino 卡布其诺咖啡(咖啡热后,加点牛奶,表面起一层沫,国外很便宜)

espresso 浓咖啡,苦咖啡(很浓,少加点糖,困倦时喝一口特提神)

pistachio 开心果(咱们中国也很常见了,但这个词英语专业的都不一定会)

salami 腊肠(意大利产,常切片,放在比萨饼上面)

pepperoni 辣香肠(意大利产,只稍微有点辣;普通香肠叫sausage)

scampi 炸大虾,也指去头大虾(一般带头大虾叫tiger prawn,小点的虾叫prawn,虾仁叫shrimp) saltimbocca 嘴跳肉(人人皆知的西方世界经典名菜,已被新版牛津大词典正式吸入,包括上面的tiramisu;意思是jump in the mouth,在嘴里跳,所以意译之,用里脊肉片,再压上半熟的熏火腿片,鼠尾草并用白葡萄酒稍炖即好,真好吃啊)

osso buco 牛小腿肉(带骨,烤箱焖熟的,很适合中国人口味)

carpaccio 生拌牛肉(刨成薄片,撒橄榄油,柠檬汁,盐,黑胡椒,帕马奶酪，火箭菜而成)

Marsala 马沙拉甜酒(主要用于做甜点)

risotto 炒饭,烩饭(跟咱们的差不多,用料很多种)

bolognese 肉酱(用牛肉,猪肉,芹菜,洋葱,葫罗卜,蒜绞成馅,加红酒炖成，不咸,用于意大利面中)

antipasto开胃菜拼盘(多种凉菜拼成一盘,如芦笋,火腿,西红柿,鱼罐头，蜜瓜,大虾,橄榄,腌菜,奶酪等,爽口下饭) antichoke洋蓟(中国不多见,鳞片似的花型蔬菜,很有营养,常放在比萨饼上)

broccoli 西兰花菜(这个词是我们都会的,菜也常吃)

zucchini 小角瓜(欧洲一般用courgette,一般加工腌过的用zucchini)

parmesan 帕马奶酪(很贵的一种奶酪,特鲜,味精似的,意大利面常放,炸虾等)

prosciutto 熏火腿肉(意大利产,到处都卖,半生不熟似的,可直接吃,可做菜)

pancetta 咸肉(精选加工的五花肉,有点咸,bacon也是咸肉,但质量差很多,肉的部位也不一样)

caviar 鱼子酱(这个词一般都会)

al dente 咬着软硬适度,筋道(煮面时,咬一下,不软也不硬,就用这词)

pasta 意大利面(所有意大利面的总称,细分300多种,不包括比萨)

spaghetti实心细面条(和肉酱同炒,加点帕马奶酪粉,西方第一流行菜)

linguine实心微扁细面条(和大虾,冰虾,虾仁,蛤,青口同炒,加点番茄酱)

macaroni通心面(和辣椒面,蒜片,番茄酱同炒)

penne 斜切管形面(和腊肉,蒜片,西红柿,辣椒面同炒,上瘾)

rigatoni直切管形面(和腊肉块,青椒块,洋葱块同炒,爽)

tortellini小圆馄饨面(和火腿蘑菇同炒,加点奶)

tortelloni大圆馄饨面(和火腿同炒,加点奶,清香好吃)

tagliatelle小宽面条(和blue cheese丹麦臭奶酪同炒,特香啊)

pappardelle大宽面条(和西红柿,橄榄果,小咸鱼同炒,出锅)

fusilli螺旋形面(和蒜片,角瓜片同炒)

farfalle蝴蝶形面(和蘑菇同炒出锅)

orecchiette耳形面(和西兰花同炒出锅)

panzerotti饺子面(和火腿肠炒,加牛奶出锅)

ravioli方形馄饨面(和肉酱炒一下出锅)

lasagne千层面(夹肉酱,由烤箱烤熟))

cannelloni肉卷面(由烤箱烤熟)

pasticcio千层面(夹三文鱼块,西兰花等,并由烤箱烤熟)

gorgonzola 霉味硬奶酪(臭脚味,比臭豆腐还臭,不过越吃越上瘾,特贵的)

mozzarella莫扎瑞拉奶酪(最常见的,配西红柿吃,味美)

mascarpone马士卡布尼奶酪(一种软奶酪,做甜点tiramisu的主要原料)

ricotta 瑞克塔奶酪(很软的奶酪,提于羊奶,常配熏三文鱼一起吃)

bel paese 贝尔佩斯奶酪(质地柔软滑口,常用于比萨和意大利面)

第二类:其它类,主要常见于书报阅读当中,包括建筑,艺术,文学,音乐,医药,自然等方面的词汇.

fresco 壁画

piazza 广场(注意和pizza 比萨饼区分)

portico 门廊(指带柱子的)

arcade 拱廊(房盖是拱形的)

corridor 走廊(这是个人人皆知的词)

facade 正面,外观(指建筑物的正面)

indigo 靛青,靛蓝色

intaglio 凹雕,凹版,阴文

cameo 刻有小浮雕的宝石,精彩片断

patina 铜绿,古色(就是古文物上生的绿色的锈)

graffiti 乱涂乱写(指在公共场所)

terra-cotta 赤土制的陶器,赤褐色(记词组:terra-cotta warriors兵马俑) mascara 睫毛膏(年轻男女必会日常生活用词,送礼收礼都可能见到的词) virtuoso 艺术界名家,名演奏家

maestro 艺术大师

solo 独唱,独奏

duet 二重唱,二重奏

trio 三重唱,三重奏

alto 男高音

soprano 女高音

cello 大提琴

viola 中提琴

violin 小提琴

harmonica 口琴

piano 钢琴

oboe 双簧管

bassoon 巴松管,低音管

libretto 歌剧词,歌剧剧本

opera 歌剧

orchestra 管弦乐队

sonata 奏鸣曲

concerto 协奏曲

finale 终曲,最后乐章

intermezzo 间奏曲,插曲

cadenza 华彩,装饰乐段

motto 座右铭,格言

scenario 电影脚本,未来的进程

stanza 段,节(指诗歌方面的)

sonnet 十四行诗,商籁体诗

imbroglio 纠纷,困境

manifesto 宣言(共产党宣言就是用这个词)

fiasco 惨败

incognito 乔装地,隐姓埋名

vendetta 仇杀

propaganda 宣传(政府方面的宣传)

confetti 五彩纸屑(婚礼上撒的)

torso 躯干

volcano 火山

granite 花岗岩

lava 溶岩

influenza 流行感冒

malaria 疟疾

pellagra 糙皮病

archipelago 群岛

buffalo 水牛

lagoon 泻湖,环礁湖

buffoon 小丑

bizarre 怪异的

casino 赌场

ghetto 少数民族居住区

bravo 喝彩,叫好

giraffe 长颈鹿

giro 救济支票,转帐服务

mafia 黑手党,黑帮人员

lotto 彩票

inferno 地狱般的景象,大火(电影无间道infernal affairs和此词有关)

portfolio 公事包,文件夹,

regatta 赛船会

stiletto 匕首,细高跟鞋

villa 别墅

vista 远景,展望(微软新开发的操作系统就是用这个词命名)

英语单词中的西班牙语词汇English words from Spanish origen

Abalone 鲍鱼

Adios 再见：来源于西班牙adiós

Aficionado 酷爱

Aqua 水仔细看看化妆品的瓶子上，补水的水一般用aqua , 用water太土了

Amigo 朋友：超级超级常用的词汇！

Ancho 宽广的

Anchovy 凤尾鱼

Angeleno 洛杉矶人

Armada 无敌舰队：源于西班牙语动词中armar，意味武装的

Arroyo 小溪

Avocado 鳄梨

Banana 香蕉

Barbecue 烧烤：源于西班牙语名词barbacoa

Barranca 大峡谷

Bolero 波列罗舞

Bonanza 带来好运之事，丰富的矿井

Bonito 漂亮的：非常常用！！

Breeze 微风：源于西班牙语中的brisa

Burrito 墨西哥鸡肉卷：去过肯德基的人应该都知道XD

Burro 驴，蠢材

Caballero 骑士：骑士，来源于非常著名的西班牙作家塞万提斯写的小说《堂吉诃德》中骑士的形象，caballero Cabana 小木屋

Cacique 酋长

Cafeteria 咖啡屋

Camarilla 小房子

Camino 道路

Caramba! 操！：墨西哥语

Cargo 货物，船货：来源于动词中cargar,意思是装载货物，其名词cargo

Caribbean 加勒比：不用多说，出美女的地方

Chile 红辣椒：和国家智利（Chile）一个词

Chocolate 巧克力

Cigar 雪茄

Coca 可卡：来自于亚马逊一代（尤其是哥伦比亚秘鲁巴西）的草本植物，印第安人通过咀嚼可卡液可以释放疲劳，结果之后被一个德国医生提取出可卡因就成毒品了，真悲剧...

Cojones 有勇气的，睾丸：非常地道的西班牙语词汇，注意发音：‖j‖是发‖h‖的音

Condor 秃鹫：美国国鸟

Conquistador 征服者

Corrida 斗牛

Crusade 改革运动：来源于西班牙语cruzado，意味―交叉后的‖

Desperado 亡命之徒：美国老鹰乐队非常非常出名的一首歌！

El Ni?o 厄尔尼诺现象：这个是地理常识

Embargo 禁运：来源于西班牙语动词embargar，意味封港

Fiesta 聚会

Florida 佛罗里达

Guerrilla 游击战，游击队员：来自西班牙语名词guerra，为―战争‖的意思,guerrilla为―游击战‖

Habanero 哈瓦那人

Hacienda 住宅庄园，大农场

Hombre 男人，勇士：西班牙语中man的说法，hombre！这个单词现在更多用在表示惊讶的情况，比如‖Ay hombre! How the hell you can do that to me!!!‖-―哎你妹啊！尼玛你杂会对俺做这种事呢！！‖Hurricane 飓风：来源于西班牙语名词huracán

Incommunicado 无法连接的

Junta 团体：来源于西班牙语动词juntar，意味一起

Llama 秘鲁羊驼，草泥马：是秘鲁土著Quechua词汇，英语中读作‖lama‖,西班牙语读作‖yama‖

Loco 疯狂

Macho 男子汉：西班牙语中为―雄性―的意思

Majordomo 管家

Matador 斗牛士：来源于西班牙语动词matar，意味―杀‖，matador为―杀手‖的意思

Mesa 桌子

Mestizo 混血儿（尤指拉丁民族与印第安族的）：帅哥美女全在这里！！！

Mojito 莫吉托酒

Montana 山

Mulatto 混血儿（尤指白人和黑人的）

Mosquito 蚊子

Nacho 墨西哥烤干酪辣味玉米片

Nada 什么也没有

Negro 黑的：美语中有个单词是侮辱黑人的（慎用慎用！！）：nigger，就是从这来的

Pampa 大草原，阿根廷潘帕斯草原

Patio 院子

Philippines 菲律宾

Piragua 独木舟

Playa 海滩

Poncho 斗篷

Potato 土豆：这小小的南美农作物，养活了整个地球上的人！！

Puma 南美狮，彪马

Quadroon 四分之一的混血儿：拉美人混血太厉害，以至于单词都搞这么详细...

Reconquista 再次征服

Rumba 伦巴，伦巴舞

Salsa 沙拉酱：英语中更偏向于用sauce，其实就是从salsa的发音中翻译过来的

Sierra 山丘

Siesta 午睡：墨西哥人特别懒，喜欢睡午觉，他们不会用‖take a nap‖这个句子，就说‖take a siesta‖，于是有了这个词儿。

Sombrero 墨西哥大沿帽

Taco 塔克（墨西哥食品）

Tango 探戈舞

Tequila 龙舌兰酒：我爱！:P

Tobacco 烟草：也是南美的农作物，肺癌的罪魁祸首

Tomato 西红柿：南美农作物不解释

Tornado 旋风：来源于西班牙语词汇tornar，意味―扭转‖

Turista 旅游者

Vamos! (or vomoose) 我们走吧！，匆匆离去：很地道的俚语！

英语里的法语词汇

à gogo 丰富地

in abundance. It pertains to the familiar language in French.

à la [...] 以某种方式,举止,行为……

in the manner of/in the style of [...]

à la carte 点菜

literally: on the menu; according to the menu. In restaurants it refers to ordering individual dishes rather than a fixed-price meal.

字面理解为：根据菜单点菜。在餐厅里指的是个人自行点餐，而不是选择价格固定的餐点。

à propos关于，对于

regarding/concerning (note that the correct French syntax is à propos de)

abattoir 屠宰场

slaughterhouse

accouchement 坐月子；分娩

confinement during childbirth; the process of having a baby; only this last meaning remains in French

在法语中只有分娩的意思保留了下来

acquis communautaire共同体

used in European Union law to refer to the total body of EU law accumulated thus far.

用于欧盟律法中形容整个欧盟机构组成部分

adieu告别，再会

farewell; literally means "to God," it carries more weight than "au revoir" ("goodbye", literally "Until next time"): it is definitive, implying you will never see the other person again. Depending on the context, misuse of this term can be considered as an insult, as you'll wish for the other person's death or will say that you don't wish to see the other person ever again while alive. It is used for "au revoir" in south of France[1] and to point a deprivation from someone or something.

adroit 灵活的，机敏的，熟练的

skillful, clever, in French: habile, as a "right-handed" person would be using his "right" hand, as opposed to his left one with which he would be "gauche" meaning "left".

aide-mémoire 备忘录

"memory aid"; an object or memorandum to assist in remembrance, or a diplomatic paper proposi ng the major points of discussion

allez! 上！加油！表示命令或鼓励

"go!" or "come on!", as a command or as encouragement

amuse-bouche or amuse-gueule 餐前小点心

a single, bite-sized hors d'?uvre.

ancien régime旧体制

a sociopolitical or other system that no longer exists, an allusion to pre-revolutionary France (used with capital letter in French with this meaning : Ancien Régime)

aper?u预测，第一印象，最初判断

preview; a first impression; initial insight.

apéritif 开胃酒

a before-meal drink (in familiar French, it is shortened as "apéro"). In French, it means either the drink or food (amuse-gueules....) you take before a meal. Also, in France, even if you're supposed to eat after an apéritif, it is socially accepted to take your meal at home, therefore you can have an apéritif at a bar (with or without friends), or at a friend's before going back home.

appellation contr?lée原产地命名葡萄酒，即AOC

supervised use of a name. For the conventional use of the term, see Appellation d'origine contr?lée Après moi, le déluge直译：―洪水在我身后‖，意译：―身后之事与我何干‖

literally: After me, the deluge; remark attributed to Louis XV of France; used to denigrate the attitude of someone who acts irresponsibly, without worrying on the consequences that his/her acts could have; used in reference to the impending end of a functioning French monarchy and predicting the French Revolution. No. 617 Squadron Royal Air Force, famously known as the "Dambusters", uses this as its motto. Also a verse in the song Après Moi by Regina Spektor.

出自路易十五的名句，用于形容一个人不负责任的态度，不在乎他/她的行为所带来的后果。

arête 脊，边缘

a narrow ridge. In French, also fishbone; edge of a polyhedron or graph; bridge of the nose. armoire衣橱

a type of cabinet; wardrobe.

art nouveau 新艺术

a style of decoration and architecture of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It bears a capital in French (Art nouveau).

一种19世纪末到20世纪初的装饰、建筑风格。

attaché专员/随员

a person attached to an embassy; in French is also the past participle of the ver

b attacher (= to fasten, to tight, to be linked...)

大使馆的工作人员，在法语中也是动词attacher的过去式。

Attaque au Fer 击剑

An attack on the opponent's blade in fencing, e.g. beat, expulsion, pressure.

au contraire 相反地

on the contrary.

au courant与时俱进，跟进最新的消息

up-to-date; abreast of current affairs.

au fait熟悉的,精通的,能上任的

being conversant in or with, or instructed in or with.

au jus原汁的，原汤的

literally, with juice, referring to a food course served with sauce. Often redundantly formulated, as in 'Open-faced steak sandwich, served with au jus.'. No longer used in French, except for the slan g "être au jus" (to be informed)

au pair互惠生

a young foreigner who does domestic chores in exchange for room and board. In France, those chores are mainly child care/education.

年轻的外国人通过提供家务零工服务换取食宿，在法国这些零工一般都是照顾小孩或者做家教。

au revoir!再见，一会儿见

"See you later!" In French a contraction of Au plaisir de vous revoir (to the pleasure of seeing you again).

avant-garde (pl. avant-gardes)先锋派[艺术流派之一]

applied to cutting-edge or radically innovative movements in art, music and literature; figuratively "on the edge", literally, a military term, meaning "vanguard" (which is the deformation of

avant-garde) or "advance guard", in other words, "first to attack" (antonym of arrière-garde). avant la lettre前卫的

used to describe something or someone seen as a precursor or forerunner of something (such as an artistic or political movement) before that something was recognized and named, e.g. "a

post-modernist avant la lettre", "a feminist avant la lettre"; the expression literally means before the letter, i.e. "before it had a name".

avec plaisir很荣幸地，愉快地

my pleasure (lit. "with pleasure")

ballet 芭蕾

a classical type of dance

beau geste 优雅的姿态；故作大方

literally "beautiful gesture"; gracious gesture; also, a gesture noble in form but meaningless in substance. in French : a selfless/generous/fair-play act.

Beaux-Arts美术，艺术(包括绘画、雕塑、建筑、音乐、舞蹈、木刻等)

monumental architectural style of the early 20th century made famous by the Académie des Beaux-Arts

beaucoup 很多，许多

plenty, lots of, much; merci beaucoup: thanks a lot; misused in slang, for example "beaucoup money" (French would add the preposition de : "beaucoup d'argent"), especially in New Orleans, LA. Occasionally corrupted to Bookoo, typically in the context of French influenced by Vietnamese culture.

bel esprit (pl. beaux esprits) 才子, 才华出众的人

literally "fine mind"; a cultivated, highly intelligent person

belle美女，美人

a beautiful woman or girl. Common uses of this word are in the phrases the belle of the ball (the most beautiful woman or girl present at a function) and southern belle (a beautiful woman from the southern states of the US)

Belle époque 美丽时代

a period in European social history that began during the late 19th century and lasted until World War I.

belles-lettres纯文学

literally "fine letters"; literature regarded for its aesthetic value rather than its didactic or informative content; also, light, stylish writings, usually on literary or intellectual subjects

bien fait !干得好！做得很棒！

literally "well done"; used to express schadenfreude when someone is well-deservedly punished

bien pensant 善于思考

literally "well thinking"; right thinking, orthodox. Commonly implies willful blindness to dangers or suffering faced by others. The noun form bien-pensance is rarely seen in English.

blasé疲倦不堪的,厌倦的

unimpressed with something because of over-familiarity, jaded.

Bleu celeste天蓝色

literally "sky blue", is a rarely-occurring tincture in heraldry (not being one of the seven main colours or metals or the three "staynard colours").

bon appétit祝你胃口好，祝你用餐愉快

literally "good appetite"; enjoy your meal

bon mot警语，妙语

well-chosen word(s), particularly a witty remark

bon vivant 享乐主义者，享受舒适生活的人

one who enjoys the good life, an epicurean

bon voyage祝你旅途愉快

literally "good journey"; have a good trip!

bonjour 你好（早上或下午使用的问候语）

"good day", a standard greeting in the morning or afternoon

bonne chance祝你好运

"good luck" (as in, 'I wish you good luck')

les boules 厌烦

(vulgar) literally "the balls"; meaning that whatever you are talking about is dreadful

bourgeois 中产阶级分子,商人,资产阶级

member of the bourgeoisie. The word used to refer to shopkeepers living in towns in the Middle Ages. Now the term is derogatory, and it applies to a person whose beliefs, attitudes, and practices are conventionally middle-class.

bric-à-brac(乱堆的)旧货，破烂货，乱七八糟的一堆破烂

small ornamental objects, less valuable than antiques; a collection of old furniture, china, plate and curiosities. Cf. de bric et de broc, corresponding to our "by hook or by crook", and brack, refuse. brioche 奶油蛋卷

a sweet yeast bun, kind of a crossover between a popover and a light muffin; French also use the term as slang for 'potbelly', because of the overhang effect.

法语俚语中也用这个词语形容大肚子或大腹便便的人。

brunette棕色头发的女子

a brown-haired girl. For brown-haired man, French uses brun and for a woman brune. "Brunette" is rarely used in French, unless in old literature, and its masculine form, "brunet" (for a boy), is almost unheard of.

法语中现在已经很少使用这个词。

bureau (pl. bureaux) 办公室

office. Also means "desk" in French.

这个词在法语中既有办公室也有办公桌的意思。

?a ne fait rien 不要紧，没关系

"that doesn't matter"; rendered as san fairy Ann in British WWI slang.

cachet 封印;特征;标语;药包

lit. "stamp"; a distinctive quality ; quality, prestige.

café咖啡馆

a coffee shop (also used in French for "coffee").

法语中还有咖啡的意思。

café au lait 加奶咖啡

coffee with milk; or a light-brown color. In medicine, it is also used to describe a birthmark that is of a light-brown color (café au lait spot).

医学上也用来形容浅棕色的胎记。

calque仿造,仿造词语,直译语

a copied term/thing

carte blanche[律]全权委托,署名空白纸(任人填写条件等)

unlimited authority; literally "white card" (i.e. blank check).

carte de visite名片

a calling card, literally "visiting card".

carte d'identité身份证

identity card. Its proper, but less commonly used administrative appellation, is "carte natio nale

d'identité" (national identity card), abbreviated as CNI.

c'est bon 很好，很棒

"that's good".

c'est la guerre! 这就是战争！

"That's War!"; or "Such is war!" Often used with the meaning that "this means war", but it can be sometimes used as an expression to say that war (or life in general) is harsh but that one must accept it.

可用来形容战争（或生活）很严酷但我们不得不接受。

c'est la mode. 这就是时尚。

"That's the fashion."

c'est la vie!这就是生活！

"That's life!"; or "Such is life!" It is sometimes used as an expression to say that life is harsh but that one must accept it.

可用来表达生活是严酷的但我们不得不接受。

c'est magnifique!非常棒！

"That's great!"; literally it's magnificent.

c’est tout就这么多，全部就是这些

that is everything, "That's all." See also un point c’est tout.

chacun ses go?ts / à chacun ses go?ts / à chacun son go?t / chacun à son go?t [all are used]

"to each his (their) own taste(s)" or "each to his own taste".

chaise longue躺椅

a long chair for reclining; (also rendered chaise lounge or chase lounge via folk etymology). Champs-élysées 香榭丽舍大道

literally "Elysian Fields"; Avenue des Champs-élysées, one of the largest boulevards in Paris. Often referred as simply "les Champs". Pronounced chanz-ay-lee-zay

字面意思是―乐土‖的意思，是巴黎最大的街道之一。

chanteuse 女歌手

a female singer

chapeau帽子

a hat. In French, chapeau is also an expression of congratulations similar to the English "hats off to...."

chargé d'affaires代办，临时代办

a diplomat left in charge of day to day business at a diplomatic mission. Within the United States Department of State a chargé is any officer left in charge of the mission in the absence of the titular chief of mission.

charlatan吹牛的人，江湖骗子，招摇撞骗者

a person who is a fraud, a fake, a hoaxer, a deceiver, a con artist.

chateaux en Espagne 空中楼阁

literally "castles in Spain"; imaginary projects, with little hope of realisation (means the same as "castles in the air" or "pie in the sky"). No known etymology, though it was a lready used in the 13th century in the Roman de la rose.

直译为―西班牙的城堡‖，形容臆想出来的不可实现的计划或想法。

chauffeur 司机

driver

chef d'?uvre 杰作

a masterpiece

cherchez la femme 对于一个男子举止异常又难于解释原因，就用这个表达来形容。

"look for the woman", in the sense that, when a man behaves out of character or in an otherwis e apparently inexplicable manner, the reason may be found in his trying to cover up an illicit affair with a woman, or to impress or gain favour with a woman. First used by Alexandre Dumas (père) in the third chapter of his novel Les Mohicans de Paris (1854).

chevalier d'industrie 商业骗子

"knight of industry" : one who lives by his wits, specially by swindling.

chez在……家里

at the house of : often used in the names of restaurants and the like; Chez Marie = "Marie's"

chic现代风格的，流行的，有个性的

stylish

chignon发髻

a hairstyle worn in a roll at the nape of the neck

cinéma vérité纪实电影

realism in documentary filmmaking

cinq, cinque五

five; normally referring to the 5 on dice or cards. In French, always spelt cinq.

一般是指骰子上或纸牌上的5。

cliché老一套，陈腐的

lit. negative; trite through overuse; a stereotype

clique私党，派系，阀

a small exclusive group of friends without morale; always used in a pejorative way in French. commandant 司令官

a commanding officer. In France, used for an airline pilot (le commandant de bord), in the Army as appellative for a chef de bataillon or a chef d'escadron (roughly equivalent to a major) or in the Navy for any officer from capitaine de corvette to capitaine de vaisseau (equivalent to the Army's majors, lieutenant-colonels and colonels) or for any officer heading a ship.

comme ci, comme ?a 马马虎虎，不好不坏

"like this, like that"; so-so, neither good nor bad. In French, usu. couci-cou?a.

comme il faut这是必须的；适当的，妥当的

"as it must be" : in accord with conventions or accepted standards; proper.

communiqué公报

lit. communicated; an official communication.

concierge看门人，守门，管理人

a receptionist at a hotel or residence. As they have a reputation for gossiping, concierge is also a mild insult if you call anyone who isn't a receptionist that (meaning you're a shameless gossiper). concordat契约

an agreement; a treaty; when used with a capital C in French, it refers to the treaty between the French State and Judaeo-Christian religions during the French Empire (Napoleon) : priests, ministers and rabbis became civil servants. This treaty was abolished in 1905 (law Church-State separation) but is still in use in Alsace-Lorraine (those territories were under German administration during 1871–1918)

confrère合伙人

a colleague, esp. in the medical and law professions.

congé离开，离去

a departure; in French refers to time off work

conte短篇小说，故事

a short story, a tale; in French a conte has usually a fantasy context (such as in fairytales) and always begins with the words "Il était une fois" ("Once upon a time").

contre-coup反击

against the blow

contre-jour 逆光

against daylight

contretemps不测之灾祸；意外事故；延误

an awkward clash; a delay

coquette 卖弄风骚的女人；狐狸精

a flirtatious girl; a tease

cordon sanitaire防疫封锁线

a policy of containment directed against a hostile entity or ideology; a chain of buffer states; lit. "quarantine line"

cortège 送葬队伍

a funeral procession; in French has a broader meaning and refers to all kinds of processions.

在法语中这个词可以用来表示各种游行、行进、队列等。

corvée徭役，酬劳极少甚至无偿的被迫劳作

forced labor for minimal or no pay. In French, overall an unpleasant/tedious task.

cotte d'armes盾形纹章,盾徽

coat of arms.

coup de foudre霹雳，雷电，意外

lit. thunderbolt ("strike of thunder"); a sudden unforeseen event, usually used to describe love at first sight.

这个词常用于形容一见钟情

couturier时装设计师

a fashion designer (usually refers to high fashion, rather than everyday clothes design)

crèche托儿所；幼儿园

a nativity display; more commonly (in UK), a place where children are left by their parents for short periods in the supervision of childminders; both meanings still exist in French

crème br?lée法式焦糖布丁

a dessert consisting primarily of custard and toasted sugar, that is, caramel; literally "burnt cream" crème de la crème精华，精髓

best of the best, "cream of the cream", used to describe highly skilled people or objects. A synonymous expression in French is ? fin du fin ?.

crème fra?che鲜奶油

literally "fresh cream", a heavy cream slightly soured with bacterial culture, but not as sour or as thick as sour cream

crêpe油煎鸡蛋薄饼

a thin sweet or savoury pancake eaten as a light meal or dessert

croissant法式羊角面包

a crescent-shaped bread made of flaky pastry

cri d'amour爱的歇斯底里

a "cry of love"

critique评论，批评

a critical analysis or evaluation of a work, or the art of criticizing.

cuisine minceur瘦身食物

gourmet cooking for staying thin

cul-de-sac死路

a dead-end (residential) street; literally "bottom (buttocks) of the bag".

d'accord同意

in accord; agreed; sure; OK; of course

de nouveau再一次，又一次

again; anew. Cf. de novo

de règle惯常的，合乎习惯的

according to custom;

de rigueur严格规定的

required or expected, especially in fashion or etiquette

de trop过多的，过分的

excessive, "too much"

déclassé地位低下的，失去地位的。

of inferior social status

décor装饰物，布景

the layout and furnishing of a room

découpage剪贴画，剪纸

decoration with cut paper

dénouement结果，结局

the end result

désolé对不起

sorry

diablerie魔法

witchcraft, deviltry, or, more figuratively, "wickedness"

divertissement娱乐，休闲

an amusing diversion; entertainment

dossier资料，材料

a file containing detailed information about a person; it has a much wider meaning in modern French, as any type of file, or even a computer directory

douceur de vivre生活的甜蜜

"sweetness of life"

doyen领袖，老前辈

the senior member of a group; the feminine is doyenne

droit du seigneur初夜权

"right of the lord" : the purported right of a lord in feudal times to take the virginity of one of his vassals' brides on her wedding night (in precedence to her new husband). The actual French term for this hypothetical custom is droit de cuissage (from cuisse 'thigh').

eau de toilette香水

perfume; can be shortened as eau (water); literally "grooming water." Usually refers to a product which is less expensive, because it has less aromatic compounds, and is thus used more for everyday purposes

écarté双人纸牌游戏

a card game

échappé一种脚尖点地的舞蹈

dance movement foot position

éclat 荣誉，光辉

Great brilliance, as of performance or achievement. Conspicuous success. Great acclamation or applause

en escalier坐自动扶梯

going up like stairs; the English tends to be used of text.

en plein air室外

literally "in the open air", and is particularly used to describe the act of painting outdoors.

en pointe顶端的，高峰的

(in ballet) on tiptoe. Though used in French in this same context, it is not an expression as such. A "pointe" is the ballet figure where one stands on tiptoes. The expression "en pointe", though, means "in an acute angle", and, figuratively, it qualifies the most progressive or modern things (ideas, industry...).

en principe, oui原则上是可以的

"in principle, yes" : a diplomatic way of saying 'no'

en route在路上

on the way

ennui乏味，无聊

boredom.

entre nous在我们之中

confidentially; literally "between us"

entrée入口,前菜

literally "entrance"; the first course of a meal (UK English); used to denote the main dish or course of a meal (US English).

entremets甜食（主菜和水果之前）

desserts/sweet dishes. More literally, a side dish that can be served between the courses of a meal. entrepreneur企业家

a person who undertakes and operates a new enterprise or venture and assumes some accountability for the inherent risks

Embonpoint丰满，丰腴

a plump, hourglass figure.

escargot蜗牛

snail

escritoire文具桌，写字台

writing desk; spelled "écritoire" in current French

esprit de corps团队精神

"spirit of the body [group]" : a feeling of solidarity among members of a group; morale. Often used in connection with a military force.

l'état, c'est moi!朕即国家

"I am the state!" — attributed to the archetypal absolute monarch, Louis XIV of France

étui小盒子

small ornamental case for needles or cosmetics

excusez-moi对不起，麻烦一下

excuse me; can be used sarcastically (depends on the tone)

extraordinaire卓越的，出色的

extraordinary, usually as a following adjective, as "musician extraordinaire"

et toi?你呢？

and you? (Je m'appelle (your name), Et toi ?)(my name is (your name) and yours?)

fa?ade正面，表面

the front view of an edifice (from the Italian facciata, or face); a fake persona, as in "putting on a fa?ade" (the ? is pronounced like an s)

faux假的，错的

false, ersatz, fake.

faux amis虚伪的朋友

"false friends" : words in two different languages that have the same or similar spelling, and often the same etymology but different meanings, such as the French verb rester which means "to stay" rather than "to rest"

faux pas失足

"false step" : violation of accepted, although unwritten, social rules

femme fatale无法抗拒的女人

"deadly woman" : an attractive woman who seduces and takes advantage of men in order to achieve personal goals after which she discards or abandons the victim. Used to describe an attractive woman with whom a relationship is likely to result, or has already resulted, in pain and sorrow fiancé/e未婚夫（妻）

betrothed; lit. a man/woman engaged to be married.

film noir黑色电影

a genre of dark-themed movies from the 1940s and 1950s that focus on stories of crime and immorality

fils儿子

used after a man's surname to distinguish a son from a father, as George Bush fils (in French, "fils" = son)

flambé用酒喷烧的

a cooking procedure in which alcohol (ethanol) is added to a hot pan to create a burst of flames, meaning "flamed" in French. Also used colloquially in reference to something on fire or burned.

flaneur 游手好闲的人

a gentleman stroller of city streets; an aimless idler

foie gras鹅肝

fatty liver; usually the liver of overfed goose, hence: paté de foie gras, paté made from goose liver. However, "foie gras" generally stands for "paté de foie gras" as it is the most common way to use it. folie à deux二联性精神病

a simultaneous occurrence of delusions in two closely related people, often said of an unsuitable romance.

gaffe 大错，蠢事

blunder

gar?on男孩

literally "boy" or "male servant"; sometimes used by English speakers to summon the attention of a male waiter (has a playful connotation in English but is condescending and possibly offensive in French)

garde manger食物柜

literally "keeper of the food" or pantry supervisor, refers to the task of preparing and presenting cold foods.

gauche左边

tactless, does not mean "left-handed" (which is translated in French as "gaucher"), but does mean "left"

gaucherie笨拙的

boorishness

gendarme警察

member of a gendarmerie; the word is often incorrectly used in English to refer to any French policeman.

genre类型，类别

a type or class, such as "the thriller genre"

grace à多亏了

"thanks to", "by the grace of", naming credit or fortune

habitué常客，熟人

one who regularly frequents a place

haute couture高级时装

"high sewing" : Paris-based custom-fitted clothing; trend-setting fashion

haute cuisine高级料理

upscale gastronomy; literally "upper cooking".

haute école大学校，好学校

advanced horsemanship; literally "upper school"

hauteur高度

arrogance; lit. height

huis-clos《禁止旁听》（萨特的独白剧）

"closed door" : an enclosed space such as a room or cell, where action or speech can not be seen or heard from outside; title of a play by Jean-Paul Sartre

impasse死路

a deadlock.

insouciant/e无牵无挂的

a nonchalant man/woman

ingénu/e天真的，坦率的

an innocent young man/woman, used particularly in reference to a theatrical stock character who is entirely virginal and wholesome. L'Ingénu is a famous play written by Voltaire.

j'adore我喜欢

literally, I adore. I love to the full extent.

je m'appelle 我的名字叫

my name is...

je m'en fous我不关心

"I don't give a damn "

je ne regrette rien我不后悔

"I regret nothing" (from the title of a popular song sung by édith Piaf: "Non, je ne regrette rien"). Also the phrase the UK's then Chancellor of the Exchequer Norman Lamont chose to use to describe his feelings over the events of September 16, 1992 ('Black Wednesday')

je ne sais quoi 我不知道是什么

"I-don't-know-what" : an indescribable or indefinable 'something' which distinguishes the object in question from others which are superficially similar.

je t'aime我爱你

I love you. Implies "I like you" too. The French word "aimer" implies all the different kinds of love (love = like). In order to differentiate the two, one would say simply "je t'aime" to one's love whereas one would say "je t'aime bien" (lit. I love you well) to a friend.

je suis我是

I am

jeu d'esprit妙语，趣味游戏

"play of spirit"; a witty, often light-hearted, comment or composition

jeunesse dorée游手好闲的青年

"gilded youth"; name given to a body of young dandies who, after the fall of Robespierre, strove to bring about a counter-revolution. Today used for any offspring living an affluent lifestyle.

la?cité政教分离的

separation of the State and the different Churches (at first, it concerned especially Catholicism). In France, where the concept originated, it means an absence of religious interference in government affairs and government interference in religious affairs. But the concept is often assimilated and changed by other countries. For example, in Belgium, it usually means the secular-humanist movement and school of thought.

laisser-faire放任做某事

"let do"; often used within the context of economic policy or political philosophy, meaning leaving alone, or non-interference. The phrase is the shortcut of Laissez faire, laissez passer, a doctrine first supported by the Physiocrats in the 18th century. The motto was invented by Vincent de Gournay, and it became popular among supporters of free-trade and economic liberalism. It is also used to

describe a parental style in developmental psychology, where the parent(s) does not apply rules nor guiding.

laissez-passer通行证

a travel document, a passport

lanterne rouge车队中的最后一辆车

the last-place finisher in a cycling stage race; most commonly used in connection with the Tour de France

layette新生儿衣着用品

a set of clothing and accessories for a new baby

lèse majesté谋害君主

an offense against a sovereign power; or, an attack against someone's dignity or against a custom or institution held sacred (from the Latin "crimen laesae maiestatis": the crime of injured majesty) liaison联系，交情

a close relationship or connection; an affair. The French meaning is broader; "liaison" also means bond such as in "une liaison chimique" (a chemical bond)

Liberté, égalité, Fraternité平等，自由，博爱

"Liberty, Equality/Egality, Brotherhood" (motto of the French Republic)

lieu地点

from Latin locus ("place"); in lieu of: "instead of", "in the place of". This is illustrated for instance in the English word "lieutenant", which literally means "place-holder"

littérateur文人墨客

an intellectual (can be pejorative in French, meaning someone who writes a lot but does not have a particular skill)

louche可疑的

of questionable taste;

Louis Quatorze路易十四

"Louis XIV" (of France), the Sun King, usually a reference to décor or furniture design. Also the namesake of the winner of the 1996 Preakness.

mademoiselle小姐

young unmarried lady, miss; literally "my noble young lady"

mais oui 当然是

"but of course!". Often used as a sarcastic reply in French, in order to close the debate by feigning to agree.

maison住宅，家

house

malaise不适，不舒服

a general sense of depression or unease

mal de mer晕船的

motion sickness, literally "seasickness"

Mardi gras忏悔星期二

Fat Tuesday, the last day of eating meat before Lent. Note that there isn't a capital to gras marque商标，记号

a model or brand

matériel物质

supplies and equipment, particularly in a military context (French meaning is broader and corresponds more to "hardware")

mélange混合物

a mixture

mêlée混战

a confused fight; a struggling crowd

merci beaucoup非常感谢

"Thank you very much!"

merde狗屎（粗）

"shit"

métier职业

a field of work or other activity; usually one in which one has special ability or training

milieu社会身份，中间的

social environment; setting (has also the meaning of "middle" in French.)

mirepoix 米尔普瓦调味汁

a cooking mixture of two parts onions and one part each of celery and carrots

mise en scène上映

the process of setting a stage with regard to placement of actors, scenery, properties, etc.; the stage setting or scenery of a play; surroundings, environment

moi 我

"me"; often used in English as an ironic reply to an accusation; for example, "Pretentious? Moi?" moi aussi我也是

"me too", used to show agreeing with someone

Mon ami我的朋友

my friend (male) or 'mon amie': my friend (female)

Mon Dieu! 上帝啊

my God!

monsieur (pl. messieurs) 先生

a man, a gentleman. Also used as a title, equivalent to Mr. or Sir.

montage蒙太奇

a blending of pictures, scenes, or sounds

le mot juste准确的词

"the just word"; the right word at the right time. French uses it often in the expression chercher le mot juste (to search for the right word)

moue撅嘴

a pursing together of the lips to indicate dissatisfaction, a pout

né, née出生

"born" : a man/woman’s birth name (mai den name for a woman), e.g., "Martha Washington, née n'est-ce pas?不是吗？

"isn't it [true]?"; asked rhetorically after a statement, as in "Right?"

nom de plume笔名，化名

author's pseudonym, literally "pen name". Originally an English phrase, now also used in France nouveau (pl. nouveaux ; fem. nouvelle ; fem. pl. nouvelles) 新

new

nouvelle cuisine新菜式

new cuisine

nouvelle vague新潮流

Literally meaning "new wave". Used for stating a new way or a new trend of something. Originally marked a new style of French filmmaking in the late 1950s and early 1960s, reacting against films seen as too literary (whereas the phrase "new wave" is used in French to qualify some '80's music, such as Depeche Mode.)

objet d'art 工艺品

a work of art, commonly a painting or sculpture

?uvre作品

"work", in the sense of an artist's work; by extension, an artist's entire body of work

omelette西式蛋饼

omelette

oui 是的

yes

pain au chocolat巧克力面包

lit. chocolate bread. Unlike what its name may suggest, it's not made of bread but puff pastry with chocolate inside. The term "chocolatine" is used in some Francophone areas, but not in English. papier-maché混凝纸

lit. chewed paper; a craft medium using paper and paste

par avion坐飞机

by air mail. The meaning is broader in French, it means by plane in general.

par excellence 杰出的

"by excellence" : quintessential

parvenu 新贵

a social upstart.

pas de deux双人舞

a close relationship between two people; a duet in ballet

pas de problème没问题

no problem

passe-partout万能钥匙，到处能适用的

a document or key that allows the holder to travel without hindrance from the authorities or enter any location.

pastiche 模仿作品

a derivative work; an imitation

patois方言

a dialect; jargon

père父亲

lit. father, used after a man's surname to distinguish a father from a son, as in "George B ush père." peut-être可能

perhaps, possibly, maybe

Pied-Noir原住阿尔及利亚后返回法国的侨民

literally "black foot", a European Algerian in the pre-independence state.

pied-à-terre落脚处

"foot-on-the-ground" or "foothold"; a place to stay, generally applied to the city house in contradistinction to the country estate of the wealthy

pis-aller权宜之计

"worse"; an undesirable option selected because the other choices were even worse

piste足迹，跑道

referring to skiing at a ski area (on piste) versus skiing in the back country (o ff piste).

plat du jour当天特菜

a dish served in a restaurant on a particular day but which is not part of the regular menu; literally "dish of the day"

plongeur (fem. plongeuse)跳水运动员

a male (or female) dishwasher

plus royaliste que le roi 维护别人利益比其本人更起劲

"more royalist than the king", i.e. more enthusiastic than the cause deserves

point d'appui据点（军事），支点

a location where troops are assembled prior to a battle. While this figurative meaning also exists in French, the first and literal meaning of "point d'appui" is a fixed point which a person or a thing uses in order to execute a movement (e.g. a footing in climbing or a pivot).

pomme苹果

apple

poseur装腔作势的人

"poser" : a person who pretends to be something he is not; an affected or insincere person: a wannabe

pour encourager les autres为了鼓励其他人

"to encourage others"; said of an excessive punishment meted out as an example. The original is from Voltaire's Candide and referred to the execution of Admiral John Byng.

pourboire小费

"for drink"; gratuity, tip; donner un pourboire: to tip.

prêt-à-porter现成服装

"ready to wear" (clothing off the shelf), in contrast to haute couture

première dame第一夫人

"first lady"

prie-dieu跪凳

"pray [to] God"; a type of prayer desk

prix fixe固定价格

"fixed price"; a menu where multi-course meals with only a few choices are charged at a fixed pri ce protégé/e得宠者

a man/woman who receives support from an influential mentor.

provocateur能言善辩的人

a polemicist

Quai d'Orsay凯道赛（法国外交部所在地）

address of the French foreign ministry in Paris, used to refer to the ministry itself.

Quatorze juillet7月14日法国国庆

"14th July" Bastille Day. The beginning of the French Revolution in 1789; used to refer to the Revolution itself and its ideals. It is the French National Day.

quel dommage!多遗憾

"What a pity!"

quelle horreur!多么恐怖啊！

What a horrible thing! (can be used sarcastically).

Qu'est-ce que c'est ?这是什么

"What is this/that?"

quoi de neuf?怎么了？

"What's new?" What's up?

raconteur 叙述者

a storyteller

raison d'état借口国家利益

reason of state (always with a capital "é" in French).

raison d'être存在的理由

"reason for being" : justification or purpose of existence

rapport关系，联系

to be in someone's "good graces"; to be in synch with someone; "I've developed a rapport with my co-workers"; French for: relationship

rapprochement关系接近

the establishment of cordial relations, often used in diplomacy

renaissance复兴

meaning rebirth, a cultural movement in the 14-17th centuries

reportage报道

reporting; journalism

répondez s'il vous pla?t. (RSVP) 请您回电

Please reply. Though francophones may use more usually "prière de répondre", it is common enough. (Note: RSLP ["Répondre s'il lui pla?t"] is used on old-fashioned invitations written in the 3rd person, usually in "Script" typography — at least in Belgium.)

ressentiment 不满，很怒

a deep-seated sense of aggrievement and powerlessness

restaurateur餐馆老板

a restaurant owner

Rive Gauche巴黎塞纳河的右岸

the left (southern) bank (of the River Seine in Paris). A particular mindset attributed to inhabitants of that area, which includes the Sorbonne

roi fainéant甩手国王

"do-nothing king" : an expression first used about the kings of France from 670 to 752 (Thierry III to Childeric III), who were puppets of their ministers. The term was later used about other royalty who had been made powerless, also in other countries, but lost its meaning when parliamentarism made all royals powerless.

r?le角色

a part or function of a person in a situation or an actor in a play

roman à clef根据真人真事写的小说

"novel with a key" : an account of actual persons, places or events in fictional guise

sang-froid冷血的

"cold blood" : coolness and composure under strain; stiff upper lip. Also pejorative in the phrase meurtre de sang-froid ("cold-blooded murder").

sans 没有

without

sans-culottes无套裤衩

"without knee-pants", a name the insurgent crowd in the streets of Paris gave to itself during the French Revolution, because they usually wore pantaloons (full-length pants or trousers) instead of the chic knee-length culotte of the nobles. In modern use: holding strong republican views. saperlipopette天哪（表示惊讶）

goodness me

sauté跳起的；煎炒食物

lit. jumped ; quickly fry in a small amount of oil.

savant 博学的；学者

"knowing" : a wise or learned person; in English, one exceptionally gifted in a narrow skill.

savoir-faire本领；才干

literally "know how to do"; to respond appropriately to any situation.

savoir-vivre处世之道

fact of following conventional norms within a society; etiquette (etiquette also comes from a French word, "étiquette")

s'il vous pla?t (SVP)请您

"if it pleases you", "if you please"

si vous préférez如果您喜欢

"if you prefer"

sobriquet绰号；外号

an assumed name, a nickname (often used in a pejorative way in French)

soi-disant 自称的

so-called; self-described; literally "oneself saying"

soigné注意仪表的

fashionable; polished

soirée晚会

an evening party

soup?on少量

a very small amount (In French, can also mean suspicion)

soupe du jour当日靓汤

"soup of the day", meaning the particular kind of soup offered that day.

succès d’estime只受到行家的赏识

a "success of esteem" [critical success], sometimes used pejoratively

Système D脱身的妙计

resourcefulness, or ability to work around the system; from débrouillard, one with the knack of making do. A typical phrase using this concept would translate directly to "Thanks to System D, I managed to fix this cupboard without the missing part."

tableau黑板，公告栏

chalkboard. The meaning is broader in French : all type of board (chalkboard, whiteboard, notice board...). Refers also to a painting (see tableau vivant, below) or a table (chart).

tableau vivant 由活人扮演的静态画面

literally "living picture", the term describes a striking group of suitably costumed actors or artist's models, carefully posed and often theatrically lit.

tant mieux 太好了

so much the better.

tant pis算了，活该，倒霉

"too bad," "oh well, that's tough".

tête-à-tête单独会面，密探

"head to head"; an intimate get-together or private conversation between two people.

toilette厕所

the process of dressing or grooming. Also refers in French, when plural ("les toilettes"), to the toi let room.

tour de force力气活；壮举

"feat of strength" : a masterly or brilliant stroke, creation, effect, or accomplis hment.

tout de suite立刻

lit. everything (else) follows; "at once", "immediately" (per Oxford English Dictionary).

très beau非常美

very beautiful

trompe-l'?il假象

photograph-like realism in painting; literally "trick the eye"

trou de loup有尖桩的陷阱

literally "wolf trap", a kind of booby trap.

unique独一的

One of a kind. Unique is considered a paradigmatic absolute and therefore something cannot be very unique.

vas-y!去吧

Go Ahead! Used to encourage someone (pronounced vah-zee)

va-t'en!走开

imperative form, like above, literally meaning "Go from here" but translating more closely as "Go away". Roughly equivalent to idiomatic English get lost or get out.

vendu (pl. vendus) 已售的

sellout. Lit. sold (past tense of "vendre" = to sell); used as a noun, it means someone who betrays for money.

vin de pays非名酒，普通酒

literally "county wine"; wine of a lower designated quality than appellation controlée

vinaigrette醋酸沙司

salad dressing of oil and vinegar; diminutive of vinaigre (vinegar)

vis-à-vis面对面

"face to face [with]" : in comparison with or in relation to; opposed to. From "vis" (conjugated form of "voir", to see). In French, it's also a real estate vocabulary word meaning that your windows and your neighbours' are within sighting distance (more precisely, that you can s ee inside of their home). vive [...]! 万岁

"Long live...!"; lit. "Live"; as in "Vive la France!", "Vive la République!", ―Vive la Résistance!‖, "Vive le Canada!", or "Vive le Québec libre!" (long live free Quebec, a sovereigntist slogan famously used by French President Charles de Gaulle in 1967 in Montreal). Unlike "viva" (Spanish) or "vivat" (Latin), it cannot be used as such, it needs a complement.

voilà!那就是

literally "see there"; in French it can mean simply "there it is"; in English it is generally restricted to a triumphant revelation.

volte-face大转变

a complete reversal of opinion or position, about face