《谏太宗十思疏》、《〈新序〉二则》练习答案1

《谏太宗十思疏》、《〈新序〉二则》练习答案1
《谏太宗十思疏》、《〈新序〉二则》练习答案1

《谏太宗十思疏》、《〈新序〉二则》练习(答案)

一、词语解释

必浚其泉源(浚,疏通)承天景命(景,大)臣闻求木之长(之,主谓间,取独)克终者盖寡(克,能够)则思谦冲.以自牧(冲,虚)则思慎始而敬终(敬,慎)

则思正身以黜恶(黜,排斥)简能而任之(简,选拔)可谓惟人(惟,是,表肯定或判断)诚能见可欲(诚,如果,果真)智者尽.其谋(尽,竭尽)于是脱剑致之嗣君(脱,奉献)恩所加,则思无因喜以谬赏(谬,错)此吴国之宝,非所以

..赠也(所以,用来……的)

脱千金之剑兮带丘墓(带,挂)带宝剑以过徐君(过,拜访)

延陵季子为有上国之使(为,因为)徐人嘉而歌之曰(嘉,称许,赞许)

虽然,吾心许之矣(虽然,既然这样,那么)振.之以威怒(振,通“震”,威吓)

二、古今异义,写出古义

玉人

..以为宝(玉人,雕琢玉器的工人)延陵季子将西聘.晋(聘,国与国之间遣使访问)三、词类活用

则思江海下.百川(名作对动,居……之下)必固.其根本(形作使动,使……稳固)

宏.兹九德(使动用法,使……光大)人君当神器之重.,居域中之大.(重,大,形作名,重位,大位)延陵季子将西.聘晋(西,名作状,向西)所宝.者异也(名作意动,以……为宝)

四、特殊句式

1、虽董之以严刑,振之以威怒:即使用严酷的刑法监督人民,用声威吓唬他们

诚能见可欲,则思知足以自戒:如果能看见值得(自己)想要的,就想到应该知足来警惕自己

宋人有得玉者:有(一个)得到宝玉的宋国人。

2、斯亦伐根以求木茂,塞源而欲流长者也(判断句)戒奢以俭(介词结构后置句)

此吴国之宝,非所以赠也(判断句)今死而不进,是欺心也(判断句)3、(季子)未献(之)也

先日,吾来(徐)

(我)以(之)示玉人,玉人以(之)为宝

五、问答题

1、“疏”是分条陈述的意思,是奏议的一种。奏议是臣子向皇帝陈述意见的一种文体。特点:切中时弊;建议具体;条理清晰。

2、正反论述,说理透彻;比喻论证,生动有力;骈散结合,华美流畅。

居安思危载舟覆舟择善而从垂拱而治善始善终劳身焦思

《谏太宗十思疏》、《〈新序〉二则》练习

班级:高二(5)(7)班姓名:学号:成绩:

一、词语解释(20分)

必浚.其泉源承天景.命臣闻求木之.长

克.终者盖寡则思谦冲.以自牧则思慎始而敬.终

则思正身以黜.恶简.能而任之可谓惟.人

诚.能见可欲智者尽.其谋于是脱剑致.之嗣君

恩所加,则思无因喜以谬.赏此吴国之宝,非所以

..赠也

脱千金之剑兮带.丘墓带宝剑以过.徐君

延陵季子为.有上国之使徐人嘉.而歌之曰

虽然

..,吾心许之矣振.之以威怒

二、古今异义,写出古义(4分)

玉人

..以为宝延陵季子将西聘.晋

三、指出词类活用的词语,解释含义并指出活用现象(18分)

则思江海下百川臣闻求木之长者,必固其根本

宏兹九德人中当神器之重,居域中之大

延陵季子将西聘晋子罕非无宝也,所宝者异也

四、特殊句式(35分)

1、指出下列句子的特殊句式类型并翻译成现代汉语(18分)

虽董之以严刑,振之以威怒

诚能见可欲,则思知足以自戒

宋人有得玉者

2、指出下列句子的特殊句式类型(12分)

斯亦伐根以求木茂,塞源而欲流长者也戒奢以俭

此吴国之宝,非所以赠也今死而不进,是欺心也

3、补充下列省略句的省略部分(5分)

未献也

先日,吾来

以示玉人,玉人以为宝

五、问答题(23分)

“疏”这种文体的基本特点是什么?(8分)

《谏太宗十思疏》的写作特色和语言风格有哪一些呢?请写出该文中的两个成语。(15分)

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