2019年高考英语深化复习+命题热点提分专题02代词和介词
2019年高考英语深化复习+命题热点提分专题02代词和介词
1．—Which driver was to blame?
—Why, ________! It was the child’s fault. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.
A. neither
B. each
C. either
D. both
【答案】A
2．Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of China’s Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, ______making him the richest person in China.
A. it
B. one
C. that
D. which
【答案】B
【解析】此处用one代替前面的a $28.6 billion fortune，实际上是它的同位语，后面的making him the richest person in China.是现在分词作后置定语修饰one。故选B。
3．—The exam wasn’t difficult at all, was it?
—No, but I don’t believe ________ could pass it.
A. somebody
B. anybody
C. everybody
D. nobody
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——这考试一点儿都不难，是吗?——是的，但是我认为并非所有人都能及格。根据句意是表示部分否定，故选C。
4．Many a time in life, you just need to take up all your courage and do something your heart tells you to, because it is worth ________.
A. that
B. it
C. much
D. well
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在生活中的许多时候，你只需要鼓起你所有的勇气，做一些你的心告诉你的事情，因为它是值得的。只有it可以代指前面提到的“心告诉你的事”。故选B项。
5．Some students take ________ for granted that they can learn English well so long as they do many exercises.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. them
【答案】C
【解析】take sth. for granted认为……理所当然。在此处it是形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句放在后面，故选C。
6．It is hard for us Chinese students to learn spoken English well in a family, in which ________ of the parents speaks the language.
A. none
B. neither
C. both
D. each
【答案】B
【解析】A. none没有人（三或三者以上）；B. neither两个都不；C.
both两个都；D. each每一个。句意：我们的学生很难在一个家庭里
学好英语口语，在这个家庭里父母两个人都不说这种语言。故选B。
7．It is reported that more than half of ________ surveyed on
the website say they are content with their current life.
A. whom
B. them
C. ones
D. those
【答案】D
【解析】句意：据报道，在网站上接受调查的多于一般的人说他们满
足他们现在的生活。在所给的四个选项中，只有D项those可以放在
of的后面，表示“……的那些人”。空格处后面有定语surveyed on
the website，故是表示特指，故排除C项；本句不是定语从句，因为
没有先行词，故排查A项；them表明是同一群人，后面就不需要定语
了，故排除B项；故选D项。
A. that
B. it
C. this
D. you
【答案】B
A. it
B. that
C. one
D. those
【答案】B
10．Tom hasn’t recovered from his knee injury.That’s
________we didn’t se e Tom run in the race.
A．because B．that C．why
D．what
【答案】C
【解析】句意：Tom的膝关节还没有康复。那就是我们没有看到他参加比赛的原因。这里构造表语从句，用why指代原因。故选C。11．We’re looking for a headma ster, ________ who will devote himself entirely to the cause of education.
A. he
B. that
C. the one
D. one
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们正在寻找一名校长，这名校长要把他的一生完全奉献给教育事业。此处用one代替a headmaster，是它的同位语，后面是who引导的定语从句，故选D。因为不是特指哪个校长，所以前面不加定冠词the。
12．The chairman thought ________ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.
A. that
B. it
C. this
D. him
【答案】B
A. its
B. his
C. her
D. their
【答案】D
14．Almost 90% of the most popular video games contain violence, and much of ________ is extremely violent.
A. which
B. it
C. them
D. those
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在最受欢迎的电子游戏中几乎90%都有暴力成分，并且其中有些更是极其暴力。题干中的much一词的出现可知，所修饰的应该是前面一句话中的“violence”而非“video games”，且句子有and一词连接，故不是定语从句，排除A项；用it指代前面的“violence”，故选B。
15．David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature ________he chose the course.
A．that B．what C．why D．how
【答案】A
【解析】句意： David说他选择这门课程是因为他对文学的强烈兴趣。此句考察强调句型，强调状语because of his strong interest in literature。故选A。
A. this; you to help
B. that; your helping
C. it; you to help
D. it; your helping
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定用法。appreciate后跟接if或when从句时，其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，若语义上需要接这类从句，需借助it。其后可接名 (代)词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语。故选D。
— What about some flowers?
A. herself
B. her
C. hers
D. she
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我妈妈的生日快到了。我该给她买点什么？——买些鲜花如何？用于动词get后作宾语要用宾格，故选B。
18．The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.
A. all of what
B. all of which
C. all of them
D. all of whom
【答案】D
19．____is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
A. It
B. That
C. What
D. As
【答案】D
【解析】所填词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句，关系词在从句中作主语，意思是：正如，像……一样，用as，故选D。句意：正如孩子们普遍的现象，当医生到来时Amy身体好多了。
20．To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then ________ of her colleagues.
A．that B．one
C．ones D．those
【答案】A
【解析】that指代前面the ＋ n．，表示特指。这里that指代the trust, 所以选A。
21．His failure in the mid-term exam came as no surprise ________ the fact that he had not got himself well-prepared for it.
A. but for
B. in spite of
C. as for
D. due to
【答案】D
【解析】A. but for要不是；B. in spite of尽管；C. as for至于；
D. due to由于。句意：由于他没有好好准备，他在期中考试中失败这一点也就不足为奇了。故选D。
22．________ all her effort, she failed to reach her aim.
A. Because of
B. Instead of
C. In spite of
D. Together with
【答案】C
23．It's great fun to go hiking in the valley, but ________ we shouldn't turn a blind eye to the potential risks.
A. on the other hand
B. on the contrary
C. as a matter of fact
D. as a result
【答案】A
【解析】A. on the other hand另一方面；B. on the contrary相反；
C. as a matter of fact事实上；
D. as a result结果。句意：去山
谷徒步旅行是很大的乐趣，但是，另一方面我们不应该对潜在的风险视而不见。根据句意可知选A。
24．China understands the situation and needs of underdeveloped countries on the issue of climate change and urges developed countries to support them ______ technology and finance.
A. in terms of
B. in spite of
C. owing
D. regardless of
【答案】A
【解析】A. in terms of在……方面；B. in spite of尽管；C. owing to由于；D. regardless of不顾。句意：理解不发达国家气候变化问题的情况和需要，并催促发达国家在技术和金融方面给予支持。故选A。
25．Some of the members demanded to know why they had been kept ________ the true facts until they reached the present critical stage.
A. in ignorance of
B. in the light of
C. in honor of
D. in view of
【答案】A
【解析】A.忽视，不知道；B.本着，鉴于；；C.为了纪念……；D.由于，鉴于。句意：一些成员要求知道为什么直到如此严重的时候对于真相他们还是一无所知。根据句意说明A正确。
26．After a heavy ads campaign, our market share has
increased ________ 15% ________ 60% in Asian market.
A. with, to
B. to, by
C. at, above
D. by, to
【答案】D
【解析】句意：经过一场激烈的广告运动之后，我们的市场占有率增加了15%，从而在亚洲的市场占有率增加到60%。increase by增加了；increase to增加到。故选D。
27．The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism ________ the wildlife in the area.
A. to
B. on
C. at
D. with
【答案】B
A.in possession of; in the possession of
B.have possession of; in the possession of
C. take possession of; in possession of
D. have possession of; in possession of
【答案】B
【解析】因为 have possession of意思是：“拥有”.be in the possession of的意思是：“为某人所占有”.整个句意是：“——站在那里的那个年轻人拥有这家公司吗”?“——不,这家公司是他父亲拥有”.
29．My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice _______ expensive.
A. as
B. so
C. too
D.
very
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查倍数的表达：倍数+as. . . as. . . 结构。句意为：我叔叔在闹市区的房子比我们（不在闹市）的房子要小得多，但是它的价格却是我们的房子价格的两倍。it is twice as expensive后面省略了as ours，所以选A。
30．I still remember ________ one occasion, we were sitting ________ the shade of a big tree playing and chatting happily. A．on; in B．at; under
C．in; under D．at; in
【答案】A
31．It was raining heavily. Little Tom felt cold so she stood ______ to her mother.
A. closely
B. closed
C. closing
D. close 【答案】D
【解析】句意：天下着大雨，小汤姆很冷紧挨着母亲站着。修饰动词stood用副词，close指具体的近， closely指抽象的近。此处表示具体的挨得近，故选D.
32．Little Tom cured himself ______ the habit of lying.
A. to
B. from
C. for
D. of
【答案】D
【解析】句意：小汤姆改正了自己说谎的毛病。cure sb. of sth.“改正某人的不良行为”，故选D.
33．They knew nothing about the war _______ they heard from
the radio.
A. besides
B. except
C. except what
D. except for
【答案】C
【解析】句意：除了从收音机中听到的，他们对战争一无所知。except “除…外没有”；besides“除…外还有”，从句中what做宾语指听到的内容，故选C.
34．I am tired ________ the partner I have been working with; he is too hard a person ________.
A. with; to get along with
B. from; to get along with
C. of; to get along with
D. of; getting along with
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语。be tired of厌倦了某事；be tired with因……而疲惫；be tired from因……而厌倦。be too +adj+ to do sth 太……而不能做……。句意：我厌倦了和我共事的合伙人；他太难相处了。故选C。
35．He said that he had visited his teachers in the junior middle school ________.
A. two weeks before
B. last week
C. a week ago
D. before two weeks
【答案】A
【解析】考查时间状语的运用。这个句子属于过去完成时，所以排除B、C(属于过去式的表达)。before一般用在过去完成时，但before位置居后。故选A。
36．Granny filled the hole ________ oil ________ water in order to put the key into the lock easily.
A. by; instead of
B. of; instead of
C. with; instead
D. with; instead of
【答案】D
37．Our teacher tells us that it’s dangerous to shelter ________ the rain under the trees in summer.
A. against
B. from
C. in
D. under
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词。句意：我们的老师告诉我们夏天在树底下避雨是危险的。shelter from躲避……，故选B。
38．Andrew was very tired ________ shopping for a whole afternoon but his wife still wanted to go to another shop.
A. of
B. from
C. to
D. at
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配。be tired from因……感到累。句意：Andrew 因为整个下午购物而感到很累，但是他的妻子仍然想要去另一家商店。
故选B。
39．You said you took away the dictionary without his permission. ________, you stole it.
A. In one word
B. In words
C. In other words
D. In a word
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语。短语in a word和in one word意为“总之”；in words用语言；in other words换句话说（通常连接同位语）；句意：你说未经他的允许你就拿走了字典，也就是说你偷走了字典。根据句意可知，前后两句表示相同的含义，属于同位语关系。故C项正确。
40．If you are not familiar ________ the topic, you may write something that is familiar ________ you.
A. with; with
B. to; to
C. to; with
D. with; to
【答案】D
高考英语介词专题复习.doc
高考英语介词专题复习 一﹑考点聚焦 1、介词的分类与语法功能 （1）介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等）构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。 介词分为：简单介词，如at、in、for等；合成介词，如within、inside、onto、throughout 等；短语介词，如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of等。双重介词，如from behind / above / under、until after等。 分词介词，如considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。 常见的介词宾语：名词、代词、动名词、从句、疑问词加不定式等。 （2）介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。 2、介词搭配 （1）“动词+介词”搭配：注意特定搭配与同一介词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。（2）常见“形容词+ 介词”搭配。 （3）“名词+ 介词”要注意习惯搭配和意义区分。 3、核心介词用法归纳与辨析 （1）表示时间的介词in的用法如下。 表示在某一较长时间内，如世纪、年、月、季、周等一般用介词in，还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。 （2）在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕，常用on。 (3)表示某一时刻或某一点时间用at,如小时、分钟等。 注意：有些时间名词前不接介词。如： next day、last Sunday、that morning、these years one、each、any、every、some、all修饰时,一般不用介词,如some day one day、yesterday / afternoon, the night before （4）till、until、to的用法。 ①till(until)与持续动词连用一般用于肯定句中，与短暂动词连用一般用在否定句中。 但注意：在句首出现或强调句型中一般不用till而用until。 ②to表“终结”时常用和from连用，但要注意不与from连用时的意义。 （5）in、after、later ①in + 一段时间：表示说话时为起点一段时间之后，与一般将来时连用；但表示“在……之内”时，用于各种时态。 ②一段时间+ later(later是副词)：表示某一具体时间或某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后。 ③after + 一段时间表示：“在……之后”，用于一般过去时；但时间为点时间时，只能用after,即after + 点时间，用于各种时态。 另外，in + 一段时间+ ’s + time 与within + 一段时间的用法如下： in a week’s time = in a week They will arrive in three days’ time.(与将来时连用) My brother’s birthday is in two weeks’ time.（作表语） I’ll finish the book within two weeks.(within = in less than…用于各种时态，不超出，在……之内) （6）地点介词at、on、in、to、across、through、over、under、below。 （7）表示方式、手段、工具的介词
2020年高考英语语法《名词和介词》复习：单句改错
2020年高考英语语法《名词和介词》复习：单句改错1．(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！”“Slow down！” 答案：The instructor kept repeating the word words，“Speed up！”“Slow down！” 2．(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road. 答案：It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on of the road. 3．(2017·高考全国卷Ⅲ)When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies. 答案：When I look at this picture of myself，I realize how fast time flies. 4．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. 答案：My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest honesty. 5．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅱ)If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. 答案：If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden our view and gain knowledges knowledge we cannot get from books. 6．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅲ)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. 答案：The teenage year years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. 7．(2016·高考四川卷)，but she has to do most of the houseworks. 答案：，but she has to do most of the houseworks housework. 8．(2016·高考浙江卷)When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years later. 答案：When I was a very young children child，my father created a regular practice I remember well years later. 9．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Now I am leaving home to college. 答案：Now I am leaving home to for college. 10．My soccer coach retired in last week. 答案：My soccer coach retired last week.
高考英语(江西专用)一轮复习语法专项：介词与介词短语
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高中英语介词练习【含练习-部分高考题】
介词 介词的句法功能 介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
1、作定语：The book on the table is mine. 2、作状语：We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）；They were late for meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）；They started the machine by pressing the button.（表方法） 3、作表语：My dictionary is in the bag. 4、作宾语补足语：I found him in the office. （二）主要介词区别 1、表示时间的at, in, on：at表示片刻的时间，如：at 8 o’clock ，常用词组有：at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year等。in表示一段的时间，如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future等。on总是跟日子有关，on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning等。 2、表示时间的since和from：since表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成时连用。from表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995. 3、表示时间的in和after：两者都表示“在（某个时间）之后，区别在于in表示“在（一段时间）之后”，而after则表示“在（某一具体时间点之后）”，in短语和将来时态连用，after短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。如：We’ll be back in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What shall we do after graduation? 注意：after有时也可以表示在一段时间之后（常用在过去时里）。如：After two months he returned. 4、表示地理位置的in, on, to：in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to 指在某环境范围之外。如：Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is to the east of China. 5、表示“在……上”的on和in：on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物一部分。如：There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall. 6、表示“穿过……”的through和across：through表示从内部通过，与in 有关；across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过，与on有关。如：Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street. 7、in the corner, on the corner, at the corner：in the corner 表示在角落里，in指角的内面；on the corner表示“在角上”，on指的不是内面，也不是外面，而含内外兼有之意；at the corner指“在拐角处”，at指的是拐角外附近的外面。如：The lamp stands in the corner of the room./ I met with him at the street corner./ He sat on the corner of the table. 8、in the end, at the end of, by the end of：in the end作“最后”、“终于”解，可单独使用，后不接介词of；at the end of 表示“在……末梢”，“到……尽头”，既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用；by the end of 作“在……结束时”，“到……末为止”解，只能指时间。不可单独使用。如：In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the end of the road stands a beautiful
高考英语二轮复习第1部分提升语法运用第9讲代词和介词
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高考英语介词知识点知识点总复习
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2021届新高考版高考英语一轮复习教师用书：第2部分 专题三 介词和介词短语
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高考英语一轮复习讲解：介词及介词短语 【知识要点】 介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。 1.介词可按其构成分为： （1）简单介词，即一个介词，如about，at，in，of，since等。 （2）复合介词，由两个介词组成，如as for，as to，out of等。 （3）二重介词，由两个介词搭配而成，但没有复合介词那样固定，如from under，from behind，until after，except in等。 （4）短语介词，由短语构成，如according to，because of，in spite of，on behalf of，with reference to 等。 （5）分词介词，由现在分词构成，如regarding，concerning，including等。 2.介词还可按其词义分为下列常见的几种： （1）表地点（包括动向），如about， above，across，after，along，among，around，at，before，behind，below，beneath，beside，between，beyond，by，down，from，in，into，near，off，on，over，through，throughout，to，towards，under，up，upon，with，within，without等。 ［注］有不少表地点的介词可表动向，除很明显的across，around，over，towards，near外，还有among，behind，beneath，between，on，to，under等。 （2）表时间，如about，after，around，as，at，before，behind，between，by，during，for，from，in，into，of，on，over，past，since，through，throughout，till（until），to，towards，within等。 （3）表除去，如besides，but，except等。 （4）表比较，如as，like，above，over等。 （5）表反对，如against，with等。 （6）表原因、目的，如for，with，from等。 （7）表结果，如to，with，without等。 （8）表手段、方式，如by，in，with等。 （9）表所属，如of，with等。 （10）表条件，如on，without，considering等。 （11）表让步，如despite，in spite of等。 （12）表关于，如about，concerning，regarding，with regard to，as for，as to等。
高考英语介词用法总结(完整)
高考英语介词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择介词 1．These comments came ______________ specific questions often asked by local newsmen. A．in memory of B．in response to C．in touch with D．in possession of 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：这些评论是对某些经常被当地新闻人问到的问题的回应。A. in memory of 纪念， B. in response to回应，C. in touch with联系，D. in possession of拥有。分析句子成分知道空格处为介词短语起连接状语的作用，根据常识和句意，评论应该是对问题的回应。所以答案应该是B. in response to回应。 【名师点睛】介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。本题考查的介词短语结构是介词+名词+介词的形式，本句另外还含有一个过去分词（asked by local newsmen）作定语的用法。 【详解】 请在此输入详解！ 【点睛】 请在此输入点睛！ 2．Bless your heart, I know you didn’t break the vase ________. Don’t cry！ A．on purpose B．by accident C．on business D．by mistake 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查介词短语。句意：好了好了，我知道你不是故意打破花瓶的。别哭了！A.故意地；B.偶然；C.出差；D.错误地。根据Don’t cry！可知，打破花瓶不是故意的。故选A。 3．At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _______. A．out of sight B．out of reach C．out of order D．out of place