张汉熙《高级英语(1)》(第3版重排版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】(11-1

Lesson11The Way to Rainy Mountain

一、词汇短语

1.blizzard[]n.a severe snowstorm characterized by cold

temperatures and heavy drifting of snow大风雪

2.anvil[]n.an iron block on which a blacksmith puts hot pieces of

metal before shaping them with a hammer铁砧，[解]砧骨

3.brittle[]adj.hard but easily broken易碎的，脆弱的

4.hickory[]n.the hard wood of the N American hickory tree山核桃属植物

5.pecan[]n.the nut of the American pecan tree with a smooth

pinkish-brown shell美洲山核桃树

6.witch hazel[]n.any of several shrubs or trees of the

genus Hamamelis;bark yields an astringent lotion金缕梅

7.foliage[]n.the leaves of a tree or plant;leaves and branches together树叶，植物

8.writhe[]v.to twist or move your body without stopping,often because

you are in great pain翻腾

9.grasshopper[]n.

an insect with long back legs,that can jump very high and that makes

a sound with its legs蚱蜢，蝗虫

10.preeminently[]adv.to a very great degree; especially卓越地；杰出地

11.disposition[]n.the natural qualities of a person’s character性情，性格

12.grim[]adj.looking or sounding very serious,unpleasant and depressing严酷的，冷酷的

13.unrelenting[]adj.1)not stopping or becoming less

severe;2)if a person is unrelenting,they continue with something

without considering the feelings of other people不宽恕的，不屈不挠

的；无情的，冷酷的

14.canyon[]n.a long,narrow valley between high cliffs,often with a

stream flowing through it(美)峡谷，溪谷

15.pillage[]n.the act of stealing things from a place or region,

especially in a war,using violence掠夺

16.corral[]n.an closure for holding or capturing horses,cattle or other animals畜栏

17.affliction[]n.pain and suffering or something that causes it 痛苦，苦恼

18.brooding[]adj.sad and mysterious or threatening沉思的，徘徊不去的

19.divinity[]n.the quality of being a god or like God神，神学，神性，上帝

20.cleavage[]n.a division or split between people or groups劈开，分裂

21.elk[]n.a large deer that lives in the north of Europe,Asia and North

America.In North America it is called a moose.美洲赤鹿

22.badger[]n.an animal with grey fur and wide black and white lines

on its head.Badgers are nocturnal(=active mostly at night)and live in

holes in the ground.獾

23.flax[]n.a plant with blue flowers,grown for its stem that is used to

make thread and its seeds that are used to make linseed oil亚麻

24.buckwheat[]n.small dark

seed that is grown as food for animals and for making flour荞麦

25.stonecrop[]n.(植物)景天

https://www.360docs.net/doc/4f18862295.html,rkspur[]n.a tall garden plant with blue,pink or white

flowers growing up its stem翠雀属植物

27.billow[]v.1)to fill with air and swell out;2)to fill with air and swell out翻腾

28.sweet clover[]n.草木樨植物

29.lee[]n.a sheltered place,especially one on that side of anything away

from the wind背风处，庇护所

30.profusion[]n.a very large quantity of something丰富，充沛，慷慨

31.deity[]n.the state of being a god;divine nature;a god or

goddess神，神性

32.solstice[]n.either of the two times of the year at which the sun

reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at midday,marked by the

longest and shortest days至日；冬至或夏至

33.caldron[]n.a large kettle or boiler大锅(炉)，大汽锅

34.wean[]v.to cause(oneself or someone else)to give up a former habit;

to withdraw(a person)by degrees(from a habit,object of affection,etc.)as

by substituting some other interest使断奶，使放弃，使断念

35.ridge[]n.a narrow area of high land along the top of a line of hills;a

high pointed area near the top of a mountain山脊，屋脊

36.upthrust[]n.the force with which a liquid or gas pushes up

against an object that is floating in it向上推，浮力；(地质)地壳隆起

37.engender[]v.to make a feeling or situation exist造成

38.score[]v.to make cuts or lines in or on something把……记

下；划线，刻划；获得；评价

39.kinsmen[]v.a male relative男性亲属

40.tenuous[]adj.1)so weak or uncertain that it hardly exists;2)

extremely thin and easily broken纤细的，脆弱的；稀薄的；贫乏的

41.reverence[]n.a feeling of great respect or admiration for

somebody/something尊敬，敬畏

42.consummate[]adj.extremely skilled;perfect完美的，圆满的

43.impale[]v.to pierce through or fix with a sharp object刺穿，(作

为刑罚)把……钉在尖桩上；使绝望

44.barter[]n.the system of exchanging goods,property,services,etc.

for other goods,etc.without using money物品交换，实物交易

45.deicide[]n.the killing of a god杀神，杀神者，害死耶稣的人

46.skillet[]n.a small frying pan煮锅，长柄浅锅

47.rambling[]adj.spreading in various directions with no

particular pattern漫步的，散漫的，流浪性的

48.shawl[]n.a large piece of cloth worn by a woman around the shoulders

or head,or wrapped around a baby披肩，围巾

49.sentinel[]n.a soldier whose job is to guard something哨兵

50.opaque[]adj.not able to be seen through;not transparent or

translucent不透明的，不传热的，迟钝的

51.abide[]v.to dislike somebody/something so much that you hate

having to be with or deal with them忍受，容忍；持续，遵守

52.ample[]https://www.360docs.net/doc/4f18862295.html,rge,often in an attractive way充足的，丰富的，宽敞的

53.council[]n.a group of people who are elected to govern an

area such as a city or county政务会，理事会，委员会

54.servitude[]n.the condition of being a slave or being

forced to obey another person劳役，奴役；奴隶状态；地役权

55.fright[]n.a feeling of fear惊骇，惊吓，害怕

56.nocturnal[]adj.of the night夜的，夜曲的，夜间发生的

57.wake[]n.a watch or vigil held over the body of a dead person during

the night before burial(葬礼前)守夜，看护

58.perch[]v.to alight or rest on栖息，位于，使坐落于

59.handrail[]n.a long,narrow bar that you can hold onto for

support,for example when you are going up or down stairs栏杆，扶手60.purl[]v.to flow with a gentle movement and a murmuring sound潺潺流水

61.scissortail[]n.(美洲)叉尾霸鹟

62.hie[]v.to go quickly催促，赶快

二、课文精解

1.The Way to Rainy Mountain：《雨山之路》（1969年）是由普利策奖获得者斯科特写的一篇散文。这是关于他的祖先基奥瓦部落从古代开始在蒙大拿州一带生活到最终在西尔堡向美国骑兵投降，随后在俄克拉何马州的雨山附近安顿下来的血泪史。全书主要分为三个部分：第一部分讲述早期基奥瓦传说和人类学研究下的基奥瓦人。第二部分继续以基奥瓦神话为主题，探讨的太米文化的起源和太阳舞仪式。最后一部分描述了基奥瓦部落鼎盛时期的结束以及作者面对基奥瓦文化的消亡所持的态度和看法。

2....and in summer the prairie is an anvil’s edge.(Para.1)：anvil原指“铁砧”，在这里采用了Metaphor（暗喻）和Hyperbole（夸张）的修辞手法，有助于读者想象炎炎夏日大草原地表的滚烫和坚硬。

3.At a distance in July or August the steaming foliage seems almost to writhe in fire.