【英语】高二英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析

【英语】高二英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

83-year-old Antonio Vicente has spent the last four decades of his life fighting against the trend. As Brazilian landowners cut down rainforests to make room for profitable plantations(种植园) and cattle grounds, he struggled to bring the jungles of his childhood back to life.

"When I was a child, the peasants cut down the trees to make grasslands and charcoal, and the water dried up and did not come back," he told the reporters, "I thought: 'Water is valuable, no one makes water and the population will not stop growing. What is going to happen? We are going to run out of water.'"

With only some donkeys and a small team of hired workers, Antonio Vicente set about bringing back the forest to his land. What started out as a weekend hobby soon became a permanent way of life, and Antonio recalls often spending whole days and nights in his young jungle, surrounded by rats and foxes, and eating banana sandwiches for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Over the last 40 years, he has planted an estimated 50,000 trees on his 31-hectare land, which now make up a small but unique area of rainforest, and a haven for wildlife.

As the forest grew, the water returned, and Antonio says that there are now over 20 water, sources on his land that were no longer there when he bought it. Then the animals started making a home there. Today, the forest is alive with the sounds of birds and insects living there, and more species are settling in every year.

"There are toucans(巨嘴鸟), all kinds of birds, squirrels, lizards, and even the boars are returning," 83-year-old Vicente says, "If you ask me who my family are, I would say all this right here, each one of these that I planted from a seed."

（1）What do we learn about the Brazilian peasants?

A. They wasted much water on farming.

B. They focused on short-term profits.

C. They cared much about the environment.

D. They relied heavily on rainforests for a living.（2）What used to be young Antonio's biggest concern?

A. Overpopulation.

B. Polluted water.

C. Loss of grasslands.

D. Water shortage.

（3）What does the underlined word "haven" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Trap

B. Disaster

C. Shelter

D. Balance

（4）In the last paragraph, Antonio mainly expresses his .

A. affection for his forest

B. thanks for his family

C. deep love for rare birds

D. pride as a successful farmer

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，83岁的安东尼奥?比森特在他生命的最后40年里一直在与这种趋势作斗争，他努力使童年的丛林恢复生机。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When I was a child, the peasants cut down the trees to

make grasslands and charcoal, and the water dried up and did not come back,”--- What is going to happen? We are going to run out of water.'”可知Brazilian的农民关注的是短期的利益。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Antonio Vicente set about bringing back the forest to his l and. What started out as a weekend hobby soon became a permanent way of life”，可知年轻的Antonio最大的关注是水的短缺。故选D。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Over the last 40 years, he has planted an estimated 50,000 trees on his 31-hectare land, which now make up a small but unique area of rainforest, and a haven for wildlife.”在最近40年，他在31公顷土地上种植了大约50,000棵树，目前虽小但独特的热带雨林地区是野生动物的天堂。由此推知划线的意思是“遮蔽”，故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There are toucans（巨嘴鸟）, all kinds of birds, squirrels, lizards, and even the boars are returning,” 83-year-old Vicente says. “If you ask me who my family are, I would say all this right here, each one of these that I planted from a seed.”可推知Antonio主要在表达他对森林的影响。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

On a recent trip to the island of Newfoundland, Canada, my husband asked our talkative cab driver what made him most proud to be from there.

"Our generosity and hospitality (好客)," he replied in a strong local accent. "Your car breaks down in the middle of nowhere, someone will stop to help. People here are kind like that."

His answer lingered in my mind during that ride with my husband and teenage kids, as we headed out to explore on the first day of our vacation.

Little did I know we were about to experience some of that remarkable Newfoundland kindness for ourselves.

We met Alma that same morning at the start of a long hike.

Our teenagers hurried ahead, and as we walked behind, admiring the scenery, two women in sunglasses and summer hiking gear stopped.

They'd heard us discussing different routes, then asked if we'd like suggestions.

They looked to be in their 40s, and were both enthusiastic to share their local expertise.

We listened eagerly, taking mental notes, until one of the women asked, "You have a car, right?"

I explained that there were no cars available during our week on the island, so we had to rely on cabs instead.

"Oh no," she said, "you need a car." And then, as casually as if offering a piece of chewing gum (口香糖), she said: "Take mine!"

Dumbfounded, my husband and I just smiled in disbelief.

"Why not?" She insisted. "You need a car to get to know all these places."

"But you don't even know us," I said.

"That doesn't matter," she continued with absolute determination.

Stunned, I looked over at her friend, who shrugged and said, "That's Alma."

Forty minutes of talking later, my family climbed into Alma's car.

We spent the rest of our vacation discovering different areas of this beautiful island.

But it wasn't the groups of whales we saw, or the vast areas of woodland, that made this place so memorable.

Instead, it was the act of kindness from a complete stranger that made us realize how special Newfoundland really was.

Next year, there's no doubt where we'll be taking our summer vacation. Who knows what act of kindness we'll meet then?

（1）What problem did the author's family have in Newfoundland?

A.They couldn't understand the local accent.

B.Their car broke down on the first day.

C.They got lost during a hike.

D.They didn't have a car.

（2）The underlined word "dumbfounded" in Paragraph 12 is closest in meaning to ______.

A.shocked

B.satisfied

C.relieved

D.embarrassed

（3）What impressed the author most during her stay in Newfoundland?

A.The talkative cab driver.

B.The whales swimming.

C.The beautiful scenery of the island.

D.The help from an enthusiastic stranger.

（4）What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph?

A.She is looking forward to meeting Alma once more.

B.She expects to visit Newfoundland again.

C.She hasn't decided where to go next year.

D.She also wants to be kind to others during vacation.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者最近一次去加拿大的纽芬兰旅行时，被当地人的热情好客深深触动。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第十段中的“I explained that there were no cars available during our week on the island, so we had to rely on cabs instead.”我解释道，我们周末来岛上度假没有汽车，我们只能打出租车，可知，作者一家人在纽芬兰岛上旅行时遇到的问题是，他们没有一辆车。故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第十二段中的“my husband and I just smiled in disbelief”我丈夫和我只是不相信地笑着，可知，当Alma提出让作者一家开自己的车去旅行的时候，作者和

丈夫很惊诧。并且此处单词与第十六段中的“stunned”呼应。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Instead, it was the act of kindness from a complete stranger that made us realize how special Newfoundland really was.”取而代之，是一个陌生人的善意之举让我意识到纽芬兰的真正特别之处。可知，给作者留下最深刻印象的是来自一位热心的陌生人的帮助。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，陌生人的善良和热情好客给作者留下了最深刻印象，且根据最后一段“Next year, there's no doubt where we'll be taking our summer vacation. Who knows what act of kindness we'll meet then?”毫无疑问我们明年会去哪里过暑假。谁知道到时候我们又会遇到什么样的善意之举呢？可知，作者将还会去纽芬兰岛旅行，期待那里人们的热情。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments. They need to do more to prepare for the side-effects.

For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money they thought of cash. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off— tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping a smartphone has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient—but it also causes new problems that could hold back the transition(转型).

Countries are removing cash at varying speeds. In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its leading role is being challenged. In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.

Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand— younger consumers want payment systems that plug easily into their digital lives. But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets) and telecoms companies (in emerging ones) are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees. There is a high cost to running the infrastructure behind the cash economy—ATMs, vans carrying notes, tellers who accept coins. Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage old-fashioned customers with heavy fees.

In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. Cash is inefficient. When payments dematerialise, people and shops are less open to theft. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.

Yet set against these benefits are a couple of worries. Electronic payment systems may risk technical failures, power failure and cyber-attacks. In a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind. And a digital system could let governments watch over people's shopping habits and private multinationals exploit their personal data.

（1）Some rich countries are trying to .

A. dematerialize money

B. get rid of the side-effects of cash

C. make the economy more efficient by protecting endangered species

D. promote payment without paper money or coins

（2）In paragraph 3, several countries are mentioned to show .

A. the differences between developed and developing countries

B. that cash is still king across the world

C. digital payments are becoming a trend that cannot be stopped

D. China is developing faster that those developed countries in digital payment

（3）Cash is disappearing largely because .

A. younger consumers are short of money to live their digital lives

B. suppliers are trying to reduce costs and obtain money and data

C. the infrastructure is developing at a high speed in developed markets

D. financial firms want to abandon old-fashioned customers

（4）The author's attitude towards digitalized payment is .

A. favorable

B. negative

C. objective

D. indifferent

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，富裕国家正在减少现金支付,现金正在因为需求等原因消失。总的来说,无现金经济的未来是个好消息,但是对于电子支付人们也有一些担忧。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Rich countries are racing to dematerialise payments.”可知, 富裕国家正竞相将支付非物质化；再根据第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”在过去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售现金交易数量下降了80％。结合上下文,可知某些富裕国家比如瑞典正在减少现金支付,推广不用纸币或硬币的支付方式,也就是电子支付方式。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years.”可知在过去的十年中,瑞典的人均零售现金交易数量下降了80％；再根据“In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.”可知在中国,数字支付从2012年占所有支付的4％上升到2017年的34％。瑞典和中国的共同点是现金支付减少,电子支付比例上升,由此可推断作者提到瑞典和中国是为了说明数字支付正成为一种不可阻挡的趋势。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets)... Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage old-fashioned customers with heavy fees.”可知现金消失的一个重要原因就是诸如银行和科技公司（在发达市场）和电信公司（在新兴市场）之类的供应商正在开发快速,易于使用的支付技术,他们可以从中提取数据和小费。运行现金经济背后的基础架构需要付出高昂的成本,这些基础设施包括自动取款机,载有纸币的货车,接受硬币的出纳员。大多数金融公司都渴望放弃它,或者以高昂的费用劝阻老式客户。也就是供应商为了减少成本,获取数

据和小费,开发了更便捷的支付方式,导致现金支付的减少。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，,作者提到无现金支付即电子支付的好处,也提到电子支付引起的担忧,对待电子支付是客观的,故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

On average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk, Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology is making our brains tired.

Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains , is important for critical (有判断力的)thinking , problem-solving and decision-making.

So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in naure, Strayer claims, helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.

Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.

At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better. However, he found, it is the long-term contact with nature that does the most good. He and his research team found that spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.

（1）What is David Strayer's opinion?

A. Americans dislike outdoor activities.

B. Electronic equipment should be quitted.

C. New technologies are a double-edged sword.

D. Electronic equipment brings great convenience.

（2）Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?

A. To try another lifestyle.

B. To refresh our brain.

C. To make better decisions.

D. To play with our family and friends.

（3）What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean?

A. Reborn

B. Memorable

C. Remarkable

D. Tiring

（4）Which is the proper title for the passage?

A. Electronic Equipment Harms the Brain.

B. Good Rest Develops Good Memory.

C. Tips on Using New Technologies.

D. Being in Nature Is Good for the Brain.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文，主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息。

（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain可知，电子产品和网络信息给我们带了方便，也给我们大脑产生了巨大的压力，故可知，科技是一把双刃剑，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature , Strayer claims , helps get a tired brain away from too much technology.可知，亲近大自然，可以让我们疲惫的大脑远离科技产品，让大脑获得休息，故选B。

（3）词义猜测题。根据前文Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do.可知，喜欢露营，呆在户外让他感到轻松，能够为必须做的工作做好准备，故可知这个过程是一个再生的过程，让大脑休息的过程，故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。本文主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Watching wooden dolls come to life may not be one of the most popular forms of entertainment today, but with over twenty years' experience, talented puppeteer (木偶表演者) Peter Roberts has earned himself the title “master puppeteer” because of his great ability to turn puppets into believable, almost living characters. “People are q uite often surprised to hear what I do for living and have little appreciation of puppy as a form of entertainment. But while the exact origins of puppet theatre are unknown, it has been popular in many cultures and may have been the very first kind of the atre,” he explains.

Roberts' shows are highly original. “A puppet show can involve anything from clowning(傻逗) to storytelling,” he says, Equally diverse are the audiences he performs for. “Some are attracted by the puppets themselves, while others enjoy the dialogue.” Rob erts believes that this form of entertainment can be appreciated by people of all ages and cultures.

Roberts' interest in puppets started when he received some beautiful glove puppets one Christmas. He started putting on shows with these for family and friends and then moved on to handmade Chinese string puppets. Learning mostly from books and personal experience, he explains, “I was already spending most of my free time carving puppets and putting on shows, so

I hardly noticed the change from students to full-time professional puppeteer.”

The puppets are designed specifically for each show, which is extremely time consuming. According to Roberts, “Sometimes what you expect and what you actually create in the end are two very different things. I've m ade some of my best puppets 'accidentally'.”

When most people hear the word “puppetry”, they more than likely think of a way of keeping children entertained at birthday parties. Certainly the subject matter will be expected to be light-hearted rather than serious. However, Roberts wants to point out that puppets come serious messages sometimes.” he says.

（1）What do we know about puppetry in the first paragraph?

A. It is a most popular form of entertainment.

B. It cannot give people pleasure any more.

C. It was first brought to life by Peter Roberts.

D. Its value as an art form is not fully recognized.

（2）In Roberts' eyes, his puppet shows .

A. usually attract people full of humor

B. are most something for old aged audience

C. display something meaningful for different people

D. involve hard work and great intelligence

（3）Roberts developed an interest in puppets because of .

A. the puppet show books

B. his university major

C. a Christmas gift

D. some Chinese string puppets

（4）What does Roberts want people to think of puppet theatre?

A. It is just a kind of entertainment for kids.

B. It can be educational as well as entertaining.

C. It is only a kind of serious art form.

D. It should be kept light-hearted.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文为夹叙夹议。本文讲述了虽然木偶表演栩栩如生，但已不是当今一种最流行的娱乐形式。享用盛名的木偶大师罗伯特却让自己的木偶表演极具独创性。他让木偶表演不仅具有观赏性也有一定的教育意义。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段“People are quite often surprised to hear what I do for living and have little appreciation of puppy as a form of entertainment”可知，人们很少把木偶表演看作是一种娱乐形式来欣赏。分析选项可知D项（它作为一种艺术形式没有被充分认可）符合题意，故答案选D项。

（3）推理判断题。第二段内容说罗伯特的木偶戏涉及任何东西，从扮小丑逗乐到到讲故事，”他给各种各样不同的观众表演。“有些人被木偶本身吸引，而另一些人喜欢木偶表演中的对话。”罗伯特认为这种形式的娱乐可以被各个年龄段和文化的人所欣赏。由此可判断，罗伯特的木偶戏为不同的人展示一些有意义的东西。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故答案选C项。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Certainly the subject matter will be expected to be light-hearted rather than serious. However, Roberts wants to point out that puppets come

serious messages sometimes.”木偶表演的主题更多的是轻松愉快的而不是严肃的。然而，罗伯特指出木偶表演有时也传递一些严肃的东西。由此可推断出，木偶表演既是一种娱乐也有一定的教育性。故答案选B。

（4）此题属于细节理解中的一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。根据第三段第一句“Roberts' interest in puppets started whe n he received some beautiful glove puppets one Christmas.” 罗伯特对木偶的兴趣始于圣诞节时他收到了一些漂亮的手套木偶。故选C。

【点评】夹叙夹议阅读理解：（1）先叙述自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后真对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。（2）作者先提出一种观点或看法。然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。（3）提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步的总结和升华。抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类型题目的关键，而作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。

6．阅读理解

The Maltese Islands are rich in Neolithic (新石器时代的) sites. Ggantija in Gozo, Tarxien, and the Hagar Qim/Mnajdra Complex here on Malta's south coast are perhaps the most well-known. These piles of stones are some of the earliest known manmade structures in the world. They are showing their age a bit but what would you expect for buildings that are five and a half thousand years old. My house was built in the year 2000 and is already in bad condition round the edges. These temples are older than the pyramids!

In my opinion the temples are best seen after the visitors have left. Come with me for a late afternoon walk down the hill past Hagar Qim towards the Mnajdra Complex. There are chain link fences around the temples now but we can ignore those and try to image why Maltas earliest people went to the trouble of building these structures on this windy and poor hillside.

Of course the temples would have looked rather different when they were constructed. They may have been decorated with pigments and possibly even roofed with animal skins or other materials. Who knows? We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000 - year period or so.

Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar Qim is easiest if you have a car. Or if you don't mind a hike, you could get a bus to Qrendi(3 km away) or Zurrieq (5 km away) and walk from there. Warning: although the distances are not too great, walking several kilometers in the Maltese sun can be very hard and possibly dangerous. Take water and sunscreen.

（1）What makes the writer wonder about the temples?

A. Their history.

B. Their appearance.

C. How they were built.

D. When they were built.（2）What are we aware of about the construction of the temples?

A. They have been transformed.

B. They look the same as before.

C. They were carefully designed.

D. They are not what they used to be.

（3）How can we admire the sites getting least sunburn?

A. By hiking there.

B. By riding a car.

C. By taking water.

D. By taking a bus.

（4）Where can we possibly find this article?

A. In a political speech.

B. In a historical fiction.

C. Ina travel magazine.

D. In a geography text book.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。马耳他群岛拥有丰富的新石器时代遗址，尤其是马耳他群岛的寺庙建筑群最为著名。

（1）推理判断题。根据描述可知，作者在第一段对寺庙的期待。第二段对寺庙外围的描述，第三对寺庙可知，作者认为寺庙不是原来建的样子。文章大部分是对寺庙的外观进了描述，可见作者对其外观感到好奇，故答案选B项。

（2）推理判断题中的（4）根据事实细节，推断合理信息。答案需要从文章的根据第三段Of course the temples would have looked rather different when they were constructed….Who knows? We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000 - year period or so.进行推断。根据第二段的We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000 - year period or so. 可知我们知道在过去的1000多年它们被改变过，被扩建过，即现在的寺庙不再是它们以前的样子了。题干What are we aware of about the construction of the temples? 文章内容We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000 - year period or sochanged and added to over a 1,000 - year period or so.? D 选项They are not what they used to be.故答案选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，去那儿可以开车很容易。如果不介意走一会的话，你可以乘公共汽车到Qrendi（3公里）或Zurrieq（5公里），然后从那里步行。当然，尽管路途不远，在马尔他阳光下行走数公里可能非常困难，也可能是危险的。要喝水和涂防晒霜。分析开车直接去几乎不用晒太阳，故B正确。选项A、D都要走路，会晒伤，文中说要多喝水，而非带水就不会晒伤，C错误。因此B符合题合题意。

（4）推理判断题。本文主要对了马耳他群岛的风景点作了简单的介绍，所以文章应该出出在旅游杂志上。故答案选C。

【点评】推理题的解题方法

1. 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。

2. 整合全文（段）信息进行推断。

3. 利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。

4. 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。

5. 根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。

6. 结合已有的知识进行推断。

7．阅读理解

Lately a popular eight-floor bookstore in Hefei,Anhui province,has risen to fame because it becomes the world's first shared bookstore,in a move meant to encourage more reading among Chinese citizens.

It comes to people's attention as more than 200,000 visitors flooded the store on its first day as a shared bookstore on July 16 this year,a record high since it was reopened to the public in 2013.Some 4,000 books were brought home on the first day,https://www.360docs.net/doc/5016315120.html, reported.

Customers are allowed to borrow up to two books valued under 150 yuan per visit after registering with an app and paying the 99 yuan deposit fee（押金）.

All books on sale in the bookstore are available for sharing.Returned books that are damaged are sold at a discount.The bookstore also provides a bonus for bookworms.People who finish reading 12 books in three months receive eight percent of their deposit back,and members can be rewarded one yuan for every book read.

"We want to bring down the cost of reading so people could read more books,"Xu Xinwei,who helps run the bookstore,told https://www.360docs.net/doc/5016315120.html,.

Some parents buy a lot of books for their children,but they usually end up collecting dust as their children grow up.Similarly,some popular novels for young people also fall out of fashion,according to Xu."Books are more effectively circulated when they're shared."

（1）The bookstore becomes a shared one .

A. to make more money

B. to make more room for new books

C. to inspire more people to read

D. to recommend new books

（2）What does the underlined phrase “risen to fame” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Become well-known. B. Settled down. C. Broken up. D. Taken over.（3）What can we infer from the passage?

A. The bookstore was once the best in Anhui province.

B. The books that are sold here can't be borrowed.

C. More than 4,000 books were taken home on July 16 in 2013.

D. The cost of reading can be reduced by sharing the books.

（4）What does the bookstore do to attract more readers?

A. The bookstore encourages parents to buy more books for their children.

B. The readers are allowed to borrow the books unconditionally.

C. The readers who are members can receive one yuan for every book read.

D. The bookstore is considering offering a bonus for anyone who likes reading.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，最近，安徽省合肥一家受欢迎的八楼书店，由于成为世界上第一家共享书店，因此鼓励更多中国公民读书。本文以此展开，主要讲述了共享书店的运营模式。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“in a move meant to encourage more reading among Chinese citizens.”可知这个书店成为一家共享书店为了让更多的公民阅读。故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中popular一词，以及提到这家书店成为世界上第一家共享书店，可见这家书店应该“名声大振”。risen to fame译为“名声大振”。故选A.

（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“"We want to bring down the cost of reading so pe ople could read more books,”可推知，共享图书可以降低阅读成本，这样人们可以更多的阅读。故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“and members can be rewarded one yuan for every book read.”可知，所有的阅读者都可以得到每本书一元钱的奖励。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

Eighty-five-year old Chinese pharmacologist(药理学家) Tu Youyou became China's first winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine when it was announced that she was one of three scientists awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in developing effective drugs against parastic diseases.

Tu was honored for developing artemisin（青蒿素）,a drug for malaria that has saved millions of lives across the globe,especially in the developing world,the Nobel Assembly at karolinska Institue disclosed on its website on Monday.Tu,a Chinese trained pharmacologist and a researcher at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences in Beijing, went to Stockholm, Sweden in December to receive her award, according to Cao Hongxin, the science and technology department head of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

"She was calm and said she has received lots of congratulatory calls." Cao told China Daily on Monday after he telephoned Tu to congratulate her. "It's an overdue（迟来的）honor for Tu and the world's recognition of traditional Chinese medicine," he said.

"Tu's breakthrough in winning the Nobel Prize in a natural science is the pride of the whole nation and the whole Chinese scientific community," said Zhou Dejin, spokesman of the Chinese Academy of Science, China's national research body that consists of more than one hundred research insistutes, universities and research branches,

"The achievement of discovering artemisinin was made in the 1970s, but it only received international recognition in later years, which suggests that we might have more achievements that have reached the Nobel Prize level but have not been recognized." Zhou said.

（1）Why was Tu Youyou awarded the Nobel Prize?

A. She made a breakthrough in the Chinese scientific community

B. She came up with a revolutionary theory about medicine

C. She devoted her whole life to medicine research

D. She developed a very effective drug in the 1970s

（2）What do we know about Tu Youyou ?

A. She secretly accepted the Nobel Prize by herself

B. She's the second Chinese to win the 2015 Nobel Prize

C. She has an ordinary heart though winning the Nobel Prize

D. She won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with three scientists

（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. China lacks talented scientists like Tu Youyou.

B. Tu's achievement was recognized by the world a long time ago.

C. Chinese scientists should work harder to win more Nobel Prizes.

D. More Chinese scientific achievements should be acknowledged.

（4）What type of writing does this passage belong to?

A. A scientific report

B. An official document

C. A news report

D. A medical record

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，讲述了诺贝尔奖得主屠呦呦，她致力于中医药研究，开发出了很多有效的药物。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Tu was honored for developing artemisin（青蒿素）,a drug for malaria that has saved millions of lives across the globe, especially in the developing world”可知，屠呦呦获得诺贝尔奖是因为她在20世纪70年代发明了一种非常有效的药物。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"She was calm and said she has received lots of congratulatory calls."可知，尽管获得了诺贝尔奖，她还是有一颗普通的心。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"‘The achievement of discovering artemisinin was made in the 1970s,but it only received international recognition in later years ,which suggests that we might have more achievements that have reached the Nobel Prize level but have not been recognized.’ Zhou said.”可知，建议更多的中国科学成就应该得到承认。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文，根据第四段中的"Tu's breakthrough in winning the Nobel Prize in a natural science is the pride of the whole nation and the whole Chinese scientific community,"可知，这是一项医学纪录。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital(婚姻的)status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu(印度教的)religion. The dot goes by different names in different Hindi dialects, and “bindi" is the one that is most commonly known. Traditionally, the dot carries no gender restriction Men as well as women wear it. However, the tradition of men wearing it has faded in recent times, so nowadays we see a lot more women than men wearing one.

The position of the bindi is standard center of the forehead, close to the eyebrows. It represents a third, or inner eye. Hindu tradition holds that all people have three eyes The two outer ones are used for seeing the outside world, and the third one is there to focus inward toward God. As such, the dot means piety(虔诚)and serves as a constant reminder to keep God in the front of a believer's thou ghts.

Red is the traditional color of the dot. It is said that in ancient times a man would place a drop of blood between his wife's eyes to seal their marriage. According to Hindu beliefs, the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple. Today, people go with different colors

depending upon their preferences. Women often wear dots that match the color of their clothes. Decorative of sticker bindis come in all sizes, colors and variations, and can be worn by young and old, married and unmarried people alike. Wearing a bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.

（1）Why did people in India start wearing a red dot on their forehead?

A.To stress their family background.

B.To indicate their social rank.

C.To show their religious belief.

D.To display their financial status.

（2）What is the function of the third eye in Hindu tradition?

A.To help the other eyes see better.

B.To look to the distance.

C.To see the outside world.

D.To pay respect to God.

（3）Why was red chosen as the original color of the bindi?

A.The word "bindi" means "red" in some Hindi dialects.

B.Red was believed to be a lucky color for husband and wife.

C.The red dot represented the blood of God.

D.Red stood for a wife's love for her husband.

（4）Which of the following statements is true about bindis today?

A.Bindis are now used to make people look better.

B.Bindis are worn anywhere on the face now.

C.Most Indian women do not wear bindis anymore.

D.More men than women wear bindis in India.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，大多数印度女人的眉毛中间都戴着红点，这种做法主要与印度教有关，它代表的是第三只眼，可以时时提醒信徒要尊敬上帝。现在眉心红点更多的是作为装饰品使用。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In India, most of the women wear a red dot between their eyebrows. While it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital（婚姻的）status, the practice is primarily related to the Hindu（印度教的）religion.”在印度，大多数女性的眉毛上都有一个红点。虽然这通常被认为是他们婚姻状况的一个指标，但这种做法主要与印度教有关。可知这种做法主要与印度教有关，所以印度人前额戴红点是展示他们的宗教信仰。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段可知，印度传统上认为人有第三只眼。以及“As such，the dot serves as a constant reminder to keep God inthe front of a believer's thoughts．”因此，点作为一个持续的提醒，以保持神在信徒的思想面前。所以第三眼在印度教传统中的重要性是

要尊重上帝。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“According to Hindu beliefs，the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple．”可知，根据印度教的信仰，红色被认为能为已婚的夫妇带来好运。故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Decorative or sticker bindis come in all sizes，colorsand variations，and can be worn by young and old，married and unmarried people alike．Wearinga bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.” 装饰物或贴纸贴纸有各种尺寸、颜色和变化，年轻人和老年人、已婚人士和未婚人士都可以佩戴。佩戴宾蒂帽与其说是一种宗教习俗，不如说是一种时尚宣言。可知，眉心红点现在更多的被用作装饰品。故选A．

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

You may be familiar with the following famous people, but have you heard of their graduation speeches, in which they either share their unforgotten experiences or give you some great inspiration.

Michael Dell, University of Texas at Austin

And now you've accomplished something great and important here, and it's time for you to move on to what's next. And you must not let anything prevent you from taking those first steps. … You must also commi t to the adventure. Just have faith in the skills and the knowledge you've been blessed（赐予）with and go.

J.K. Rowling, Harvard University

Half my lifetime ago, I was striking an uneasy balance between my ambition and the expectation from my parents who were not rich…But what I feared most of myself at your age was not poverty, but failure. The fact that you are graduating from Harvard suggests that you know little about failure, you might be driven by a fear of failure quite as much as a desire for success.

Steve Jobs, Stanford University

Sometimes life's going to hit you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith…Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking and don't settle.

Bill Gates, Harvard University

We need as many people as possible to have access to the advanced technology to lead to a revolution in what human beings can do for one another. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world's inequities（不公平）like hunger, poverty, and so on.

（1）What Michael Dell said is to urge us to ________.

A. listen to our heart

B. learn from our mistakes

C. follow others' example

D. pursue our dreams

（2）What did J.K. Rowling fear most when she was studying in university?

A. Failure.

B. Hunger.

C. Poverty.

D. Appearance.

（3）What does Bill Gates suggest people do?

A. Master as much advanced technology as possible.

B. Work together to rid some global problems.

C. Make contributions to the environment.

D. Take responsibility for their own behavior.【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一些著名的人的毕业演讲。

（1）考查推理判断。根据Michael Dell, University of Texas at Austin部分中的“And now you've accomplished something great and important here, and it's time for you to move on to what's next.”可推断出Michael Dell说的话鼓励我们追求我们的梦想，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据J.K. Rowling, Harvard University部分中的“But what I feared most of myself at your age was not poverty, but failure.”可知J.K. Rowling在大学时，最害怕失败，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据Bill Gates, Harvard University部分中的“They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches and deal with the world's inequities（不公平）like hunger, poverty, and so on.”可推知Bill Gates建议人们一起工作，摆脱一些全球问题，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇时文类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones? You'll help the environment and your guests won't go hungry. "I used to work in school catering and saw a lot of money being thrown away. I thought that was criminal, so I decided to do something about it," said Italian school chef Tiziano Vicentini.

Now, Vicentini has an amazing range of edible plates for schools. The plates are made out of bread dough, so you can eat them afterwards. "These dishes cost a few pennies each and are either eaten by the kids, or go into recycling bins for animal food," explained Vicentini, 50, of Milan. But now other companies are developing edible plates, too. The Edible-Plate Company offers edible plates, bowls, trays and cups. Their products are environmentally-friendly, 100% biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And they're made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally.

They also have a range of cutlery（餐具） made from corn and potato starch（淀粉）. These plates will also help reduce the amount of plastic; we create. Waste from plastic causes a lot of damage to the environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management.

Plastic bags often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing tough recycling regulations. And many shops are offering biodegradable plastic bags and eco-safe packaging on their products. To help matters, the International Organization for Standardization (the ISO) has also developed a system to evaluate the biodegradability of products, with a certification and logo scheme, Meanwhile, how about a nice plate for lunch?

（1）Which of the following is not the advantage of edible plates?

A. They are expensive.

B. They can degrade naturally.

C. They are environmentally-friendly.

D. They are made from natural plant.

（2）Which of the following statements is true?

A. Tiziano is from Germany.

B. Edible plates are only used for school catering.

C. Corn and potato starch can be used to make cutlery.

D. The Edible Plate Company doesn't produce edible bowls.

（3）What does the underlined word "this" refer to?

A. The air pollution.

B. The edible cutlery.

C. The toxic gases caused by the burning of plastic.

D. The damage to the environment caused by plastic waste.

（4）What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The measures to stop the pollution.

B. The ways to reduce the plastic waste.

C. How to make edible plates from natural plants. .

D. The plate solution to eating and environmental problem.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了饮食和环境的问题，并且提出了相应的解决方法。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Their products are environmentally-friendly, 100% biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And they're made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally.”可知，“昂贵”不是edible plates的优势。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They also have a r ange of cutlery（餐具） made from corn and potato starch（淀粉）．”可知，玉米和马铃薯淀粉可用于制作餐具。故选C。（3）考查代词指代。根据第三段中的“Waste from plastic causes a lot of damage to the environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management. Plastic bags often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing tough recycling regulations.” 塑料垃圾对环境造成了很大的破坏，同时也给政府带来了数百万的垃圾管理。塑料袋经常会出现在垃圾填埋场或街道上。而燃烧的塑料垃圾会导致有毒气体污染空气。作为对此的回应，世界各国政府正在出台严格的回收法规。由此可知this指的是“塑料垃圾

对环境造成的破坏。”故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones? You'll help the environment and your guests won't go hungry."可知，本文讲述的是饮食和环境问题的解决方案。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，代词指代和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

Climbing Without Ropes

The popular image of the mountain climber is of a person carefully climbing a steep cliff with a network of safety ropes, but it is not the only kind. Many climbers now enjoy bouldering. It's more accessible and better for the environment.

Figure 1: The climber has two routes she could take, one to the left and one to the right. The left one appears easier because it has a jug within easy reach, but look what happens if she chooses that direction. She gets stuck on the rock and has to go back down. Sometimes that is even difficult than going up.

Figure 2: The climber takes the one to the right this time. using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to life herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.

（1）According to the passage, bouldering ________.

A. is an indoor sport

B. has no safety protection

C. needs maps and equipment

D. is a steep cliff climbing

（2）Bouldering becomes popular because ________.

A. it challenges the limits

B. it costs less

C. it builds minds and bodies

D. it is a team game

（3）According to the example, the right route is ________.

A. a shortcut

B. a dead end

C. tough but to the top

D. lined with jugs

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍没有安全绳的攀岩运动。登山者的流行形象是用一根安全绳，一个人小心翼翼地爬上陡峭的悬崖，但这并不是唯一的一种。许多登山者现在都喜欢抱石。它更容易接近，也更适合环境。

(1)考查细节理解。根据What is bouldering?部分中的“Participants employ no safety ropes.”可知，bouldering没有安全感。故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。根据Why boulder?部分中的“improve your climbing skills by focusing on basics places to climb, such as climbing walls at gyms and parks, easy to find less time commitment to bouldering than to mountain climbing intellectual and physical enjoyment as one solves problems”可知，Bouldering变得受欢迎是因为它建立了精神和身体上的快乐。故选C。

(3)考查细节理解。根据“Figure 2：The climber takes the one to the right this time. using a foothold and placing her right hand in a crimp, she is able to life herself up and locate other handholds. After only a few moves, she is able to throw her leg over the top of the boulder and pull herself up.”可知，根据这个例子，右边的路线是艰难的，但能达到顶峰。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

Volunteer Opportunities

Ring the bells

The Salvation Army needs bell ringers for its annual Red Kettle Christmas Campaign. Two hour shifts begin on Nov.12 and run Mondays through Saturdays. Volunteers can contact Jim Evers at

jimevers@https://www.360docs.net/doc/5016315120.html, or at 764-0962, or sign up online at https://www.360docs.net/doc/5016315120.html,.

Read to children

Join the United Way and Child Care Aware in supporting the development and learning of young children. Volunteers are needed to spend 30 minutes a week reading to children and guiding related activities using literacy kits（识字工具包）provided by Childcare Aware of Eastern Kansas .A two-hour literacy training will be provided. To ensure continuity for the children in the program, we are asking that volunteers make a six-month commitment. Please contact Shelly at 865-5030, ext.301 or at volunteer@https://www.360docs.net/doc/5016315120.html,.

Garden with a neighbor

Douglas Country Housing Inc. is looking for volunteers to assist a senior man in need of help with an overgrown garden before winter arrives. One to two hours of your time will make a huge difference in someone's quality of life. No previous gardening experience is required. Please e-mail rsovista@https://www.360docs.net/doc/5016315120.html, or call 842-1533.

Feed your friends

Just food fights hunger in our community. Help Just Food kick off the holiday season by packing. Thanksgiving meal boxes for families in need. Every year Just Food provides Thanksgiving meals to families in Douglas Country that will otherwise go without. Your help is needed for distributing these meals in advance of Thanksgiving. Help is needed on the following days and times:

9 a. m. –7 p. m. Monday, Nov. 21.

9 a. m. –7 p. m. Tuesday, Nov. 22.

The maximum number of volunteers is 15 at a time. To sign up, click here.

（1）What should people do if they choose to read to children?

A. Get trained.

B. Make a plan.

C. Promise to teach devotedly.

D. Work 30 minutes a day.

（2）If you like to help with gardening, you can get in touch with ________.

A. They take place on holiday.

B. They can be reached by phone.

C. They are about seeking volunteers.

D. They need some experience.

（3）What do the four activities have in common?

A. They take place on holiday.

B. They can be reached by phone.

C. They are about seeking volunteers.

D. They need some experience.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四个志愿者的工作机会。并且详细的介绍了每项工作的具体内容，工作时间，联系方式等。

（1）考查细节理解题。由文中Read to children部分中的A two-hour literacy training will be provided可知，如果选择给孩子们读书就要接受一个小时的培训，故答案选A。

（2）考查细节理解题。由文Garden with a neighbor部分中的Please e-mail rsovista@https://www.360docs.net/doc/5016315120.html, or call 842-1533.可知，如果你想在园艺方面做志愿者，可以发邮件或者打电话联系。故答案选B。

（3）考查推理判断题。这四项工作后面都留有联系方式，可知他们都是想招募志愿者。C