新高考英语时文阅读高三专版(含答案解析与原文翻译)
新高考英语时文阅读高三专版（含答案解析与原文翻译）
A
I was already a hand washer. And since the spread of coronavirus, it ' s been kicked into overdrive. I don 't consider myself panicked about COVID -19, although I'd be lying if I said I wasn ' t concerned. I live in an enormous city, packed with people, including countless travelers, and I understand how easily a contagious virus spreads. And hand washing may help us to keep it like that. The hard part has to do with the duration. “ Scrub your hands for 20 seconds, ” the CDC website warns. “Need a timer? Hum the ‘ Happy Birthday 'song from beginning to end twice. ” The turning point came with a slight, unconscious tweak on the lyrics. After a few days, I added three words to the routine: “ And many more. ” That 's the way we do “ Happy Birthday ” in my family. These days, of course, those habitual words have particular resonance. What I am doing, after all, when I add “ and many more ” is making a plea: Let us stay safe and alive. “ Its meaning, ” writes Rodriguez, “is something like I pray it may be so. ”
I am an adult, aware of random chance and uncertainty. I ' ve come to recognize that insecurity, chaos even, is the way of the world. In the face of an epidemic stretching toward a pandemic, I have one eye on living as if there will be no exceptional disruptions, and the other on preparing for catastrophe. What I ' m saying is that I do not generally rely on magical thinking. Now I am consciously singing “ and many more ” when I fulfill the CDC ' s instructions about how to wash my hands. I offer it to you as well, this coping mechanism, this precaution, this projection of a happy ending, which is, of course, a whisper of faith, not in divine intervention （神的干预） but in our ability to care for one another and ourselves.
1.What is the attitude of the author toward the COVID -19?
A.Panic.
B. Concerned.
C. Happy.
D. Pessimistic.
2.How long does it take to sing the ‘ Happy Birthday ' song once?
A.10s.
B. 20s.
C. 30s.
D. 40s.
3.What is the meaning of the added “and many more” these days?
A.The author wants to sing the song in a creative way.
B.The author blesses herself happy birthday.
C.The author is to pray to be safe and live well.
D.The author is showing off her great voice.
4.Which of the following can be used to describe the author?
A.Being full of magical thinking.
B.Being ignorant.
C.Being insightful and optimistic.
D.Being a good singer.
【答案】 BACC
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己独特的洗手方法，以及疫情期间的感想，并鼓励人们也采用同样的方式洗手。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“ I don' t consider myself panicked about COVID -19, although I'd be lying if I said I wasn 't concerned. ”可知，我认为我对新冠病毒并不恐慌，虽然如果我说我不担心是在撒谎，即作者担心但并不恐慌，故选B。
2.数字计算题。根据第一段最后两句“ “Scrub your hands for 20 seconds, ” the CDC website warnes. “Need a timer? Hum the ‘ Happy Birthday ' song from beginning to end twice. ””可知，从头到尾哼两遍“生日快乐歌”的时间是 20 秒，由此可知一遍是 10 秒，故选 A。
3.细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“ What I am doing, after all, when I add “ and many more, '” is making a plea: Let us stay safe and alive. “Its meaning,” writes Rodriguez, “is something like I pray it may be so. ””可知，添加歌词是在请求保佑平安活着。故选C。
4.推理判断题。根据第三段“ I am an adult, aware of random chance and uncertainty. I 've come to recognize that insecurity, chaos even, is the way of the world. In the face of an epidemic stretching toward a pandemic, I have one eye on living as if there will be no exceptional disruptions, and the other on preparing for catastrophe. What I' m saying is that I do not generally rely on magical thinking. ”可知，作者知道生活的随机性和不确定性，并逐渐认识到不安全，混乱是世界的样子。作者面对疫情，一方面非常镇定，另一方面为灾难做准备，并不幻想。可见，作者对生活有深刻见解。从洗手时唱歌可以看出他乐观，热爱生活。故选C。
【词汇积累】 contagious [k?n?te?d??s] adj. （疾病）接触传染的；患接触性传染病 duration
[dju ?re ?n] n. 持续时间；期间 hum [h?m] v. 哼（曲子）；发嗡嗡声；活跃；繁忙 tweak [twi ?k] v. 稍稍调整；扭；拧；扯 resonance [?rez?n?ns] n. 引起共鸣的力量；洪亮；响亮；共鸣；共振；谐振【句法剖析】
1.I don't consider myself panicked about COVID -19, although I'd be lying if I said I wasn 't concerned.
句意：我认为我对新冠病毒并不恐慌，虽然如果我说我不担心是在撒谎。句子分析：此句中主干是 I don't consider myself panicked about COVID -19， although 引导让步状语从句，从句中又包含if 引导的条件状语从句，条件状语从句又包含省略引导词 that 的宾语从句，做 said 的宾语。
2.What I am doing, after all, when I add “ and many more ” is making a plea: Let us stay safe and alive.
句意：毕竟，当我加上“还有更多”时，我是在祈求：让我们安全地活着。
句子分析：：此句句子主干是 What I am doing is making a plea ，其中 What I am doing 是主语从句， when I add “and many more ”是时间状语从句，冒号后面内容是 a plea 的解释。
B
The Scenery of Cocos Island
I felt like I had been transported back in time to a long lost world as my helicopter hovered over the dramatically lush ① Cocos Island. Located 340 miles southwest of Costa Rica, the UNESCO World Heritage site has been part of Costa Rica since 1832, and is filled with a dense, tropical rain forest. I had always been enchanted ② by the island having heard so many pirate tales, and I figured I would make the journey to get a firsthand look ③ . The tropical island is as mysterious and compelling ④ as it appears.
Author Michael Crichton was so enchanted by the island that he modeled his famed “ Jurassic Park” Isla Nublar after it, and Robert Louis Stevenson' s classic novel “ Treasure Island ” catapulted （使突然处于） Cocos Island to fame. I can understand the fascination as we hovered over the sheer 300 -foot cliffs （悬崖峭壁）, black sand beaches, numerous rivers, and streams, and approached the stunning waterfall at Wafer Bay.
I expected to see dinosaurs roaming ⑤ freely, but the only actual creatures on the island are the 400 species of insects and 90 bird species. The real dangers lie below the surface and have often proved deadly as the island is surrounded by large populations of Tiger and Hammerhead sharks (锤头鲨 ). The large extensive underground caves and volcanic tunnels provide for massive amounts of marine life.
【新词积累】
lush [l??] adj. 丰富的，豪华的；苍翠繁茂的 vi./vt. 喝酒 enchant [ ?n't ?ɑ?nt; en-] v. 使着迷，使迷
惑；施魔法于 a firsthand look 亲眼目睹 compelling [k ?m 'pel ?] adj. 引人注目的；令人信服的；非常强烈的；不可抗拒的 roam [r ??m] vt./vi./n. 漫游，漫步；流浪【金句赏析】
1.I felt like I had been transported back in time to a long lost world as my helicopter hovered over the dramatically lush Cocos Island.
当我的直升机在郁郁葱葱的科科斯岛上空盘旋时，我感觉自己仿佛回到了一个早已消失的世界。
2.I had always been enchanted by the island having heard so many pirate tales, and I figured I would make the journey to get a firsthand look. 我一直被岛上的海盗故事所吸引，然后我想我应该去那里亲眼看看。
【全文翻译】科科斯岛的风景
当我的直升机在郁郁葱葱的科科斯岛上空盘旋时，我感觉自己仿佛回到了一个早已消失的世界。科科斯岛位于哥斯达黎加西南 340 英里处，其自 1832 年以来一直是哥斯达黎加的一部分，是联合国教科文组织世界遗产。这里有茂密的热带雨林。我一直被岛上的海盗故事所吸引，然后我想我应该去那里亲眼看看。这个热带岛屿就像它看起来那样神秘而引人注目。作家迈克尔·克莱顿(Michael Crichton) 对科科斯岛如此着迷，以至于他以科科斯岛为原型，创作了《侏罗纪公园》(Jurassic Park)中的努布拉岛 (Isla Nublar) ，罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森 (Robert Louis Stevenson) 的经典小说《金银岛》 (Treasure island) 也让科科斯岛一举成名。当我们盘旋在 300 英尺高的悬崖峭壁，黑色的沙滩，无数的河流和小溪上， (当我们) 接近威化湾那令人惊叹的瀑布时，我能体会到科科斯岛的无限魅力。
我原以为会看到恐龙自由自在地游荡，但岛上真正的生物只有 400 种昆虫和 90 种鸟类。真正的危险隐藏在水面之下，而且由于该岛被大量的虎鲨和锤头鲨所包围，这些危险经常被证明是致命的。巨大的地下洞穴和火山隧道孕育了大量的海洋生物。
C
As society grows ever more aware of our changing climate, both customers and employees are taking note of what businesses are putting sustainability first. The National Restaurant Association reported that around half of diners say they are now considering a restaurant ' s recycling and food waste program when choosing where to eat. Refed believes this “ reputational value ” can also encourage employee involvement, retention and job satisfaction.
Of course, when looking at the entire carbon footprint of a restaurant, you should probably start with the menu. It should come as no surprise that Rhodora and west~bourne, another zero-waste restaurant in NYC, do not serve meat (and Rhodora serves tinned fish only). As meat's environmental footprint continues to grow, many restaurants are seeking to reduce their meat offerings. National chain Panera Bread recently announced that in the next few years, they plan to have their menu be 50% plant -based.
Though zero-waste restaurants may seem anything but mainstream right now, it wasn ' t that long ago that the concept of a vegan burger at a fast-food chain was met with plenty of skepticism.
And yet, Vox reports that the number of fast -food chains jumping on the plant -based wagon continues its national rollout: Burger King, McDonald 's, KFC and Denny' s (just to name a few) have all begun offering plant -based meat burgers the past year.
So while it's still to be determined if the zero -waste concept will be embraced by bigger brands nationally, being an early adopter of some of these practices could give some restaurants a head start. More than 400 cities and states have enacted plastic bag bans or taxes since 2007, and hopefully more environmental protection laws will follow in the future. For now, these few restaurants serve as outliers, innovators — and hopefully — inspiration.
1.What do enterprises value most now?
A.Employee involvement.
B.Sustainable development.
C.Employee job satisfaction.
D.The profit of enterprises.
2.Why do many restaurants reduce the supply of meat?
A.Because it is to meet the requirements of customers.
B.Because the supply of meat is inadequate in many restaurants.
C.Because their menu must be 50% plant -based.
D.Because it is more environment -friendly.
3.What is the purpose of examples in the third paragraph?
A.To show fast-food chain is met with plenty of skepticism.
B.To show the idea of zero-waste restaurants is met with plenty of skepticism.
C.To prove more and more fast -food chains begin to implement zero -waste concept.
D.To show plant-based meat burgers are more popular.
4.What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A.The zero-waste concept cannot be adopted.
B.Few cities and states have enacted plastic bag bans or taxes.
C.Some cities are the innovators to make environmental protection laws.
D.Some restaurants have taken some actions to adopt the zero -waste concept. 【答案】 1~4 BDCD 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了基于可持续发展的理念，现在很多餐馆主张零浪费的理念，纷纷把肉类汉堡替换成蔬菜类汉堡。因为零浪费的理念能否继续被其它的企业贯彻执行还不确定，所以作者希望能出台一些环境保护的法律。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“ ...are taking note of what businesses are putting sustainability first. ”可知，一些企业最注重的是可持续发展，故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“ As meat's environmental footprint continues to grow, many restaurants are seeking to reduce their meat offerings. ”可知，肉类的环境足迹不断扩大，也就是说获取肉类的过程不环保，减少肉类供应是为了环保考虑，故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“ Though zero-waste restaurants may seem anything but mainstream right now... ”(尽管零浪费餐厅现在看起来不是主流) ，再结合第三段最后一句“ ...the number of fast -food chains jumping on the plant -based wagon continues its national rollout: Burger King, McDonald's, KFC and Denny's (just to name a few) have all begun offering plant -based meat burgers the past year. ”可知，越来越多的快餐连锁店开始在全国范围内推
广这种以植物为基础的产品，如：汉堡王、麦当劳等，这些例子都是为了说明越来越多的快餐连锁店开始贯彻执行零浪费的概念，故选C。
4.概括大意题。根据最后一段最后两句“ More than 400 cities and states have enacted plastic bag bans or taxes since 2007, and hopefully more environmental protection laws will follow in the future. For now, these few restaurants serve as outliers, innovators — and hopefully — inspiration. ”可知，为了贯彻执行零浪费的概念，一些城市和州颁布了塑料袋禁令或征税，故选 D。
【词汇积累】
sustainability [s ?s?te?n??b?l?ti] n. 持续性
reputational [ ?r?pju( ?)?te??n(?)l] adj. 名誉上的 retention [r ?ten ?n] n. 保留，保持 footprint
[f ?tpr ?nt] n. 脚印；足迹 enact [??n?kt] vt. 颁布；制定法律
【句法剖析】
1.The National Restaurant Association reported that around half of diners say they are now
considering a restaurant's recycling and food waste program when choosing where to eat. 句意：美国国家餐馆协会( National Restaurant Association )报告称，约有一半的食客表示，在选择就餐地
点时，他们正在考虑餐馆的回收利用和食物浪费计划。
句子分析：此句中含有 that 引导的宾语从句，做 reported 的宾语，宾语从句中又有一个省略了引导词 that 的宾语从句，做 say 的宾语。句末是 when 引导的时间状语从句，省略了主语和 be 动词they are 。
2.Though zero-waste restaurants may seem anything but mainstream right now, it wasn't that long ago that the concept of a vegan burger at a fast-food chain was met with plenty of skepticism.
句意：尽管零浪费餐厅现在看起来不是主流，但就在不久前，快餐连锁店的素食汉堡还遭到了很多质疑。
句子分析：此句中含有一个 though 引导的让步状语从句，主句是一个 it was...that 的强调句，被强调部分为时间状语 not that long ago.
D
How Puppies Manipulate Us
“All puppies are cute, ” explains Clive Wynne, the head of Arizona State University ' s canine-science laboratory. “ But not all puppies are equally cute. ” Indeed, breeders have long found that puppies become their cutest selves at the eight -week mark; any older, and some breeders offer a discount to bolster ① would - be owners' weakened desire. Such fine -tuned preferences might seem arbitrary ② , even cruel. But recent research indicates that peak puppy cuteness serves important purposes —and might play a fundamental role in binding dog and owner together.
In a study published this spring, Wynne and his colleagues sought to pin down, scientifically, the timeline of puppy cuteness. Their finding largely matched that of breeders: People consistently rated dogs most attractive when they were six to eight weeks old. This age, Wynne says, coincides with a crucial developmental milestone: Mother dogs stop nursing their young around the eighth week, after which pups rely on humans for survival. (Puppies without human caretakers face mortality rates of up to 95 percent in their first year of life.) Peak cuteness, then, is no accident -at exactly the moment when our intervention ③ matters most, puppies become irresistible to us.
It doesn't hurt that humans seem to be especially vulnerable ④ to cute things. Research dating back to the 1940s shows that virtually any creature with baby like features -large eyes, a bulging
⑤ forehead, short limbs -is capable of drawing our affection, from the unsurprising (seals, koalas) to the odd (axolotls, a type of salamander) to the inanimate ⑥ (Mickey Mouse). But canine ⑦ cuteness is uniquely human -directed, and its strategic deployment ⑧ is not confined to puppies. In a 2017 study of dogs ages one to 12, psychologists in the United Kingdom showed that people's pets were significantly more likely to raise their brows and stick out their tongue when humans were looking at them, visual cues that lend grown canines a puppyish air. Other research makes clear just why dogs seek to command our attention in this way. Oxytocin, the so -called love hormone, has been found to surge in dogs and their owners after they look in each other's eyes— initiating the same feedback loop that exists between human mothers and their babies. In other words, the more dogs get us to look at them, the more tightly bonded to them we grow. Born blind and basically deaf, puppies aren't interactive in their first weeks of life, and Wynne notes that many people find animals in this stage alien and unappealing. A recent study focused on humans showed that, similar to six-week-old puppies, six-month -old babies are seen as significantly cuter than newborns.
Which brings us to the final purpose of peak cuteness: to make up for newborn ugliness. As the
psychologists Gary Sherman and Jonathan Haidt have proposed, the delayed onset of cuteness in human babies offers benefits far beyond kicking our caretaking instinct into overdrive -it also prompts a flood of social interactions, such as petting, playing, and baby -talking. These acts are developmentally crucial to puppies as well, but they can ' t be carried out very effectively with the extremely young. And so “one is not born cute, ” Sherman and Haidt conclude. “ One becomes cute. ”
【新词积累】 bolster ['bolst ?] v. 加强 arbitrary [ ?ɑ?rb ?treri] adj. 任意的，随心所欲的 intervention [, ?nt ?'v?n ?n] n. 干涉，干预 vulnerable ['v ?ln ?r ?bl] adj. 脆弱的 bulging ['b ?ld? ?] adj. 鼓起的，凸出的 inanimate [ ?n'?n ?m?t] adj. 无生命的 canine ['kena ?n] adj. 犬的，似犬的 deploy [d ?'pl ??] v. 有效地利用，调动【金句赏析】
1. Research dating back to the 1940s shows that virtually any creature with baby like features -large eyes, a bulging forehead, short limbs -is capable of drawing our affection, from the unsurprising (seals, koalas) to the odd (axolotls, a type of salamander) to the inanimate ⑥ (Mickey Mouse).
相关研究可以追溯到 20 世纪 40 年代，研究表明，几乎所有具有婴儿特征的生物 (大眼睛，额头凸出，四肢短小) 都能够吸引我们，从不足为奇的生物 (海豹，考拉) 到奇怪的生物 (美西螈，蝾螈的一种) ，再到无生命的动物(米老鼠) 。
2. Born blind and basically deaf, puppies aren't interactive in their first weeks of life, and Wynne notes that many people find animals in this stage alien and unappealing. 小狗出生时既听不见也看不见，因此它们在生命的最初几周和人类没有互动，而韦恩指出，许多人觉得小狗在这个阶段很陌生，也没有吸引力。
【全文翻译】
小狗如何操纵我们
“所有的小狗都很可爱，”亚利桑那州立大学犬类科学实验室负责人克莱夫·韦恩解释道。“但并非所有小狗都同样可爱。”事实上，长期以来，饲养员发现小狗在它们出生后的八周内是最可爱的。对于大于八周的小狗，一些饲养员则会为买主提供一定的折扣，激发潜在买主已变弱的购买欲望。但是这种价格微调似乎是随意的，甚至是残酷的。但是最近的研究表明，小狗的极致可爱具有重要意义，并且可能为狗和主人建立深厚的感情起到重要作用。在今年春天发表的一项研究中，韦恩和他的同事试图从科学上确定小狗的可爱随着他们年龄变化的规律。他们的发现很大程度上与饲养员的发现相符：人们都认为狗在 6 到 8 周大时最具吸引力。韦恩说，这个年龄恰好是一个至关重要的发展阶段：母犬在第八周左右不再照顾他们的幼仔，之后幼犬依赖于人类生存。（没有人类照顾的幼犬在第一年面临高达95％的死亡率）。因此，小狗的极致可爱并非偶然——正是在我们开始干预之时，我们才发现小狗有着令人不可抗拒的魅力。人类似乎特别容易被可爱的事物吸引，这无可厚非。相关研究可以追溯到 20 世纪 40 年代，研究表明，几乎所有具有婴儿特征的生物（大眼睛，额头凸出，四肢短小）都能够吸引我们，从不足为奇的生物（海豹，考拉）到奇怪的生物（美西螈，蝾螈的一种），再到无生命的动物（米老鼠）。但小狗的可爱性是独以人类为导向的，但对其可爱性的战略性利用并不仅仅局限于幼犬。英国心理学家在 2017 年对 1 至 12 岁的狗进行的一项研究表明，当人们看着宠物时，它们更有可能扬起眉毛、伸出舌头，这是一种视觉暗示，让成年狗看起来更像小狗。其他研究更清楚地表明了为什么狗会以这种方式吸引我们的注意。人们已经发现催产素（即所谓的爱情激素）在狗和它们的主人对视后激增，激发存在于人类母亲和婴儿之间的相同反馈循环。换句话说，我们与小狗对视的次数越多，我们与它们的关系就会越紧密。
小狗出生时既听不见也看不见，因此它们在生命的最初几周和人类没有互动，而韦恩指出，许多人觉得小狗在这个阶段很陌生，也没有吸引力。最近一项针对人类的研究表明，与 6 周大的幼犬相似， 6 个月大的婴儿被认为比新生儿更可爱。
这让我们达到了巅峰可爱期的最终目的：弥补新生儿的丑陋。正如心理学家加里·谢尔曼和乔纳森·海德特所提出的那样，人类婴儿迟来的可爱感远远好于过度悉心呵护带来的可爱感——这还会引发大量的社交互动，例如抚摸、玩耍和说话。这些行为对小狗的发育也是至关重要的，但是对于极小的幼犬来说，这些行为不能有效地发挥作用。谢尔曼和海德特总结道：“一个人不是生来就可爱的，他只会变得越来越可爱。”
E
It is reassuring that this week of an $8.3 -billion emergency spending plan to fight the spread and severity of the coronavirus is rapidly passed. What ' s not is that they left out of the funding package an important tool to fight the spread of COVID -19: paying people with coronavirus symptoms to stay home from work.
The dollars will go to vaccine and therapeutics （疗法） development, protective equipment for health care workers and help for global health efforts. But there ' s no earmark for payments for people who may contract the virus but can ' t afford to take a day off.
That' s a problem because, with the coronavirus apparently now freely circulating throughout the U.S., public health officials are asking people who have symptoms of the novel virus to stay home from work.
For people like me who work in companies that offer paid sick leave or in jobs that can be done remotely, it' s not a hardship to stay at home to nurse a cough in case it is not just a seasonal cold. But for the 32 million American workers who lack paid sick leave benefits, it ' s a completely different calculus. It ' s not fair to make low -wage workers choose between the real risk of not having enough money for the rent and the theoretical one of spreading an invisible contagion.
If we can spend $1 billion on global health efforts, surely we can find some funds to pay sick Americans to stay home. Frankly, I' m surprised that, given the advanced age of the people running our government, this hasn ' t even been part of the funding discussion.
But it should be, because here ' s the harsh reality: This outbreak favors the young. People over 60 are much more likely to get seriously ill and die from the COVID -19 illness than younger adults. And guess who makes up most of the people in food service jobs? Don ' t we want to encourage them not to come to work sick?
1. Which of the following represents the author ' s suggestion?
A.Giving a hand to global health efforts.
B.Supporting vaccine and therapeutics development.
C.Providing protective equipment for health care workers.
D.Paying people with coronavirus symptoms to stay home.
2. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The government should spend $1 billion on sick Americans to stay home.
B.The author doesn ' t have paid sick leave.
C.The current situation makes the low -wage workers in a dilemma.
D.Paying sick Americans to stay home has been in discussion.
3.Who makes up most of the people in food service jobs?
A. The elderly.
B. The young.
C. The rich.
D. The poor.
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The author objects the emergency spending plan.
B.The author wants to get paid sick leave and work remotely.
C.Confronted with the novel virus , the elderly is more vulnerable than the young.
D.The author suggests the government should fund sick Americans to stay home.
【答案】 1~4 DCAD
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，作者摆事实，讲道理，建议政府从紧急支付计划中划拨一部分资金救济那些因新冠症状而在家不上班的人群。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“ The dollars will go to vaccine and therapeutics （疗法） development, protective equipment for health care workers and help for global health efforts. But there ' s no earmark for payments for people who may contract the virus but can ' t afford to take a day off. ” 可知 A、 B、C 均在该计划内，而 D 选项是作者的提议。故选 D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“ If we can spend $1 billion on global health efforts, surely we can find some funds to pay sick Americans to stay home. ”可知，该计划支出 10 亿美元用于全球健康事业，但并没有说出明确的数额以支付生病的美国人在家不工作，故 A 选项错误；
根据第四段第一句“ For people like me who work in companies that offer paid sick leave ”可知，作者所在公司提供带薪病假。故 B 选项错误；根据第四段第三句“ It 's not fair to make low -wage workers choose between the real risk of not having enough money for the rent and the theoretical one of spreading an invisible contagion. ”可知，让低收入员工在没足够的钱付房租
的实际风险和传播隐形传染病的理论风险之间做出选择是不公平的。因此目前的情形使低收入员工很为难，故 C 选项正确；根据第五段第二句“ Frankly, I'm surprised that, given the advanced age of the people running our government, this hasn ' t even been part of the funding discussion.”可知，付钱给在家不上班的生病的美国人这项举措还未进行讨论。故 D 选项错
误。故选 C。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段“ People over 60 are much more likely to get seriously ill and die from the COVID-19 illness than younger adults. And guess who makes up most of the people in food service jobs? Don ' t we want to encourage them not to come to work sick? ”可知， 60 岁以上的老年人比年轻人更可能得 COVID-19 重症并死亡。因此可以推断，是老年人占食品服务行业的大多数，应该鼓励他们不要带病上班。故选A。
4.概括大意题。这是一篇议论文，作者摆事实，讲道理，建议政府从紧急支付计划中划拨一部分资金救济那些因新冠症状而在家不上班的人群。故选D。
【词汇积累】
earmark [??m ɑ:k] n. 标记；特征 v. 指定??的用途；预先安排，确定 apparently [ ??p?r ?ntli] adv. 显然；据??所知；看来 contagion [k ?n?te ?d??n] n. 接触传染；接触性传染病；（不良事物的快速）传播，蔓延，扩散 harsh [h ɑ:?] adj. 残酷的；严酷的；严厉的
【句法剖析】
1. What 's not is that they left out of the funding package an important tool to fight the spread of COVID-19: paying people with coronavirus symptoms to stay home from work. 句意：令人不满意的是他们把一个对抗 COVID-19 病毒传播的重要工具排除在资助计划之外：付钱给有冠状病毒症状的人，让他们留在家里不工作。
句子分析：此句中 What 's not 是一个主语从句， that they left out of the funding package an important tool to fight the spread of COVID -19: paying people with coronavirus symptoms to stay home from work 是表语从句， leave out 表示“遗漏，省去，不考虑” 。
2. For people like me who work in companies that offer paid sick leave or in jobs that can be done remotely, it ' s not a hardship to stay at home to nurse a cough in case it is not just a seasonal cold.
句意：对于像我这样在提供带薪病假的公司工作，或者可以远程作业的人来说，呆在家里调理咳嗽并不困难，以防这不仅仅是季节性感冒。
句子分析：此句中 who work in companies that offer paid sick leave or in jobs that can be done remotely 是定语从句，用来修饰先行词 people ，句子主干是 it's not a hardship ，in case 引导目的
状语从句。