常用介词短语及动词短语汇总.doc

常用介词短语及动词短语汇总.doc
常用介词短语及动词短语汇总.doc

1.“介词+名词”型

(1)in +名词

in advance 在前头,事先,预先in case 如果,万一

in charge 主管,掌管,看管in common共有,共同,公有in demand 有需要的

in doubt 感到疑惑的,难以确定的

in effect 实际上,生效

in fact 事实上

in order 按序,井然有序,情况良好;恰当

in progress 进行中

in return 作为回报

in turn 依次,替换地;相应地,转而

in vain 徒劳

(2)on +名词

on guard 在值勤

on leave 在休假

on holiday 在度假

on strike 罢工

on sale 出售

on loan 借贷

on+ the +名词

on the move 在移动,搬迁;离开

on the march 在行军

on the flow 在涨潮

on the increase 正在增加

on the go 正在活动,正在奔走

on the air 正在广播

on the fly 正在飞行

(3) beyond +名词

beyond one's power 是某人力所不及的

beyond praise 夸不胜夸

beyond one's reach 够不着

beyond description 难以形容

beyond words 无法用语言形容

beyond doubt 无疑

beyond one's understanding 无法理解

(4) under +名词

under development 在发展中

under observation 在观察中

under test 在测试中

under construction 在建设中

under examination 在检查 (调查)中

under consideration 在考虑中

under repair 在修理中

(5) at+名词

at length详细地,长时间

at sea茫然

at will任意地

at work在上班

at lunch在吃午饭

at rest在休息

at table在吃饭

at school上学

at church做礼拜

at peace处于和平状态

(6) out of+名词

out of breath上气不接下气

out of balance失去平衡

out of date过时

out of patience不耐烦

out of control失去控制

out of business破产

out of style过时,不时髦

out of the ordinary不寻常的

out of touch失去联系

2.复杂介词型

(1)表示原因 ( 通常在句中作状语 ), 意为“由于,因为”。

) ;

because of :表示实际原因( 表达一种较强的因果关系

on account of:常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素。

(2)表示“除之外” 。

with the exception of=except, except for“除之外” ;

apart from (=美式英语中的aside from)是个复合介词,既可表示“除之外”

,相当于 except (for),又可以表示“除之外,( 还,也 ) ”,相当于besides ;

in addition to“除之外( 还,也 ) ”,相当于besides 。

(3)表示“有关,关于” 。

concerning=regarding “关于,就而论,在方面”; with

respect to “关于,就而言”;

as for 和 as to 用于句首时表示“至于”。

(4)表示“在之前” 。

ahead of=in advance of ,可表示“ ( 在空间或时间上比某人或某事物

) 更前,更早”,还可表示“领先,优于” ;

in front of多指空间的前后关系,“在前方” 。

(5)表示“支持,赞成” 。

in support of维护,支持,支援;

in favor of可指某人“支持,赞成” ,也可指事物“有利于” 。

(6)表示“鉴于,由于;根据,按照” 。

in the light of 按照,考虑到 in terms of 就 而言,谈到 according to

根据;按照 in view of

鉴于,因为

(7) 表示“尽管” 。

尽管,不管

以动词为词源形成的常用动词短语 1.

以 break 为中心 break away from 脱离,逃离

break down 出故障,崩溃,粉碎,瓦解 break in 闯进,打断

break into 闯入;强行进入 break out 爆发,发生

break off 打断,断绝,折断;

突然终止

break through 突破;克服

break up

破碎;解散,分解;结束

2.

以 bring 为中心 bring about 导致,引起,促使 bring back 带回,使回忆,使恢复 bring down 使下降,打垮,击落 bring forward 提出;提前

bring in 把 带进来;引进;挣得

bring on 导致,引起,使发展 bring out 使显现;出版 bring up

抚养,养育,培养

(收入)

3. 以 call 为中心

call at 访问 ( 某地 ) ;停泊在

call away 叫走;把 ( 注意力 ) 转移开 call for 需要,要求;接 ( 某人 ) ,迎 call in 召集,收集;下令收回 call off 取消,下令停止

call on 要求,恭请;号召;拜访 (某人)

call out 下令罢工;召唤出动

call up

打电话给 ;召集;使想起

4. 以 carry 为中心

carry away 冲走,带走;冲昏某人头脑 carry back 拿回,运回;使想起

carry off 成功地对付;获得 ( 奖品 )

carry on 坚持,继续,进行

carry out

贯彻,执行,实施

(7)

n spite of

carry through坚持到底,进行到底;履行( 承诺 )

5.以 come为中心

come about 发生

come across 偶尔发现;偶然遇到

come back 回来;恢复,复原

come off ( 头发、牙齿、纽扣 ) 脱落,离开

come on 上演;开始;赶快;发展

come out 出来;发芽;出版;结果是;说出

come over 访问;突然感到

come round/around 苏醒;拜访;再次发生

come to an end 终止,结束

when it comes to 就而论,谈到

come to life 苏醒

come to light 明朗化,出现,显露出来

come to oneself 恢复常态

come true 实现,成为现实

come up 走近;发生;发芽; ( 问题 ) 被提出

6.以 cut 为中心

cut away cut down cut off

cut out

cut through cut up 切去,砍掉

砍倒,削减,缩短

切断,中断;阻碍,阻挡切下,剪下,裁下;删去开辟(出路等 )

切碎,切掉;使悲伤

7.以 fall 为中心

fall back撤退,后退

fall behind落后,落伍,落在后面

fall down不够好

fall in love with爱上

fall into陷入;养成

fall off衰退,减少

fall over被绊倒

8.以 get 为中心

get about徘徊,走动;流传

get across get along get around get away get back get down to

使被理解

前进,进步;离去,相处走动;传播

离开,逃脱

取回,回来;报复

认真对待,静下心来

get out of由出来,从得出;避免;放弃get over越过;恢复,痊愈;克服;完成

get rid of除去,去掉;免除,摆脱

get through拨通;到达;完成;通过;及格

get up起床,起立;忙于,从事

9.以 give 为中心

give away赠送;失去;泄露

give back归还;使恢复

give in屈服,让步,投降

give off发出(烟、气味)

give out分发;公布;发出;用完,耗尽

give up放弃;停止

10.以 go 为中心

go about开始做某事;忙于某事

go across 度过,越过

go after 追逐,追求,跟随

go against 反对,不利于

go ahead 前进,进展,继续

go along with 陪伴,和一道走

go away 离开,走掉

go by 经过,过去

go for 支持,赞成;适用于,去(取、拿)

go off 走开;爆炸

go on继续,接下去

go out 出去;熄灭;送出;播出

go over 温习,检查

go round 拜访;参观

go through 审查,履行;通过;经历,忍受

go too far 走得太远,做 / 说得太过火

go up 上升,上涨;攀登

go without 没有也行

11.以 hold 为中心

hold back隐瞒;阻止;克制

hold down压制;压低

hold on坚持;等一等,别挂断

hold on to抓住不放;不卖

hold out伸出;提供机会

hold up举起,竖起;支持住;延误,使耽搁

12.以 keep 为中心

keep away (from)不接近,避开,远离

keep back 阻止,扣留,隐瞒

keep in mind 记住

keep off 不接近,远离;避免吃( 或喝、吸 ) 某物keep out 使不入内;不卷入

keep pace with 跟上,同步调一致

keep to 坚持;固守,遵守

keep up 继续; ( 天气 ) 持续不变;保持,维持

keep up with 赶上,跟上,与并肩前进

13.以 lay 为中心

lay aside把放在一边;留存备用

lay down lay off lay out 放下;规定

( 暂时 ) 解雇;停止铺开,展开

14.以leave为中心

leave behind留下,忘记携带;超过;永久离开leave out省去,遗漏,不把计算在内

leave off停止;中断

leave over留下,剩下

leave alone不干涉,不打扰

15.以 look 为中心

look about 四下环顾;查看

look after 照顾,看管

look around 东张西望

look back 回顾,回头看

look back on/upon 回顾

look for 寻找;期待,期望

look down on/upon 俯视;轻视

look forward to 盼望,期待

look into 窥视;调查;浏览

look on/upon as把看作

look out 向外看;注意;当心,提防

look out for 当心,寻找,搜寻

look through 透过看去;看穿;浏览

look up 查阅;仰视

look up to 仰慕,尊敬

16.以 pick 为中心

pick off pick out pick up 去除;选择 ( 目标 ) 射击

精心挑出,辨别出

接( 某人 ) ,搭载;捡起;学会;(偶然)得到

pull apart拉开,分开

pull away开动

pull down拉下,拉倒;拆毁;使( 价格 ) 下降;使扫兴pull in( 车船 ) 抵达

pull off短暂停车;获得成功

pull out驶出,离开

pull through克服困难;恢复

pull up停止;训斥

18.以 put 为中心

put aside把放在一边;搁置;积蓄,攒钱

put away把放好,把收拾;储藏

put back

put down

put an end to

put forward

put in

put off

put on

put one's heart into

put out

put through

put up

put up with 把放回原处

放下;镇压;记下

结束,终止,废除

提出;拨快;建议,推荐;提倡安装;添上;打断

推迟,延期;消除;推脱,脱下

上演;穿上;增加;开动

全神贯注,专心致志

熄灭,伸出,拿出

完成; ( 电话用语 ) 拨通;使穿过举起,挂起;提名,推荐;安排住宿忍受,容忍

19.以 send 为中心

send away解雇;赶走,把送往远处

send for派人去叫(请、拿)

send off发出,寄出;邮购,函购

send out发出,散发

send up发射;使上升;取笑

20.以 set 为中心

set about (doing) 着手,开始

set an example to sb. 给某人树立榜样

set aside 留出;放在一边;暂不考虑

set back 使推迟;使花费

set down 放下,卸下;登记,记载

set free 释放(某人 )

set off 出发;使爆炸;引起

set out 出发;发表;着手做某事

set up 建立,设立,开办;引发,产生

take after 仿效,与相似

take away 拿走,减去;消除

take back 收回,取消

take care of 当心,注意;照顾;提防;谨慎

take charge of 负责,主管

take down 取下;记下;拆毁

take in 留宿;欺骗;吸收;理解

take into account/consideration 考虑,重视take off 脱去,除去;起飞,起程

take on 呈现;雇佣;承担,担任

take one's place 代替

take out 拿出,取出;去除

take over 接管,接任;占上风

take part in 参与,参加

take place 发生;举行

take pride in 以为荣,对感到骄傲

22. 以 think 为中心

think about 考虑

think highly/well/much/a lot of 对评价很高think little/ill/nothing of 轻视,看不起

think of as 把看作

think out 仔细考虑,想通

think through 想通;充分考虑

think up 想出;发明

23. 以 throw 为中心

throw at 把投向

throw away 丢弃,浪费;错失(机会)

throw oneself into 投身于,积极从事

throw out 逐出;否决;散发

throw up 呕吐;使显眼;匆匆建造

24.以 turn 为中心

turn away把打发走,转脸不理睬

turn down调小;驳回,拒绝考虑

turn off关上;拐弯;使厌烦

turn on打开;依靠,取决于;突然攻击

turn out出席;证明是;向外;出现

turn over翻转;转动

turn (a)round旋转,转过身来

turn in上交

常用介词短语总结

常用介词短语总结 一、近义介词短语辨析 1. 表示原因(通常在句中作状语) 1) because of:表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系) 2) on account of:常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素 3) out of + 抽象名词:常用来引述心理、情感因素,如out of one’s own will(出于自愿) 4) owing / due to:着重把原因归于某事物,既可作状语又可作定语,due to还可以作后置定语,如:Mistakes due to carelessness may cause serious consequence. 由于粗心犯的错误也许会引起严重的后果。 5) thanks to:后面通常接表示积极意义的原因,意为"多亏,幸亏由于"。例句: He walked slowly because of his bad leg. 他腿不好,所以走得很慢。Michel and Billy, on account of their wide experiences in climbing, were voted leaders. 迈克尔与贝利由于有丰富的登山经验,被选为队长。

She did it out of sympathy. 她这样做是出于同情。 Most of the problems were owing/due to human errors. 大部分问题都是由于人为的错误造成的。 Thanks to your energy and intelligence, the development scheme has been finally realized. 多亏了你的精力和智慧,这项发展计划终于实现了。 2. 表示排除 1) with the exception of意义与except, except for相同,但比它们正式 2) apart from (=美式英语中的aside from)是个复合介词,既可表示"除……之外",相当于except (for), 又可以表示"除……之外,(还,也)"相当于besides。例句: They all passed the physics examination with the exception of Tom. 除汤姆外他们物理考试都及格了。 We had a smooth journey apart from(= except for) a flat tyre. 我们一路上很顺利,只是车胎漏了一次气。 Apart from(= besides) a flat tyre, we had broken brakes. 我们不但车胎漏了气,而且刹车也出了毛病。

2020高考英语语法填空:常考动词 介词短语练习100道

常考动词&介词短语练习 1.Please tell me how the accident came ______. I am still in the dark. 2.The students were told to polish ___ their English before going abroad. 3.---What's wrong with Jane? ---A letter from home set ____ an attack of homesickness. 4. Your article will have to be cut ____ to fit into the magazine. 5.Our teachers promised to attend our class meeting, but they haven't turned ____ yet. 6. The novel is so badly written that I can hardly figure ___ what the writer is trying to say. 7.---I heard Back Street Boys will sing at the New Theatre. ---Where did you pick that _____ ? 8. They've _____ us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take it? 9. Please make sure the light will go _____ if no one is in the room. 10. The simple joy of reading is something we take for granted. But many people have had to give _____ this pleasure because of poor eyesight. 11. It is a pity that the quarrel broke _____ their friendship. 12. Isn’t it time yo u got down ____ _____the papers? (mark) 13 After recovering from his illness, he was advised to take _____ gardening as hobby. 14. You may _____ tired of studying English, but in the long run, you'll be glad that you did. 15. Chemicals in the body break _____ our food into useful substance. 16. ---Let's go to the lecture on International Trade this evening. ---That' s great. I'll call _____ you at 6: 30. 17. I tried to work on, but I was so tired that I could no longer hold _____ . 18. ---What a large and bright room ! Is it a classroom? ---No, It is meant _____ the students' reading-room. 19. Once the poison is brought _____ , there is no further danger. 20. It was only when her sorrow broke _____ that Tom looked at her. 21. The lower room was in darkness, but by _____ his way he found the bag. 22. We may have dreams because we have needs that are _____ in our daily lives.(meet) 23. Miss Kate smiled _____them all, appeared to say something, and went quietly out. 24. ---Excuse me, what time can I see you tonight?

英语介词用法大全

英语介词用法大全 TTA standardization office【TTA 5AB- TTAK 08- TTA 2C】

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?介词和介词短语的概念: 介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。介词可以分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词和其他介词。 ?误用介词的三种情况: 1、多用介词: 多用介词可能是受汉语意思的影响将及物动词误用作不及物动词,也可能是受相关结构的影响而用错: 误:We discussed about the plan. 正:We discussed the plan. 我们讨论了计划。 误:Did he mention about the accident? 正:Did he mention the accident? 他提到那次事故了吗? 误:I saw her enter into the bank. 正:I saw her enter the bank. 我看见她进了银行。 误:He married with[to] a nurse. 正:He married a nurse. 他同一位护士结了婚。 误:How can contact with you? 正:How can contact you? 我怎么与你联系? 误:We should serve for the people heart and soul. 正:We should serve the people heart and soul. 我们应该全心全意地为人民服务。 误:Who controls over the factory? (但名词control可接over) 正:Who controls the factory? 谁管理这个工厂? 误:He has a great many of friends here. (比较a great number of) 正:He has a great many friends here. 他在这儿有很多朋友。 2、漏用介词: 漏用介词可能是受汉语意思的影响将不及物动词误用作及物动词,或是受相关结构的影响的影响而用错等:误:This matter is difficult to deal. (deal with=处理) 正:This matter is difficult to deal with. 这事很难处理。 误:He is not a man to be depended. 正:He is not a man to be depended on. 他不是个可靠的人。 误:He took a cup of tea, and went on the story. 正:He took a cup of tea, and wentonwiththestory.他喝了一口茶,又接着讲故事。 误:My mother still regards me a child. (比较consider…as中的as可省略) 正:My mother still regards me as a child. 我母亲还把我当小孩看。 误:They insisted sending a car over to fetch us. 正:They insisted on sending a car over to fetch us.他们坚持要派车来接我们。 误:What he says is worth listening. 正:What he said is worth listening to.他的话值得一听。 3、错用介词: 错用介词的情况比较复杂,可能是因受汉语意思的而错,也可能是因弄不清搭配关系而错,可能是混淆用法而错,也可能是受相关结构的影响而错,可能是忽略语境而错,也可能是想当然的用错:

中考英语中常用的介词短语搭配大全

初中英语中常用的介词短语搭配 at 短语 be angry at sth.对某事生气arrive at到达……(小地方) knock at/on敲…… at last最后,终于 laugh at嘲笑 look at看,注视 at the moment现在,此时 point at/to指向 at times不时 on 短语 agree on(通过协商)达成共识call on拜访,看望 come on快点儿;加油 on display在展出 hang on稍等,别挂断 on holiday度假,休假 play a joke on和……开玩笑,戏弄…… keep on继续live on以……为食,靠……生活 put on穿上;戴上 turn on打开,旋开(收音机、电灯、煤气等) work on从事于,致力于 to 短语 agree to同意,答应,接受(计划、建议、条件、安排等) go to bed上床睡觉 compare...to...把……与……作比较from...to...从……到…… get to 到达 do harm to对……有害处 lead to通往;导致 pay attention to注意 to one’s surprise使某人吃惊的是take...to...把……带到/给…… write to...写信给…… in 短语 arrive in到达……(大地方)

in danger在危险中 drop in顺便拜访 hand in交上,上交 join in参加 in a moment马上,立即take part in参加 take pride in以……为荣 in surprise吃惊地,惊讶地 of 短语 be afraid of害怕 take care of照顾;处理make fun of嘲笑……instead of代替;而不是learn of听说…… speak of谈到,提起 think of考虑;想出;认为 about 短语 care about担心;关心think about考虑 for 短语call for需要,要求;提倡,号召care for关怀,照顾 except for除了……之外 fight for为……而战 leave for...前往……,去…… look for寻找 for a moment一会儿 pay for sth.为……付款 send for派人去请 away 短语 give away分发;赠送 put away收好,放好 take away拿走,带走 throw away扔掉 out 短语 break out(火灾、战争等)突然发生,爆发 out of breath上气不接下气 find out发现 give out分发 go out出去

语法——介词和介词短语

语法——介词和介词短语

第5讲介词和介词短语 介词是一种虚词,不能独立在句中作成分,必须与名词、代词、或动词-ing形式构成介词短语在句中作定语、表语、状语和补语等成分。英语中,有些常用介词的有很多种用法,这些用法大都是因习惯而形成的;还有一些介词可以和名词构成固定短语。因此,考生在平时的复习中要多加注意。 核心考点01 考查时间介词 英语中,表示时间的介词很多,有的表示在片刻的时间(at);有的表示在一段时间内(in,for);有的表示特定的日子、具体日期、具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上(on);有的表示从某个时间开始(since, from);有的表示直到某个时间为止(until, till)。这些表示时间的介词是语法填空和短文改错考查的重点。作答时需要注意:如果表示时间的名词前是空格,而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语、或动词的宾语,就很可能是填介词。 典例分析 Steve Jobs, the founder of the Apple Company,

passed away after years of battle against pancreatic cancer ________ Oct. 6th, 2011, 【解析】句意:史蒂夫·乔布斯,苹果公司的创始人,在和胰腺癌抗争了多年后与2011年10月6日去世。 【答案】on 状元提醒

核心考点02考查方位介词 英语中表示方位的介词也很多,比如:in表示“在……范围内”,on指“与……毗邻”,to 指“在某环境范围之外”,off表示“离……一些距离”或“离……不远的海上”。再如:over 常表示“在……正上方”,其反义词是under;而above往往表示“在……的斜上方”,其反义词是below。over还可以表示“(部分或全部覆

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