2012.5情态动词+have done用法及练习

2012.5情态动词+have done用法及练习
2012.5情态动词+have done用法及练习

情态动词+have done用法及练习

1.must have done 表示对过去或已经发生的行为或状态进行确有把握的推测,

意为“肯定做了某事”;只能用在陈述句的肯定句中。

It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.

The lights were out. They must have been asleep.

2.can’t/couldn’t have done sth.表示对过去或已经发生的行为或状态进行确有把的推

意为“不可能做了某事”;只能用在陈述句的否定句中。

He was with me last night. He can’t/ couldn’t have gone to the theatre.

I saw Mr. Wang just now. He couldn’t have gone to Beijing.

Can/Could …have done sth?表示对过去或已经发生的行为或状态的怀疑.

意为“可能已经…吗?”。用在疑问句中。

He didn’t attend his sister’s birthd ay party. Can/Could he have forgotten it?

3.could have done sth.用于陈述句的肯定句中时是虚拟语气,表示没有实现的可能性,意为“本来可以做,可能已经做”。有一种对过去为付诸实施的事情的惋惜。用于肯定句中

You could have done better, but you were too careless.

4.may/might(not)have done sth表示对过去或已经发生的行为或状态进行推测

意为“可能(没有)做了某事;只能用在陈述句的肯定和否定句中。

It’s too late. I think he may have gone to bed. He might not have finished the work.

5.Should/ought to have done sth表示“本应该做…”而实际上没做

Should/ought not to have done sth. 表示“本不应该做”而实际上做了

You should have come to the meeting earlier. You ought to have done this exercise .

You shouldn’t have told her the truth. He ought not to have treated his parents like that.

6.needn’t have done sth.表示做了“本来不必做的事

didn’t need to do 表示“没有必要做而实际上也没有做的事“

You needn’t have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house.

I didn’t need to clean the windows. My brother did it.

7.had better have done sth.用于事后的建议,含轻微的责备的口吻,意为“当时最好

做了某事“,其否定形式had better not have done sth 表达相反的含义。You had better have started earlier. You had better not have scolded her.

8.would rather have done sth 表示“当时宁愿做了某事”其否定形式would rather not have

done sth 表示相反的含义,两者都表示“后悔的意思

I would rather have taken his advice.

I raised objections at the meeting, but now I would rather not have done that.

1. We ____ last night, but we went to the concert instead

A. must have studied

B. might study

C. should have studied

D. would study

2. – Why does Alice know so much about Angkor Wat? -- She ____ have been there.

A. must

B. oughtn’t to

C. may

D. can’t

3. – Tom came to work last Friday, but no one has seen him since.

-- ___ he have had an accident? A. Should B. Must C. Might D. Could

4. –What’s the matter with you?

-- Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ___ so much fried fish just now.

A. shouldn’t eat

B. mustn’t have eaten

C. shouldn’t have eaten

D. mustn’t eat

5. –Mom’s gift? She __ have chosen a better one for me. – She __ be very happy to know it.

A. should ; must

B. might ; wouldn’t

C. couldn’t ; must

D. mustn’t ; can’t

6. -- ____ he have been chosen as captain of the football team? -- Yes, he ____.

A. May ; must have

B. Must ; must have

C. Can; must

D. Must; must

7. –Look, John’s fallen asleep. – Oh, he __ too late last night.

A. might sit up

B. should have sat up

C. could sit up

D. must have sat up

8. Don’t be so anxious about that. Helen ____ a note.

A. may leave

B. should leave

C. might have left

D. can have left

9. Why didn’t you make me a telephone call yesterday? --Sorry, I ____ , but

I was too busy.

A. ought to

B. ought to have

C. might have

D. should have done

10. – Mum, I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf.

-- My goodness! Y ou ___ yourself. You ___ do that next time.

A. must have hurt ; mustn’t

B. should have hurt; can’t

C. may have hurt ; mustn’t

D. might have hurt ; won’t be able to

11. -- ___ the plane have taken off on time? -- I’m afraid not. The fog was too thick then

A. Would

B. Should

C. Must

D. Can

12. – Has Mike started? He said he would join in the party.

-- He ___ . He is a man of keeping his word.

A. could have gone

B. must have gone

C. can’t come

D. won’t be coming

13. Why didn’t you tell me yesterday that you could lend me some money?

I___ mo ney from the bank. A. needn’t borrow B. can’t have borrowed

C. needn’t have borrowed

D. may not have borrowed

14. – I saw Mr. Smith at West Beijing Station this morning.

--- You __ .He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.

A. couldn’t have

B. mustn’t have

C. shouldn’t

D. needn’t

15. Someone ___ my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.

A. was using

B. must have used

C. has used

D. has been using

16. – How dangerous it was! -- Yes, without the passer-by’s quick action, the girl ____.

A. was drowned

B. might have been drowned

C. had drowned

D. should be drowned

17. I went to see the film yesterday, but I _______ at home , watching TV .

A. had better have stayed

B. ought to have stayed

C. would rather have stayed

D. could have stayed

18. Some women ___ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.

A.must made

B. should have made

C. would make

D. could have made

1. We ____ last night, but we went to the concert instead

A. must have studied

B. might study

C. should have studied

D. would study

2. – Why does Alice know so much about Angkor Wat? -- She ____ have been there.

A. must

B. oughtn’t to

C. may

D. can’t

3. – Tom came to work last Friday, but no one has seen him since.

-- ___ he have had an accident? A. Should B. Must C. Might D. Could

4. –What’s the matter with you?

-- Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ___ so much fried fish just now.

A. shouldn’t eat

B. mustn’t have eate n

C. shouldn’t have eaten

D. mustn’t eat

5. –Mom’s gift? She __ have chosen a better one for me. – She __ be very happy to know it.

A. should ; must

B. might ; wouldn’t

C.couldn’t ; must

D. mustn’t ; can’t

6. -- ____ he have been chosen as captain of the football team? -- Yes, he ____.

A. May ; must have

B. Must ; must have

C. Can; must

D. Must; must

7. –Look, John’s fallen asleep. – Oh, he __ too late last night.

A. might sit up

B. should have sat up

C. could sit up

D. must have sat up

8. Don’t be so anxious about that. Helen ____ a note.

A. may leave

B. should leave

C. might have left

D. can have left

9. Why didn’t you make me a telephone call yesterday? --Sorry, I ____ , but I was too busy.

A. ought to

B. ought to have

C. might have

D. should have done

10. – Mum, I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf.

-- My goodness! You ___ yourself. You ___ do that next time.

A. must have hurt ; mustn’t

B. should have hurt; can’t

C. may have hurt ; mustn’t

D. might have hurt ; won’t be able to

11. -- ___ the plane have taken off on time? -- I’m afraid not. The fog was too thick then

A. Would

B. Should

C. Must

D. Can

12. – Has Mike started? He said he would join in the party.

-- He ___ . He is a man of keeping his word.

A. could have gone

B. must have gone

C. can’t come

D. won’t be coming

13. Why didn’t you tell me yesterday that you could lend me some money? I___ money fr om

the bank. A. needn’t borrow B. can’t have borrowed

C. needn’t have borrowed

D. may not have borrowed

14. – I saw Mr. Smith at West Beijing Station this morning.

--- You __ .He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.

A.couldn’t have

B. mustn’t have

C. shouldn’t

D. needn’t

15. Someone ___ my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.

A. was using

B. must have used

C. has used

D. has been using

16. – How dangerous it was! -- Yes, without the passer-by’s quick action, the girl ____.

A. was drowned

B. might have been drowned

C. had drowned

D. should be drowned

17. I went to see the film yesterday, but I _______ at home , watching TV .

A. had better have stayed

B. ought to have stayed

C. would rather have stayed

D. could have stayed

18. Some women ___ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.

A.must made

B. should have made

C. would make

D. could have made

Exercise 2 Translate the following

1 昨晚你准是熬夜了。你看上去很疲倦。

You _______________________________last night. You look so tired now.

2 他有可能已经到达上海了吗?

_______________________________________Shanghai?

3 她不可能已经忘了你对她的帮忙的。

She ______________________________________ the favor you have done for her.

4 他们也许还没有完成那项工作。

They ________________________________ that task.

5 你的作文中有一些单词拼写的错误。你本该更仔细一些的。

There are some spelling mistakes in your composition You _______________________.

6 李华看上去很伤心。你本不该告诉他真相的。

Li Hua looks rather sad. You _______________________him the truth.

7 昨天他本不必从火车站打车去你们学校的的。因为从车站到你们学校步行只有十分钟的路程。

Yesterday he _______________________a taxi to your school, for it was only ten minutes walk from the station to your school.

8 昨天他休假不必早起上班。

He took a day off yesterday, so he ________________________ early to go to work.

9 你当时最好查明真相就好了。你当时最好别惩罚那个学生就好了。

You _______________________ the truth. You _____________________ that student.

10 我昨天与李华吵架了,但我现在宁愿没有那么做。

I quarreled with Li Hua yesterday, but now I _____________________________that.

11 我宁愿参加了上周的义务劳动。

I ________________________________the volunteer work last week.

Keys

1. must have stayed up late

2. Can/Could he have arrived in

3. She can’t have forgotten

4. might not have finished

5. should/ought to have been more careful

6. shouldn’t/oughtn’t have told

7. needn’t have taken 8. didn’t need to get up

9. had better have found out had better not have punished

10. would rather not have done 11. I would rather have taken part in

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