have的用法小结
have 的用法小结
一、have作实意动词。
1.表示“有”的意思。
Look, I have wings, just like you. (JBⅤL1)
He had fair hair and blue eyes. (JBⅥL2) 〔注1〕：其否定和疑问形式变化，在美国通常用助动词do。
〔注2〕：在英国口语中常用have got代替have.
Look, can’t you see I've got teeth, too,(JBⅤL1)
I haven't got any jewelry.(SBⅠL5)
2.have和一些其他名词连用，表示：
(1)一种活动。
We have no classes on Sunday.（上课）(JBⅡL11)
they’re going to have a volleyball match.（举行比赛）(JBⅢL11)
Are we going to have a meeting this week?（开会）(JBⅢL11)
We are going to have a talk this afternoon.（听报告）(JBⅢL11)
(2)患病。
I have got a headache.(JBⅣL8)
I have a bad cold.(JBⅤL3)
(3)发生的情况。
I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.（跌跤）(JBⅣL10) (4)生育。
The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer.(SBⅠL14) 3.和一与动词同形的名词连用，表示一个动作（have＋a＋由动词转化和名词）。
Are you going to have a swim.(JBⅢL1)
I have a long talk with the teacher.(JBⅣL10)
4.have on sth.或have sth. on，表示“穿着”、“戴着”(=to be wearing)。
I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.(SBⅡL6)
At the ball Motile had a diamond necklace on.
5.表示“吃”、“喝”。
I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.(JBⅢL10)
Does she have lunch at home?(JBⅡL11)
6.组成复合结构即“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。
(1)不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语(have sb. do sth.)，表示让、叫某人做某事。 The soldier had him stand with his back to his father.(SBⅠL17) 〔注〕：否定结构表示“不能让…”或“从未有人…”.
We won't have you blame it on others.
She had never had anybody speak to her that way before.
(2)现在分词作宾语补足语(have sb.(sth.)doing)，表示让（使）某人做某事。
…the two men had their lights burning all night long….
(3)过去分词作宾语补足语(have sb. (sth.)done)，表示：
①使（让，请）别人作某事，表示的动作是别人做的。
Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all the walls joined up.(SBⅠL10) …he should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.(SBⅠ L8)
②遭遇到某事。
Houses near airports sometimes have their windows broken.(SBⅠL12)
Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.(SBⅠL12)
二、have与to一起构成情态动词，表示“不得不”、“必须”，可用于各种时态。
I have to look after her at home.(JBⅢL4)
三、have做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时
和过去完成时。
Great changes have taken place the last two years.(JBⅥL3)
They said that the Arab had stolen their camel.(JBⅤL4)
四、have用于“情态动词＋have＋过去分词”的结构，有
推测、假设之意。
1.must＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测，一般用于肯定句。
Her father thought that she must have met a fairy.(SBⅠL10)
You must have left your bag in the theatre.
2.can(could)＋have＋过去分词，表示对过去发生事情的“不肯定”，常用于否定句和疑问句。
He can't have been to your home, he doesn't know your address.
3.should＋have＋过去分词，表示“某事本该早做而实际未做”，用于肯定句。
You should have been here five minutes ago.(SBⅡL10)
五、have用于某些成语，表示固定的意思。
1.have a word(a few words)with sb.，表示和某人说一（几）句话。
Where's Peter? I want to have a word with him.(SBⅢL13)
2.had better＋不带to的动词不定式，表示“…最好…”。
I'd better go and look for him now.(JBⅢL2)
3.have nothing(something)to do with，表示“和…无（有）”关系。
Most of questions had nothing to do with Edison's lessons.
HAVE的用法详解
1. 助动词have+过去分词构成完成时态。
I have never seen such a strange man.
我从未见过这么奇怪的人。
Yes, he has been here twice but hasn't had his hair cut yet.
是啊,他来了两次还没把头发理了。
He's gone to your house.
他去你家了。
2. HAVE+宾语+过去分词表示让某事由某人做。
Can I have my hair cut now?
你现在可以给我理发吗?
Oh, you haven't had your hair cut yet.
噢,你还没理发呀。
3. HAVE+宾语+原形不定词表示请或让某人做某事。
Or I can have my assistant help me do it.
或者我可以让我的助手帮我来做。
4. have作为本动词表示"有、拥有"的意思。
No, I don't have much time.
不行,我没那么多时间。
Oh, you still have many customers today.
噢,你今天还有很多顾客呀。
①have to通常指由于客观原因则不得不做某事，意思为“不得不”。
e.g. It's dark now. I have to go home.
天黑了，我不得不回家。
It's raining, and I have to stay at home.
外面在下雨，我不得不呆在家里。
一、have to与一般情态动词的异同
相同点：
一般的情态动词不能单独作谓语，后面必须接动词原形一起构成谓语，have to 也是这样。
不同点：
1、一般的情态动词没有人称和数的变化，而且所用的时态也受到一定的限制，而have to 有人称和数的变化。可用于多种时态中：一般现在时中当主语是第三人称单数时要用has to，其余的人称用have to，一般过去时中要用had to；一般将来时中则要用will have to.
e.g. She has to go to school by bus.
她不得不乘公汽上学。
You'll have to see the doctor if you get ill.
如果你生病了，就得去看医生。
2、否定句和疑问句的构成方式不同：
①一般的情态动词直接在后面加not构成否定句，把这些情态动词提到句首就构成一般疑问句。
②而have to 的否定句和疑问句的构成往往要借助于助动词do的适当形式或助动词will即have to, has to, had to和will have to的否定式分别为don't have to, doesn't have to, didn't have to和won't have to，疑问句是在句首加助动词do的相应形式，句中还原成have to或把will放到句首，这里have to简直就是一个十足的行为动词。
e.g. What does she have to do?
她必须做什么？
You didn't have to wait for me yesterday.
昨天你没有必要等我
have
AHD:[h2v]
D.J.[h#v]
K.K.[h#v]
v.（动词）
had[h2d] hav.ing， has[h2z]
v.tr.（及物动词）
To be in possession of:
拥有：
already had a car.
已经有一辆车
To possess as a characteristic, quality, or function:
气质：有…的特征、性质或功能：
has a beard; had a great deal of energy.
蓄着胡子；精力充沛
To possess or contain as a constituent part:
包含：作为某物的组成部分而含有或包含：
a car that has an automatic transmission.
有自动传动系统的汽车
To occupy a particular relation to:
有特殊关系：
had a great many disciples.
有很多信徒
To possess knowledge of or facility in:
具有某方面的知识或才能：
has very little Spanish.
懂很少一点西班牙语
To hold in the mind; entertain:
保持在脑中；怀抱：
had doubts about their loyalty.
对他们的忠诚怀有疑虑
To use or exhibit in action:
发挥：通过行动来运用或显示：
have compassion.
发挥同情心
To come into possession of; acquire:
占有；获得：
Not one copy of the book was to be had in the entire town. 整个城镇都没有这本书
To receive; get:
收到；得到：
I had a letter from my cousin.
我收到堂弟寄来的信
To accept; take:
接受；收纳：
I'll have the green peas instead of the spinach.
我想要份青豆而不是菠菜
To suffer from:
经受，遭受：
have defective vision.
视力不好
To be subject to the experience of:
经历，经验：
had a difficult time last winter.
去年冬天日子不好过
To cause to, as by persuasion or compulsion:
促使：通过劝说或强迫导致…：
had my assistant run the errand.
让我的助手跑腿
To cause to be:
使…成为：
had everyone fascinated.
把每个人都吸引住了
To permit; allow:
允许；许可：
I won't have that kind of behavior in my house.
在我家中我可不允许做那种事
To carry on, perform, or execute:
执行，做，实行：
have an argument.
进行争吵
To place at a disadvantage:
把…置于不利状态：
Your opponent in the debate had you on every issue.
你的对手在争论中使你在每个问题上都处于下风
Informal To get the better of, especially by trickery or deception:
【非正式用语】利用：尤指通过诡计或欺骗利用：
They realized too late that they'd been had by a swindler.
他们发现被一个骗子耍了，但为时已晚
Informal To influence by dishonest means; bribe:
【非正式用语】贿赂：通过不正当手段影响；贿赂：
an incorruptible official who could not be had.
一位不为贿赂所动的廉洁官员
To procreate (offspring):
繁殖（后代）：
wanted to have a child.
想要一个孩子
To give birth to; bear:
生；生育：
She's going to have a baby.
她就要生孩子了
To partake of:
吃喝：
have lunch.
吃中饭
To be obliged to; must:
被迫：必须：
We simply have to get there on time.
我们不得不准时赶到那里
To engage in sexual intercourse with.
性交：与…产生性关系
v.aux.（助动词）
Used with a past participle to form the present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect tenses indicating completed action:
与过去分词连用构成现在完成时、过去完成时或将来完成时以表示结束的行为：
The troublemaker has gone for good. I regretted that I had lost my temper. They will have finished by the time we arrive.
那捣蛋鬼已走上了正路。我对我曾大发脾气感到后悔。他们会在我们到那里的时候完成的n.（名词）
One enjoying especially material wealth:
富人：尤指享受物质财富的人：
“Almost overnight, there was a new and widespread hostility on the part of the haves toward the have-nots”(Thomas P. O'Neill, Jr.)
“几乎是一夜之间，富人们就对穷人们滋生出一种新的和的仇恨”(小托马斯P.奥涅尔) have at
To attack.
攻击
have on
To wear:
穿戴：
had on red shoes.
穿红色鞋子
To be scheduled:
策划：被安排在计划之内：
We have a dinner party on for tomorrow evening.
明天晚上我们打算参加晚宴
have done with
To stop; cease:
停止；结束：
Have done with your foolish quibbling
结束你那愚蠢的诡辩
have had it【非正式用语】
To have endured all that one can:
忍无可忍：尽一个人最大的努力忍受：
I've had it with their delays.
对他们的拖拉我已忍到头了
To be in a state beyond remedy, repair, or salvage:
无法恢复：处于一种无法治疗、修补或拯救的状态：
That coat has had it.
那件上衣已经破烂不堪了
To have done everything that is possible or that will be permitted.
已做完可能做的或被允许的一切事情
have it in for (someone)
To intend to harm, especially because of a grudge.
尤指由于嫉恨而想伤害
have it out
To settle decisively, especially by means of an argument or a discussion. 尤指通过争辩或讨论的手段最终解决
have (something) coming
To deserve what one receives:
得到某人应得之物：
You had that reprimand coming for a very long time.
你早该挨骂了
have to do with
To be concerned or associated with.
与…有联系或关联
Middle English haven
中古英语 haven
from Old English habban * see kap-
源自古英语habban *参见kap-
have
[hAv; hEv, Ev, v; hAf]
v.aux.
(过去式和过去分词为had [hAd]; 第三人称单数现在式为 has [hAz; hEz, Ez]) [构成各种完成形式]业已, 曾经
You haven't been abroad before, have you?
你以前没出过国, 是吧? ②[用于虚拟语气]
If they had [had they] time, they would certainly come and help us.
如果他们有时间, 他们一定会来帮助我们。
have
vt.
有, 怀有, 含有
知道, 了解, 懂得
吃; 吸(烟)
得到, 收到; 拿
允许, 容忍
体验; 享受; 经[遭]受; 碰到
[宾语补足语用不带 to 的不定式表示]使[让、叫]某人做某事
[宾语补足语用过去分词等结构表示]使(在)某方面出现某种状态
不得不, 必须(to)
从事, 进行, 作(某事)
显示, 表现
表明, 说, 主张
[英俚]欺骗; [口]打败, 胜过
生
have one's hair cut
(请人)理发
H-a cup of tea?
喝杯茶吗?
I had a parcel yesterday.
我昨天收到了包裹。
You were had!
你受骗了。
He had his hands burned.
他把手烧坏了。
I had to walk very fast to overtake you.
我不得不快走才能赶过你。
I won't have it.
我受不了。
As he has it.
据他所说。
have
n.
[常用复][口]有产者, 有钱人; (天然资源多的)富国
[英俚]欺诈, 诈骗
the haves and the have-nots
有钱人和穷人; 富国和穷国
be had
受骗, 上当
had rather
宁愿,宁可
had sooner
宁愿,宁可
I won't have it.
[口]我不能容忍这样的事。
Let him have it.
给他一点颜色看看; 狠狠地收拾他; 给他一枪。
not having any
[口]不同意; 不感兴趣
to have and to hold
【律】享有, 永远保有
What a have!
[口]真会骗人!
what have you
诸如此类的事物, 等等
have about one
随身带
have at sb.
[口]扑向(某人); 袭击(某人); 与(某人)比高低
have back
(havesth. back)要回, 收回
(have sb. back)允许(分离后的配偶或情人)回到自己身边have by
同(某男人)生了(小孩)
have had it
受够了, 忍无可忍了
错过机会; 完蛋了; 没希望了
(女人)被诱奸
have in (=have got...in)
(have sb. in)邀请某人到家里来
(havesth. in)贮存[备]
have it
优越, 有利
挨骂; 遭殃; 受惩罚
(亦作 have "it")有性感, 有性的诱惑力
恋爱
have it away
[俚](同某人)乱搞男女关系, 私通
have it off
[俚](同某人)乱搞男女关系, 私通
have it away with sb.
[俚](同某人)乱搞男女关系, 私通
have it off with sb.
[俚](同某人)乱搞男女关系, 私通
have it coming (to one)
[美](某人受奖, 受罚等)是应得的, 是理所当然的have it good
[口]生活好过[优裕]
have it easy
[口]生活好过[优裕]
have it soft
[口]生活好过[优裕]
have it in for sb.
[美, 口] 对某人怀恨在心, 伺机报复
have it in one
[口]有本领, 有气概
have it out
[口](同某人)一决雌雄; (同某人)讲个明白
have it out have it out
[口](同某人)一决雌雄; (同某人)讲个明白
have it over (=have it all over)
[口]胜过, 比...强
have it on (=have it all over)
[口]胜过, 比...强
have it that...
坚持, 硬说
have not much to do with
与...无多大关系
have on
穿着; 戴着
有(某事)要做; 有(某项)约会
[口]欺骗捉弄
有理由认为(某人)应负责; 掌握(某人)的事实[证据] have sb.
欺骗某人
击败[胜过]某人
[口]难住某人; 抓住某人的错误
have sb. around
请某人来家做客(一般指请吃饭, 喝茶等)
have sb. over
请某人来家做客(一般指请吃饭, 喝茶等)
have sb. round
请某人来家做客(一般指请吃饭, 喝茶等)
have sb. down
请某人来家做客(常指从城市到乡下, 从北方到南方)
have sb. up
把某人请来作客(通常指从乡下到城内或从低地到高地)
[口]传唤(某人)到上级面前
[口]传讯[控告]某人
havesth. to do with
与...有关
havesth. againstsb
因某事不喜欢某人
havesth. off (= have got sth. off)
能背诵, 谙记
havesth. on one
(或one's person)随身带
havesth. about one
(或one's person)随身带
havesth. out
(请牙医, 外科医生等)把某物取出[切除]
坦率地讨论某事; 把某事讲个明白
让(某人)做完(某事)
have to
[have got to] 不得不, 只好
have to be
[美, 口]肯定是..., 毫无疑问是...
have to do with
与...有关; 与...来往
have what it takes
具备成功的必要条件
参考资料：金山词霸2006
助动词have的用法
1）have +过去分词，构成完成时态.
例如：
He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。
By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 上月未为止，他们已经完成工作的一半。
2）have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时.
例如：
I have been studying English for ten years.
我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。
3）have+been +过去分词，构成完成式被动语态.
例如：
English has been taught in China for many years.
中国教英语已经多年。
英语教师课堂用语
1 Let’s get ready for class. 准备上课。
2 I’m sorry I’m late. /Excuse me for coming late. 对不起，我迟到了。
3 Please come earlier next time. 下次请早点到。
4 Class begins. 上课。
5 Who’s on duty today?今天谁值日？
6 Is everyone here? 都到齐了吗？
7 Who’s absent today? 今天谁没来？
8 What day is today? 今天是星期几？
9 What’s the date today? 今天是几号？
10 Li Hong, have you collected all the exercise-books? 李红，作业本都收齐了吗？
11 Here are your exercise-books. Please hand them out.这是练习本，请发下去。
12 Monitor, would you please fetch some chalk for me? 班长，能帮我去拿些粉笔来吗？
13 Open your books, please. 请翻开书。
14 please turn to Page 12. 请翻开书到12页。
15 Please take out your notebooks/exercise books.请拿出笔记本/练习本。
16 No more talking, please. 请安静。
17 Attention, please.请注意。
18 Let’s have a dictation. 让我们来听写。
19 We’re going to have a new lesson today.今天我们要上新课。
20 First let’s have a revision. 首先我们复习一下。
21 Who can answer this question? 谁能回答这个问题？
22 Do you have any questions? 你们有问题吗？
24 Let me see. 让我看看/想想。
25 Put up your hands if you have any questions. 如果有问题请举手。
26 Raise your hands, please. 请举手。
27 Hands down. 把手放下。
28 Repeat after me/Follow me. 跟我读。
29 Listen to me, please. 请听我说。
30 Look at the blackboard/screen, please. 请看黑板/屏幕。
31 All eyes on me, please. 请都看着我。
32 Can you solve this problem? 能做出这道题吗？
33 Let’s read it together. Ready, go!大家齐声朗读，预备，起。
34 Read slowly and clearly. 读慢一点，清楚一点。
35 Who wants to try? 谁想试一试？
36 Who wants to do it on the blackboard? 谁愿意到黑板上来做？
37 Are you through? 做完了吗？
38 Have you finished? 做完了吗？
39 You did a very good job. 做得不错。
40 Very good./Good try./ Well done! 完成得不错。
41 Terrific!/ Wonderful! / Excellent! 很棒！
42 Please give him (her) a big hand. 请给他/她一些掌声。
43 Can you follow me? 能跟上吗？
44 Do you understand? 你听懂了吗？
45 Don’t be nervous. 不要紧张。
46 Any one can help him/ her? 谁来帮他/她一下？
47 Any volunteers? 谁自愿回答？
48 I beg your pardon? 对不起，能再说一遍吗？
49 Take it easy.请放心/别紧张。
50 Be brave / active, please. 请勇敢/主动些。
51 Who wants to try? 谁来试试？
52 Come up to the front, please. 请到前面来。
53 Go back to your seat, please. 请回座位。
54 Come on. You can do it. 来吧！你能做到的。
55 Come on, you’re almost there.来吧！你快（做/答）对了。
56 I’ll give you a clue (hint). 我给你一些提示。
57 You can do it this way. 你可以这样来做。
58 Let’s play a game. 让我们玩个游戏。
59 Are you tired? Let’s take a break.累了吗？休息一下。
60 Look up the word in the dictionary. 在字典里查这个词。
61 Take notes, please.请作笔记。
62 Are you clear ?明白了吗？
63 Is that right /correct? 那个正确吗？
64 Can you find the mistakes? 你能找出错误吗？
65 Do you know how to correct the mistakes? 你知道怎么改错吗？
66 Are you ready? 准备好了吗？
67 Can you guess it? 能猜猜吗？
68 Yes. You’re right.对，你对了。
69 I’m sorry. Can you say that again? 对不起，能再说一遍吗?
70 Take your time. 慢慢来。
71 Use your head. 动动脑筋。
72 Good idea! That makes sense. 好主意。有道理。
73 Whose turn is it? 轮到谁了？
74 Now you’re going to read one by one. 现在你们依次朗读。
75 Who’s next? 接下来是谁？
76 You’re next.接下来是你。
77 It’s your turn.轮到你了。
78 Just hands. No voices. 不要说，请举手。
79 Do it on your own.自己做。
80 From the very beginning. 从头开始。
81 Please read it to the end. 请读到结尾。
82 Stop here, please. 请停下来。
83 Hands up before you answer. 回答问题前，请举手。
84 Here’s your homework for today. 这是今天的家庭作业。
85 Hand in your homework tomorrow. 家庭作业明天交。
86 Please pass the exercise books to the front.请将练习本递到前面来。
87 Who wants to come to the front? 谁愿意到前面来？
88 Come to my office after class. 下课后到办公室找我。
89 Come and see me after class. 课后找我。
90 Watch me and I'll show you.看着我，我来演示。
91 I want all of you to answer this question. 我请大家一齐来回答这个问题。
92 That’s all for the new lesson/ revision.
keep 的用法
Keep的用法： keep vt., vi. kept, keeping 保留；保守 I keep old letters.我保存旧信。 I'll keep the original copy of your report on file. 我会把你报告的原件归档的。 It's an interesting suggestion and we'll keep it on ice." 这是一项有趣的建议,我们将留待以后考虑采用。" 保持；继续 We will keep on trying and, if we get anything done, will notify you. 我们将继续努力，有结果将通知你。 Leaders shouldn't keep themselves aloof from the masses. 领导人决不应该脱离群众。 Keep calm!安静! You shouldn't keep chopping and changing like this; you'd better make up your mind right now! "你不能再这样变化无常了,最好现在就拿定主意!" 遵守 He keeps to his promise.他守约。 "Everyone should keep discipline, and you, officers are no exception." "每个人都应该遵守纪律,你们军官也不例外。" 保卫；保护 Keep the baby warm.别把婴儿冻着。（常与from连用）防止；抑制 Keep one's temper。抑制住不发脾气。 Keep a curb on your anger.请抑制住怒气。 扣留；留下 Please keep me a place in the queue.请在队里给我留个位置。 赡养；饲养 to keep a dog养狗 Farmers usually keep chickens in their backyard. 农民们通常在自己的后院养鸡。 经营；经销；管理 to keep a shop开商店 to keep house治家 （常与from连用）远离；不接触 Keep away from the scene of the accident.勿靠近事故现场。 Their dog looked dangerous, we decided to keep our distance from it. 他们家那条狗样子很凶恶,因此我们决定离它远一点。 But the stone walls keep the farmer's cows from joining his neighbor's cows. 但是石头墙使这家农民的母牛不会加入到邻居的牛群中去。
使役动词的用法
标题句：His mother made him get a pack of sugar. 结构：使役动词的用法 所谓「使役」，就是叫人家去做事情，如： 1. 老师叫John 到办公室拿他的书 2. 爸爸叫我明天下午要洗车子 这类的动词，英文中称为「使役动词」，有make, have, let 三个。这三个动词的最大特色，也是必须注意的事项是，其后的第二个动词是用「原形动词」，不可再加to。所以前述的两个例子的英文是： 4. The teacher made/had John get his book in the office. （注：在当作「使役动词」用法中，make = have。） 5. Father makes/has me wash the car tomorrow afternoon.以上两句的使役动词均故意用不同的时态，如此可以清楚地看出其后的加黑动词仍是用「原形动词」。对于「使役动词」的用法，建议背好底下的常用句子： Let's go.（我们走吧！） 这一句不但常用，且句子很短，go 用原形动词，可突显出「使役动词+ 原形动词」的特殊用法。 容易造成混淆的其它动词：「使役动词」只有三个，特殊用法记起来就没事，但依经验显示，真正会造成学习扣分的原因，在于有些动词的对应中文意思和「使役动词」很类似，故容易和上述的「使役动词」混在一起。这些动词有want (要...；叫...) 及ask (要求...)。这两个动词后的第二个动词，并不是用原形动词，而是和其它的大多数的动词一样，是要加to 的不定词。参照底下的例句： 7. The teacher wanted John to get his book in the office. 8. Father wants me to wash the car tomorrow afternoon. 9. Mr. Wang asked them to sit there yesterday.
With的用法全解
With的用法全解 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。 下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）
2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） Without anything left in the with结构是许多英 语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 二、with结构的用法 with是介词，其意义颇多，一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪，以教材中的句子为例，进行分类，并配以简单的解释。在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 1.带着，牵着…… (表动作特征)。如： Run with the kite like this.
keep的用法
1.keep +形容词 2.keep+sth/sb +形容词 3.keep +doing 一直做某事 4.keep ... from doing ... 阻止做某事。。。 5.keep a pet 饲养一个宠物 6.How long may I keep this book ？ keep指借。 keep的用法小结 keep是高考常考词汇之一，其含义丰富，与其搭配的短语也很多，其主要用法如下： A、用作及物动词 （1）保留、保存、保持、留下 e.g. We'd better keep a seat for him. 我们最好给他留个座位。 He kept all the money in the bank. 他把所有的钱都存入了银行。 （2）履行（诺言）遵守 e.g. One should keep one's promise. 一个人应当遵守自己的诺言。 Everybody must keep the law. 人人都必须守法。 （3）赡养，养活，饲养 e.g. He has a large family to keep. 他有一大家人要养活。 The old man kept many animals like dogs, pigs and cats. 这位老人养了许多动物，像狗、猪、还有猫等。 （4）经营，管理
e.g. He kept a hotel in this city. 在这座城市里，他开了一家旅店。 She is good at keeping house. 她擅长管理家务。 （5）保守（秘密），记（日记、帐） e.g. All of the people keep the Spring Festival in our country. 我国所有的人都庆祝春节。 Some of them keep birthdays. 他们中有些人庆祝生日。 （7）使……处于某种状态（情况） 在这种情况下，keep常跟复合结构（keep＋宾语＋补语）。用作宾语补足语常见的词有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。 e.g. He kept me waiting for half an hour. 他让我等了半个小时。 Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. 少说话，多观察。 The doctor kept me in for a week. 医生一周没让我出去。 He always keeps his books in good order. 他总是把书放得整整齐齐。 B、用作不及物动词 （1）保持、继续（处于某种状态）（keep为连系动词）
最新使役动词的用法
make的用法make用作使役动词表示“使；使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。现将make的复合宾语结构小结如下： 一、“make＋宾语＋n.”意为“使、让某人/ 某物(成为)……”。 如：We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。 We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。 二、“make＋宾语＋adj.”意为“使某人/ 某事(变得)……”。如：The news that our team had won made us very happy. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。 We must make the rivers clean. 我们必须净化河水。 友情提示：当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。如：I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。 三、“make＋宾语＋do sth.（不带to的不定式）”意为“使某人做某事”。 如: The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天
干十二个小时的活。四、“make＋宾语＋V-ed（过去分词作宾补）”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为“使某人/ 某事被……”。如： The good news made us excited. 这个好消息使我们兴奋。 四、“make＋宾语＋V-ed（过去分词作宾补）”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为“使某人/ 某事被……”。如： The good news made us excited. 这个好消息使我们兴奋。 五、“make+宾语+V-ing（现在分词）”这一结构表示的意思是“使某人/ 某事一直在……”。现在分词与宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。如： He makes the boy standing all the time. 他让那个男孩一直站着。 Get的用法Get的用法很多，但在每种搭配中get的意义是不完全相同的。大多数情况下，get是及物动词，有时它也可以起到连系动词的作用。 1.get+sb(sth) 叫来某人（弄到事物）Please go and get him.去把他叫来。She got high marks in the final examination. 2. get+sb+sth / get+sth+for sb 为某人弄到事物Will you please get me a ticket for the football match?请给我弄张足球票好吗？
with用法归纳
with用法归纳 （1）“用……”表示使用工具，手段等。例如： ①We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。 ②He writes with a pencil. 他用铅笔写。 （2）“和……在一起”，表示伴随。例如： ①Can you go to a movie with me? 你能和我一起去看电影'>电影吗？ ②He often goes to the library with Jenny. 他常和詹妮一起去图书馆。 （3）“与……”。例如： I’d like to have a talk with you. 我很想和你说句话。 （4）“关于，对于”，表示一种关系或适应范围。例如： What’s wrong with your watch? 你的手表怎么了？ （5）“带有，具有”。例如： ①He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。 ②They have no money with them. 他们没带钱。 （6）“在……方面”。例如： Kate helps me with my English. 凯特帮我学英语。 （7）“随着，与……同时”。例如： With these words, he left the room. 说完这些话，他离开了房间。 [解题过程] with结构也称为with复合结构。是由with+复合宾语组成。常在句中做状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形： 1.with+名词(或代词)+现在分词 此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。 例如:1)With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语） 2)With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随情况） 2.with+名词(或代词)+过去分词 此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。
keep的用法
用作动词(v.) keep about〔around〕1( v.+adv. ) 1. 继续履行职责go on with one's duties keep about〔around〕 She is very ill, but she still keeps about. 她虽然病得很重,但仍然继续工作。 2. 使手边常有have sth always present keep sth ? about〔around〕 I like to keep a few envelopes around in case I need them.我喜欢手边常有几个信封,以应不时之需。 keep about〔around〕2 ( v.+prep. ) keep abreast of( v.+adv.+prep. ) keep after( v.+prep. ) keep aloof( v.+adv. )
keep apart( v.+adv. ) keep at( v.+prep. ) keep away( v.+adv. ) keep away from( v.+adv.+prep. ) keep back( v.+adv. ) keep behind1( v.+adv. ) keep behind2 ( v.+prep. ) keep by1( v.+adv. ) keep by2( v.+prep. ) keep down( v.+adv. ) keep for( v.+prep. ) keep from( v.+prep. ) keep going( v.+adj. ) keep in1( v.+adv. ) keep in2( v.+prep. )
使役动词have用法小议
使役动词have用法小议 浙江盘笋 使役动词have在高中英语课本中频频出现。同学们若不准确掌握它的用法，便会在使用中常常出错。现将其用法归纳如下，仅供参考。 一. have sb do sth 此结构意为“让/请某人做某事”，宾语是宾语补足语所表示动作的执行者，但宾语补足语表示的动作却发生在have动作之后，即宾语补足语所表示的动作在当时尚未发生。例如： The soldiers had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵们让这男孩背对他父亲站着。 The teacher had us hand in our homework on time. 老师让我们按时交作业。 We had Alice attend that meeting with him. 我们让艾丽斯与他一起参加了那个会议。 注意：此结构用于否定句中时，常含“不能容忍、不允许”之意。例如： I won”t have you say such things. 我可不允许你说这样的话。 We”ll never have such things happen again. 我们决不允许类似的事情再次发生。 二. have sb / sth doing sth 在have sb / sth doing sth中，doing sth为现在分词短语，在句中作宾语补足语；sb / sth与doing之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。有以下两种主要用法： 1. 多表示“让某人/某物处于做某事的状态”，此时have也可由keep来代替。例如： His parents had him staying at home all the time. 他父母亲让他一直呆在家里。
with用法小结
with用法小结 一、with表拥有某物 Mary married a man with a lot of money . 马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。 I often dream of a big house with a nice garden . 我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。 The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island . 这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。 二、with表用某种工具或手段 I cut the apple with a sharp knife . 我用一把锋利的刀削平果。 Tom drew the picture with a pencil . 汤母用铅笔画画。 三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb talk with sb quarrel with sb struggle with sb fight with sb play with sb work with sb cooperate with sb I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him . 自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了，我们从没有吵过架。 四、with 表原因或理由 John was in bed with high fever . 约翰因发烧卧床。 He jumped up with joy . 他因高兴跳起来。 Father is often excited with wine . 父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。 五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，在…身上，在…身边之意
与than有关短语的用法例析
与than有关短语的用法例析 一、more than的用法 1. “more than＋名词”表示“不仅仅是” Modern science is more than a large amount of information. 现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。 Jack is more than a teacher, he is a writer, too. 杰克不仅是一位教师，而且也是个作家。 We need more than material wealth to build our country. 建设我们国家，不仅仅需要物质财富. 2. “More than＋数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如： I have known David for more than 20 years. 我认识大卫不止20年了。 More than one person has made this suggestion. 不止一人提过这个建议. 3. “More than＋形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，如： In doing scientific experiments, every student must be more than careful with the instruments. 在做科学实验时，每个学生必须非常小心地（使用）仪器。 I tell you that I am more than glad to help you. 我告诉你：我很高兴帮助你。 4. more than + (that)从句，其基本意义是“超过（=over）”，但可译成“简直不”“远非” “难以，完全不能（其后通常连用情态动词can）”，如： That is more than I can understand. 那非我所能懂的。 That is more than I can tell. 那事我实在不明白。 The heat there was more than he could stand. 那儿的炎热程度是他所不能忍受的 5. “more than”也在一些惯用语中出现，如： More often than not, people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give. 经常，人们更关注他们所获得的，而不是他们所给予的。 All of us are more than a little concerned about the current economic problems. 我们中所有人非常关心目前的经济问题。 二、more...than 的用法 1. 比……多，比……更 He has more books than me. 他的书比我多。 He is more careful than the others. 他比其他人更仔细。 2. 与其……不如 He is more lucky than clever. 与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。 He is more (a) scholar than (a) teacher. 与其说他是位教师，不如说他是位学者。 【注意】：该句型主要用于同一个人或物在两个不同性质或特征等方面的比较，其中的比较级必须用加more 的形式，不能用加词尾-er的形式。 三、no more than 与not more than 1. no more than 的意思是“仅仅”“只有”“最多不超过”，强调少。如： This test takes no more than thirty minutes. 这个测验只要30分钟。 The pub was no more than half full. 该酒吧的上座率最多不超过五成。 For thirty years，he had done no more than he (had) needed to. 30年来，他只干了他需要干的工作。
Keep_用法
Keep 用法知多少 keep 是英语中用法灵活的动词之一，用法归纳如下： 一、用作系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”，其后常接形容词作表语。如： Please keep quiet / silent! 请保持安静！ After the accident, he still kept alive. 这次事故之后，他仍然活着。 二、用作实义动词，可表示： 1. 保管；保存；保留。如： Keep the change. 零钱不用找了。 Please keep these things for me while I am away. 在我离开期间，请你替我保管这些东西。 2. 赡养；饲养。如： Does he earn enough to keep himself and his family? 他的收入够养活他自己和他的家人吗？ I used to keep sheep in my childhood. 我在孩提时常常养羊。 3. 经营。如： Her father kept a grocer's shop for a number of years. 她父亲开了几年杂货店。 4. 坚持；继续。后面如接动词，要用V-ing 形式作宾语。如： If you keep (on) practising your spoken English, you'll soon make great progress. 如果你坚持练习英语口语，你很快就会取得很大的进步。 5. 阻止；阻碍。常用于keep sb/sth from doing sth 结构中，其中介词from 不能省略。如： The heavy rain didn't keep them from watching the football match. 大雨没能阻止他们观看足球赛。 6. 保持。其后常接复合宾语，表示使（某人或某物）保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。 ①keep + sb/sth + 介词。如：
(完整版)英语使役动词用法
英语使役动词用法 使役动词是动词重要部分，也是高考的重要考点，学习时应注意下列几点 一、了解用法基本相同之处，从宏观上认识使役动词 1、含义基本相同 大多使役动词均有使、让之意。 2、结构基本相同 使役动词后面均可接宾语和宾语补足语，宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词、不定式、现在分词和过去分词担任。大多数使役动词可用于被动语态。 二、掌握各自具体用法，从微观上熟悉使役动词 使役动词在含义和用法上均有不同之处，具体用法如下 （一）have使，让，不用于被动语态 1.have +宾语+done （1）叫、让、请别人做某事，表动作的执行者不是主语也不是宾语而是别人。 例I’ll have my bike repaired this afternoon. 今天下午我要请人修自行车。 （2）遭遇不幸事件 例He had his wallet stolen at the station. 他的钱包在火车站不幸遭窃。 2.have +宾语+do让……做某事，动作执行者为宾语 例He had her go there. 他让她去那儿。> 3.have +宾语+doing让……做某事，动作执行者为句子宾语，但动词必须为持续性动词，后面常接时间段。 例He had her standing in the rain for two hours. 他让她在雨中站了两个小时。 4.have +宾语+adj./adv./prep. 促使某一动作发生 例Please have your money ready. 请准备好钱。 （二）make 使……，有轻微强迫之意 1.make +宾语+do，迫使某人做某事，被动语态为be made to do 例The boy made the girl cry.男孩把女孩惹哭了。 2.make+宾语+adj./adv./prep./n.使……处于某种状态 例His illness made him very weak. 他的病使他很虚弱。 3.make +宾语+doing使……处于某种状态，并强调动作的主动性 例The story made him feeling sad.这个故事使他很难受。 4.make +宾语+done使处于某种状态，并强调动作的被动性 例Please speak louder to make yourself heard. 请讲大声一点以便让别人听到你。 （三）leave让，使，带走既可用于主动语态也可用于被动语态 1.leave +宾语+to do sth.让某人做某事，强调未来动作 例Leave him to do it himself. 让他自个儿去做这件事吧。 2.leave +宾语+doing让某人做某事，强调当时正在发生的动作
英语语法——rather_than用法小结
have sth. done，have sb. do , have sb./sth. doing与have sth. to do 四种 句型的区别 一、Have sth. done可表示四种不同的语法意义 （1）（主语）请/派别人完成某事。 例：①I had(=got) that door painted last week.上星期我请人把那扇门做了油漆。 ②I had(=got) my teeth filled yesterday afternoon.昨天下午我请人补了牙。（2）（主语）完成某事（可能参与）。 例：①they are going to have (=got) some threes planted.他们打算植些树。 ②we must have (=got) the work finished by Tuesday.我们必须在星期二以前完 成此项工作。 （3）（主语）遭受某种不幸的情况。 例：①I had my hat blown off.我的帽子被（风）吹掉了。 ②I had my leg broken when I got off the bus.下车时我的腿子摔断了。 (4) 用于否定句中，表示“不允许….”“不让”。 例：①I won’t have anything said against her.我不会允许有任何反对她的言论。 ②I won’t have my house turned into a hotel.不不会让我的房子变成一个旅馆。 二、have sb. do表示四种含意 （1）（主语）请/派别人完成某事。可以用“get sb. to do”结构来替换。 例：①I had him repair my bike. （=I got him to repair my bike.）我请他修理自行车。 ②Don’t forget to have him come.别忘了叫他来。 （2）表示主语无意识的行为，这时“have”作“有”解。 例：These small animals seem glad to have people visit them. （3）表示主语“经历”某事。 例：He had his mother die.他遭丧母。 （4）在否定句中作“容忍”“允许”解。 例：I won’t have you say such things about her.我不允许你说她这样的话。 三、have sb./sth. doing 表示两种含意或者说一种含意。 （1）在肯定句中常表示“让某人做某事”，“让某情况发生”之意，含有动作正在进行之意。 例：①he soon had them all laughing. 他很快让他们都笑了起来。 ②I have a car waiting for me. 我让一部车在等我。 （2）在否定结构中，表示“不能让”，“不允许”。 例：we can’t have that sort of thing happening.我们不能让那类事情发生。 四、have sth. to do表示“有某事要完成”，其中不定式作定语，且其有主动与被动二种形式需要区别使用。 （1）如果不定式的动作由主语来完成需其用主动形式。 例：①I have some letters to write.我有几封信要写。 ②He have a large family to support.他有一大家人要养活。 （2）如果不定式的动作不是由主语来完成需用其被动形式。 例：“Do you have any clothes to be washed today?”the servant asked.佣人问道：“你今天有没有衣服要（我）洗？”
中考英语keep用法归纳
Keep用法归纳 在人教版初中英语教材中，keep是要求学生必须掌握的四会词之一，现将其多见用法归纳小结如下，以利于大家正确地使用该词。 一、用作及物动词 1.意为“保存；保留；保持；保守“。如： Could you keep these letters for me, please?你能替我保存这些信吗？ I“ll keep a seat for you.我给你留个座位。 It can help to keep vegetables, fruit and meat for a long time in hot summer.在炎夏的夏天，它有助于蔬菜、水果和肉类长时间保鲜。 Can you keep a secret?你能保守秘密吗？ 2.意为“照顾；养活“等。如： She kept her sister for a week while her sister was ill.她妹妹有病时，她照看她了一个星期。 I have a family to keep.我得养活一家人。 3.意为“留下；不必还“。如： You can keep the pen if you like it.你要是喜欢就把钢笔留下吧。 Keep the change.不用找零钱了。 4.意为“遵守；维护“。如： Everyone must keep the rules.人人必须遵守规章制度。 The teacher is keeping order in class.老师正在课堂上维持秩序。 5.意为“售；卖“。如： The shop keeps everything you need.那家商店里出售的东西应有尽有。
大使役动词的用法
授课内容 六大高考英语使役动词用法 一、have“使，让”，不用于被动语态。 1．have +宾语+do“让……做某事”，动作执行者为宾语。? He had the boy say it clearly. 2．have +宾语+doing“让……做某事”，动作执行者为句子宾语，但动词必须为持续性动词，后面常接时间段。 He had her standing in the rain for two hours. 3．have +宾语+done 1)“叫、让、请别人做某事”，表动作的执行者不是主语也不是宾语而是别人。或“遭遇不幸事情”。 I’ll have my bike repaired this afternoon. You’d better have your bad tooth pulled out. He had his wallet stolen at the station. 4．have +宾语+adj./adv./prep.“使…处于某种状态”。 Please have your money ready. 二、make “使……”，有轻微强迫之意。 1．make +宾语+do，“迫使某人做某事”，被动语态为be made to do。 The boy made the girl cry. The workers were made to work late at night. 2．make +宾语+doing“使……处于某种状态”，并强调动作的主动性。? The story made him feeling sad. 3．make +宾语+done“使处于某种状态”，并强调动作的被动性。? Please speak louder to make yourself heard. 4．make+宾语+adj./adv./prep./n.“使……处于某种状态”。? His illness made him very weak. 三、Let“使，让?” 1．let +宾语+do“让……做”，被动语态为be let （to） do?。 Let’s go there, shall we? They won’t let their teacher be treated like that. 四、get“使，让” 1．get +宾语+to do “让……做某事”，强调未来性动作。? He got his brother to help him.
With复合结构的用法小结
With复合结构的用法小结 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二 部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例： 1、She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语） 2、With the meal over ，we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。）The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词+不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）Without anything left in the cupboard，shewent out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语） 二、with结构的用法 在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如： 1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs. 2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water. 3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house. 三、with结构的特点 1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系，而在逻辑上，却具有主谓关系，也就是说，可以用第一部分作主语，第二部分作谓语，构成一个句子。例如：With him taken care of，we felt quite relieved.（欣慰）→（He was taken good care of.）She fell asleep with the light burning. →（The light was burning.）With her hair gone，there could be no use for them. →（Her hair was gone.） 2. 在with结构中，第一部分为人称代词时，则该用宾格代词。例如：He could not finish it without me to help him. 四、几点说明： 1. with结构在句子中的位置：with 结构在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在
比较级than的用法
比较级:使用than的常见语法难点 一、后接人称代词用主格还是宾格 由于than既可用作连词也可用作介词，所以当后接人称代词时，可用主格也可用宾格。通常认为在正式文体中多用主格，在口语或非正式文体中多用宾语。如： Everyone here is taller than I [me]. 这儿的每一个人都比我高。 Her sister swims faster than she [her]. 她姐姐游泳比她快。 但是，若人称代词之后跟有动词，则只能用主格。如： Everyone here is taller than I am. 这儿的每一个人都比我高。 Her sister swims faster than she does. 她姐姐游泳比她快。 注意：有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化。比较： I love you more than he (likes you). 我比他更爱你。 I love you more than (he likes) him. 我爱你胜过爱他。 二、后接动词用不定式还是动名词 1. 当连接两个非谓语动词时，通常应使用一样的形式。如： It is much easier to get into debt than to get out of it. 借债容易还债难。 He likes playing chess more than watching TV. 与看电视相比，他更喜欢下棋。 比较： He thinks it is safer to drive himself than (to) let me drive. =He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive. 他认为他自己开车比让我开车要更安全些。 2. 若不是连接两个非谓语动词，则其后出现的动词通常用动名词形式(虽然也可用不定式，但不如用动名词普通)。如： There are worse calamities than failing your driving test. 比起你驾驶考试不合格来说，更大的灾难还多着呢。 Nothing gives me more pleasure than listening to Mozart. 再没有比听莫扎特的乐曲更让我高兴的事了。 Nothing is more unpleasant than finding [to find] insects in your bath. 最使人不快的是在浴室里发现有虫子。 三、引导比较状语从句的时态问题