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一、必备词汇〔35个〕

either[?a?e?(r)]a.两方任一方的；二者之一conj.二者之一；要么……

ad.[?d](用于否定句或短语后)也

elder[?eld?(r)]n.长者；前辈

elect[??lekt]vt.〔投票〕选举

electric[??lektr?k]a.电的

electrical[??lektr?k(?)l]a.电的；电器的

electricity[?lek?tr?s?t?]n.电；电流

electronic[?lek?tr?n?k]a.电子的

elegant[?el?ɡ?nt]a.文雅的,漂亮的,精美的

elephant[?el?f?nt]n.象

eleven[??lev(?)n]num.十一

else[els]ad.别的，其他的

e-mail/e[i?-me?l]]n.电子邮件

embarrass[?m?b?r?s]v.使窘迫，尴尬

embassy[?emb?s?]n.大使馆

emergency[??m??d??ns?]n.紧急情况或状态

emperor[?emp?r?(r)]n.皇帝

empire[?empa??(r)]n.帝国

employ[?m?pl??]vt.雇佣

empty[?empt?]a.空的

encourage[?n?k?r?d?]vt.鼓励

encouragement[?n?k?r?d?m?nt]n.鼓励

end[end]n.末尾；终点；结束v.结束，终止

ending[?end??]n.结局；结尾，最后

endless[?endl?s]a.无止境的；没完的

enemy[?en?m?]n.敌人；敌军

energetic[en??d?et?k]a.精力旺盛的

energ[?en?d??]yn.精力，能量

engine[?end??n]n.发动机，引擎

engineer[end???n??(r)]n.工程师；技师

England*[???ɡl?nd]n.英格兰

English[???ɡl??]a.英国的，英国人的，英语的n.英语

English-speaking[???ɡl??-spi?k]a.说英语的

enjoy[?n?d???]vt.欣赏；享受乐趣；喜欢

enjoyable[?n?d????b(?)l]a.愉快的；有趣的

二、必备短语〔5个〕

1、very;right;just

三者都含有“正好；就是”之意，?very是形容词，用来修饰名词，位于the,this，my等限定词后；?right和just作副词，用来修饰谓语〔常为动词be〕或作状语的介词短语等，须放在the,this，my等限定词之前。如：Attheverybeginningofthisterm,theytookanexam、就在学期开始的时候，他们举行了一次考试。

HeisjusttheactorIwant、他正是我所想要的演员。ThepolicelookedatthethiefrightintheeyE、警察目不转睛地盯着小偷。

2、wash／washaway?

wash表示“洗〔手、衣服等〕”，既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词；?washaway 表示“冲走”、“冲垮”、“洗掉”，作及物动词短语用。

[EXERCISES]

①ThefloodsomeofthehousesinthevillagE、②Hehisfaceandhands，thenwentdownstairs、③Youmustbeforedinner、〔Keys:①washedaway②washed ③wash〕

3、wear；haveon；puton；dress；〔be〕in＋颜色〔服装、眼镜等〕

?wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜〔手套、首饰、帽〕等，以强调“穿〔戴〕着”的状态。例如：

MrWualwayswearsabluecoatinwinter、吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣。

?haveon作“穿〔戴〕着”解，同wear一样，也表状态，但不用于进行时态。例如：

XiaoWanghasonawhiteshirttoday、〔＝XiaoWangiswearingawhiteshirttoday、〕小王今天穿着一件白衬衫。

?puton着重强调“穿〔戴〕上”的动作。例如：IliketoputonmyhatwhenIgooutinwinter、冬天，我喜欢外出时戴上帽子。

?dress既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等物。例如：

1〕Hermotherisdressingher、她母亲正在给她穿衣服。

2〕ThenursesaredressedinwhitE、护士穿着白衣服。

?“〔be〕in＋颜色或服装、眼镜等”也表示“穿着”的状态，在句中作表语或定语。例如：

Heisinuniformtoday、他今天穿着制服。

三、预测练习——阅读理解Holdingacellphoneagainstyourearorstoringitinyourpocketmaybedangeroust oyourhealth.Thisexplainsawarningthatcellphonemanufacturersincludeinth esmallprintthatisoftenignoredwhenanewphoneispurchased.Apple,forexampl e,doesn’twantiPhonestocomeclosertoyouthan1.5centimeters;ResearchInMotion,Blac kBerry’smanufacturer,recommends2.5centimeters. Ifhealthissuesarisefromcellphoneuse,thepossibleeffectsarehuge.Voiceca lls-Americanschatoncellphones2.26trillion(万亿)minutesannually-earn$109billionforthewirelesscarriers.

DevraDavis,anexpertwhohasworkedfortheUniversityofPittsburgh,haspublis hedabookaboutcellphoneradiation,“Disconnect.”Thebooksurveysscientificresearchandconcludesthequestionisnotsettled. BraincancerisaconcernthatMs.Davisexamines.Overall,therehasnotbeenanin creaseinitsincidencesincecellphonesarrived.Buttheaveragemasksanincrea seinbraincancerinthe20-to-29agegroupandadropfortheolderpopulation. “Mostcancershavemultiplecauses,”shesays,butshepointstolaboratoryresearchthatsuggestslow-energyradiati oncoulddamagecellsthatcouldpossiblyleadtocancer. Childrenaremorevulnerable〔易受伤的〕toradiationthanadults,Ms.Davisandotherscientistspointout.Radiationtha tpenetratesonlyfivecentimetersintothebrainofanadultwillreachmuchdeepe rintothebrainsofchildrenbecausetheirskullsarethinnerandtheirbrainscon tainmoreabsorptivefluid〔易吸收的液体〕.Nostudieshaveyetbeencompletedoncellphoneradiationandchildren,she says.

HenryLai,aresearchprofessorinthebioengineeringdepartmentattheUniversi tyofWashington,beganlaboratoryradiationstudiesin1980andfoundthatratse xposedtoradiationhaddamagedDNAintheirbrains.

Ms.Davisrecommendsusingwiredheadsetsorthephone’sspeaker.Childrenshouldtextratherthancall,shesaid,andpregnantwomensho uldkeepphonesawayfromtheabdomen〔腹部〕.

66.Whyisthewarninginthesmallprint?

A.Theydon’twanttheuserstopayattentiontoit.

B.Thereisnotenoughspaceforthewarning.

C.Theythinkpeoplewillnotcareaboutit.

D.Thewarningisnotimportantatall.

67.AccordingtoMsDavis,braincancerincrease____.

A.amongchildren

B.amongoldpeople

C.inthetwenties

D.amongpregnantwomen

68.Whydochildreneasilybeaffectedbyradiation?

A.Becausetheyhaven’tgrownup.

B.Becausetheyaretooyoungtoprotectthemselves.

C.Becausetheyusecellphonesmoreoftenthanadults.

D.Becausetheirskullsarethinnerandtheirbrainsareeasilyhurt.

69.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?

A.Pregnantwomenshouldkeepcellphonesaway.

B.Peopleshouldusecellphonesinthecorrectway.

C.Ifyouareachild,you’dbettertextthanmakephonecalls.

D.Whenyouuseacellphone,useawiredheadsetorthephone’sspeaker.

70.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Becarefulwhenusingcellphones.

B.Don’tholdyourcellphoneagainstyourear.

C.RatsexposedtoradiationhavedamagedDNAintheirbrains.

D.Low-energyradiationcoulddamagecellsthatcouldleadtocancer.

语篇解读：使用手机会带来辐射的负影响，因此需要正确使用手机。

66.A.细节理解题。根据第一段“Thisexplainsawarningthatcellphonemanufacturersincludeinthesmallprin tthatisoftenignoredwhenanewphoneispurchased.”可推断厂商不想让顾客注意到它而将警示语印得极小，应选A项。

67.C.细节理解题。根据第四段“Buttheaveragemasksanincreaseinbraincancerinthe20-to-29agegroupandad ropfortheolderpopulation”可脑癌主要发生在20多岁的时候，应选C项。68.D.细节理解题。根据“Radiationthatpenetratesonlyfivecentimetersintothebrainofanadultwill reachmuchdeeperintothebrainsofchildrenbecausetheirskullsarethinnerand theirbrainscontainmoreabsorptivefluid〔易吸收的液体〕”可知，小孩更容易受辐射的影响是因为他们的头骨更薄，大脑更容易受伤，应选D项。

69.B.推理判断题。最后一段“Ms.Davisrecommendsusingwiredheadsetsorthephone’sspeaker.Childrenshouldtextratherthancall,shesaid,andpregnantwomensho uldkeepphonesawayfromtheabdomen”所讲述的都是一些正确使用手机以防止辐射的影响的方法，由此判断选B项。

70.A.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍使用手机的负作用，最后警示人们要正确使用手机。因此A项更能说明全文的主旨，而其它三项只是文中的细节内容，应选A 项。

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2019-2020年中考英语阅读理解训练：12

2019-2020年中考英语阅读理解训练：12 阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 Hello, everyone. A problem with teenagers’　safety becomes serious because the school violence (暴力) happens more often in some areas. We are planning to build an organization named School Watch to make sure that students have a safe environment. Please be part of our plan! What is School Watch? School Watch is a volunteer project in our school. It helps us stop violence and improve the quality of school life. It will keep yourself and your schoolmates safe. The other members of School Watch care for you and your classroom and you do the same for them. Is it for everyone? Anybody can become a member of School Watch because everyone has something to offer. What else can it do? School Watch makes it possible for us not only to help each other but also to make friends with each other. Some members may offer to help schoolmates who have problems with their homework. Who is the Best School Watcher? Our school will look for the Best School Watcher and give him or her lots of prizes. You could be the one! How do you start? To be part of this plan, the only thing you need to do is to talk to the director of the plan in your grade. You can check the official website at www. schoolwatch. com if you want to get more information. 31. School Watch can help its members _________. A. save the environment B. organize sports activities C. improve the quality of school life D. go on school trips 32. Anyone can become a member of School Watch because _________.

2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题1阅读理解考点4词义猜测题即时巩固2018121627

词义猜测题 A (2018·北京，D) Preparing Cities for Robot Cars The possibility of self－driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream，years away from materializing in the real world. Well，the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self－driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self－driving cars，and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California，it should be noted，isn’t leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes，the techno－logy has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities，for better or for worse，depending on how the transformation is regulated. While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so)，policymakers also should be talking about how self－driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams，cut emissions(排放)and offer more convenient，affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared. Do we want to copy—or even worsen—the traffic of today with driverless cars？Imagine a future where most adults own individual self－driving vehicles. They tolerate long，slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work，entertain themselves or sleep on the ride，which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning，they send the self－driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport—an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride－hailing(叫车)services. A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol －powered private cars worldwide with electric，self－driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of