不定代词用法及练习

不定代词的用法

不定代词包括：复合不定代词和兼作形容词的不定代词

1.复合不定代词：

-body, -one, -thing; some-, any-, every-,no-

Some-: someone, somebody, something.

Any-: anyone, anybody, anything.

Every-: everyone,everybody, everything.

No-: no one, none, nobody, nothing.

例子：

(1)something和somebody可以表示某人，有人

I need someone/somebody to help me

Has anyone/anybody ever heard of such a thing?

(2)Anybody和anyone在否定句及疑问句中用上,也可表示肯定句中的任何人。

I didn’t know anyone/anybody at the party.

Anyone can see through you.

She felt that she could do it better than anyone else.

(3)everyone与everybody表示每个人，与not连用表示部分否定，

Everyone/Everybody present laughed, including me.

Not everyone/everybody can work out this problem

Everyone/Everybody can’t be good at painting

Every one 与everyone

Everyone指的是每个人，不指物后面不能加of 短语

Every one 可指人和物，后面可以跟of短语

Is everyone here today?

His books are wonderful. I have read every one of them.

(4)something与anything

共同点：都可以表示某物，某事

Something用于肯定句中，anything用于在疑问句中

Anything，用于在肯定句中表示任何事物，在否定句中任何事物都没有

They saw something in the sky.

Is there anything special you want to do or see in Bejing？

You can buy anything you want

So I don’t eat anything that’s been cooked in oil.

(5)everything 与nothing

Peter loves dreaming about everythig.

Alice had nothing to do.

PS:

不定代词后面加形容词：

Do you have anything interesting to tell us?

I have nothing important to deal with now.

(6)nodody 与no one

Nobody/ No one knows the secret

I have no one/nobody to talk to.

PS:

Somebody 与nobody作名词表示：是个人物，无名小卒，小人物

I was nothing and nobody with everything to prove.

He is somedody in the city.

all, another, any, both, each, either, few, little, many, much, neither, other, some.

2兼作形容词的不定代词;

(1)Some 与any

Some修饰可数名词复数与不可数名词，表示一些，在肯定句中

Any在于否定句，疑问句和条件句之中。

Some of these singers were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers. There aren’t any astronauts in the spacecraft.

Are there any good museums in the city?

PS:

在wolud开头的请求疑问句中用some

Would you like some coffee?

Any在肯定句中表示任何一个，任何一些

You can buy this book at any

在否定句中not any 表示no

You can buy this book at any bookstore in our city.

There aren’t any buses after midnight.

There are no buses after midnight.

Some表示某个，修饰单数可数名词。

Some person is asking to see you.

PS：Many与much的区别

Many修饰或指代可数名词的复数

Much修饰或者指代不可数名词

Much/many+of+限定词(the或者形容词性物主代词)+名词/代词：

不定代词+（of + 限定词）+ 名词/代词，表示......中的很多

English can help us understand many books and movies.

You are afraid of too much homework.

How many of you have worked out this problem?

Much of her money was spent on clothes.

few, a few；little, a little

Few是many的反义词，表示很少，具有否定意义；

a few 表示“一些，几个”，具有肯定意义，二者用来修饰或者指代可数名词的复数

little是much的反义词，表示很少，具有否定意义；

a little表示少许，具有肯定意义，二者用来指代和修饰不可数名词。

There were few people living there.

It’s polite to take a few flowers as a gift.

There is little time left.

She can speak a little Chinese.

PS:

only a few意思为“仅几个”；Only a little意思为“仅一点儿”

Not a few表示“不少”；not a little意思为“很多”

Only a few kilometers.

I can speak only a little English.

I have made not a few good friends here.

I am sorry to give you not a little trouble.

A little 与a bit都可以指代不可数名词

a little 后面直接加名词，a bit+of+名词

not a little十分，非常

not a bit 一点也不

He is not a little angry.他非常生气

He is not a bit angry.他一点也不生气

(3)all each 与every none

【1】All作代词时，修饰或指代可数名词复数，指三者或三者以上的人或事。

修饰或指代不可数名词，指“一切”

All are here. So let’s get started.

I brought all of them.

She had read them all.

He called up all his friends and told them about the problems.

He has run out of all the money.

PS:作否定时,部分否定，表示并非所有的

Not all of us agreed to the plan.

All of us do not agree to the plan.(我们并非都同意这个计划)

None of us agree to the plan.

【2】each可作主语，宾语，定语，同位语；

后加of的时候若作主语，后面谓语动词用单数

Each of the answers is right.

We each have our own car.=Each of us has our own car.

【3】every 从整体的角度说明，用于三者或者三者以上的场合，只能作定语，修饰可数名词单数，在every+名词中，谓语动词用单数。

Every student in the class likes English.

【4】none 只起指代作用，作主语，宾语，表语，意思是“没有一点儿”

None可以与of连用，作主语时。若指代可数名词，则谓语单复数皆可；

若指代不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数。

None have/has arrived.

None of them speak(s) English.

PS: no one 指的人，不加of

None 既可以指人也可以指的物，既可指代可数名词，也可指代不可数名词

no one是对who 的回答

none是对how many，how much的回答

eg: Who told you the news?

No one.

How much money have you got on you?

None.

How many student have signed to join the club?

None

(4)both either 与neither

Both 表示两者都，修饰或者指代可数名词的复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数Either表示两者中的一个，neither表示”两者都不”，做主语时，谓语动词用单数。Both of us want to go

Both her children go to the same school.

Either of you could do it.

I think either method will work.

Did you see Peter and Mike?

No, I saw neither of them.

Neither answer is correct.

PS：both表示否定的时候是部分否定，“两者并不都”

Both my parents are not for my plan. 我父母并不都支持我的计划。

Not both my parents are for my plan. 我父母并不都支持我的计划。

Neither my parents is for my plan. 我父母都不支持我的计划。

Both作同位语在实义动词之前，在系动词，be动词和情态动词之后。

We both went to the cinema last night.

Are your parents both teachers.

Yes. They both are.

The couple have both lived here for years.

Either 与neither

If you don’t go, I won’t, either.(neither will I)

You could borrow some money from your brother.

No, he doesn’t have any money, either.

(5)another, other(s),the other(s)

Another 表示另一个，指代或者修饰可数名词的单数，

Another后有few或者是大于一的基数词的时候，可以接可数名词的复数。

I can’t go to the party, maybe another time.

I don’t like this one, please show me another.

You had better stay at hospital for another few days.

He will be back in another ten days.

Other 泛指其他的，不能单独用，只能修饰名词

Others=other+可数名词复数，泛指另一些，与some一起连用。

Give me some other examples

Some boys are playing football, and others are playing baskerball.

The other 指的是两者中的另一个，部分可以单独用，也可以后面接到名词

The others=the other+可数名词的复数“一定范围内其余的人或者是物”

He has two sons, one is a doctor,and the other is a soldier.

On the other side of the street, there is a supermarket.

I have got ten pencils. Two of them are red, the others are blue.

(6)one的用法

不定代词one既可以指人也可以指代物，只能单独使用。

复数形式用ones，所有格为one’s, 反身代词用oneself。

&one只能代替前面已经出现过的可数名词单数，为避免重复

复数ones代替可数名词的复数，泛指某些人，某些物。

His pen was broken, so she needed a new one.

I want larger ones, not small ones.

&one 或者ones前面有the, this, that, these，those等时，特指某些人，某些物。

Which woman ?

The one in the red coat.

The woolen ones are hanging there.

t

.几组常用不定代词的区别：

1.代词比较one，that 和it

one表示泛指，指名称相同的另一物，或所提到的人或物中的一个。that和it 表示特指。that 与所指名词为同类，但不是同一个，而it 与所指名词为同一个。

I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one.

The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.

I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.

1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别的”。

Where are his other books?

I haven't any other books except this one.

2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ..., the other ...”句型。

He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.

She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other.

3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ...., others ...”句型。

Some went to the cinema, others went swimming.

This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.

4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。

We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock.

In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.

5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one.

You can see another ship in the sea, can't you?

Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one?

6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。

I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another.

5. every 和each的用法

1)every 强调全体的概念，each强调个体概念。

Every student in our school works hard.

Each student may have one book..

2)every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)。

3)every不可以作状语，each可作状语。

4)every 有反复重复的意思，如every two weeks等；each没有。

5)every 与not 连用，表示部分否定；each 和not连用表示全部否定。

Every man is not honest.

Each man is not honest.

6. all和both的用法。

1）all和both都表示整体，但all 都，指三者以上。both都，指两者。在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语。

All of us like Mr. Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语）

= We all like Mr. Pope. (作同位语)

All the water has been used up. (作主语)

That's all for today. (作表语)

Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作宾语)

All the leaders are here./All knowledge comes from practice. (作定语)

2）both 和all 加否定词是部分否定。如果表示全部否定，要分别用neither和none。

Both of us are not good at singing.

Neither of us is good at singing.

All of the teachers are not foreigners.

None of the teachers are foreigners. .

注意：all与none用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。

All of the students are there.

All (of) the milk is there.

7. neither 与nor的用法

1)如前句是否定式从句，则主句用neither，而不用nor。

If you don't do it，neither should I.如果你不干，我也不干。

2) 如后连续有几个否定句式，则用nor，不用neither。

He can't sing，nor dance，nor skate.

8.neither和either的用法

1）neither 表示“两者都不”，neither…nor…意为“既不…又不…”。

either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，either…or…意为“或是……，或是……”

Neither of the answer is right.

I have neither time nor money to take a trip.

Eithe r sentence is right.

You can either go or stay.

9. many, much的用法

Many，much都意为"许多"，many + 可数名词，much + 不可数名词。

How many people are there at the meeting?

Many of the workers were at the meeting.

10 . anyone/any one；no one/none的用法

1) anyone 和any one

anyone仅指人，any one既可指人，也可指物。

2) no one 和none

a) none 后跟of短语，既可指人又可指物，而no one只单独使用，只指人。

b) none 作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可，而no one作主语谓语动词只能是单数。

None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它。

---- Did any one call me up just now?--刚才有人打电话给我吗?

---- No one.--没有。

11、代词it的用法：

1）指代前面提到过的事物。如：

Of course , I love junk food too, but I try to eat it only once a week.

2)用来代替指示代词this 或that。如：

---What’s this?

---It’s a pencil.

3）指婴儿或不明身份的人。如：

Someone is knocking at the door, please go and see who it is.

4）指时间和季节。如：

---What’s the time now?

---It’s ten o’clock.

5)表天气。如：

---What’s the weather like today?

---It’s sunny.

6)表距离。如：

How far is it from your home to your school？

7）用作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：

a. It is adj.+(for sb ) to do sth. 如：

It is important for us to work hard.

b. It’s time to do /for /that…如：

It’s time to get up/ for lunch/f that we went home.

c. It seems that …

It seems that he is quite happy.

d. It’s one’s turn to do …

It’s your turn to answer my question.

e. It’s + adj. +that…如：

It’s necessary that you should be present at the meeting.

8）作形式宾语。如：

Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line?

9)引导强调句型“It is /was + 被强调部分+ that / who + 其他成分”。如：

It was yesterday that we went to see a film.

巩固练习：

Ⅰ. Choose the best answer

( ) 1. This is a very old song, so ______ young people know it.

A: few B: little c: a few D: a little

( ) 2. The two fishermen saw ______ in the sky while they were fishing by a river.

A: something strange B: anything strange C: strange something D: strange anything ( ) 3. There aren’t many oranges here, but you can take ______ if you want to.

A: few B: a few C: a little D: little

( ) 4. There are twenty teachers in this grade. Eight of them are women teachers and ______ are men teachers.

A: the other B: the others C: others D: other

( ) 5. My sports shoes are too small. I want to buy ______ pair.

A: the others B: the other C: other D: another

( ) 6. I didn’t like the cross talk. ______ of the actors was funny.

A: Both B: All C: Neither D: Either

( ) 7. ______ of us has read the story.

A: Some B: Both C: All D: None

( ) 8. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running, some like swimming, ______ like ball games.

A: the others B: others C: the other D: other

( ) 9. There are many high-rises on ______ side of Huaihai Road. What a magnificent view!

A: either B: neither C: both D: all

( ) 10. Shanghai Waihuan tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us ______ time to go to Pudong International Airport.

A: a few B: fewer C: a little D: less

( ) 11. Not long ago, our country set up a rocket with two small satellites into space. One weighed 204 kilos and ______ 25 kilos.

A: another B: other C: others D: the other\

( ) 12. In order to keep healthy, you should eat ______ fast food, ______ fresh vegetables and take enough exercise.

A: fewer; fewer B: less; more C: fewer; more D: less; less

( ) 13. Liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. ______ of them have set a good

example to us.

A: All B: Neither C: Both D: None

( ) 14. Mr. Smith is quite busy today. He has ______ meetings to attend.

A: little B: a little C: few D: a few

( ). 15. Obey the traffic rules and learn to protect yourself. ______ is more important than life.

A: Nothing B: Something C: Everything D: Anything

( ) 16. Can we do our work better with ______ money and ______ people?

A: less, few B: less, fewer C: little;, less D: few, less

( ) 17. He has two flats in London. However, ______ is new.

A: both B: neither C: all D: none

( ) 18. There is ______ with your watch. It gets slower every day.

A: nothing wrong B: something wrong C: wrong something D: wrong nothing ( ) 19. It seems that he has got ______ to show us. Let’s go and enjoy it.

A: something interesting B: interesting something

C: nothing something D: interesting nothing

( ) 20. ______ of your answer is right. Please try a third time.

A: Neither B: None C: Either D: Both

( ) 21. ______ Kathy ______ Alice ______ at home last Sunday.

A: Neither, nor, were B: Both, and, was

C: Either, or, was D: Not only, but also, were

( ) 22. ______ of the winners has been awarded a prize.

A: Every B: everyone C: Each D: Both

( ) 23. There is ______ ink in my pen. Would you give me ______?

A: little, a little B: a little, little C: few, a few C: a few, few

( ) 24. The days in winter are shorter than ______ in summer.

A: those B: that C: these D: them

( ) 25. They don’t go to Europe for holiday, _______.

A: neither will we B: neither do we C: so will we D: so we will

( ) 26. It must be your first time to meet each other. Let me do the introduction.

______ is Mr. Smith.

A: He B: There C: This D: That

( ) 27. I’m hungry. I want ______ to eat. ______ can do.

A: something, Something B: anything, Anything

C: something, Anything D: anything, Something

( ) 28. ______ of us likes this song in our class.

A: None B: No one C: All D: Both

( ) 29. I have a sister and two brothers. ______ of them are now in Japan.

A: Both B: Everyone C: Either D: All

( )30. Is there any water in the bottle? No, ______.

A: none B: nothing C: not many D: quite a few

( ) 31. Her work is better than ______ in our class.

A: anyone B: anyone’s C: anyone’s else D: anyone else’s

( ) 32. Which do you prefer, the red one or the green one?

______.

A: None B: Any C: Either D: Every

( ) 33. ______ is interested in such a silly play.

A: No one B: None of us C: All of us D: We all

Ⅱ. Rewrite the sentences as required

1.Both Tom and Tim are good at sports. （改为否定句）

_ ___ Tom _____ Tim _____ good at sports.

2.This problem is so difficult that nobody can work it out. （保持原意）

This problem is ___ _ difficult for __ ____ to work out.

3.All of them are teachers. （改为否定句）

___ ___ of them ______ a teacher.

4.This answer is wrong. That answer is also wrong. （保持句意）

__ ___ this answer ___ ___ that one is right.

三、用some，any，no，every与thing，one，body构成的复合不定代词填空。

1. Don’t worry. There is ____ wrong with you.

2. If you don’t tell ____ about it, ___ will know.

3.—Can you hear ____?

—Yes, but I can’t see ___.

4. Please get ___ ready at once. We’ll go at nine o’clock.

5. Would you like ___ to eat?

6. Is there ____ here? I want some help.

7. Listen! ____ is coming.

8.___ was interested in the game.

历年中考真题回顾：

1. –Wow! You’ve got so many clothes.

--But _____ of them are in fashion now.

A. all

B. both

C. neither

D. none

2. Charles was alone at home, with_____ looking after him.

A. someone

B. Anyone

C. not one

D. no one

3. Jane was asked a lot of questions, but she didn’t answer ________ of them.

A other

B any

C none

D some

4. The CDs are on sale! Buy one and you get_____ completely free.

A. other

B. Others

C. One

D. ones

5. Over the past 20 years, the Internet helped change our world in ____way or another for the better.

A. any

B. One

C. every

D. either

6. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.

A. everything B: anything C. something D. nothing

7. ----The exam was difficult, wasn’t it?

---No, but I don’t think ______ could pass it.

A. somebody

B. anybody

C. nobody D everybody

8．There is _____________ with your car.

A. nothing seriously wrong

B. seriously wrong nothing

C. nothing wrong seriously

D. wrong seriously nothing

9．He asked me if there was _____________ to read.

A. easy enough something

B. enough easy something

C. something easy enough

D. something enough easy

10. —Is ________ here? —No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.

A. Anybody

B. somebody

C. everybody

D. nobody

11. —One week’s time has been wasted.

—I can’t believe we did all that work for ________.

A. something

B. nothing

C. Everything

D. anything

Wise men in history

1. wise 明智的聪明的

2 golden 金色的金的珍贵的

3 weigh 称重量重达

4 completely 完全地完整地

5 doubt 怀疑doubtful 怀疑的

No doubt

Without doubt 无疑的确实的

6 Displace 使某人离开原位取代

Truth 真相信实情

7 Solve解决

8 straight

9 mistake

10 agreement 协议合约

11 certain 确信肯定

12 wonder感到好奇奇迹

1 反义疑问句

Spiders are friends of human beings，aren’t they?

He goes to school by bike , doesn’t he?

They work hard,don’t they?

He didn’t like reading newspaper, did he ?

He is a student, isn’t he ?

You are a doctor, aren’t you ?

He likes basketball, doesn’t he ?

He hurt himself in the football match,didn’t he ?

He can’t swim, can he ？

You will have a holiday, won’t you ?

They have ever been to shanghai, haven’t they?

They will go to the town, won’t they?

He called you last night, didn’t he ?

There