人教版新目标英语八年级上册 Unit 8 单元语法小专题

人教版新目标英语八年级上册 Unit 8 单元语法小专题
人教版新目标英语八年级上册 Unit 8 单元语法小专题

单元语法小专题Grammar Focus

语法精讲

一、祈使句的运用

祈使句是表示命令、请求别人做某事或征求对方意见的句子。祈使句很大一部分直接用动词原形开头,成了典型的“无主句”。如:

Come to school earlier next time.下次早点来学校。

Li Ping, answer the question, please.李萍,请回答这个问题。

祈使句一般在运用中,常可在句首或句尾加上“please”,please意为“请”,放在句尾时一般用“,”与前面的句子隔开,祈使句通常又可分为下面几种类型:

1.肯定祈使句,一般将动词原形放在句子开头。如:

Stand up, please.起立。

Be more careful next time.下次仔细点。

2.否定祈使句,一般在肯定祈使句前加上don’t构成,表示“不要……”之意。如:

Lucy,don’t watch TV any more.露西,不要再看电视了。

Please don’t do it like that!请不要再像那样做了!

3.以“let”开头的祈使句,let意为“让”,一般句子结构为“let sb. do sth.”。如:

Let us go out for a walk, Mr.Wu.吴先生,我们去外面散步吧。

Let your father come to visit me this afternoon.让你爸爸今天下午来见我。

二、可数名词与不可数名词

普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词可以用具体的数词来修饰,也可以用“数词+计量名词+of+可数名词的复数形式”来表示。如:three apples三个苹果;two bags of watermelons两袋西瓜。不可数名词没有复数形式,表示量时用“数词+计量名词+of+不可数名词”结构。如:a cup of milk一杯牛奶。

可数名词的量可以用how many提问;不可数名词的量可以用how much提问。

some, any, a lot of, lots of等既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词。

语法精练

Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.________ (open)the door, please!

2.________(not make)any noise in class!

3.How many _________(tomato)do we need?

4.How much __________(water)is there in the bottle?

5.Let him __________(go), please.

6. There is a lot of _______ (water) in the bottle.

7. The ______ (child) are playing games on the playground now.

8. Can you give me two bottles of _______(orange), please.

Ⅱ.句型转换,每空一词。

9.You must listen to the teacher carefully.(改为祈使句)_______ ________the teacher carefully, please.

10.You can’t pour dirty water into the river.(改为祈使句)_______ ________ dirty water into the river.

11.Please close your book!(改为同义句)

________ _________ please close your book?

12.I have two brothers.(对画线部分提问)

_______ _______ ________ _______ you________ ? 13.There is a little bread in the fridge.(对画线部分提问)_____ _______ _______ _______ ________ in the fridge? 14. There are five books on the desk. (对画线部分提问) _______ ______ _______ are there on the desk?

15. I would like five pieces of bread. (对画线部分提问) ______ ______ ______ would you like?

Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。

16.请看黑板。

_______ _______ the blackboard, please.

17.你们班上有多少学生?

_____ _____ ______ ______ _____ in your class?

18.下次不要迟到。

_________ _________ late next time.

19.这件大衣多少钱?

________ _______ is the coat?

20.我们回家吧。

_________ __________ home.

21.我想要一杯酸奶。

I would like ______ _____ _____ _____.

22.在我们班里有五十名学生。

There ______ fifty _______ in our class.

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