英文翻译中常见的句型

翻译中常见的句型

1．否定句型

1）部分否定。其否定意义只局限于整体中的一部分。其形式：“概括词all, every等+not+谓语动词”。常用于该句型词：all, both, everybody, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely, wholly等。

All is not gold that glitters.

I do not wholly agree.

2) 完全否定。其形式：no, none 等否定词+肯定式谓语。常用于该句型词：no, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, never, neither, nowhere, nowise, 等。还有一种句型：all等概括词+肯定式谓语+否定意义的词。

No words can describe the scene.

任何言词均不能描绘那景色。

All his plan came to nothing.

3)双重否定

a.主语+cannot+ help/refrain/keep + from + v-ing

He could not help showing his pleasure.他不由得喜形于色。

b.主语+cannot+ but/choose but/ help but +do

They can not choose but admit that they are wrong.

c.(there be) not +主语+but+谓语

(There is )Nobody but has his faults. 人人都有缺点。

2．判断句型

1）强调判断句

a.主语+be+ no/none +other than/but +表语（强调内容）

The tall figure that I saw was none other than our commander.

b.主语+be+ nothing+(else)but/ else than/ less than+ 表语

Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.天才只不过是劳动加勤奋而已。

c.it is/was +强调部分+that/ who +从句

It is I who am to blame.

2) 正反判断句

a.主语+be +not+表语a, but +表语b

What I admire in Columbus is not his discovered a world, but his having gone to search for it on the faith of an opinion.

b.(it is) not… that(who) …, but…that (who)

Not that we are afraid of them, but that they are afraid of us.

3)比较判断句：

a.主语+be less+表语a +than表语b / more+表语b+表语a

Experience shows that success is due less to abilities than to zeal.

b.主语+be+表语b+ rather than+表语a

He is an artist rather than a philosopher.

c.主语+be+ not so much +表语a+ as+表语b

It is so much advice as approval that he seeks. 他寻求的与其说是忠告，不如说是忠告。3．倍数表示句型：

a.主语+be+倍数+that of 被比较对象/ as +形容词+as+被比较对象

In this workshop the output is four times that of January.

b.主语+increase/rise/attain+(to) 倍数+compared with+被比较对象

Now the industry of the country has attained 6 times of last year.

c.主语+increase+(by)百分数+ （compared with）

Many counties have increased their farm output by 100 percent in a short time.

4. 比较句型

1)等比句型

a. 主语+谓语+as+ adj./adv. +as+ as+被比较对象

He is as tall as I am.

b. 主语+谓语+no more/less+ adj./adv.+ than被比较对象

She is no less diligent than her sister.

2)其他比较句型

我would (had) rather… than/ ….rather than…

…would sooner than…

Sooner than do such work, I would starve.我你愿饿死，也不干这工作。

5. 程度句型

1) a.so… that…/ such…that

The difference is such that all will perceive it.

d.主语+谓语+程度状语so/such +adj./adv. +as + to do

Your stupidity is cu as to fill me with despair.

1)too… to

It is too good to be true.

6. 倒装让步句型

a.表语+as +主语(代词)+联系动词,+主句

b.表语+联系动词+主语(名词) ,+主句

c.副词/动词原形+as +主语,+主句

Disabled as is Paul, he is trying his best to serve the people.

Try as we might, we could not accomplish it.

7. It 作形式主语的常艰句型

a.It is+ adj.+ that

It is possible that the students come this afternoon.

b.It 不及物动词+that

It turns out that the price begins to go down.

c.It be +名词+that…

It was the case that everything was in a mess.

d.It be +done + that

It is said that a foreign teacher will come to our class.