小学六年级英语四种时态总结汇编

小学六年级英语四种时态总结

一、一般现在时

标志词：always(总是) usually(通常) often(经常) sometimes(有时) never(从不) every(每一)

行为动词词型变化形式

一般现在时动词只有第三人称有词形变化，

其他人称（第一人称：I, we；第二人称：you；第三人称复数：they、my friends）动词均用原形当主语是第三人称单数时，一般动词在一般现在时句子中的变化规律：

1、多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes ,

2、以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es wash–washes catch–catches do–does

3、以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es fly—flies study—studies

4、以元音字母加y结尾，直接加s buy – buys

5、不规则变化have—has

一般现在时基本用法

功能

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

The earth is round.

构成

1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。

句型

肯定句：A.be动词：主语+ be + 其它成分He is a worker.

B.行为动词：主语+动词(注意人称变化) +其它成分We like the little cat.

否定句：A.be动词：主语+ be + not +其它成分They are not students.

B.行为动词：主语+助动词(do/does) + not +动词原形+其它成分

We don’t like the little cat.

一般疑问句：A.be动词：Am / Is /Are +主语+ 其它成分

Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

Are they students of your school.Yes they are / No they aren,t.

B.行为动词：助动词(Do/Does)+主语+动词原形+ 其它成分

Do you like it? Yes, I do. / No. I don’t .

Does he(she) like it? Yes, he( she )does. / No, he ( she )doesn’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 一般疑问句

A.be动词：How many students are there in your school?

B.行为动词：What do you usually do on Sunday?

一般现在时动词be和have的变化形式

1.动词Be 叫连系动词, 用法：第一人称单数用am，第三人称单数用is，其它人称用are。

2.动词have的用法：第三人称单数用has以外，其它人称一律用have。如:

注意事项 1.在英国，人们常用have got代替have，特别在疑问句和否定句中。

2.当have如果不表示“有”时，构成疑问或否定句时，就借助于助动词do, does

如：I have a new pen . 否：I have not a new pen. (表示有)

I have lunch at 12 o’clock. 否：I don’t have lunch at 12 o’clock. (表示吃)

二．现在进行时：

标志词：now, look, listen，It’s+时间.

现在进行时: 表示正在进行的、发生的动作

基本结构：

am

be is + 动词ing

are

肯定句：主语+ be动词(am, are, is)+ 现在分词（ing）+ 其他I am watching TV.

否定句：主语+ be动词+ not + 现在分词（ing）+ 其他I am not watching TV.

一般疑问句：Be动词(Am, Are, Is) + 主语+ 现在分词（ing）+ 其他

Are you watching TV? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 一般疑问句

What are you doing？

动词的-ing形式的变化规律：

1. 直接加-ing watch—watching clean—cleaning

2. 以-y结尾的动词，直接加-ing study—studying play—playing

3. 以不发音的-e结尾的动词，先去-e再加-ing make—making come—coming

4. 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，

双写末尾字母，再加-ing cut—cutting

三、一般将来时的用法：

表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。

标志词：tomorrow（明天），the day after tomorrow（后天），next （下一个），from now on（从现在开始），in the future（将来），soon（不久）等

结构：( 1 ) be（am,is ,are）+going to+动词原形( 2 ) will+动词原形

“be goi ng to+动词原形（打算…）”= ” will+动词原形（将，会…）”

I’m going to study tomorrow. I will study tomorrow.

（be going to着重于事先考虑好will 未事先考虑好）----一般不用考虑

肯定句：主语+ be (am, are, is) going to + 动词原形.

主语+ will + 动词原形

否定句：主语+ be (am, are, is) not going to + 动词原形.

主语+won’t + 动词原形.

一般疑问句：Be (Am, Are, Is) + 主语+ going to + 动词原形?

Will + 主语+ 动词原形?

特殊疑问句：疑问词+ 一般疑问句？

注意：will 常简略为'll，并与主语连写在一起，如：I'll，he'll，it'll，we'll，you'll，they'll。

四、一般过去时

标志词：yesterday(昨天), last (上一个), this morning（今天早上），ago(以前),

before (在…之前), in 2002(在2002年) 等

用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作

动词过去式变化规则：

1．一般在动词末尾加-ed 如：watch-watched, cook-cooked

2．结尾是e加d 如：taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

5．不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave…

句型：

1、Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

⑴am 和is 变为was。否定（was not=wasn’t）

⑵are变为were。否定（were not=weren’t）

否定句：在was或were后加not

一般疑问句：把was或were调到句首。

2、行为动词在一般过去时中的变化

否定句：didn’t + 动词原形如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.

一般疑问句：在句首加Did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：（1）疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如: What did Jim do yesterday?

（2）疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?

附录：小学常用不规则动词过去式

一、不规则动词的过去式的构成

1．把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如：

begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam

2．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：

drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote

3．改动词原形中的aw ／ow为ew，变成过去式。如：

draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）

4．动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：

get—got，forget—forgot

5．动词原形中的ee改为e，变成过去式。如：

feed—fed，meet—met

6．动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：

keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept

7．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：

break—broke，speak—spoke

8．动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：

sell—sold，tell—told

9．动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如：

stand—stood，understand—understood

10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如：bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught

11．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如：

can—could，shall—should，will—would

12．把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。如：

come—came，become—became

13．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：

hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕， say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant 〔ment〕

14．动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：

let—let，must—must，put—put，read—read〔red〕

二．不规则动词表

原形过去式中文释义

am was 是（表示存在、状态等）

are were 是（表示存在、状态等）

become became 成为；变成

begin began 开始

break broke 打破

bring brought 拿来；取来；带来

build built 构筑；建造；建筑

buy bought 购买；买

can could 可以；能；可能；会

catch caught 赶上（车船等）；捕获

come came 来；来到

cut cut 切；割；削；剪

do/does did 做；干；行动

draw drew 画

drink drank 喝；饮

drive drove 开车；驾驶

eat ate 吃

feel felt 感到；觉得

find found 寻找；查找

fly flew 飞行

forget forgot 忘记；忘却

get got 变得

give gave 给；授予

go went 去

have/has had 得（病）；患（病）；有；吃；饮hear heard 听见；听说

hide hid 隐藏

is was 是（表示存在、状态等）

keep kept 保持；使保持某种状态

know knew 知道；了解

leave left 离去；出发

let let 允许；让

lose lost 失去；丧失

make made 使；促使；迫使；做；制作

may might 可能；可以

mean meant 表示……的意思；作……的解释meet met 遇见；相逢

put put 放；摆；装

read read /e/ 读；阅读

ride rode 骑

ring rang （铃）响

rise rose 上升

run ran 跑；奔跑

say said 说；讲

see saw 看见

send sent 发送；寄；派；遣

set set 放, 置

show showed 出示；给……看

shut shut 关上（门、盖、窗户等）

sing sang 唱；唱歌

sit sat 坐

sleep slept 睡；睡觉

speak spoke 说；说话

swim swam 游泳

take took 搭乘；花费（时间）；拿走；带到

teach taught 教；讲授

tell told 告诉；讲述

think thought 想；思考

will would 将要

win won 赢；获胜

write wrote 书写

小学英语语法（词性）总结

一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法：

当两种物体之间相互比较时，我们要用形容词或副词的比较级；当相互比较的物体是三个或三个以上时，用形容词或副词的最高级。

比较级

二者比较，标志词：than

最高级

三者以上比较，标志词：the

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律：

1. 单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-est tall—taller—tallest fast—faster—fastest

2. 以-e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r或-st large—larger—largest nice—nicer—nicest

3. 以-y结尾的形容词或副词，改-y为-i再加-er或-est

busy—busier—busiest early—earlier—earliest

4. 形容词或副词是重读闭音节时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot—hotter—hottest

5. 多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more或most beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful

6. 以ly结尾的副词一般加more或most slowly—more slowly—most slowly

7. 不规则变化good (well)- better-best bad (badly)-worse-worst little-less-least far-farther-further many（much）- more – most

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法：

比较级：

1、形容词：物体A + am / are / is + 形容词比较级+ than + 物体B

I am taller than you. This picture is more beautiful than that one.

2、副词：物体A + 行为动词+ 副词比较级+ than + 物体B.

He studies better than me.

最高级：

1、形容词：物体A + am / are / is + the + 形容词最高级+ 比较范围（of + 人/物，in + 地方）.

I am the tallest in the class. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.

2、副词：物体A + 行为动词+ 副词最高级+ 比较范围（of + 人/物，in + 地方）.

Cheetahs run fastest in the world. He studies best of us.

表示两者对比相同：主语+谓语+as+形容词/副词原形+as+从句

This box is as big as mine. This coat is not so/as cheap as that one.

I study English as hard as my brother.

英语比较级和最高级练习

（一）1.A pig is __ than a dog.

A. much heavy

B. more heavier

C much heavier D. more heavy

2.－－Which is __ season in Beijing?

－－I think it’s spring.

A. good

B. well

C. best

D. the best

3. The city is becoming ______.

A. more beautiful and more

B. more beautiful and beautiful

C. more and more beautiful

D. more beautiful and beautifuler

4.Which does Alice like _____ , Chinese or Art?

A. well

B. best

C. better

D. much

5.The Changjiang River is one of ____ in the world.

A. the longest river

B. longest rivers

C. the longest rivers

D. longer rivers

6.LiMing speaks Chinese _____ better than me.

A. very

B. more

C. a lot of

D. much

7.There are____boys in Class Two than in Class Four.

A. more

B. many

C. most

D. best

8.Who has _____ oranges now, Jim, Lily or Lucy?

A. much

B. biggest

C. better

D. the most

9.Mother is _____ in my family.

A. busy

B. busier

C. the busiest

D. more

10.No one is _____ Lucy in the class.

A. so tallest as

B. as taller as

C. so high as

D. as tall as

（二）写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：

long_____ ______ wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____

heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______ few____ _____

brightly______ -_____ bably _____ _______ far____ _____

quickly _____ ______ happy_____ -______ unhappy________

(三)用所给词的正确形式填空：

1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______ (clever).

2. Gold(黄金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁).

3. My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I.

4. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child.

5. The _____ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.

6. The short one is by far _______ expensive of the five.

7. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.

8. Dick sings _____ (well), she sings ______(well) than John, but Mary sings______(well) in her class.

9. She will be much ______ (happy) in her mew house.

10. This dress is ______ that.(twic e, as…as…, expensive)

参考答案：

（一）C D C C C D A D C D

（二）longer longest wider widest

fatter fattest heavier heaviest

slower slowest fewer fewest

more brightly, most brightly worse, worst

further,furthest more quickly, most quickly

happier happiest unhappier unhappiest

（三）clever less

Older youngest

Cheapest the most

Interesting well, better, the best

Happier twice as expensive as

二、情态动词

情态动词的定义：情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。

情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后加动词原形。

can 能够，会may 可以shall 将，要should 应该must 必须

have（has）to 不得不had better 最好

情态动词的用法：

情态动词肯定句否定句

can 主语+ can + 动词原形主语+ can + not + 动词原形

may 主语+ may + 动词原形主语+ may + not + 动词原形

shall 主语+ shall + 动词原形主语+ shall + not + 动词原形

should 主语+ should + 动词原形主语+ should + not + 动词原形

must 主语+ must + 动词原形主语+ must + not + 动词原形have（has）to 主语+ have（has）to + 动词原形主语+ don’t（doesn’t）+

have（has）to + 动词原形had better 主语+ had better + 动词原形主语+ had better + not + 动词原形

情态动词疑问句肯定回答否定回答can Can + 主语+动词原形? Yes, ～can. No, ～can’t.

may May + 主语+动词原形? Yes, ～may. / Sure. No, ～may not.

shall Shall + 主语+动词原形? Yes, please. / All right. No, let’s not.

should Should +主语+动词原形? Yes, ～should. No, ～shouldn’t.

must Must + 主语+动词原形? Yes, ～must. No, ～needn’t.

Yes, ～do (does). No, ～don’t (doesn’t).

have（has）to Do (does)+主语+

have to +动词原形?

had better ／／／

三、名词复数规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives

5．不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,

policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice, child-children,foot-feet,

tooth-teeth,fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

可数名词变为复数形式有如下变化，如下表：

技巧归纳

改f(e)为ve加s口诀

（1）树叶半数自己黄妻子拿刀去割粮架后窜出一只狼就像小偷逃命忙

（2）常用不规则名词复数形式foot-feet 脚man-men 男人woman-women 女人tooth-teeth 牙mouse-mice 老鼠goose-geese 鹅child-children

小孩

(3)单复数同形fish 鱼li 里jin 斤yuan 元mu 亩sheep 羊

deer 小鹿Chinese 中国人Japanese 日本人means 手段

单复名词同形：中国人日本人都爱绵羊鹿和鱼.

高频考点man woman 作定词修饰复数时需变为复数形式

two men doctors 两位男医生many women leaders 很多女领导

(4)只有复数形式，没有单数形式

trousers 裤子clothes 衣服shorts 短裤goods 商品glasses 眼镜shoes 鞋（5）常用不可数名词

advice 建议baggage 行李bread 面包rain 雨steel 钢gold 金sand 沙grass 草glass 玻璃oil 油paper 纸butter 黄油salt 盐beauty 漂亮change 零钱information 信息smoke water 水homework 作业cloth 布food 食品money 钱tea 茶snow 雪wealth 财富furniture 家具cotton 棉花rice 大米fruit 水果milk 牛奶

四、介词口诀：

介词的用法

早、午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。

年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。

将来时态in...以后，小处at大处in。

有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。

特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。

介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。

日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，

收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。

着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。

特定时日和“一……就”，on后常接动名词。

年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。

步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。

at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。

工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。

就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。

海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。

this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。

接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。

over、under正上下，above、below则不然，

若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。‘

beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。

besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。

同类比较except，加for异类记心间。

原状because of,、owing to、due to表语形容词

under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。

before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。

before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。

since以来during间，since时态多变换。

与之相比beside，除了last but one。

复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。

快到、对、向t owards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。

but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。

ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。

之后、关于、在......方面，有关介词须记全。

in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。

五、代词的用法.

宾格：一般放在动词,介词（for、to、of…）后.

形容词性物主代词：修饰名词,放在名词前.

名词性物主代词：代表名词,后不跟名词.

反身代词及其一般用法

反身代词表示动作回到其执行者本身用以加强语气。

反身代词的分类

1．第一人称单数：myself 我自己复数：ourselves 我们自己2．第二人称单数：yourself 你自己复数：yourselves 你们自己3．第三人称单数：himself 他自己herself 她自己itself 它自己

复数：themselves 他们自己、她们自己、它们自己

反身代词在句子中的用法

1．作表语She's not herself today. 她今天跟平常真是判若两人。

2．作宾语Please help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃点鱼。

3．作介宾I learned English by myself. 我自学英语。

4．作同位语He can do that himself. 他自己能做那件事。

There be 有，表示存在。

There is+单数、不可数名词There are+复数

“There be” 句型结构：

肯定句：“ There be+ 主语（某人/ 某物）+ 某地There isa boy in the room.

否定句：“There be + not (any)+ 主语+ 某地There aren't any books on the desk.

一般疑问句：“Be（is、are）there +(any)+ 主语+ 某地

“Yes ，there is / are.” “No, there isn't / aren't. ”

It +be

谈论天气“ It's going to rain.”说到时间“It's time to go to school.”

距离远近“It's far to get there.”情况程度“It's hard to learn.”

六、连词的用法

一、并列连词：

1. and 连接单词My brother and I study in the same school.

连接短语Our knowledge may come from the books and from practice.

连接句子We are singing and they are dancing.

2. but 但是/而是I have a pen but no pencil.

or 或者Will you go there by bus or on foot?

3.nothing but 除了，只有I did nothing but watch it.

4.or表示否则Hurry up or you will be late.

5.for 表示因为He is good at math for he studies harder than others.

6.still 表示后句概念由前句转折而来

The weather is very cold, still we needn’t wear more clothes.

7.not only…but also 不仅…而且可并列主、谓、宾、表及句子

主语并列时，谓语要就近一致Not only he but also I am a teacher.

8.as well as 以及，同样并列单词、短语、句子。

并列主语时，动词要随前面的主语变化He works as well as he can

9.either…or 既…又…，或…或…并列主、谓、宾、表及状语Either come in or go out.

10.neither…nor 既不…也不并列主、谓、宾、表、状语，

并列主语时，谓语就近一致Neither you nor he speaks French.

12.both…and 和，既…也并列主、谓、宾及表语I can play both football and basketball.

13.nor 也不，引导句子要倒装He can not speak English, nor can I.

You like apples, so do I.

二、从属连词：

1. after 表示“时间”，在…之后

After I finished the school, I became a worker in the factory.

2.although/though 表示让步，“尽管”Although she is young, she knows a lot.

3.as 表示时间，“当…时”，方式“象…”，原因，“由于、因为”让步，“尽管、虽然”

As it was late, we must go now.

4.as if/as though 表方式，“似乎、好像”

He told is such a story as though he had been there before.

5.as long as/so long as 表条件，“只要”As long as I am free, I’ll go to help you.

6.as soon as 表时间，“一…就…”I will phone you as soon as I come back.

7.because 表原因，“因为”I have to stay in bed because I am ill.

8.before 表时间，“在…之前“You should think more before you do it.

9.even if/ even though 表让步，“即使”You should try again even if you failed.

10.hardly…when 表时间，“（刚）一…就”Hardly I entered the gate when the bell rang.

11.if “假如”，引导条件状语从句What should I do net if the rain doesn’t stop?

“是否”，引导宾语从句I don’t know if he comes back or not.

12.In case 表目的，“以防，以免”You should be more careful in case there is a fire.

13.In order that 表目的，“为了，以便”

We study hard in order that we can pass the exam.

14.no matter +疑问词表让步，“无论，不管”

No matter what you do, you should try your best.

15.no sooner…than 表时间，“刚一…就…”

No sooner had I come home than it began to rain.

16.now that 表原因，“既然，因为，由于”

Now that you are on duty,you should clean the classroom. 17.once 表时间，“一旦…”Once you promise , you should do it.

三、其他

1.since 表时间，“自从…以来”He has been in this company since he left school.

表原因，“既然，由于”Since the job is dangerous, let’s do it more carefully. 2.so far as/as far as 表条件，“就…而言，就…而论”

As far as I know, it is easy for you to speak in English. 3.so that 表目的“以便”Speak loud so that everybody can hear clearly.

表结果“如此,以致”He got up so late that he missed the bus.

4.than 表示比较，“比”Things were worse than we thought.

5.that 无词义，引导名词性从句It is dangerous that we walk on the thin ice.

引导定语从句和状语从句She hurried that she might not be late for work.

6.unless 表条件，“除非，如果不”I will go to the zoo unless it rains.

7.Until/till 表时间，“直到…为止”I’ll wait till he comes back.

8.when 表时间，“当…时“When they got there, the train has left.

9.whether “是否”引导名词性从句Whether he can some to see us is unknown.

表让步，“不管/无论、是否”Whether she is ill or well, she is always happy.

10.while 表时间，“当…时”While he was in Beijing, he visited the Great Wall.

表让步，“尽管，既然”While I find the problems very difficult, I don’t think them insoluble.

11.whenever 表时间，“无论什么时候”Whenever you meet any trouble, tell me at once.