book2 unit4语言点
Book 2, Unit 4
[一]Words and expressions
1.w ild adj. 野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的; 狂热的, 疯狂的
wild ness n. 野生；野蛮
wildly adv. 野生地，野蛮地
wildwood n. 自然林；原始林
wildlife n. 野生动植物
in the wild
be wild with joy 欣喜
go crazy/ wild
eg. It made me wild to see such cruelty. 看到如此的残忍，我都要疯了。
2.d ecrease vi. vt. 减少，（使）变小；或变少；降低
decreased (increase/rise) by/to
eg. Students numbers have decreased by50. 学生人数减少50名。
拓展：n. “减少，降低”“减弱，减轻”
（1）decrease in sth.在……方面的减少
eg. There is a decrease of 3% in the rate of inflation.通货膨胀率降低3%。
（2）on the decrease 在减少
eg. Is crime on the decrease in this area? 该地区案件是否在减少？
（3）反义词：increase 增加
eg. There has been a steady decrease in the number of visitors. (n.)
游客的数量持续下降。
There has been a 6% decrease in his income. (n.)
他的收入下降了6%。
We have decreased our demand for paper.我们减少了用纸的需求。(vt.)
The number of whales has decreased sharply this year. (vi.)
今年鲸鱼的数量急剧下降。
3.d anger n.---in danger (of)
dangerous adj.
endanger vt.
4.d ie out 灭亡；逐渐消失
eg. There are many reasons for animals dying out. 动物灭绝的原因有很多。
Many animals have died out in the past decades.在过去几十年里，许多动物灭绝了。拓展：die of / from 由于……而死亡
die away 逐渐停止；逐渐消失
die down 逐渐减弱；逐渐模糊
die off 相继死去
eg. He hid behind the door until the footsteps had died away.
他一直躲在门后面，直到脚步声渐渐远去，完全消失。
5.h unt vt. vi. 打猎；猎取；搜寻hunt for
hunter n. 猎人
eg. We’ve been hunting for the lost boy all over.
我们一直在到处寻找那失踪的男孩。
5．in peace和平地；和睦地；安详地
eg. The countries live together in peace with one another.这些国家和平相处。
May he rest in peace. 愿他安息。
拓展：(1)相关短语：
keep the peace
make one’s peace with sb. 与某人和解(尤指主动道歉)
make peace (指两人，两国等)和解
(2) 派生词：peaceful a dj. 和平的；爱好和平的；安宁的
peacefully adv. 和平地；安宁地6.i n danger (of) 在危险中；垂危opp.out of danger
eg. The bridge is in danger of collapse.桥要塌了。
in charge(of)
7．respond vi. 回答；响应；做出反应
eg. She asked where he’d been, but he didn’t respond. 她问他到什么地方去了，他却不回答。
How does the lady respond when she hears the news? 当这位女士听到这个消息时，她的反应如何？
拓展：(1) respond (to sb. / sth.) (with sth.) “用……回答….”或“用……对……做出反应.”
(2) response n. 回答;作答;反应;回响
in response (to) 作为(对……的)回答/反应
eg.The government acted in response to economic pressure.政府为对付经济压力而采取了行动.
8．distant adj. 远的；远处的(far away in space or time)
eg. The airport is about ten miles distant from the city.机场距离城市大约十米远。
拓展：(1)distant 还指①（指人）远亲的②（指
联结，相似性等）不太强的；不明显的
eg. She is a distant cousin of mine.她是我的远房表妹。
The lady gave me a distant nod.这位女士不太热情地点了点头。
(2)派生词：distantly adv. 遥远地distance n.距离；远处；冷淡
(3)常见搭配：
in the distance 在远处；在远方
keep one’s distance (from sb. /sth) 与某人/某物保持一定距离
at a distance
relief n.①(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事情
eg. The drug gives some relief from pain.这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。
②救济，救济品
eg. The government sent relief to the people who lost their homes in the flood.政府给在洪水
中失去家园大人们送去救济品。
③轻松感，欣慰感
eg. It was such a relief to hear that Martha was found safe and well.
听到玛莎安然无恙的消息，我们都感到很欣慰。
After the exam, I felt an incredible（难以置信）sense of relief.
考试过后,我感到无比轻松.
v. relieve 减轻；解除救济；救援
拓展：give relief to one’s sorrow减轻某人的悲伤
to one’s great relief使某人感到大为欣慰。
in relief 如释重负；松了口气
eg. Hearing the news that we won the match, I was in relief.听到我们赢了的消息，我松了口气。
9.l aughter n. 笑；笑声
eg. A laughter was raised against him.人们对她
发出一阵嘲笑。
拓展：burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑出声来
burst out laughing 突然大笑起来
roar with laughter 放声大笑
laugh at sb. / sth. 嘲笑某人/某物11．mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
merciful adj. 仁慈的；宽恕的；宽容的mercifully adv. 仁慈地；宽恕地
merciless adj. 不仁慈的；不宽恕的
eg. They showed mercy to their enemies.他们对敌人很仁慈。
拓展：at the mercy of sb. / sth. 任由某人/某事物摆布或控制
have mercy on / upon ……对……表示怜悯
eg. The ship was at the mercy of the storm.那支船在暴风雨中失去控制。
12.certain adj.确定的；一定; 某一；
a certain reason/ certain reasons
some reason
cerainly adv. 无疑的；确定的；当然
eg. She saw me, I’m certain of that.她看见我了，这一点我可以确定。
For certain reasons I will be unable to attend the meeting.因为某些原因，我不能出席这次会议。
辨析：certain 与sure
certain在表示“确信”“一定”时，常与sure换用。
(1)be sure/certain to d o…表示“一定会”，是说话人的看法，指说话人“相信”。
eg.He is sure / certain to come.他一定会来。（说话人相信）
(2)be sure / certain of +n. / doing 表示确信。是主语的看法，指主语相信。
eg. He is sure / certain of success.他确信成
功。（主语he相信）
(3)be sure / certain about + n. 也指主语相信。
(4)be sure / certain + that从句“确信”，指主语“相信”某事。
eg. I’m sure / certain that he is honest.我相信他是诚实的。
(5)it is certain that…表示“……是确定无疑的”,指说话人“相信”,是说话人的看法。(注意：sure的主语务必是人，如不可说It is sure that we’ll win.)
13. importance n. 重要（性）
important adj. 重要的；重大的；非常有价值常见用法：be of (great) importance
= be (very) important
importance to sb. / sth. 对……来说重要
14.contain vt. 包含；容纳；容忍
container n. 容器；集装箱
eg. The speech contained some interesting
ideas.这个演讲包括了一些有趣的思想.
辨析: contain和include
contain 可用于表示“包含”，指包含之物的全部或部分(成分).
include用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。
eg The box contains the child’s toys.那箱子里装了那个孩子的玩具.
The apple contains vitamin C.
The seawater contains salt.
The auditorium will contain 3000 people.这座礼堂可以容纳3000人.
The parcel included a dictionary.
那包裹里还包括了一本字典. (一部分)
All the students have it including Tom/ Tom included.
15.affect vt. 影响；感动；侵袭(to have an effect on)
effect n. 影响have an effect on /
upon…=affect “影响”
eg. Smoking affects health.
His opinion will not affect my decision.他的意见不会影响我的决定.
Did the medicine have any effect? 这药有疗效吗?
The film had quite an effect on her.这部影片对她影响很大.
16.attention n. 注意;关注;注意力
attentive adj. 注意的;专心的
attentively adv. 注意地,留意地
pay attention to 注意
eg. Please give it your attention.请注意.
That’s a problem we Chinese must pay special attention to.那是我们中国人必须特别注意的问题.
17.appreciate vt. 鉴赏;感激;意识到~ doing sth.
appreciation n. 鉴别;感激;欣赏
eg. You can’t fully appreciate foreign
literature in translation.
翻译作品很难让你鉴赏到外国文学的精髓.
I appreciate your help.我感激你的帮助.
I will ~it if you could help me.
18.succeed vi. 成功vt. 接替;继任
success n. 成功
successful adj. 成功的be successul in doing sth.
succeed in sth. / doing sth. 成功干成某事= manage to do sth.
eg. She’s absolutely determined to succeed (in life).她决心要实现自己的(人生)目的.
Who succeeded Churchill (as Prime Minister)?继丘吉尔出任(首相)的是谁?
Nothing succeeds like success. (谚)一事成,事事成.
19.secure adj. 安全的;可靠的(free from danger or attack)
opp. insecure adj. 不安全的;不可靠的security. n. 安全;保护;保障
eg. feel secure about one’s future对自己的前途无忧无虑
20.income n. 收入
eg. The government tax on income is called income tax.政府根据收入多少的征税叫做收入所得税.
辨析: income, pay, wages, salary, fee
(1)income用来指从工作,投资等所得的钱,可
指将来的收入,也可指并非挣来的收入. (2)pay一般用以指雇主定期付给的工
资.pay-day指每星期/每月领取工资的日子.
(3)wages按星期(有时按日)发放,通常为现款,
按小时,日,星期计算或按完成一定的工作量计算.wage earners通常指体力劳动者. (4)salary按月支付,常直接拨入领取者的银行
帐户内,专业人员和在办公室工作的人员领取.
(5)fee是付给律师,医生等的报酬.
eg. A postman’s ______ are ￡180 per month.邮递员的工资为每月180英镑.
I thought the accountant’s ______
rather high.我认为哪个会计师收费很高.
The company is offering a ______ of $20,000 per annual.这家公司招聘职员,年薪
为20,000美元.
答案: wages, fee, salary
21.employ vt. 雇佣;利用(时间,精力等) employment n. 雇佣;使用
employer n. 雇佣者;雇主
employee n. 受雇者;雇工;雇员
22.harm n & vt.损害;危害
harmful adj. 有害的;
harmless adj. 无害的;不会引起损伤的
短语: c ome to harm遭不幸
do more harm than good弊大于利
There’s no harm in (one’s) doing sth.
= It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth. 做某事并无害处
do sb. harm = do harm to sb. 损害某人
be harmful to sb. 对某人有害
eg. I’ll go with her to make sure she comes to no harm.我要和她同去以免她受到伤害.
23.inspect vt. 检查;视察
inspection n. 检查;视察
inspector n. 检查员,视察者
24.incident n. 事件;事变
eg. I could remember every trivial（琐细的, 价值不高的, 微不足道的）incident in great detail.我能把每件小事的细节都记得很清楚.
辨析: incident, accident, event, occurrence (1)incident通常指不太重要的事情,经常出现于叙述中,还可指冲突或不和，常涉及暴力行动.
(2)accident意外的,偶发的;恶性的事件;事故(如车祸)
(3)event常指重大事件及体育赛事.
eg. (1)Their wedding will be quite an _______.
(2)He was killed in a traffic ________.
(3)You don’t have to write down every little _______ in your life.
(4)The kidnapping caused an international _______.
答案：（1）event（2）accident (3) incident (4) incident
25. ending n. 结尾；结局
end n. & v. 末端；尽头；结束；终止
词组：at the end of…在……的末端，尽头
bring sth. to the end (使某事物)结束，终止
come to an end 结束
end in sth. 以某事物作为末端或结尾
end up + 介词短语/ doing / adj.
eg. This is a story with a happy ending.这是个
结局圆满的故事。
Their long struggle ended in failure.
他们的长期斗争终告失败。
At first he refused to accept his responsibility but he ended up apologizing.
最初他拒不承认有任何责任，到头来还是道了歉。
If he carries on driving like that, he’ll end up dead.
他照这样开车，早晚得死于非命。
[二]Think of the topic
Needless to say, wildlife is a very general term for life in various ecosystems. Deserts, rainforests, plains, and other areas –including the most built-up urban sites- all have distinct forms of wildlife. Humankind has historically tended to separate civilization from wildlife in a number of ways. In modern times there are still some persons sparing no efforts to exploit wildlife for human benefit or entertainment. Do you think it is good to do like that in the long run?
通过对本单元的学习,我们要了解人们应该如何与生活在同一个地球上的动物和植物相处；树立起人与自然和谐相处的生态观,增强自觉保护野生动物的意识,促进人与自然和谐发展；并能够用英语表达野生动物保护的重要性。
[三]Warming up
1.As a result these endangered animals may even
die out.
结果，这些濒危的动物甚至可能会消亡。
as a result: “结果”，是用来表示因果关系的一个常用词组，相当于一个副词短语，通常位于句首，并用逗号隔开。这个词组属于中性意义，也就是说，他既可以引出积极的结果，也可以引出消极的结果。
eg. China has set up a number of reserves to protect bamboo areas. As a result, the number of pandas has increased.
中国建立了若干个竹林保护区，因此，大熊猫在数量上有所增长。
Many students spend too little time on sports. As a result, their health has suffered.
许多学生在体育锻炼上花的时间太少，导致健康水平下降。
如果要点明造成某一结果的具体原因，我们可以用as a result of (sth.),但需要注意的是，as a result of 后面接的原因通常带有消极意义。
人教版英语七年级上册Unit4知识点总结(20200404100525)
基础义务教育资料欢迎使用本资料，祝您身体健康、万事如意，阖家欢乐！愿同学们健康快乐的成长。早日为祖国的繁荣昌盛奉献自己的力量。 UNIT4 Section A 1.table 桌子（教材第19页）欢迎使用本资料，祝您身体健康、万事如意，阖家欢乐。愿同学们健康快乐的成长。早日为祖国的繁荣昌盛奉献自己的力量 table 可数名词，意为“桌子”。 There is a table in my room. 在我房间里有一张桌子。欢迎使用本资料，祝您身体健康、万事如意，阖家欢乐。愿同学们健康快乐的成长。早日为祖国的繁荣昌盛奉献自己的力量 ［拓展］at table 在进餐，在吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁边 辨析：table 与desk欢迎使用本资料，祝您身体健康、万事如意，阖家欢乐。愿同学们健康快乐的成长。早日为祖国的繁荣昌盛奉献自己的力量 table 指“圆桌；饭桌”， 是用餐，会谈或消遣 时所用的桌子，可以 是方形的，圆形的。一般不带抽屉 A table for two,please.请安排两 人一桌的位子。 desk欢迎使用本资料，祝您身体健康、万事如意，阖家欢乐。愿同学们健康快乐的成长。早日为祖国的繁荣昌盛奉献自己的力量指“书桌；课桌”式 读书，办公时所用的 桌子 一般带有抽屉There are many desks in our classroom. 在我们的教室里有 许多书桌。 2.Where are my books?我的书在哪里？（教材第19页） where 疑问副词，意为“在哪里”，用来引导特殊疑问句。句型“Where+be+主语？”用来询问“某人或某物在哪里”，主语为第三人称单数时，动词be用is；主语为第二人称或复数时，动词be用are。在回答该句型时，用“主语＋be+表示地点的介词短语”这一 结构，有时也可直接用“表示地点的介词短语”回答。答语中的主语一般用人称代词代替， 避免与前面问句中的名词重复。 ——Where is your father?你爸爸在哪里？ ——He is in his room.他在他的房间里。 ——Where are your keys? 你的钥匙在哪里？ ——They are on the table.它们在桌子上。 3.They’re on the sofa.他们在沙发上。（教材第19页） （1）they是人称代词主格，意为“他们；她们；它们”，是人称代词he，she或it的复数形式。常用来指代复数的人或物。 These boys are my brothers.They are students. 这些男孩是我的兄弟，他们是学生。（they指代my brothers） I have two books。They are interesting.我有两本书，它们很有趣。（they 指代two books） Helen and Mary are good friends. ______ often help each other. A. Them B. Theirs C.They D.Their 解析：我们可采用“语法分析法”解答本题。them“她（他／它）们”，宾语形式；theirs “她（他／它）们的”，名词性物主代词；they“她（他／它）们”，主格形式；their
7AUnit4语言点解析
Unit4 1.wake (sb.) up叫醒某人（其中sb用宾格） 2.It’s time for sth./ It’s time to do sth./ It’s time for sb. to do sth.该某人做某事啦。注意 它的一般疑问句Is it time to do sth.? 3.Shall we 加动原…?= What /How about doing sth.?= Why not do sth.?我们做某事，好吗？为什么 不做某事呢？ 4.go walking 去散步go out for a walk出去散步 5.in the hills在山里 6.seldom/ never/ hardly都是否定词 7.after lunch午餐后at lunchtime在午餐时间 8.need a good rest需要好好休息need sth.需要某物need to do sth.需要做某事need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事 9.do morning/eye exercises做早/眼保健操do after-school activities 做课外活动 10.be late for 迟到注意区分Jack is always late for school.和Jack, don’t be late for school again. 11.start lessons开始上课We start lessons at a quarter past eight.=Our lessons begin at a quarter past eight. 12.a student at Huji Middle School 13.from Monday to Wednesday 14.a lot of=lots of既可以修饰可数也可以修饰不可数 15.be all nice to sb. 都对某人好 16.chat with each other互相聊天（注意chatting） 17.have a Reading/ Swimming/ Dancing Club 18.read books there/ go there by bus/ take the bus there/ walk there/ go there on foot/ ride a bike there/ go there on one’s bike/ on No. 5 bus在五路公共汽车上 19.in the school volleyball team 20.practice doing sth.练习做某事 21.have (great) fun doing sth.= have a good time doing sth.= enjoy oneself(myself/ ourselves/ yourself/ yourselves/ himself/ herself/ themselves/ itself) 玩得开心 22.all the best/ best wishes 23.He is the best student in my class. 24.in1999/in January (February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/ November/December)/ in spring(summer/ autumn/ winter)/ 25.on a …morning/ on the morning of…/on Sunday( Monday/ Tuesday/ Wednesday/ Thursday/ Friday/ Saturday)/on Childre n’s Day/ 26.at noon/ at breakfast/at 6 years old/at lunchtime/at birth/at Christmas/ at the daytime 27.We don’t have lessons on Saturday or Sunday. 28.have much time to do sth.有许多时间做某事have no time to do sth.没有时间做某事 29.have too much homework to do有太多的作业要做 30.dance for two hours跳舞两个小时(记住在一段时间前用for)。对for +一段时间提问用how long./ 对 in +一段时间提问用how soon/ 对距离提问用how far/对频率提问用how often 31.at Sunshine Sports Center在阳光体育中心 32.the two teams in the match比赛中的两个队 https://www.360docs.net/doc/5d7349494.html,e and watch the game 或come to watch the game来观看比赛 34.Thanks for doing sth./Thanks for sth.如Thanks for your help.
高一英语新课标必修2unit1知识点共11页
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