OpenGL中创建一个球体动画,使球体在窗口内做自由落体运动.(推荐文档)

计算机图形学实验报告

1、实验目的和要求

利用第七章所学的知识，试在OpenGL中创建一个球体动画，使球体在窗口内做自由落体运动，并在撞击地面后能够反弹回来。并用相应的代码表示出来。2、实验内容

利用glutSolidSphere函数等其它函数，在OpenGL中创建一个球体动画，使球体在窗口内做自由落体运动，并在撞击地面后能够反弹回来

3、实验步骤

1）相关算法及原理描述

我们所使用的glut实用工具中，正好就有一个绘制球体的现成函数：glutSolidSphere，这个函数在“原点”绘制出一个球体。由于坐标是可以通过glTranslate*和glRotate*两个函数进行随意变换的，所以我们就可以在任意位置绘制球体了。

2）运行结果

如下图，程序调试成功，并且能正常显示

4、实验总结

通过本次试验，进一步认识，感觉OpenGL的功能很强大，各种各样的物理模拟实验他都不在话下！！不得不说，这软件很好很强大!!由于自己不太擅长编程，所以有些功能还不能完全实现，但我会尽自己最大努力来克服自己的编程不足之

处，多加练习。

5、附录

带注释的源程序

#include "glut.h"

#include

#include

#include

#include

#define PI 3.1415926

double move=20.0;

int i=0;

int down=1;

int count=1;

double timeSpan=0; //下降到底所需时间double movey=0.0;

double duration=0.0; //持续时间

double length=0.0;

clock_t start,end;

void init(void)

{

GLfloat mat_specular[]={220.220,220.0,220.0,220.0};

GLfloat mat_shininess[]={100.0};

GLfloat light_position[]={0.0, 0.0, 0.0, -2.0}; //r-l u-d f-b GLfloat ambientLight[] = { 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f };

GLfloat diffuseLight[] = { 0.6f, 0.6f, 0.6f, 1.0f };

GLfloat specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f};

glClearColor(0.2,0.2,1.5,2.0); //bgc

glColor3ub(100, 100, 215);

glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);

glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT,GL_SPECULAR,mat_specular);

glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT,GL_SHININESS,mat_shininess);

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_AMBIENT,ambientLight);

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_DIFFUSE,diffuseLight);

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_SPECULAR,specular);

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);

glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);

glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);

glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

}

void reshape(int w,int h)

{

glViewport(0,0,(GLsizei)w,(GLsizei)h);

glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);

glLoadIdentity();

if(w<=h)

glOrtho(-12,12,-12*(GLfloat)(h)/(GLfloat)(w),12*(GLfloat)(h)/(GLfloat)(w),

-1.0,1.0);

else

glOrtho(-12*(GLfloat)(w)/(GLfloat)(h),12*(GLfloat)(w)/(GLfloat)(h),-12,12,-1.0,1.0) ;

glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

glLoadIdentity();

}

void initDisplay(void)

{

down=1; //向下运动

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

glLoadIdentity();

glTranslatef(0.0,20.0,0.0);

glutSolidSphere(0.4,40,50);

glutSwapBuffers();

}

void display(void)

{

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

glLoadIdentity();

glTranslatef(0,move,0.0);

glutSolidSphere(0.4,40,50);

glutSwapBuffers();

}

void MoveSphereUp()

{

end=clock();

duration = (double)(end - start-16.0) /CLOCKS_PER_SEC;

length=5*(timeSpan-duration)*(timeSpan-duration);

move=20-length;

if(move>19.932) {

move=20;

down=1;

printf("%i",down);

start=clock();

}

display();

glLoadIdentity();

}

void MoveSphereDown()

{

if(count==1){

start=clock();

count=0;

}

end=clock();

duration = (double)(end - start) /CLOCKS_PER_SEC;

length=5*duration*duration;

move=20-length;

if(move<-20) {

timeSpan=duration; //记下下降所经历的时间

move=-20;

start=clock();

down=0; //向上运动

}

display();

glLoadIdentity();

}

void TimerFunc2(int value){

if(i==0){ //left

GLfloat light_position[]={2.0,0.0,0.0,0.0}; //r-l u-d f-b

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);

}

if(i==1){ //left-up

GLfloat light_position[]={2.0,2.0,0.0,0.0}; //r-l u-d f-b

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);

}

if(i==2){ //up

GLfloat light_position[]={0.0,2.0,0.0,0.0}; //r-l u-d f-b

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);

}

if(i==3){ //up-right

GLfloat light_position[]={-2.0,2.0,0.0,0.0}; //r-l u-d f-b

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);

}

if(i==4){ //right

GLfloat light_position[]={-2.0,0.0,0.0,0.0}; //r-l u-d f-b

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);

}

if(i==5){ //right-down

GLfloat light_position[]={-2.0,-2.0,0.0,0.0}; //r-l u-d f-b

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);

}

if(i==6){ //down

GLfloat light_position[]={0.0,-2.0,0.0,0.0}; //r-l u-d f-b

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);

}

if(i==7){ //down-left

GLfloat light_position[]={2.0,-2.0,0.0,0.0}; //r-l u-d f-b

glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);

}

i=(++i)%8; //控制小球旋转的

glutTimerFunc(60,TimerFunc2,1);

}

void TimerFunc1(int value){

if(down==1){

MoveSphereDown();

}

if(down==0){

MoveSphereUp();

}

glutTimerFunc(10,TimerFunc1,0);

}

int main(int argc,char **argv)

{

glutInit(&argc,argv);

glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_RGB);

glutInitWindowSize(400,740);

glutInitWindowPosition(300,20);

glutCreateWindow(argv[0]);

init();

glutDisplayFunc(initDisplay);

glutReshapeFunc(reshape);

glutTimerFunc(1400,TimerFunc1,0); //毫秒

glutTimerFunc(400,TimerFunc2,1); //毫秒

glutMainLoop();

return 0;

}