2020年高考英语真题重点语法和题型分类汇编精讲第17题 阅读理解(解析版)

第17题阅读理解

The Japanese have always been at the forefront at deploying robots to perform jobs that are traditionally done by humans. Over the past year, humanoid robots have been seen helping customers at the Mitsubishi Bank and even filling in for human science communicators at museums. Therefore, it is not surprising to hear that the country has the world's first hotel that is staffed almost entirely by the Androids!

The aptly(巧妙地）named Henn-na ("strange" in Japanese)Hotel which opened its doors on July 17 is located at Nagasaki's Huis Ten Bosch theme park.. It is the idea of Hideo Sawada, a Japanese businessman who is fascinated by the possibility of replacing humans with robots. His aim is to have this futuristic hotel be run mainly by the intelligent humanoids .

Guests checking-in are welcomed by a family friendly English-speaking robot wearing a bow tie and

bell-hop(侍者）hat. Though experienced at his job, he does request guests not to ask him "a difficult question "since he is after all," just a robot!"Those seeking a more" regular" experience, can approach the human-like

Japanese-speaking robot.

When ready, visitors can request the robot "porters" to help carry belongings to their room. Those that need to stow away valuables can hand them to a helpful robot who will place them inside an individual safe box in exchange for a small fee. A one-foot-high concierge is available to provide information about the hotel's amenities, nearby attractions, and even order a taxi if needed.

So how much does it cost to live in this crazy cool hotel? It depends on when you decide to go. During the low season, guests can get away with paying as little $ 60 a night for a basic room. However, during the peak season when rates are determined by an online auction, the price can get as high as $153.

1. What is Hideo Sawada interested in?

A. Making different kinds of robots.

B. Taking the place of humans with robots.

C. Setting up more hotels run by robots.

D. Making robots more intelligent.

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“..a Japanese businessman who is fascinated by the possibility of replacing humans with robots."可知，这个日本人对用机器人代替人类感兴趣。

2. From the third paragraph we can know that

A. the Japanese-speaking robot welcomes the guests

B. the human-like robot can speak Japanese and English

C. the human-like robot is better skilled at its job than the other robots

D. the English-speaking robot can answer simple questions

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Though experienced at his job , he does request guests not to ask him ' a difficult question'...”可知，他不能回答很难的问题。由此可知D项为正确选项。

3. The underlined phrase "stow away" most probably means "_______".

A. purchase

B. change

C. store

D. replace

【答案】C

【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文的who will place them inside an individual safe box可知，机器人会把贵重物品放进个人保险箱里面，所以该短语的意思是“储藏；储存”。

4.What could be the best title for the passage?

A. World's first robot-staffed hotel is open for business.

B. Japanese tops the first in making robots.

C. Robots can replace humans in Japanese hotels.

D. The aptly named Henn-na Hotel at a theme park.

【答案】A

【解析】主旨大意题。文章的第一段是主题段，讲述了日本在制造仿真机器人方面一直走在最前沿，现在日本有世界上第一家几乎全部职员都是机器人的旅馆。由此可知，A项概括了短文的主要内容。

A。

阅读理解（二）

Battling freezing temperatures, total darkness, and other dangerous flying conditions, a plane left the South Pole on Wednesday after rescuing a sick worker from a U.S. research base. After the patient and flight crew rest , the plane will make its way to South America , where the patient will receive medical care .

The daring rescue mission(任务）began last week when two planes flew from Canada to Rothera,a British base on the Antarctic Peninsula. On Tuesday, just one of the planes left Rothera on a 10-hour trip to the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, where the sick worker was located.

The station is usually unreachable during Antarctica's long winter, from February to October. Forty-eight people live at the base, including a doctor and a physician's assistant. But when the crew there determined the worker needed medical help that couldn't be provided on site, the emergency rescue mission began.

A small crew, including a pilot, co-pilot, medical worker, and flight engineer, made the 1, 500-mile trip from Rothera in a Twin Otter plane. It is the only type of plane capable of flying in Antarctica's winter cold. It can operate in temperatures as low as-103F. The temperature in the South Pole on Tuesday was -73F In such conditions, an aircraft's fuel and even its batteries need to be warmed up before it can take off.

The pitch-black sky and the threat of high winds and sudden weather changes make such flights extremely risky and rare. This rescue is only the third time an emergency mission has been made to the research base since 1999. The National Science Foundation, which runs the station, has not said who was rescued, or the medical condition of the person. The names of the crew members who made the daring flight have not been made public either .But according to Peter West, a National Science Foundation spokesman, the mission “went all according to plan”.

1. Why did the plane fly to the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station?

A. To do scientific research.

B. To rescue a sick worker.

C. To transport medicine

D. To supply necessities.

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“On Tuesday, just one of the planes left Rothera on a 10-hour trip to the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, where the sick worker was located."可知，飞机飞往阿蒙森—斯科特站是为了

救一名生病的工作人员。

2. What do we know about the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station?

A. It is a US research base. B . It is a British research base .

C . It is a ten-hour flight from Canada . D. It is a medical centre on the Antarctic Peninsula.

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“..after rescuing a sick worker from a U. S. research base."和第二段的"...the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, where the sick worker was located."可知，该地点是美国的研究基地。

3.From the third paragraph we can infer

A. the doctor there is not experienced

B. the base is lack of medicine

C . the patient asked to be taken back D. the patient was seriously ill

【答案】D

【解析】推理判断题。根据“...determined the worker needed medical help that couldn't be provided on site...”可知，研究站无法提供病人所需要的医疗救助。由此推测，病人的病很严重。

4. What could be the best title for the passage?

A. An interesting flight

B.A daring rescue

C. Flying to Antarctic

D. Patient receives medical care

【答案】B

【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，一架飞机战胜了极端的严寒、完全的黑暗和其他危险的飞行状况成功地救助了一位病重的工作人员。由此可知，B项作标题概括了文章的主要内容。

阅读理解（三）

Though 3-D printing technology has been available for over three decades, it has not gone mainstream as hoped because of the high cost and slow printing speed . But that may change soon , thanks to German sports-wear maker Adidas. On December 15, 2016, the company revealed Adidas 3-D Runners, stylish sports sneakers featuring a 3-D printed midsole(鞋底夹层）that provides athletes with the extra cushioning(缓冲）needed for good performance.

Unlike traditional midsoles, these are not uniform foam(泡沫橡胶）, but web-like structures with varied density to take account of the impact areas of the foot. This means that the mesh(网眼）is thicker in the hoe's front and back, both of which hit the ground hard when the athlete runs. A 3-D printed heel, put into the midsole , eliminates the need for traditional gluing .

Not surprisingly, the stylish, limited edition black training shoes that were only available for sale in New York City, London, and Tokyo and cost $333, were an instant hit and sold out within hours of their release. Though not affordable or available to the mass market , the shoes are an encouraging step in the right direction for more widespread use of the technology. Adidas is working on making additional 3-D printed gear, and as the technology develops and printing speed increases, the prices will start to head down.

Being able to offer 3-D printed shoes at a low cost has the potential to change the shoe industry as we now it today. That's because instead of having to choose from ready-made sizes, customers will be able to customize footwear so that it fits their feet perfectly. The process would also be cost-effective for the manufacturers given there is no wasted material.

While printing 3-D objects may sound complicated, the process is relatively straightforward. Once the design is downloaded to a printer, a laser creates a layer of material, usually plastic or metal. Successive layers are deposited above one another and fused together until the product is complete. The technology can be used to build everything, from shoe soles to a microwave oven. There is currently even an effort underway to make a printer that is large enough to create the cement layers required to build a house.

1.3-D printed midsoles are different from ordinary ones in that_____.

A . they are like webs with different density

B . they are made of uniform foam

C. the meshes are larger than ordinary ones

D. they are held together with glue

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Unlike traditional midsoles, these are not uniform foam, but web-like structures with varied density...”可知，3D鞋底夹层是由不同密度的网状物构成，所以选A项。

2. From the third paragraph we can infer

A. the shoes were well received

B. the shoes were relatively cheap

C. the shoes can satisfy the need of the market

D. the company can mass-produce the shoes

【答案】A

【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“..the stylish, limited edition black training shoes...were an instant hit and sold