新形势下的大学生创业融资问题及对策研究

摘要

随着我国经济的发展，涌现出越来越多的大学生构成一个群体来组团创业。在我国的经济发展中，大学生创业有着很重要的意义。若出现大量创业活动，经济的增长可以得到一个促进的作用，进而提高我国的国际竞争力和综合国力，在转变我国的经济增长方式时也是一项重要途径；而大学生进行个人自主创业对于就业压力还可以起到一定的缓解作用，使就业中的矛盾得到相应的解决。在国家和社会的发展中，创业可以起到助推器的作用，同时带动区域经济的发展，使技术得到创新，生产力水平得到提高，也有了更多的就业岗位进而解决一部分大学生的就业问题。在对社会和经济的贡献中，创业活动得到了多个国家的政府和学术的研究者的普遍认可。从上个世纪的90年代开始，中国引进了创业竞赛，进而意识到在大学生进行创业的过程中迫切需要进行相关的创业教育，全国各大高校将关于创业方面的课程和体系得到了完善。之后我国改善了创业环境，提高了创业的氛围，中国越来越多的大学生开始了创业，但是在创业的成功率方面，和发达国家相比还是略低。

业企业融资难已成为阻碍我国的大学生发展创业规模的一股阻力，可否顺利解决这一问题具有很大的重要性。一方面，它关系到大学生创业企业的健康发展，另一方面，它可以直接影响到国民经济以及既定目标的实现。本文针对大学生创业的主要融资困难，从政府及金融几个、高校、社会及创业者自身等方面分析其融资难的原因，并在此基础上，有了一定的应对措施。

关键词：大学生创业；融资；融资困难

ABSTRACT

With the development of China's economy, more and more college students are emerging. Entrepreneurship has a very important significance to the economic development of our country, to carry out a large number of business activities, not only can promote economic growth, enhance the comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness,but also has become an important way to change the economic growth mode in China; college students entrepreneurship can also ease the employment pressure, solve the contradiction of employment. Entrepreneurial activities for national and social development plays an important role in promoting entrepreneurship, promote regional economic development, to achieve technological innovation, improve the level of productivity, create more jobs and promote the employment of College students. The contribution of entrepreneurship to the society and economy has been widely recognized by governments and academic researchers in various countries. Since the introduction of the entrepreneurship competition in 90s, China has realized the importance of entrepreneurship education to college students' entrepreneurship, and each university has set up and improved the curriculum system of entrepreneurship education. As China's entrepreneurial environment has been improved, entrepreneurial atmosphere has improved, China's College Students' entrepreneurial ratio also increased, but the success rate of college students in terms of success is relatively low compared to the developed countries.

Entrepreneurial enterprises financing has become the bottleneck of China's entrepreneurial e nterprises to further development, can effectively solve this problem, not only related to the healthy development of College Students' entrepreneurial enterprises, but also directly affect the realization of the target of the national economy. In this paper the main financing difficulties of college students entrepreneurship, from several universities, government and financial, social and other aspects of the entrepreneur's own reasons for its financing, and on this basis, put forward the corresponding countermeasures.

Key words: college students entrepreneurship; financing; financing difficulties

引言 0

一、大学生创业融资问题研究现状 0

（一）相关概念的界定 0

1、创业融资的界定及特性 0

2、大学生创业融资的特点 (1)

3、融资的相关理论 (3)

（二）国内外研究现状 (4)

1、国外文献综述 (4)

2、国内文献综述 (5)

（二）我国的大学生创业融资的背景及方式 (6)

1、我国大学生创业背景 (6)

2、我国大学生创业融资的方式 (8)

二、大学生创业融资问题研究面临的问题及其原因 (11)

（一）大学生创业融资问题研究面临的问题 (11)

1、缺乏政府平台 (11)

2、缺乏正规投资渠道 (11)

3、融资存在盲目性 (11)

（一）大学生创业融资问题研究面临问题的成因 (12)

1.政府及金融机构层面 (12)

2.高校层面 (13)

3.社会层面 (14)

4.创业者层面 (14)

三、解决大学生创业融资问题的对策建议 (15)

（一）对政府及金融投资机构政策建议 (15)

1、完善创业小额贷款政策，相关部门严格政策落实执行力度 (15)

2、大力发展创业基金辅助科技型创业 (15)

3、建立科学规范的创业金融体系 (16)

（二）对高校的政策建议 (16)