最新10月全国自考基础英语试题及答案解析
全国2018年10月自学考试基础英语试题
课程代码：00088
请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上
一、词汇应用和语法结构（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分）
（一）词汇应用（15分）
选择最佳答案完成句子。
1. The current investment _____ in our country are favorable, so a lot of foreign investors have come.
A. conditions
B. weather
C. situation
D. state
2. I _____ it for granted that we should have a pay raise.
A. take
B. think
C. make
D. ask
3. This house has _____hands three times this year.
A. shaken
B. changed
C. made
D. offered
4. He can not _____ to buy such an expensive car.
A. spend
B. waste
C. afford
D. acquire
5. By _____ of taxation, we pay for things that we need just as much as we need something to eat.
A. means
B. mean
C. ways
D. method
6. He told me that he had been offered a well paid _____ abroad.
A. employment
B. work
C. service
D. job
7. We have to raise our prices because of the increase in the cost of _____ materials.
A. primitive
B. rough
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C. original
D. raw
8. Violent programs on television may have a bad _____ on children.
A. affect
B. effort
C. effect
D. control
9. A _____ is the place where ships from other countries can unload goods for trade, storage, processing, or transfer to another ship.
A. building
B. port
C. warehouse
D. storage
10. A new system of quality control was _____ to improve the firm’s products.
A. invested
B. published
C. introduced
D. displayed
11. Our manager spends a large _____ of time each day on the telephone.
A. amount
B. moment
C. period
D. number
12. When the exporter arranges shipment through a forwarding agent, the agent _____ the whole transaction.
A. handles
B. does
C. manages
D. makes
13. Our income can only _____ our expenses, so we have no extra money to have a holiday.
A. afford
B. spend
C. support
D. cover
14. When making an investment, you have to take a lot of factors into _____.
A. considering
B. account
C. accountant
D. count
15. The development of science and technology _____ a change in our life.
A. brought about
B. brought up
C. brought forward
D. brought out
(二)语法结构(15分)
选择最佳答案完成句子。
16. The city is _____ most densely populated in China.
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A. sixth
B. six
C. the six
D. the sixth
17. It _____ that a businessman is only interested in making profits.
A. is generally supposed
B. generally supposes
C. generally is supposed
D. supposed generally
18. These stripes _____ by a computer.
A. can read
B. can be read
C. read
D. is read
19. He didn’t come back _____ it was dark.
A. until
B. that
C. as soon as
D. where
20. We all know automatic machines cannot do all _____ man does.
A. when
B. if
C. what
D. that
21. The house is very nice _____.
A. living
B. live
C. to live
D. to live in
22. What he lacks is courage, _____?
A. isn’t it
B. isn’t he
C. is it
D. is he
23. The dancer and teacher who _____ giving performance now _____ my sister.
A. is, are
B. is, is
C. are, are
D. are, is
24. I have never seen such a spelling, it _____ a mistake.
A. can be
B. will be
C. need be
D. must be
25. Not until the year of 1966 _____ made the capital of this province.
A. the city was
B. when the city was
C. was the city
D. when was the city
26. This computerized system will probably save _____ of the checkout clerk’s time.
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A. as much as 45 percent
B. 45 percent as much as
C. as much 45 percent as
D. as many as 45 percent
27. As fuel price rose, bus companies raised their fares and _____.
A. so did the airlines
B. so the airlines did
C. nor did the airlines
D. nor the airlines did
28. Britain trades _____ many European countries.
A. in
B. with
C. at
D. on
29. By the end of this century, air pollution _____ a serious problem that endangers the health of the human race.
A. will have become
B. becomes
C. will become
D. has become
30. It is cheaper to throw the cars away than _____ them.
A. to repair
B. repair
C. repairing
D. repaired
二、改错(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
下面句子中有A、B、C、D四个划底线部分，其中有一个是错误的，选出错误部分的字母，无需改正错误。
31. When overall exports exceed imports, a country said to have a trade surplus.
A B C D
32. Unemployment is expected to affect an estimating twenty thousand people this year,
A B
equivalent to some three percent of the labor force.
C D
33. The police claim that their relationship with the public are getting better, but it is not true.
A B C D
34. All the people got off the train and walked toward the stairs lead to the street.
A B C D
35. Without taxation, it would be impossible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protects us.
A B C D
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36. A bank need not keep its excess reserves in it, but can use them by its discretion.
A B C D
37. At that hour of the morning, a train came into the station every a few minutes.
A B C D
38. At his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.
A B C D
39. Changes in investment spending often seem to pivotal in causing upswings or downswings in
A B C D
a modern economy.
40. Near every major city in the world provides some form of public transportation.
A B C D
三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
每空提供四个选择项，选择最佳答案填空。
In New York, there is now a school with no daily lessons, no class teachers... 41 a school building! The ‘school’is a new project. It is called ‘City-as-School’and the name means just that: the city itself is the place where 350 students, between the ages of 15 and 18,learn their lessons.
Students choose 42 of work which 43 them and then they help to do that work.. For instance, one girl spends her week in the offices of a Congresswoman—an elected official—helping the public 44 problems such as pensions, housing, etc. Then she goes to help in a theatre for a day and she spends one day a week 45 first-year courses at college.
City-as-School is six years old. The education system in New York 46 it now, as an alternative to final years at school. But can it 47 ordinary lessons? Well, students have to pass maths and science exams 48 they enter the ‘school’. These subjects are not easy to provide for in ‘City-as-School’. Teachers monitor the progress of the students. 80% to 85% of the students go to college ( or university, as it is called in Britain ) after their time at ‘City-as-School’. The 49 rate is high. And the students are enthusiastic 50 their ‘school’.They like the responsibility of their work, and the 51 of purpose it gives them.
In a big city like New York, there are enough resources for a 52 like this. But in Philadelphia, another large town in America, a similar school 53 because there wasn’t
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enough 54 of work for the students.
When the students leave ‘City-as-School’, they don’t have a normal academic education；but they do know 55 about different kinds of work in the city.
41. A. even not B. not even C. no even D. even no
42. A. areas B. regions C. respects D. aspects
43. A. interests B. interest C. interested D. interesting
44. A. to B. with C. about D. on
45. A. taking B. to take C. take D. takes
46. A. admits B. receives C. accepts D. agrees
47. A. supplement B. take place C. replace D. take place of
48. A. before B. until C. unless D. after
49. A. successful B. failure C. success D. successive
50. A. at B. about C. in D. to
51. A. sense B. sensibility C. sensitivity D. sensing
52. A. class B. project C. building D. town
53. A. opened B. closed C. developed D. boomed
54. A. range B. lot C. kind D. variety
55. A. a lot B. a lot of C. lots of D. lot
四、阅读理解(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)
本部分有两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题，每个问题有四个供选择的答案。请选择一个最佳答案。
Passage 1
Nowadays, a standard for measuring power has changed. These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power. No longer will a nation’s political influence be based solely on the strength of its military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary measure of power. But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. It’s often said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard of power and influence that is evolving now place more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic market of the world.
America must recognize this new course of events. Our success in shaping world events
6
over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess(威力）over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership.
The competitiveness of America’s industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society—government, industry, and education. That is not to say that the Defense Department will not be a strong force in the process because we will. But we simply cannot be, nor should we be, looked upon by others as the savior of American industry.
56. Now a nation’s political influence depends on _____.
A. the strength of its military forces
B. its ability to compete industry
C. economic markets
D. both A and B
57. The Soviet Union was not listed as a third world nation just because of_____.
A. its powerful military forces
B. its vast land
C. its industrial competitiveness
D. its contributions to world peace
58. The author indicates that _____ is threatening American political power.
A. other countries
B. the declining U.S. industrial base
C. a new standard for measuring power
D. less advanced technology
59. America succeeded in shaping world events over the past 40 years probably because of _____.
A. its ability to adapt to technology
B. its ability to take advantage of the capability of its people
C. its ability to compete in the world market
D. both A and B
60. The purpose of writing this article is _____.
A. to draw the reader’s attention to a new standard for measuring power
B. to demonstrate American political influence in the world
C. to emphasize that efforts must be made to strengthen the declining U.S. industrial base
D. to show American industrial prowess
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Passage 2
Television carries more national advertising than any other in the United States. The same is true in some smaller countries such as Spain and Portugal, where it is the only medium reaching a general national audience. In many countries—Sweden and Denmark, for example, the state-owned television, accepts no advertising. In many other countries the amount of commercial time is extremely limited, as in France, Germany, and Italy. Soviet state-owned television began accepting a limited amount of advertising in 1988.
The chief reason for the popularity of television among United States advertisers is that it reaches a vast number of people at the same time. While it can cost well over 100,000 dollars, a 30-second commercial on network television can be seen and heard by as many as 25 million viewers. For manufacturers who must make prospects aware of their products and convince them of its benefits immediately, there is nothing as efficient as television advertising.
Because it employs motion as well as words, graphics, sound, and music, television is a valuable medium for products that lend themselves to demonstration. No other medium is as effective in showing how quickly an automobile can accelerate or how well a brand of wristwatch will stand up under abuse and continue to run. Similarly, it is an ideal medium for conveying a mood or an emotional benefit for products such as long-distance telephone calls.
61. Which medium carries the most national advertising in Spain?
A. Radio.
B. Newspaper.
C. Television.
D. Internet.
62. State-owned television accepts ads in the following countries except _____.
A. Portugal
B. Sweden
C. France
D. Italy
63. To manufacturers, TV advertising is the most efficient way to promote sales because _____.
A. TV can make advertisers aware of their products
B. it can convince people of the quality of their products
C. TV covers a large audience at the same time
D. it can be seen and heard by over 25 million local viewers
64. The word “commercial”in the 2nd paragraph means _____.
A. advertisement
B. business
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C. notice
D. motion picture
65. The writer of this passage is _____ about the benefits of TV advertising.
A. optimistic
B. unconcerned
C. enthusiastic
D. positive
五、单词或短语的英汉互译(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
(一)将下列词语译成中文（5分）
66. better quality products at good values
67. an income tax
68. the supply and demand apparatus
69. cable ad revenues
70. coinage
(二)将下列词语译成英文（5分）
71. 无形贸易
72. 纯自由贸易
73. 资本与产出比率
74. 批量生产
75.货币市场
六、英汉句子互译(本大题共4小题，共15分)
(一)将下列句子译成中文(8分)
76. Foreign customers purchased a rising proportion of Japanese goods because these represented good buys in terms of price and quality. (4 分)
77. They persuade the purchaser to buy something for emotional, not rational motives. (4分)
(二)将下列句子译成英文(7分)
78.总的来说，“无形”贸易的收入超过“有形”贸易的差额。(4分)
79.他认为创新进步的引进和吸收是现代经济大波动的主要原因。(3分)
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1月全国自考英语写作基础试题及答案解析
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