美国文化考试试题

美国文化考试试题
美国文化考试试题

American Culture

Which above concept describes these scenarios the best?

1. A policeman has just pulled over a older man for driving too fast.

Police "Do you know why I pulled you over?"

Older man "No. What's did I do wrong?"

Police "You were driving 65 in a 45 zone. That's a 200 dollar fine."

Older Man "Well that is a problem. I am a good friend to the police chief and I guess

I will need to mention this to him. What did you say your name was?"

Police "Actually, I have decided not to give you a speeding ticket this time. Just

a warning. Well, have a nice day."

Answer __________

2. A Wal-mart employee observes one of their close friends who is also an employee steal

an item from the store. He goes to his superior to report the incident.

Employee "I saw John steal a bag of chips today."

Superior "Thank you, I will deal with him."

Answer__________

3.Mac "John, I have fallen in love with Mary from class one. But there is a

problem."

John "What problem?

Mac "My parents don't want us to get to date. They tell me that I need to

focus on my school work."

John "So what are you going to do?"

Mac "There is nothing I can do except to listen to them."

Answer__________

4.Peggy "I have a dream to be a airplane pilot."

Andrea "Awesome! Perhaps you should dream even bigger! Why not become

an space pilot?"

Peggy "I like the sound of that."

Answer__________

5.Nora "I won a footrace today."

Lori "Nice! Did you win?"

Nora "I tried my very best and won by a mile. Everyone else was way behind me."

Lori "Did you feel bad by making the others look bad?

Nora "Of course not, I just did my personal best."

Answer__________

6.Tom "Hey, Steven do you want to come over to my house?"

Steven "I feel like I would be bothering you."

Tom "No, you wouldn't. I am planning a big meal."

Steven "No I couldn't. I would feel too embarrassed."

Tom "I really want you to come."

Steven "Alright, I guess I can come."

Answer__________

7.Billy "Hey Steven do you want to come over to my house?"

Steven "Sure! I'll come over."

Answer__________

8.The student was walking to the library. He was getting ready to study for a very

difficult exam. His exam was the next morning. Suddenly, the phone rang.

Student "Hello?"

Teacher "Hello, this is your professor."

Student "Oh, hi professor!"

Teacher "Are you available to help me with a project tonight? We are having

guests come to our university. If you can help, all the guests, professors,

and students will be grateful!"

Student "Of course! I will help!"

Answer__________

Multiple Choice: Please choose the best answer.

1. What is the date of Valentine's day?

a. January 21st

b. February 14th

c. September 25th

d. Changes year to year

2. A place where you learn a trade/ occupation is

a. Community College

b. Mechanical school

c. Technical school

d. West Point

3. What time do many American University students need to be in their dorms?

a. 11pm

b. 12am (midnight)

c. 2am

d. no curfew

4. Going through an intermediary represents which concept?

a. Indirect communication

b. Direct communication

c. Collectivism

d. Egalitarianism

5. "Shoot it straight with me." Describes which concept?

a. Universalism

b. Individualism

c. Direct communication

d. Particularism

Short Answer (Choose 4 of 6) Between 50-100 words. Please write in complete sentences. A. Explain the difference between the popular culture way of celebrating Christmas and the traditional Christian way of celebrating Christmas.

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ B. Explain the concept of Particularism and how it differs from the American way of thinking.

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

C. Explain what the stereotypes of nerds, geeks, cheerleaders, and punks are.

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ D. Write 3 positives and 3 negatives about sending your child to a private school.

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ E. What does it mean to go "Trick or Treating?" Make sure you include the holiday name and date.

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ F. Describe the many the activities that are available to the American College student.

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________

Essay Questions (Choose 2 of 4 (A, B, or C)). Should be between 200-300 words in length. Please write in complete sentences:

A. After you graduate high school you have many options on what to do with your life. Explain each of these options are and why might a person choose to do this.

B. Choose to explain one of the two songs that we listened to in class (Shoot for the Moon so you can land on the Stars by Jin or Love Story by Taylor Swift.) What does it say about American culture?

C. Write an essay on the American Holiday of Easter. Please include the history behind the

holiday, and tell how it is celebrated in America in both the popular culture way and the

traditional Christian way.

D. Compare and Contrast Chinese and American cultural outlooks on life. Please include

Achieved vs. Ascribed Status and a discussion on the different Locus of controls.

美国文学试题库

美国文学试题库 注:试题库内容仅作为学习参考使用,并不代表考试内容。任何一道题均可能变化为其它形式的试题。 1. Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more_____________. A. rational B. humorous C. optimistic D. pessimistic 2.The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thought and the influence of the nineteenth-century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to yet another school of realism: American___________ . A. local colorism B. vernacularism C. modernism D. naturalism 3. ____________were idealists, believing the church should be restored to complete “purity” and dreaming that they would build the new land to an Eden on earth. A. Calvinists B. Puritans C. Romanticists D. Transcendentalists 4. All of the following are the features of Puritans EXCEPT _____. A. wanting to make pure their religious beliefs and practices

2018年自学考试《美国文学选读》试题

2018年自学考试《美国文学选读》试题 Multiple choice; 1._________ works are marked by a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil. A.Emerson’s B. Hawthorne’s C. Thoreau’s D. Allan Poe’s 2. Irving’s “Rip Van Winkle”got ideas from _______ legends. A.B ritish B. German C. Italian D. French 3. “Rip Van Winkle”reveals the theme of ______ the past. A. nostalgia for B. rejectionn to C. detachment from D. dislike for 4. In Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter , “A”may stand for ____________. A. Angel B. Adultery C. Able D.all the above 4. According to Hawthorne, the scarlet letter “A”which originally stood for “____”finally obtained the meaning of “able”or “angel”through Hester’s efforts. A. adultery B. arrogance C. accomplishment D. agony 5. Which one is not the characteristics of the puritan style? A. Fresh B. Simple C. Grand D. Direct 6. In his ______, Benjamin Franklin creates the image of a boy’s rise from rags to riches and demonstrates his belief that the new world America was a land of opportunities which might be met through hard work and wise management.

美国文化论文

北京邮电大学世纪学院 学期论文 题目美国总统选举制度分析论文学号 13010401 学生姓名刘昊 专业名称通信工程 所在系通信与信息工程 2016年 6月 1 日

题目:美国总统选举制度分析论文 摘要: 随着我国民主法治建设的不断推进,以及我国社会主义法律体系的不断完善,目前我国在推动民主化进程中取得了举世瞩目的成就,这是结合中国特色的社会主义道路所取得的民主化进程,同时也符合党的十八大报告中所提出的“走中国特色的民主化道路”的基本要求。但对于西方国家在选举过程中的有益经验,我们也同样要加以借鉴和吸取,美国作为世界上最大的民主化国家,其选举制度拥有二百多年的历史,其取得了成就同样值得我们借鉴,我们在民主化进程中要吸引和借鉴世界所有其他国家的先进经验和有益做法。 本文通过运用文献资料法、历史研究法以及对比分析等研究方法,对美国的总统选举制度的发展史进行了探讨和分析,尤其是对其变迁进行了深入和细致的探讨,希望从中能够找到为中国特色社会主义民主化道路所借鉴的有益做法。 关键词:总统选举;制度,发展史;弊端 Abstract: With the advancement of democratic rule of law construction in China, as well as the continuous improvement of the socialist legal system in our country, at present our country in the process of promoting democratization has made remarkable achievements, which is the combination of the socialist road with Chinese characteristics of the democratization process, but also in line with the party's eighteen big report proposed "democratization road with Chinese characteristics" of the basic requirements. But for the western countries the beneficial experience in the process of the election, we also want to draw lessons from and absorbing, the United States as the world's largest democracy,

美国文学选读试题

美国文学史及作品选读模拟试题一 ) '×15=15I.Multiple Choice (1'______was the first colony in American history. C1. D.Georgia C. Virginia A. Massachusetts B. New Jersey War. the before Revolutionary only good American author 2. _B_____ was the

One “His shadow lies heavier than any other man's on of his fellow Americans said, this young nation.”D.Thomas Paine B. Benjamin Franklin C. Thomas Jefferson A. John Smith 3. Romantics put emphasis on the following EXCEPT __A____. D. individualism C. intuition B. imagination A. common sense The Raven was written in 1844 by __B______ 4. B. Edgar Allan Poe A. Philip Freneau D. Emily Dickinson C. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 5. The ship __C____ carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days to beat its way across the Atlantic. In December of 1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts. D. Titanic C. Mayflower B. Armada A. Sunflower D____ is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in 6. Melville's novel __ pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale. Moby Dick D. C. White Jacket A. Typee B. Omoo 7. As a philosophical and literary movement, __D____ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War. D.Transcendentalism C.Sentimentalism B.Rationalism A.Modernism 8. The theme of original sin is fully reflected in ___A______. B. Sister Carrie A. The Scarlet Letter The Old Man and Sea D. C. The Great Gatsby 9. In all his novels Theodore Dreiser sets himself to project the ___B___ American values. For example, in Sister Carrie, there is not one character whose status is not determined economically. 页1 第 A. Puritan B. materialistic C. psychological D. religious 10. Realism was a reaction against____B__ or a move away from the bias towards

美国国家文化概况论文

Cultural differences between China and America The Culture of the United States is a Western culture originally influenced by European cultures. It has been developing since long before the United States became a country with its own unique social and cultural characteristics .Today, the United States of America is an ethnically and racially diverse country as a result of large-scale immigration from many different countries throughout its history. Chinese culture is the respect of East land. Chinese culture have a long history ,and it is very different from American . The part of social different. If you are in China , it is not rare to see that a crowded of people throng in the supermarket, trying to get service first. People in China do line up the scholar said in a humorous tone , but they prefer to line up at a horizontal way. In contrast , in western countries , say in American ,people always line up ,no matter in a big bank or a small store .And they take it for granted. Lining up has long since become part of their life that they scarcely doubt it or grow impatient while doing it. The food different .Most Chinese families are used to buying fresh food every day while Americans like to buy from supermarket a large bag onetime then eat cold food everyday. Chinese people use chopsticks to eat while American people use folks and knives. when the guest come ,Chinese will make a cup of hot tea, tea can reduce blood cholesterol.on the contrary, American people like drinking coffee, but it is possible to increase blood fat and stimulation to the heart.American breakfast food mainly includes Bread, milk or dairy products, meat, vegetables and fruits. Chinese breakfast Consists of vegetables, steamed buns, pancakes, congee , eggs milk, bean products .After dinner, Chinese people love to eat fruit,while Americans often add a s weetmeat. The difference in education. China's education pays great attention to the accumulating knowledge infusion, raise students' knowledge and authority to the knowledge of the respect and inheriting and knowledge system construction. Americans are paying more attention to train students to use the knowledge, pay attention to cultivating students' practical ability of knowledge and authoritative question, the critical spirit and to expand and create knowledge. These two kinds of education expressed the different attitudes: treat knowledge of Chinese education is static and dynamic differences between the United States, this move a static reflecting differences of two countries knowledge view.

美国文学自测题及参考答案

美国文学自测题及参考答案I Directions: In this part of the test, there are 9 items and 10 blanks. Fill in the best answer on the Answer Sheet according to the knowledge you have learned. 1.The first American literature was neither ____ nor really ____. 2.Of the immigrants who came to America in the first three quarters of the seventeenth century, the overwhelming majority was _____. 3.The English immigrants who settled on America’s northern seacoast were called _____, so named after those who wished to “purify” the Church of England. 4.Washington Irving, the Father of American literature, developed the _____ as a genre in American literature. 5.Franklin’s best writing is found in his masterpiece _____. 6.The most outstanding poet in America of the 18th century was _____. 7.In the early 19th century, “Rip Van Winkle”had established _____’s reputation at home and abroad, and designated the beginning of American Romanticism. 8._____ has sometimes been considered the father of the modern short story. 9.In 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne brought out his masterpiece _____, the story of a triangular love affair in colonial America. Directions: In this part of the test, there are twenty items. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 1. The Colonial Period of American literature stretched roughly from

(完整word版)《美国文学选读》课程标准

《美国文学选读》课程标准 一、课程性质与任务 美国文学选读是英语专业高年级的选修课。它与英美文学史密切结合,使学生在接触到浩繁的文学作品的同时,可以对繁杂的文学现象加以整理和梳理,并形成自己阅读文学作品的习惯,开阔视野,在学习过程中把握正确的理解文学作品的方法。美国文学选读通过向学生介绍文学作品及其作品创作的历史文化背景,培养学生阅读文学作品的兴趣,增强语感,增进学生对美国社会、历史、文化以及生活习俗的了解,提高他们对西方文学的欣赏能力及批评能力。 二、课程教学目标 1.知识目标 1)文学知识:通过本课程的学习,学生应深入、直观地理解各个时期的美国文学作品,把握其思想、语言及创作技巧上的特点;另外,还应对美国的文学评论流变具备相对清晰的认识。 2)语言知识:本课程是通过介绍不同文体的文学作品,深化学生对英语语言的认知、理解和应用的能力。并通过对不同时期英语原文资料的阅读和解析,以一种更加直观的方式了解这门语言的发展。 2.能力目标 1)文学作品鉴赏能力:通过作者作品的讲解,学生可以对作品的社会历史价值和艺术价值进行评价,培养并提高自我的鉴赏能力; 2)语言表达能力:通过课堂和课下阅读及评价任务的完成,学生的口头和书面表达能力能够得到全面的提高; 3)思辩能力:课上小组讨论环节和presentation环节能够激发学生的思辩能力,助其开拓思路,同时也为以后对英语的有效使用打下基础。 3.素质目标 1)文学文化修养:本课程作为英语专业高年级学生的素养课,旨在培养学生对美国文学及文化的理解,可以使学生以直观的方式全面接触这种语言和文化,并形成独立的开放的文化观,进一步强化其跨文化意识; 2)基本的研究素质:本课程通过对文学评论的介绍和讲解向学生传授文学鉴赏的不同视角,可使其具备基本的文学研究素质; 3)文学翻译的基础:本课程通过对文学作品的细读向学生介绍文字背后的人文、历史、政治、哲学及美学等因素,可为文学翻译课程提供较好的材料,并做好前期准备。 三、课程基本信息和内容要求

美国文学作家以及作品总汇

美国文学部分(American Literature) 一.独立革命前后的文学(The Literature Around the Revolution of Independence) 1.本章考核知识点和考核要求: 1).殖民地时期的文学的特点 2).主要的作家、其概况及其代表作品 2.独立革命前后时期的主要作家 本杰明·富兰克林Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林,散文家、科学家、社会活动家,曾参与起草―独立宣言。 《穷查理历书》Poor Richard’s Almanack 《致富之道》The Way to Wealth 《自传》The Autobiography 托马斯·潘恩Thomas Paine托马斯·潘恩,散文家、政治家、报刊撰稿人。 《税务员问题》The Case of the Officers of Excise 《常识》Common Sense 《美国危机》American Crisis 《人的权利》Rights of Man 《专制体制的崩溃》Downfall of Despotism 《理性时代》The Age of Reason 菲利普·弗伦诺Philip Freneau菲利普·弗伦诺,著名的―革命诗人‖。 《蒸蒸日上的美洲》―The Rising Glory of America‖

《英国囚船》―The British Prison Ship‖ 《纪念美国勇士》同类诗中最佳―To the Memory of the Brave Americans‖ 《野生的金银花》―The Wild Honeysuckle‖ 《印第安人殡葬地》―The Indian Burying Ground‖ 1二.美国浪漫主义文学(American Romanticism) 1.本章考核知识点和考核要求: 1).美国浪漫主义文学产生的社会历史及文化背景 2).主要作家的创作思想、艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画和语言风格 3).清教主义、超验主义、象征主义、自由诗等名词的解释 2.美国浪漫主义时期的主要作家 华盛顿·欧文Washington Irving华盛顿·欧文,美国著名小说家,被称为―美国文学之父‖.《瑞普·凡·温可尔》Rip Van Winkle 《纽约外史》A History of New York 《见闻札记》The Sketch Book 《睡谷的传说》The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀开创了以《皮裹腿故事集》为代表的边疆传奇小说,其中最为重要的一部是《最后的莫西干人》。 《皮裹腿故事集》Leatherstocking Tales 《间谍》The Spy 《领航者》The Pilot

美国价值观与中国传统文化元素的融合与冲突毕业论文

美国价值观与中国传统文化元素的融合与冲突毕业论文 Contents Acknowledgments Abstract................................................ I 摘要................................................... I I Contents.............................................. III I Introduction (1) 1.1 The Synopsis of Mulan (1) 1.2 The Synopsis of Kung Fu Panda (2) II the Compatibility of American Values and Chinese Elements (3) 2.1 The characters (3) 2.2 Scenery, Architecture and other Details (4) 2.3 Martial Arts (5) 2.4 Chinese Philosophy (6) III. Conflicts of American Values and Chinese Elements (9) 3.1 Conservatism VS Free Spirit (9) 3.2 Family Priority& Individualism (10) IV. Conclusion (12) 4.1 General Summary of the Study (12) Bibliography (14)

美国文学期末考试试卷

2012-2013学年第二学期 《美国文学》期末考试试卷(A卷) 专业:英语年级:2010级考试方式:闭卷学分:2 考试时间:110分钟 I.Multiple Choices(每小题 1分,共20分) Directions: Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question. II.Explain the Following Literary Terms Briefly (每小题7分,共14分) Directions: Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet. Local Colorism Transcendentalism III.Identification of Fragments (每小题7分,共21分) Directions: Please give the name of the author and the title of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly comment on it in English. Please write down the answers on the Answer Sheet. 23. “…That?s right.? He said; …I?m no good now. I was all right. I had money. I?m going to quit this,? and, with death in his heart, he started down toward the Bowery. People had turned on the gas before and died; why shouldn?t he? He remembered a lodging house where there were little, close rooms, with gas-jet in them, almost pre-arranged, he thought, for what he wanted to do, which rented for fifteen cents. Then he remembered that he had no fifteen cents.” 25. “Her skeleton was small and spare; perhaps that was why that would have been merely plumpness in another was obesity in her. She looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue. 24. “…Mr. Gatz, I thought you might want to take the body West.?

2019宁波大学英美文学考试大纲

2019年宁波大学硕士研究生招生考试复试科目考试大纲 科目名称: 英美文学 一、考试形式与试卷结构 (一)试卷满分及考试时间 本试卷满分为100分,考试时间为180分钟。 (二)答题方式 答题方式为闭卷、笔试。 (三)试卷题型结构 1.作家作品辨识 2.名词解释 2. 简答题 3. 作品赏析与批评 二、考查目标(复习要求) 《英美文学》是一门专业方向课程,涉及英美文学作家作品、文学流派、文学批评方法等内容。要求掌握英美文学史的代表性作家及其作品,了解作家的基本创作思想,对英美文学史的思潮和流派有较好的把握,熟悉关于文学知识的基本概念,能够运用一定的文学批评方法分析文学作品。 三、考试内容概要 英国文学:了解英国文学史各时期的主要作家作品及其创作思想,重点了解文艺复兴时期的戏剧和诗歌、17世纪的英国诗歌、18世纪的小说创作、英国浪漫主义诗歌、19世纪英国现实主义作家作品、20世纪英国现代主义和后现代主义文学等。关注以下重要作家:Geoffrey Chaucer 、William Shakespeare 、Francis Bacon 、John Donne 、Daniel Defoe Jonathan Swift 、William Blake 、Robert Burns、William Wordsworth、Samuel Taylor Coleridge、Jane Austen、George Gordon Byron 、Percy Bysshe Shelley 、John Keats 、Charlotte Bronte 、Charles Dickens 、Alfred Tennyson 、Robert Browning 、Matthew Arnold 、Thomas Hardy Oscar Wilde 、George Bernard Shaw 、Joseph Conrad 、T.S.Eliot 、William Butler Yeats 、Virginia Woolf 、James Joyce, https://www.360docs.net/doc/6417687470.html,wrence、 E.M.Forster 、William Golding 、Doris Lessing 、John Fowles 、Dylan Thomas 、Philip Larkin 、Ted

20世纪美国文学的特点

20世纪的美国文学,堪称美国文学史上的“黄金时期”,同时也可以说是又一次“文艺复兴”。这一时期,现实主义、自然主义和现代主义形成了多元并存的局面,促进了现代美国文学的空前繁荣。 ==小说== 这一时期的小说创作主旨虽然是现实主义,但不同的作家在创作实践中却呈现出各自的特色。这一时期的小说创作有几种倾向: 1、两种现实主义小说。在这方面的主要代表是亨利·詹姆斯,他的创作继承了19世纪的高雅“现实主义”传统,擅长描写美国东部有闲阶级男女的心理。他作品描写的民主思想浓厚、独立性强、天真无邪、不拘虚礼但又有些我行我素的美国上层妇女形象,始终被看成是美国文化产物的典型。与这种创作倾向截然相反的是乡土小说和反映农民心声的作品。这方面比较有影响的作家哈姆林·加兰。 2、乡土作家和幽默小说。这方面的代表性作家是欧·亨利。他的短篇小说篇幅不长,以情节取胜,一般以写小市民生活为主,充满了蕴含同情的幽默和恢谐之特色。尤其是那些出人意料的结尾和“情理之中、意料之外”的谋篇布局手法更每每令读者拍案叫绝。 3、“黑幕揭发者”与厄普顿·辛克莱。从19世纪90年代开始,一批以揭露资本家穷奢极欲和政府丑闻为主要内容的暴露文学曾一度发展到高峰。其中以厄普顿·辛克莱的《屠场》最有影响。 4、自然主义和现实主义的交织。这一时期美国文学的一个重要成就在于出现了一批既具有现实主义倾向同时又受到欧洲自然主义哲学和文学思潮影响的作家。他们所描写的往往是一些没有文化、出身贫寒的下层人民和社会渣滓。第一部显示出决定论哲学倾向的作品是斯蒂芬·克莱斯的中篇小说《街头妇女郎梅季》。 杰克·伦敦参加过美国的社会主义运动,曾有“美国无产阶级文学之父”之称。实际上,他同时受到马克思主义、尼采的超人哲学和斯宾塞的社会达尔文主义的影响,这些均反映在他的主要长短篇小说中。他的写作风格粗犷而刚健有力,人物性格常常在激烈的矛盾冲突中得到展示。 西奥多·德莱塞(代表作《嘉莉妹妹》、《美国的悲剧》)运用巴尔扎克写典型、写细节的手法,成功地再现出他那个时代大城市中的社会生活和典型人物,场面比较广阔,含义比较深刻。他虽然揭露了资产阶级社会中尔虞我诈、弱肉强食的现象,但是又塑造了一批随波逐流、任性纵欲的主人公。但是他常常因为写作风格的滞重和句段的冗长而受到批评。 辛克莱·刘易斯是美国第一个获得诺贝尔文学的小说家。他的小说多以讽刺手法揭露美国资产阶级社会中的丑恶现象和矛盾。作为美国中产阶级的代言人,他的视野从未超越中产阶级。他的作品虽然从某些侧面揭露示了资产阶级社会中的矛盾,和社会的黑暗,但总的来说,缺乏一定的深度。

美国文化论文

美国文化期中作业 浅谈美国文化中的个人主义 摘要: 美国文化的特点很多,集中体现在文学、绘画、建筑、电影等方面,其核心的便是个人主义,个人主义体现在人们的日常行为、文化语言、教育婚姻、竞技电影等方面。美国文化有精华,亦存在糟粕,那么我们在面对美国文化的时候应该批判的吸收,从而使我们国家的传统文化得以继承与发展。 关键词:美国文化、个人主义、批判的吸收 美国文化的特点体现在各个方面,如:文学、绘画、建筑、雕塑、舞蹈、电影……我在这里就美国文化中的个人主义进行浅析。 所谓个人主义,一般来说有广义和狭义之分。广义的个人主义,是泛指西方从文艺复兴以来,随着资本主义生产关系的发展,随着反封建压迫和神权统治的斗争而形成的以个人为中心的思想。狭义的个人主义,主要是指个人主义这一概念出现以后的个人主义思想体系及其理论,它是一种典型的西方资本主义政治和社会哲学,其主要内容是相信每个人都具有价值,高度重视个人自由,强调个人的自我支配、自我控制、自我发展,是以个人为本位的人生哲学 美国文化的主要内容是强调个人价值,追求民主自由,崇尚开拓和竞争,讲求理性和实用,其核心是个人中心主义。美国公众注重成就,仰慕英雄,有深厚的成就崇拜和英雄崇拜的心理积淀。个人成就是所有美国人价值观中评价最高的价值之一。美国人有很强的成就(或成功)意识。成功是所有美国人的追求,是诱人的前景,前进的动力。他们坚信,一个人的价值就等于他在事业上的成就。一些事业有成的企业家、科学家、艺术家和各类明星,成了新时代的英雄。他们个人奋斗的过程和结果,成了社会文化价值取向的参照系,父母教育子女的活教材。 个人主义体现在美国人的日常行为中。强调每个人作为个体,每个人都有他的自然权利,平等和自由。在美国,个人的隐私权是受到尊重和保护的。而那些对年龄、婚恋、宗教信仰、经济状况等有关方面的问题,美国人认为是隐私性问题,通常采取回避的态度。个人主义强调对个人私生活的保护和尊重,不允许对之进行刺探、干涉和侵扰。若一个人出于获利、好奇或恶意的动机而侵犯别人的隐私权,要受到惩罚。美国人如果对别人的私事爱讲闲话,不仅没有好处,有时还会卷入民事诉讼中去。崇尚自由、张扬个性的观念对美国人的生活态度影响颇深,从其着装便能得知一二:美国人的服装观念是自由的、个性化的,衣服不是显示生活地位的标尺,而是展现个性的方式。每个人都可根据自己的喜好选择服装的颜色和样式,穿衣打扮自行其事,随心所欲。 个人主义体现在美国人的文化语言中。语言与文化的关系是相互关联、相互依存的。首先,语言反映了文化。其次,文化支配着语言,即不同民族的文化结构会导致各民族语言之间的差异。谚语是与文化关系最为密切的语言形式之一,最能反映—个民族的价值观,是一

大四美国文学期末考试题型及例题

大四美国文学期末考试题型及例题: 1.选择/对错 60分(40道选择, 20个对错) 2.名词解释 10分(5个) 3.选段配对 10分(5个) 4.问答 20分(10/2) 1.历史:Father / poetess… 2. 名作家:Hemingway, Faulkner, Poe, Hawthorne, Emerson 3.作品:The Wasteland/Moby Dick/Scarlet Letter 选择题(40个,40分) 1. At the age of reason and revolution, Americans were influenced by the European movement called the ________. A. Chartist Movement B. Romanticist Movement C. Enlightenment Movement D. Modernist Movement 2. Which is NOT connected to Benjamin Franklin ________ A. He was born in a poor family. B. He was a pious puritan. C. He was phrased as “Jack of all trades”. D. He was a master of diplomacy. 3. Ernest Hemingway is noted for the following EXCEPT ________. A. Lost Generation B. Iceberg theory

(全新整理)7月自考浙江省美国文学选读试题及答案解析

浙江省2018年7月高等教育自学考试 美国文学选读试题 课程代码:10055 Part Ⅰ: Choose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A. (10 points in all, 1 point for each) Group 1 Column A Column B ( ) 1. F. S Fitzgerald a. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer ( ) 2. Henry David Thoreau b. An American Tragedy ( ) 3. Theodore Dreiser c. The Portrait of a Lady ( ) 4. Henry James d. Walden ( ) 5. Mark Twain e. This Side of Paradise Group 2 Column A Column B ( ) 1. Huck a. A Rose for Emily ( ) 2. Carrie Meeber b. The Hairy Ape ( ) 3. Yank c. The Great Gatsby ( ) 4. Nick Carraway d. Sister Carrie ( ) 5. Emily Grierson e. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Part Ⅱ: Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternatives. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. (50 points in all, 2 points for each) 1. Romanticism appeared as a literary trend against _____.【】 A. rationality B. imagination C. intuition D. individualism 2. The famous 20 years in Rip Van Winkle helps to construct the story in such a way that we are greatly affected by Irving’s _____.【】 A. concern with the passage of time B. expression of transient beauty 1

美国文学史考点整理

美国文学研究 一、作者及其主要作品 梭罗《瓦尔登,或林中生活》 霍桑《红字》短篇小说如《教长的黑面纱》《小伙子布朗》等 麦尔维尔《白鲸》 爱伦·坡《怪诞故事集》 惠特曼《草叶集》 亨利·詹姆斯《一位女士的画像》 马克·吐温《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》《神秘的陌生人》 德莱塞《美国的悲剧》 杰克·伦敦《马丁·伊登》、《野性的呼唤》、《海狼》、《白牙》 T·S·艾略特《荒原》(诗歌) 菲茨杰拉德《了不起的盖茨比》 海明威《太阳照常升起》 福克纳《喧哗与骚动》 尤今·奥尼尔《毛猿》《琼斯皇》《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》(戏剧)斯坦贝克《愤怒的葡萄》 索尔·贝娄《洪堡的礼物》、《挂起来的人》 诺曼·梅勒《裸者与死者》 塞林格《麦田里的守望者》 厄普代克《兔子,跑吧》(“兔子四部曲”) 海勒《第二十二条军规》 纳博科夫《洛丽塔》 凯鲁亚克《在路上》 威廉斯《玻璃动物园》(戏剧) 米勒《推销员之死》(戏剧) 拉尔夫·埃里森《看不见的人》 托尼·莫里森《所罗门之歌》 爱丽丝·沃克《紫色》 谭恩美《喜福会》 独立战争前后的文学 富兰克林《自传》《穷查理历书》《致富之路》 托马斯·潘恩《常识》《人的权利》《理性的时代》 托马斯·杰弗逊《独立宣言》 克里夫古尔《一个美国农夫的信》

弗瑞诺《野忍冬花》《印第安人墓地》《纪念英勇的美国人》 查尔斯·布罗克丹·布朗《韦兰德》 二、简答题+论述题 1.美国文学的诞生及一般特色 1)历史背景:1775-81年的北美独立战争;1783年美利坚合众国的成 立;1861-65年的南北战争。独立战争以后,特别是进入19世纪之 后,独立的美国文学开始诞生。 2)美国文学的一般特色: A.早期人少地多,为个人理想的实现提供了很大的空间和可能性, 因此美国文学富于民主自由精神,个人主义、个性解放的观念 较为强烈; B.这是一个由各国移民组成的国家,所以文学的内容、思想倾向和 艺术风格都呈现出多样性、庞杂性; C.许多作家直接来自社会下层,使得文学的生活气息浓郁,平民色 彩鲜明,具有开朗、豪放的特点; D.由于美国作家的敏感、好奇,使得美国文学浪潮迭起,日新月异, 瞬息万变。 3)它是一种个人主义和冒险精神的文学,一种扩张和探索的文学,一 种种族冲突和帝国征服的文学,一种大规模移民和种族关系紧张的 文学,一种资产阶级家庭生活和个人自由与社会限制不断斗争的文 学······最后,这是一种始终由于有关身份的双重焦点而著称的文 学:一方面它把这个国家奉为未来的土地,“明天之国”,试图制造 一种关于“美国”的救世神话;另一方面它又进行自我折磨,对于 身为“美国人”意味着什么怀着一种极其痛苦的焦虑。 ——《剑桥美国文学史》2.浪漫主义时期的美国文学 1)浪漫主义产生的背景: A.独立战争的胜利、美国的独立发展 B.欧洲浪漫主义运动的盛行 C.美国大陆新的自然和社会风貌 2)前后两代浪漫主义: 前期:以纽约为根据地的作家,如欧文、库柏 后期:以波士顿为中心的新英格兰文化圈 3.早期浪漫主义文学(30年代以前)

相关文档
最新文档