语法与词汇

3.2 常见语法考核项目(带*项为正确答案)

2.3.2.1句式

2.3.2.1.1反意问句

1. He's a student, isn't he?. You're also a student, ____-

(a) You are (b) Are you (c) Aren’t you* (d) You

2. Don’t forget to do your homework, ______?

a. would you

b. can you

c. do you

d. will you*

2.3.2.1.2特殊问句

1.I speak Chinese. What language _______?

a. you speak

b. do you speak*

c. speak you

d. does you

speak

2.Why _______ to my birthday party?

a. you not come

b. not you come

c. didn’t you come*

d. came you not

2.3.3.2时态

2.3.2.2.1一般现在时

1.Dinner will be ready when David ____ home.

a. will get

b. gets at

c. gets*

d. shall get

2.3.2.2.2一般过去时

1.I was doing my homework when you _____.

a. was phoning

b. phoned*

c. were phoning

d. did phone

2．The book ____ in 1936.

a. was written*

b. is written

c. has written

d. wrote

(He ___ a book last year. I don’t know whether he has finished with it or not?

a. wrote

b. was writing*

c. has written

d. had written

2.3.2.2.3现在完成时

1.John ______ the tickets and now he wants the money.

a. already brought

b. has already buy

c. has already bought*

d. will

already by

2. He ____ with Smith at least four times in the past three years.

a. has been seen to meet*

b. was seen to meet

c. had been seen meeting

d. is seen meeting

2.3.2.2.4 现在完成进行时

1．Where have you been ? We ______ for you for nearly an hour!

a. have been waiting *

b. were waiting

c. waited

d. had been waiting

2.3.2.2.5将来完成时

1.By 10.30 tomorrow morning I _____ Sydney for Hong Kong.

a. will left

b. am leaving

c. leave

d. will have left*

2.By the end of next year, they _____ three modern hotels there.

a. will build

b. will be building

c. will have been built

d. will have built*

2.3.2.2.6过去完成时

1.By the time I got to the station, everyone______.

a. had left*

b. left

c. has left

d. had been leaving

2．Mr. Jones told me the other day that the Board of Directors ___ to put Peter in charge of the work.

a. decided

b. has decided

c. have decided

d. had decided*

3.They fulfilled the plan much earlier than they ___.

a. have expected

b. are expected

c. were expected

d. had expected*

2.3.2.2.7正在进行时

1.“Where is Professor Brown now?” “He _________ in HongKong.

(a) work (b)working (c)speaks (d) is speaking*

2. He's only got one shirt because all the rest ____ being washed.

a. is to be

b. is

c. will be

d. are*

2.3.2.2.8过去将来时

1. An Oxford Dictionary? I didn’t know you ____ an Oxford Dictionary.

a. were going to buy*

b. buy

c. will buy

d. will buying

2.3.2.3.虚拟

2.3.2.3.1标准

过去、现在、将来

1.If you _______ lived in ancient Athens you would have heard Socrates speak.

a. have

b. would have

c. should have

d. had*

2.If only I ____ to my teacher, I would have passed the test.

a. listened

b. would listen

c. had listened*

d. was

listening

3.If you had rung up the TV repairman, you _____ the sports program.

a. could watch

b. could be watching

c. could have watched*

d. could not watch

4.If this university _____ such a good reputation, I would not have come here

a. didn't have*

b. doesn't have

c. hadn't had

d. hasn't had

2.3.2.3.2混合

1．If you had taken your umbrella with you when you went to work this morning, you __ wet now.

a. will not be

b. will not have been

c. would not be*

d. would not have been

2.3.2.3.3暗含

1. I was ill that day. Otherwise I ____ the meeting.

a. would have attended*

b. had attended

c. would attend

d. attended

2.3.2.3.4用过去时表示

1.I wish I ____ all these new English words.

a. would remember

b. remembered

c. could remember*

d. will remember

2. It's time we ______ away with our shabby shelf.

a. did*

b. do

c. have done

d. shall do

2.3.2.3.5倒装

1. ___ it left to me to decide, I would never hesitate to choose the former.

a. If

b. Were*

c. Had

d. Should

2.3.2.3.6（should） +动词原形

1.The teacher suggested that we ______ buy a dictionary.

a. could

b. should*

c. must

d. had to

2. He gave the order that nothing ______ until the police arrived.

a. was touched

b. is touched

c. be touched*

d. could be

touched

3. She did not go to the North, instead she remained here in the South. The doctor

suggested that she ____ there.

a. not go*

b. go not

c. couldn't go

d. didn't go

2.3.2.4主谓一致

1． Emily Lee is from Hong Kong. _________ an ELICOS student.

(a).You're (b) She's * (c) aren’t you(d) I’m

2． I'm sorry. I ______ understand you.

(a) no (b) not (c) doesn't (d) don't*

3．I speak French, and Emily Lee _______ Mandarin.

(a) speaking (b) speak (c)speaks* (d) is speaking

4．It is said that John's two daughters and his wife ____ to the city where he had an accident.（并列主语）

a. going

b. are going*

c. were going

d. was going

5.Every means ___ but without much result.（主语既可作单数又可作复数）

a. have been tried

b. has been tried*

c. have tried

d. has tried

6.Every man and every woman working here ____ with me.

a. is getting along well*

b. are getting along well

c. is got along well

d. are got along well

7.Of particular interest to visitors _____ the large number of bookstores that

sell books in different languages. (倒装，主语在后面)

a. have been

b. are

c. were

d. is*

8.The statesman and writer you talked with last month ___ at today's

conference.

a. was present

b. was presenting *

c. were present

d. were

presenting

2.3.2.5动词非限定形式

2.3.2.5.1现在分词

1._____ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film.

a. Having been told*

b. Having told

c. Been told

d. Telling

2.______ about the robbery, the policemen rushed out in their cars to catch

the robbers.)

a. Having been informed*

b. Having informed

c. Informing

d. Be informed

3.____ that some guests were coming, they got the rooms ready.

a. Having told

b. To tell

c. Having been told*

d.

Telling

2.3.2.5.2过去分词

1.____ in all parts of the state, pines are the most common trees in Georgia.

a. Found*

b. Finding them

c. To find them

d. Find them

2.All things _____, her paper is of great value.

a. consider

b. having considered

c. considered*

d.

considering

3.To my great surprise the food was still on the table, ____.

a. untouching

b. no touch

c. untouched*

d. not to be touched

2.3.2.5.3动名词、不定式（取决于动词接什么形式宾语）

1.I hope you don’t’ mind me _____ so late at night, but I’m having trouble

with my assignment.

a. telephoning*

b. to telephone

c. telephone

d. have

telephoned

2.Don’t forget ______ in your assignment to your teacher.

a. handing

b. hand

c. to hand*

d. having handed

3．I was overjoyed at the news of my county ____ so much progress.

a. to make

b. to have made

c. made

d. having made*

4．All we can do to help "Big Jim" is to try ____ that he ought to work more.

a. making him to realize

b. making him realizing

c. to make him to realize

d. to make him realize*

5．No one can understand ____ a decision until it is too late to do so.

a. him to postpone to make

b. him to postpone making

c. his postponing to make

d. his postponing making*

6．The bad weather meant ____ the football match for several days.

a. to delay

b. delaying*

c. delay

d. having delayed

2.3.2.5.4不定式

1.There’s no point in phoning him. He’s certain _______ by now.

a. to leave

b. left

c. having left

d. to have left*

2.He was said __ a gift from her, knowing that it meant a bribe.

a. to be refusing

b. to have refused*

c. to be refused

d. to have been refused

3.At 5 o'clock this morning I suddenly woke up and seemed ____ someone screaming in the street.

a. to have heard*

b. hearing

c. hear

d. having heard

2.3.2.5.5独立主格

1.Other considerations _____ equal, the pressure remains constant.

a. being*

b. be

c. will be

d. is

2.Such ___ the case, there are no grounds to justify your complaints.

a. is

b. being*

c. was

d. would be

3.The equipment ____ out of order, the experiment has to be put off

a. has been

b. being *

c. is

d. be

4.____, we decided to leave at once, as we didn't want to risk missing the

last bus.

a. It was pretty late

b. It being pretty late*

c. As it being pretty late

d. It was being pretty late

5.The material of the course is arranged in twenty-four teaching units, each

____ of an introduction, a text, and some written exercises

a. consist

b. consisting *

c. consists

d. is consisting

2.3.2.6情态动词

1.To be successful in the IELTS test, you ____ read the instructions carefully.

a. need

b. must*

c. ought

d. will

2.Jim wasn’t in class yesterday so you ____ seen him.

a. will have

b. must have

c. can’t have*

d. didn’t

3.The sign says you ______ smoke anywhere in the building.

a. shouldn’t

b. mustn’t*

c. won’t

d. didn’t

4.John's score on the test is the highest in the group; he ___ last night

a. should have studied

b. must have studied*

c. has studied

d. should study

5.He is an hour late. He ____ by fog. Of course, that's only a possibility.

a. may have been delayed*

b. should have been delayed

c. can have been delayed

d. must have been delayed

6.You should not have driven that car with its brakes out of order. You ____

a serious accident.

a. might have

b. might have had*

c. should have

d. should have had

7.You ___ all the way to meet me here, I know this place pretty well.

a. don't need to come

b. needn't come

c. didn't need to come

d. needn't have come*

2.3.2.7形容词比较级（比较对象可比且形式相同、暗含比较、比较对象排斥关系）

1．It is often more difficult to find trained men than ____ for a research project.

a. get financial support

b. to get financial support*

c. getting financial support

d. to getting financial support.

2. Students at colleges in large cities ran into _______ debts because it was

easier for them to find part-time jobs than those in rural areas.

a. few

b. fewe*r

c. little

d. less

3.It is said that the New York area has more Jews than _____ city outside Israel

in the world.

a. another

b. other

c. any other*

d. the other

2.3.2.8副词

1．Would you speak ______ please?

a. more clear

b. more clearly*

c. more clearer

d.

clearlier

a)Do you know her?" "I remember ________."

a. somewhere having seen her

b. having somewhere seen her

c. having seen her somewhere*

d. having seen somewhere her

2.3.2. 9从句及关联词

2.3.2.9.1定语从句

1．The person to ___ you were speaking is the Head of the Department.

a. who

b. whose

c. whom *

d. which

2.He keeps on arriving late for school , _____ annoys his teacher.

a. that

b. what

c. which*

d. that which

3. The woman ____ we gave the check has left.

a. whoever

b. to whom*

c. with whom

d. whether

4. It wasn't such a desirable air conditioner ____ the advertisement had

promised us.

a. as *

b. when d. what d. which

5. Professor Knight, ____ list of achievements includes two Nobel Prizes, will

address the meeting tonight.

a. who

b. that

c. whose *

d. whom

6. The local textile mill has 800 workers, ____ 700 are women.

a. whose

b. whom

c. of whom*

d. of which

7.He has made another wonderful discovery, ___ of great importance to science.

a. which I think is*

b. in which I think it is

c. which I think it is

d. of which I think it is

8.The science of medicine, ____ we owe a great deal, is perhaps the most

important of all the sciences.

a. in which

b. to which*

c. at which

d. for which

2.3.2.9.2 状语从句

1.____the exam was difficult, he scored 95%.

a. Despite

b. However

c. Even though*

d. As though

2.The students won’t be able to complete the assignment _____ they attend

all classes.

a. except

b. otherwise

c. unless *

d. but

3.I have to leave home before 8 o’clock and so ____.

a. would

b. should

c. you do

d. do you*

4.Generally speaking, people should have _____ as their desires will allow.

a. much education as

b. as much education*

c. as less education

d. little education

5."Let's start our meeting immediately ___ everyone has arrived." the chairman

said.

a. although

b. until

c. after

d. now that*

6.____ your role is, knowing who you are and what you're good at is critical

for success.

a. Whatever*

b. Whichever

c. Whoever

d. Whomever

7.Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ___ the

advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.

a. in that*

b. in which

c. in order that

d. in the way

8.It has been years ___ I visited my hometown and I was determined to enjoy

my stay.

a. after

b. when

c. since *

d. that

9.Scientists say it may be five or ten years ____ it is possible to test this

medicine on human patients.)

a. when

b. after

c. before *

d. since

2.3.2.9.3名词性从句

1. She is pleased with what you have given him and ___ you have told him.

a. that

b. which

c. all what

d. all that*

2. Although _____ happened in that developed country sounds like science

fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world

a. this

b. that

c. which

d. what*

3. This book will show you ____ can be used in other contexts.

a. how what you've observed*

b. how you've observed

c. that you've observed

d. the thing what you've observed

2.3.2.9.4强调句式

1. It is because she is too inexperienced ___ she does not know how to deal

with the situation.

a. so

b. that*

c. so that

d. which

2. It was the training that he had as a young man ____ made him such a good

engineer.

a. has

b. later

c. which

d. that*

3. The truth is that it is only by studying history ____ we can learn what

to expect in the future

a. which

b. and then

c. that*

d. by which

2.3.2.9.5关联词

1.He started learning English ages ___.

a. since

b. ago*

c. after

d. yet

2.I haven’t been to Canberra______.

a. since years

b. since last year*

c. for years ago

d. by years

3.______ the regular written work, students will be required to submit a long

essay.

a. Beside

b. Apart from*

c. In addition

d. Beyond

4.Give it a second thought, ____ you'll find it wise to accept the post.

a. to

b. and*

c. or

d. then

5.___ he was an old customer, the boss allowed ten per cent discount off the

prices of the goods.

a. Give that

b. Giving that

c. To give that

d. Given

that*

6._____ forceful were his arguments that even those who came to sneer became

his firm supporter.

a. Very

b. Too

c. Such

d. So*

2.3.2.6倒装

1．Remember that when you are in a new city you must be careful: under no

circumstances ___ go out alone after dark.

a. should you *

b. you should

c. you must

d. would you

2．Only in this way _____ your writing.

a. you can improve

b. you will improve

c. would you improve

d. can you improve*

3．What a beautiful ring!" "Never ___ such a big diamond."

a. have seen I

b. I have seen

c. have I seen*

d. I haven't

seen

4．Nowhere else in China ____ more beautiful scenery than in Kunming.

a. you can find

b. you have found

c. can you find*

d. have you found

5．Under no circumstances _____ anything that will benefit ourselves but at the same time harm the interests of others.

a. should we do*

b. we should do

c. would do we

d. we would do

6．We do not even know his name; ____ about his character.

a. less we know

b. less know we

c. less do we know*

d. less we do know

2.3.2.7易混词辨析

1．Come to the ELICOS party and ___your friend too.

a. get

b. take

c. carry

d. bring*

2．Please hurry, there’s not ___time left.

a. some

b. much*

c. little

d. a little

3．The EAP lecture was difficult but very _______.

a. excited

b. exciting*

c. excitable

d. excitement

(Appendix: Distinguishing Between Adjectives Ending in –ed and –ing.

An adjective with an –ed ending often describes a person or a person’s feeling.

Example: I get bored in nightclubs. (=Nightclubs bore me. I have a feeling

of boredom when I go to them.)

An adjective with an –ing ending can describe a person or a thing: a cause

of feeling s.

Example: Nightclubs are boring. (=Nightclubs bore me. I feel bored in them.) My date last night was boring(=My date bored me. He wasn’t interesting.)

Compare: That man is very irritating. /That man is very irritated.

The people I meet at nightclubs aren’t very interesting. / The people I

meet at nightclubs aren’t very interested.)

4．He wrote to the Business Studies Department ______them for a brochure.

a. demanding

b. asking*

c. enquiring

d. applying

5．I’d be very _____ in studying at Univ ersity sometime in the future.

a. interested*

b. enjoyable

c. fond

d. hopeful

6．Our college has been _____ by an international university.

a. taken over*

b. taken in

c. merged

d. taken out

2.3.2.8固定词组

1．Have you got time to discuss your report now or are you ____ to leave.

a. think

b. plan

c. around

d. about*

2．You ___ better be careful not to miss the lecture!

a. would

b. should

c. had*

d. did

3．Every day of my childhood was the same, I ___, wash, have breakfast and then go to school.

a. would get up*

b. was getting up

c. had got up

d. was

used to getting up

2.3.2.9 其他

1．In their heats, some American women think it is men's business to earn money and ___ to spend it.

a. they

b. their

c. them

d. theirs*

2． Time for football games. Do you mind if I change to sports channel?"

" ___________ "

a. Yes, I agree.

b. No, no change.

c. Yes, please.

d. Not at all. Go ahead. *