介绍北京的英语导游词

篇一：北京六大景点英文导游词

FoRBiddEnciTY(紫禁城)

(infrontofthemeridiangate)

LadiesandGentlemen:

iampleasedtoserveasyourguidetoday.

Thisisthepalacemuseum;alsoknowasthePurpleForbiddencity.itisthelargest andmostwellreservedimperialresidenceinchinatoday.UndermingEmperorY ongle,constructionbeganin1406.ittook14yearstobuildtheForbiddencity.Th efirstrulerwhoactuallylivedherewasmingEmperorzhudi.Forfivecenturiesth ereafter,itcontinuedtobetheresidenceof23successiveemperorsuntil1911wh enQingEmperorPuyiwasforcedtoabdicatethethrone.in1987,theUnitednatio nsEducational,ScientificandculturalorganizationrecognizedtheForbiddenc itywasaworldculturallegacy. itisbelievedthatthePalacemuseum,orziJincheng(PurpleForbiddencity),gotit snamefromastronomyfolklore,Theancientastronomersdividedtheconstellat ionsintogroupsandcenteredthemaroundtheziweiY uan(northStar).Theconst ellationcontainingthenorthStarwascalledtheconstellationofHeavenlyGoda ndstaritselfwascalledthepurplepalace.Becausetheemperorwassupposedlyt hesonoftheheavenlygods,hiscentralanddominantpositionwouldbefurtherhi

https://www.360docs.net/doc/672259878.html,lklore,theter m―aneasternpurplecloudisdrifting‖becameametaphorforauspiciousevents afterapurplecloudwasseendriftingeastwardimmediatelybeforethearrivalofa nancientphilosopher,Laozi,totheHanghuPass.Here,purpleisassociatedwith auspiciousdevelopments.Thewordjin(forbidden)isself-explanatoryastheim perialpalacewasheavilyguardedandoff-explanatoryastheimperialpalacewa sheavilyguardedandoff-limitstoordinarypeople. Theredandyellowusedonthepalacewallsandroofsarealsosymbolic.Redrepre sentshappiness,goodfortuneandwealth.YellowisthecoloroftheearthontheLo essPlateau,theoriginalhomeofthechinesepeople.Yellowbecameanimperialc olorduringtheTangdynasty,whenonlymembersoftheroyalfamilywereallowe dtowearitanduseitintheirarchitecture. TheForbiddencityisrectangularinshape.itis960meterslongfromnorthtosout hand750meterwidefromeastwest.ithas9,900roomsunderatotalroofarea150, 000squaremeters.a52-meter-wide-moatencirclesa9.9-meter—highwallwhi chenclosesthecomplex.octagon—shapedturretsrestonthefourcornersofthe wall.Therearefourentrancesintothecity:themeridianGatetothesouth,theShe nwuGate(GateofmilitaryProwess)tothenorth,andtheXihuaGate(Gateofmili taryProwess)tothenorth,andtheXihuaGate(westernFloweryGate)tothewest, thedonghua(EasternFloweryGate)totheeast. manpowerandmaterialsthroughoutthecountrywereusedtobuildtheForbidde ncity.atotalof230,000artisansandonemillionlaborerswereemployed.marble

wasquarriedfromfangshancountrymountPaninJixiancountyinHebeiProvin ce.GranitewasquarriedinQuyang

countyinHebeiProvince.PavingblockswerefiredinkilnsinSuzhouinsouthern china.Bricksandscarletpigmentationusedonthepalatialwallscamefromlinqi nginShandongProvince.Timberwascut,processedandhauledfromthenorthw esternandsouthernregions. ThestructureinfrontofusisthemeridianGate.itisthemainentrancetotheforbid dencity.itisalsoknowsaswufenglou(Five-PhoenixTower).mingemperorshel dlavishbanquetshereonthe15thdayofthefirstmonthofthechineselunaryearin honoroftheircounties.Theyalsousedthisplaceforpunishingofficialsbyfloggi ngthemwithsticks. Qingemperorsusedthisbuildingtoannouncethebeginningofthenewyear.Qin gEmperorQianlongchangedtheoriginalnameofthisannouncementceremony frombanli(announcementofcalendar)tobanshou(announcementofnewmoo n)toavoidcoincidentalassociationwithanotherEmperor'sname,Hongli ,whichwasconsideredatabooatthattime.Qingdynastyemperorsalsousedthis placetoholdaudienceandforotherimportantceremonies.Forexample,whenth eimperialarmyreturnedvictoriouslyfromthebattlefield,itwasherethattheEm perorpresidedovertheceremonytoacceptprisonersofwar. (afterenteringthemeridianGateandstandinginfrontoftheFivemarbleBridges onGoldenwaterRiver)

nowweareinsidetheForbiddencity.Beforewestartourtour,iwouldliketobriefl

yintroduceyoutothearchitecturalpatternsbeforeus.Tocompletethissolemn, magnificentandpalatialcomplex,avarietyofbuildingswerearrangedonanorth -southaxis,and8-kilometer-longinvisiblelinethathasbecomeaninseparablep artofthecityofBeijing.TheForbiddencitycoversroughlyone–thirdofthiscentr alaxis.mostoftheimportantbuildingsintheForbiddencitywerearrangedalong thisline.Thedesignandarrangementofthepalacesreflectthesolemndignityoft heroyalcourtandrigidly–stratifiedfeudalsystem. TheForbiddencityisdividedintoanouterandaninnercount.wearenowstandin gonthesouthernmostpartoftheoutercount.infrontofusliestheGateofsupreme Harmony.Thegateisguardedbyapairofbronzelions,symbolizingimperialpo weranddignity.Thelionswerethemostexquisiteandbiggestofitskind.Theone ontheeastplayingwithaballisamale,andballissaidtorepresentstateunity.Theo theroneisafemale.Underneathoneofitsforeclawsisacubthatisconsideredtobe asymbolofperpetualimperialsuccession.ThewindingbrookbeforeusistheGo ldenwaterRiver.itfunctionsbothasdecorationandfirecontrol.Thefivebridges spanningtheriverrepresentthefivevirtuespreachedbyconfucius:benevolence ,righteousness,rites,intelligenceandfidelity.Therivertakestheshapeofabowa ndthenorth-southaxisisitsarrow.ThiswasmeanttoshowthattheEmperorsrule dthecountryonbehalfofGod. (infrontoftheGateofSupremeHarmony) TheForbiddencityconsistsofanoutercourtyardandaninnerenclosure.Theout countyardcoversavastspacelyingbetweenthemeridianGateandtheGateofHe

avenlyPurity.The―threebighalls‖ofSupremeHarmony,completeHarmonya ndPreservingHarmonyconstitutethecenterofthisbuildinggroup.Flankingthe minbilateralsymmetryaretwogroupsofpalaces:

wenhua(ProminentScholars)andwuying(Bravewarriors).Thethreegreathall sarebuiltonaspacious―H‖-shaped,8-meter-high,triplemarbleterrace,Eachl evelofthetripleterraceistallerthantheonbelowandallareencircledbymarbleb alustradescarvedwithdragonandphoenixdesigns.Therearethreecarvedstone staircaseslinkingthethreearchitectures.ThehallofsupremeHarmonyisalsoth etallestandmostexquisiteancientwooden-structuredmansioninallofchina.Fr omthepalaceofHeavenlyPuritynorthwardiswhatisknownastheinnercourt,w hichisalsobuiltinbilaterallysymmetricalpatterns.inthecenterarethePalaceof HeavenlyPurity,theHallofUnionandPeaceandPalaceofEarthlyTranquility,a placewheretheEmperorslivedwiththeirfamiliesandattendedtostateaffairs.Fl ankingthesestructuresarepalacesandhallsinwhichconcubinesandprincesliv ed.Therearealsothreebotanicalgardenswithintheinnercount,namely,theimp erialGarden,caninggardenandQuailinggarden.aninnerGoldenwaterRiverfl owseastwardlywithintheinnercourt.Thebrookwindsthroughthreeminorhall sorpalacesandleadsoutoftheForbiddencity.itisspannedbythewhiteJadeBrid ge.Theriverislinedwithwinding,marble–carvedbalustrades.mostofthestruct ureswithintheForbiddencityhaveyellowglazedtileroofs. asidefromgivingprominencetothenorth-southaxis,otherarchitecturalmetho dswereappliedtomakeeverygroupofpalatialstructuresuniqueintermsofterra

ces,roofs,mythicalmonstersperchingontheroofsandcolored,drawingpattern s.withthese,thegrandcontouranddifferenthierarchicspectrumofthecomplex werestrengthened.Folklorehasitthattherearealtogether9,999room-unitsinth eForbiddencity.SinceParadiseonlyhas10,000rooms,theSonofHeavenoneart hcutthenumberbyhalfaroom.itisalsorumouredthatthishalf–roomislocatedto thewestofthewenyuangePavilion(imperiallibrary).asamatteroffact,althoug htheForbiddencityhasmorethan9,000room-units,thishalf-roomisnonexiste nt.Thewenyuange Pavilionisalibrarywhere―SiKuQuanShu‖-china'sf irstcomprehensiveanthology-wasstored. (afterwalkingpasttheGateofSupremeHarmony) LadiesandGentlemen,thegreathallweareapproachingistheHallofSupremeH armony,thebiggestandtallestofitskingintheForbiddencity.Thisstructurecov ersatotalbuildingspaceof2,377squaremeters,andisknowforitsupturned,mult iplecounterparteaves.TheHallofSupremeHarmonysitsonatriple―H‖-shape dmarbleterraceis8metershighandlinkedbystaircases.Thestaircaseonthegro undfloorhas21stepswhilethemiddleandupperstairwayseachhave9. TheconstructionoftheHallofSupremeHarmonybeganin1406.itburneddown threetimesandwasseverelydamagedonceduringamutiny.Theexistingarchite cturewasbuiltduringtheQingdynasty.onthecornersoftheeavesalineofanimal -nailswereusuallyfastenedtothetiles.Theseanimal-nailswerelaterreplacewit hmythicalanimalstowardoffevilspirits.Therearealtogether9suchfastenerso ntopofthishall.Thenumberninewasregardedbytheancientstobethelargestnu

meralaccessibletomanandtowhichonlytheemperorswereentitled. Therewasatotalof24successiveemperorsduringthemingandQingdynastiesw howereenthronedhere.Theballwasalsousedforceremonieswhichmarkedoth ergreatoccasions:thewinterSolstice,ThechineseLunarnewYear,theEmperor 'sbirthday,conferralofthetitleof

empress,theannouncementofnewlawsandpolicies,anddispatchesofgenerals towar.onsuchoccasions,theEmperorwouldholdaudienceforhiscourtofficials andreceivetheirtributes. ThisareaiscalledtheHallofSupremeHarmonySquare,whichcoversatotalof3 0,000squaremeters,withoutasingletreeorplantgrowinghere,thisplaceinspire svisitorstofeelitssolemnityandgrandeur.inthemiddleofthesquarethereisacar riagewaythatwasreservedfortheEmperor.onbothsidesoftheroadthegroundb rickswerelaidinaspecialwaysevenlayerslengthwiseandeightlayerscrosswis e,makingupfifteenlayersinall.Thepurposeofthiswastopreventanyonefromtu nnelinghiswayintothepalace.inthecountyardthereareironvatsforstoringwat ertofightfires.inthewholecomplextherearealtogether308watervats.inwinter time,charcoalwasburnedunderneaththevatstokeepthewaterfromfreezing.w hysovastasquare?itwasdesignedtoimpresspeoplewiththehall'sgrande urandvastness.imaginethefollowingscene.Undertheclearbluesky,theyellow glazedtilesshimmeredasthecloud-likelayersofterrace,coupledwiththecurlin gveilofburningincense,transformedthehallofsupremeHarmonyintoafairyla nd.whenevermajorceremonieswereheld,theglazed,crane-shapedcandlehol

dersinsidethehallwouldbeit,andincenseandpinebranchesburntinfrontoftheh all.whentheEmperorappeared,drumswerebeatenandmusicalinstrumentplay ed.civilianofficialsandgeneralswouldkneelknowinsubmission. ThelastQingemperorPuyiassumedthethronein1908,attheageofthree,Hisfat hercarriedhimtothethrone.atthestartofthecoronation,thesuddendrum-beatin gandloudmusiccaughttheyoungemperorunprepared.Hewassoscaredthathe keptcryingandshouting,―idon'twanttostayhere.iwanttogohome.‖His fathertriedtosoothehim,saying,―it'llallsoonbefinished.it'llalls oonbefinished‖Theministerspresentattheeventconsideredthisincidentinaus picious.coincidentally,theQingdynastycollapsedthreeyearslaterandtherewi thconcludedchina’sfeudalsystemthathadlastedformorethan2,000years. (onthestoneterraceoftheHallofSupremeHarmony) Thisisabronzeincenseburner.initincensemadeofsandalwoodwouldbeburnto nimportantoccasions.Therearealtogether18incenseburners,representingall oftheprovincesundertheruleoftheSingmonarchs.oneithersideoftheHall,4br onzewater-filledvatswereplacedincaseoffire.nexttotheterraceoneitherside,t hereisabronzecraneandtortoise,symbolsoflongevity.Thiscopper-castgrain measureiscalled―jialiang.‖itservedasthenationalstandardduringtheQingdy nasty.itwasmeanttoshowthattheimperialrulerwerejustandopentorectificatio n.ontheothersidethereisastonesundial,anancienttimepiece.Thejialiangandt hesundialwereprobablymeanttoshowwhattheEmperorrepresented:thathew astheonlypersonwhoshouldpossessthestandardsofbothmeasureandtime.

intheveryforefrontoftheHallofSupremeHarmony,thereare12scarlet,roundpi llarssupportingtheroof.Thehallis63metersfromeasttowestand37metersfro mnorthtosouth.itis35metersinheight.infrontofthisarchitecture,therestandsa tripleterracewithfivestaircasesleadinguptothemainentrance.ithas40golddo orsand16gold-keywindowswithcoloreddrawingsonthepillarsandbeams.int hemiddleofthehall,athronecarvedwith9dragonssitson

a2-meter-highplatform.Behindthethronethereisagoldenscreenandinfrontofi t,thereisanimperialdesk.Theflanksaredecora

tedwithelephants,Luduan(alegendarybeast),cranes,andincensebarrels.Thee lephantcarriesavaseonitsbackthatholdsfivecereals(i.e.rice,twokindsofmille t,wheatandbeans),whichwasconsideredasymbolofprosperity.asancientlege ndhasitthatluduancantravel18,000li(9,000kilometers)inonedayandknowsal llanguagesanddialects.onlytoawiseadjustmonarchwillthisbeastbeaguardia n. TheHallofSupremeHarmonyisalsopopularlyknownasJinluandian(goldbell hallorthethronehall).Thefloorofthehallislaidwithbricksthatturnitintoasmoo th,finesurfaceasifwaterhasbeensprinkledonit.Theso-calledgoldenbrick,infa ct,hasnothingtodowithgold.Reservedexclusivelyfortheconstructionofthero yalcourt,itwasmadeinasecretive,andcomplexway,and,whenstruck,soundsli ketheclinkofagoldbar.Eachbrickwasworththemarketpriceofonedan(oroneh ectoliter)ofrice.

Thehallissupportedbyatotalof72thickpillars.ofthese,6arecarvedindragonpa

tternsandpaintedwithgoldandsurroundthethrone.abovetheverycenterofthis hallthereisazaojing,orcoveredceiling,whichisoneoftheSpecialitiesofchina 'sancientarchitecture.inthemiddleoftheceilingisadesignofadragonpla yingwithaballinlaidwithpeals.Thiscopperball,hollowinsideandcoveredwith mercury,isknownastheXuanyuanmirrorandisthoughttobemadeXuanyuan,a legendarymonarchdatingbacktoremoteantiquity.Theplacingofthecaissonab ovethethroneismeanttosuggestthatallofchina'ssuccessiveemperorsar ezuanyuan'sdescendantsandhereditaryheirs.nowyoumighthavenotice dthattheXuanyuanmirrorisnotdirectlyabovethethrone.why?itisrumoredthat YuanShikai,aself-acclaimedwarlord-turnedemperormovedthethronefurthe rbackbecausehewasafraidthatthemirrormightfallonhim.in1916whenYuanS hikaibecameemperor,heremovedtheoriginalthronewithawestern-style,high -backchair.afterthefoundationofthePeople'sRepublicofchinain1949t hethronewasfoundinashabbyfurniturewarehouse.itrepairedandreturnedtoth ehall. (Leadingthetouristtothebronzevatseitherontheeastorthewest) thewatervatsinfrontofthepalacesorhousewerecalled―menhai,‖orseabefore thedoorbytheancientchinese.Theybelievedthatwithaseabythedoor,firecoul dnotwreakhavoc.Thevatsservedbothasadecorationandasafireextinguisher. Theywerekeptfullofwaterallyearround.

duringtheQingdynasty,theywerealtogether308vatsinthepalaceenclosure.Th eyweremadeofgiltbronzeoriron.ofcourse,thegiltbronzevatswereofthebestq

北京市英语口语等级证书考试

北京市英语口语等级证书考试概??述一、总则英语是学习科学文化知识，获取国外信息，进行国际交流的主要工具。为了全面提高北京人英语口语水平，北京市建立了英语口语等级证书考试及培训的制度。北京市英语口语等级证书考试及培训重点是考查考生用英语进行口头交流的能力，而不是书写能力和笔译能力。要求考生能够听得懂，说得出。主要用以测试下列人员的英语水平： 1．各行业、各部门及各企事业单位的有关专业技术人员。 2．各行各业在职职工和全市广大市民。 3．面向本市教育系统的各级各类学校，包括小学、初中、高中、职业学校、民办学校、成人院校及普通高等学校的在校学生。 4．英语自学者。考试不受年龄、学历的限制，考试成绩合格者将被授予合格证书或优秀证书及证章。考试范围以本大纲所规定的内容和要求为依据。二、考试等级根据用人单位的不同需求和英语学习者的不同水平，北京市英语口语等级证书考试由低到高分三个等级：初级(Elementary Stage)、中级(Intermediate Stage)和高级(Advanced Stage)。三、评价目标北京市英语口语等级证书考试重点考查考生用英语进行口头交流的能力，要求考生能够听得懂，说得出。考试总的评价目标是：通过初级考试的人员具有简单的英语会话能力，能听、会说，能够在一般交际场合和服务场合用简单的英语与外国人进行会话；通过中级考试的人员具有一定的听、说、读、写能力，能够在各窗口行业关键岗位以及各行业部门的一般涉外

岗位等直接与外国人进行交流；通过高级考试的人员能够用英语从事一般性公务活动并能承担一般性会谈的口头翻译工作。为达到上述目标，考试对考生应掌握的词汇量提出如下要求：1．参加初级考试的人员应能听会说600-900个左右的单词和一定数量短语。 2．参加中级考试的人员应能听会说1500-2000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语； 3．参加高级考试的人员应能听会说2500个以上的单词和一定数量的短语。四、考试形式与结构北京市英语口语等级证书考试采用考官和考生一对一进行口头交流的方式，但每个级别的考试在考试时间和考试形式方面有所不同。初级口试基本采用考官和考生会话的方式，包括让考生看图说话，回答考官提问，考试时间5—7分钟。中级口试除会话外，还要求考生讲述事先准备好的一个话题，考生讲述完毕后，考官还要就该话题向考生进行提问，考试时间8-10分钟。除上述要求外，高级口试还要求考生现场抽取一个话题(或一幅图片)进行即席发言，发言后，考官与考生就该话题或其他问题展开讨论。考试时间12—15分钟。三个级别的考试结构如下表所示：初级中级高级 5—7分钟8—10分钟12—15分钟 ●考官与考生会话 ●考生看图回答考官提问 ●考官与考生就日常话题进行问答●考官与考生会话 ●考生讲述事先准备的话题 ●考官与考生就上述话题及其它简单问题进行讨论 ●考官与考生会话 ●考生讲述事先准备的话题，并回答考官提问 ●考生就未事先准备的话题进行发言(可借助图片) ●考官与考生就上述话题及其它问题展开讨论 ?? 五、合格及优秀标准北京市英语口语等级证书考试依据不同级别总的评价目标确定了不同级别的合格标准。口试

北京故宫英语导游词

北京故宫英语导游词 Ladies and Gentlemen: I am pleased to serve as your guide today. This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy. It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng , got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan. The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metap hor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people. The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture. The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from

北京胡同游导游词参考文档

北京胡同游导游词参考文档Beijing Hutong tour guide words reference document 编订：JinTai College

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北京胡同Beijing Hutong traditional Chinese culture, tea house, Peking Opera, paper cutting 中国传统文化，茶馆，京剧，剪纸 Hi, Tony! 嗨，托尼！ Im glad that you will come to Beijing soon. There are lots of places of interest in Beijing. In order to experience traditional Chinese culture better, I do recommend Beijing Hutong tour. 我很高兴你很快就要来北京了。北京有很多名胜。为了更好地体验中国传统文化，我推荐北京胡同之旅。 First, were going to go sightseeing along the lanes in Hutong. The houses in Hutong are traditional, such as Siheyuan. From them, you can imagine how people used to live. Of course you can stop anywhere you like and it is interesting to take pictures or have a close look. Second, we

are going to pay visits to a Hutong family. We can have lunch there and have a short talk with the local residents, which can help you learn about many stories of the past. We can not only appreciate the dramatic changes that Hutong has undergone, but also see evidence of the history of Beijing, experience the old way of life and experience traditional Beijing culture. 首先，我们要沿着胡同的小路去观光。胡同里的房子是传统的，比如四合院。从他们身上，你可以想象过去人们是如何生活的。当然，你可以停在你喜欢的任何地方，拍照或近距离观察是很有趣的。第二，我们要去拜访一个胡同人家。我们可以在那里吃午饭，和当地居民进行简短的交谈，这可以帮助你了解许多过去的故事。我们不仅可以欣赏胡同发生的巨大变化，还可以看到北京历史的见证，体验古老的生活方式，体验传统的北京文化。 In a word, Hutongs are the homes of common people in the past. It is easy to know how people lived and had fun in the old days. So it is a good choice to learn about traditional Chinese culture. 总之，胡同是过去老百姓的家。很容易知道在过去的日子里人们是如何生活和娱乐的。所以学习中国传统文化是一个很好的选择。 Im looking forward to your coming.

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