虚拟语气的几种常见句式 Ex.
虚拟语气的几种常见句式
1. wish后的宾语从句
表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用过去式;表示过去未能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用had + 过去分词;表示将来不太可能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用would + 动词原形。如:
I wish I knew the answer to the question.
我真希望知道这个问题的答案。
(事实上不知道)
I wish I had not wasted so much time.
我真希望没有浪费这么多时间。
(事实是已经浪费了)
I wish you would go with us tomorrow.
但愿你明天跟我们一起去。
(你去的可能性不大)
2. as if 或as though引导的表语从句和状语从句
表示与现在事实相反,从句的谓语用过去式;表示与过去事实相反,用had +过去分词;表示与将来事实可能相反,用would + 动词原形。如:
She looks as if she were sick.
她看起来像病了似的。(其实没病)
He looks as if nothing had happened to him.
他看上去好像什么事都没发生似的。
(事实是出问题了)
He talks about the book as if he had written it.
他说起那本书来就好像是他写的。
(书不是他写的)
如果as if / as though引导的从句所表述的内容与事实相符,应用陈述语气。如:
It looks as if our team is going to win.
看来我们队要赢了。
(场上情况表明有可能)
3. if only后的句子
表示现在没有实现的愿望,动词用过去式;表示过去没有实现的愿望,动词用had+过去分词；表示与将来事实可能相反的假设,谓语动词使用would+动词原形，could+动词原形或虚拟语气过去时,常译为“要是……就好了”。如:
If only I could learn English well in one day.
要是能在一天内把英语学好就好了。
(事实上做不到)
If only I had not been late for the interview.
要是我面试没迟到就好了。(事实上迟了)
If only Simon would reply to my letter.
要是西蒙能给我回信就好了。
(事实上不会回信)
4. would rather后的从句
表示现在的愿望,动词用过去式;表示过去的愿望,动词用had + 过去分词。
I would rather she were not present.
我宁可她不在场。 (事实是她在场)
I would rather he had told me the truth.
我宁可他告诉我事实真相。
(事实是他没告诉我事实真相)
5. It is (about / high) time后的定语从句
表示该做某事而没做,从句谓语用过去式。
It is time that we went home.
我们该回家了。(实际没走)
It is high time that you went to bed.
你早该睡觉了。
6. advise， suggest， order， require， command， demand， desire， propose， insist， request 等后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用should+动词原形,should常被省略。
He proposes that we(should) discuss the problem further.
他建议我们进一步讨论那个问题。
强化训练：虚拟语气
1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we all right.
A. would be
B. would have been
C. were
D. may be
2. more careful, his ship would not have sunk.
A. If the captain were
B. Had the captain been
C. Should the captain be
D. If the captain would have been
3. If he me tomorrow, I would let him know.
A. should call
B. should not have been able
C. were not able
D. are not able
4. If you asked your father you permission.
A. may get
B. might get
C. should have called
D. maybe get
5. today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave
B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave
D. If he leaves
6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.
A. Was
B. Had been
C. Will be
D. Were
7.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they were finished.
A. could lose
B. would have lost
C. might lose
D. ought to have lost
8. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now.
A. must have been
B. would have been
C. were
D. would be
9. If you Jerry Brown until recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange.
A. shouldn’t contact
B. didn’t contact
C. weren’t to contact
D. hadn’t contacted
10. he English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday
A. In spite of
B. But for
C. Because of
D. As for
11. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I your advice
A. follow
B. would follow
C. had followed
D. have followed
13. If the horse won today, it thirty races in five years.
A. would have won
B. won
C. must have won
D. did have won
14. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise.
A. being there
B. should there be
C. there was
D. there having been
15. The board deemed it urgent that these files right away.
A. had to be printed
B. should have been printed
C. must be printed
D. should be printed
16. Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
A. is to be analyzed
B. has been analyzed
C. be analyzed
D. should have been analyzed
17. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ______ fully occupied the whole of last week.
A. were
B. had been
C. have been
D. was
18. I apologize if I you, but I assure you it was unintentional.
A. offend
B. had offended
C. should have offended
D. might have offended
19. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d there by now.
A. be
B. circles
C. is circling
D. be circling
20. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth.
A. were circling
B. circles
C. is circling
D. be circling
21. I wish that I ______ with you last night.
A. went
B. have gone
C. could go
D. could have gone
22. I wish I with her.
A. would be
B. am
C. was
D. were
23. I wish that I the concert last night.
A. could
B. have attended
C. could have attended
D. attended
24. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I to it.
A. had not gone
B. have not gone
C. did not go
D. can not have gone
25. “I wish you me to put these things away,” he said.
A. will help
B. help
C. are helping
D. would help
26. If the Watergate Incident Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.
A. did not occur
B. had not occurred
C. was not occurring
D. be circling
27. I hadn’t expected James to apologize but I had hoped .
A. him calling me
B. that he would call me
C. him to call me
D. that he call me
28. George would certainly have attended the proceedings .
A. if he didn’t get a flat tire
B. if the flat tire hadn’t happened
C. had he not had a flat tire
D. had the tire not flattened itself
29. The teacher suggested that her students experiences with ESP.
A. write a composition on their
B. to write composition about the
C. wrote some compositions of his or her
D. had written any compositions for his
30. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______a Chinese.
A. were
B. had been
C. is
D. has been
31. As usual, he put on a show as though his trip a great success.
A. had been
B. has been
C. were
D. was
32. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages.
A. has been
B. was
C. is
D. had been
33. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he as elephant.
A. lifts
B. is lifting
C. lifted
D. could lift
34. He described the town as if he it himself.
A. had seen
B. has seen
C. saw
D. sees
35. At that thought he shook himself, as though he from an evil dream.
A. woke
B. wakes
C. would wake
D. had woke
36. Most insurance agents would rather you anything about collecting claims until
they investigate the situation.
A. do
B. don’t
C. didn’t
D. didn’t do
37. Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they the experience of meeting.
A. hadn’t
B. didn’t have had
C. hadn’t had
D. hadn’t have
38. It is important that the TOEFL office your registration.
A. will confirm
B. confirm
C. confirms
D. must confirm
39. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology .
A. will not have been achieved
B. have not been achieved
C. would not have been achieved
D. had not been achieved
40. He told her to return the book in time so that others a chance to read it .
A. may have
B. will have
C. would have
D. might have
41. It is time that the government measures to protect the rare birds and animals.
A. takes
B. took
C. has taken
D. taking
42. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant ______all diplomas from elementary school to university.
A. has
B. will have
C. should have
D. must have
43. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meeting.
A. would come
B. came
C. would have come
D. had come
44. I must say he reads very well, and I shouldn’t be surprised if he acting for a living
one day.
A. had taken up
B. takes up
C. have taken up
D. would have taken up
45. If I had seen the movie, I you all about it now.
A. would tell
B. will tell
C. have told
D. would have told
46. I hadn’t expected Henry to apologize but I had hoped .
A. him t call me up
B. him calling me up
C. that he would call me up
D. that he will call me
47. I had hoped that John ______a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months.
A. spends
B. spent
C. would spend
D. will spend
48. I had hoped that Jennifer a doctor, but she wasn’t good enough at science.
A. will become
B. became
C. would become
D. becomes
49. I’d rather you anything about it for the time being.
A. do
B. didn’t do
C. don’t
D. didn’t
50. I’d just as soon_______ rudely to her.
A. that you won’t speak
B. you not speaking
C. you not speak
D. you didn’t speak
51. It’s high time they this road.
A. mend
B. mended
C. must have mended
D. will mend
52. It’s about time people______ notice of what women did during the war.
A. take
B. took
C. have taken
D. will take
53. Everybody has arrived. It’s time we the class.
A. shall start
B. would start
C. had started
D. start
54. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.
A. In spite of
B. But for
C. Because of
D. As for
55. Mary my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.
A. has received
B. ought to have received
C. couldn’t have received
D. shouldn’t have received
56. John did not feel well yesterday; otherwise he _______to see his classmates off.
A. came
B. would come
C. would have come
D. should be coming
57. He’s working hard for fear that he .
A. should fall behind
B. fell behind
C. may fall behind
D. would fall behind
58. Without the dreams of the youth, this invention might for a century.
A. have been postponed
B. has been postponed
C. postpone
D. be postponed
59. In the past men generally preferred that their wives______ in the home.
A. worked
B. would work
C. work
D. were working
60. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the child psychologically ready for the new idea.
A. is
B. were
C. be
D. would be
61. Tom’s father, as well as his mother, in New York for a few days more.
A. ask him to stay
B. ask he to stay
C. asks he stays
D. asks he stay
62. Your advice that______ till next week is reasonable.
A. she waits
B. she wait
C. wait she
D. she waited
63. The board deemed it urgent that these files right away.
A. had to be printed
B. should have been printed
C. must be printed
D. should be printed
64. It was essential that we lease before the end of the month.
A. sing
B. singed
C. had signed
D. were signing
65. It is appropriate that some time ______thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission.
A. devotes to
B. devoted to
C. is devoted to
D. be devoted to
答案与详解
1．A．条件句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟。
2．B．条件句表示与过去事实的虚拟。
3．A．条件句表示与未来事实的虚拟。
4．B．条件句表示与未来事实的相反。
5．C．条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。
6．D．条件句表示与现在事实的虚拟。
7．B．这个句子中含有一个省略if，把助动词提前到主语they之前的虚拟条件句，该条件句表示对过去情
况的假设，而主句中by the time they were finished 表明主句也应该是对过去发生的情况的假设，因而应该选（B）would have lost为正确答案。
8．（D）这道题目是一个混合虚拟语气的句子。条件句省略了if，把助词had提前到主语前面，表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中now表明了对现在情况的假设，所以应选would(should, could, might)+动词原形这种表达形式。四个选项中只有（D）是正确表达形式，故为正确答案。
9．（D）until recently，因此（D）是正确答案，而主句是隐含的对现在情况的假设，该句是一个混合虚拟条件句。
10．（B）假设的情况有时不是用一个条件句表示，而是隐含在一个由介词如but for、but that、without, 由连词but、副词otherwise 、比较级、形容词、独立主格等表示的上下文中。本句主句表示对过去情况的假设，但事实上由于英语考试而没有去成，即若不是因为英语考试，我本可以去听音乐会，所以应选But for 为正确答案。
11．（C）题目中的第一句话表示的是现在真实的情况，而第二句话中所要表达的是应该做但事实上没有做的事，这种情况导致第一句话中真实情况的发生，故If only条件句假设的是过去一种情况，因此应该用had +过去分词，所以正确答案是（C）。
12．D．注意主句now表示现在的时间状语，所以主句是对现在虚拟，从句是对过去虚拟。
13．A．从句对过去的虚拟。
14．B．从句表示虚拟，而主句是事实。
15．（D）it是形式宾语，urgent是宾语补足语，that引导的从句是真正的宾语从句，该从句的内容被认为是urgent（急迫的），这样从句的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气形式，即should（可以省略）+动词原形。因此，本题正确答案是（D）。
16．（C）在表示要求、愿望、建议、请求、命令等含义的名词同位语从句中，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气形式，即should(可以省略)+动词原形。
17．（D）本道题目的前半句话是对过去情况的一种假设，但事实上并没有发生，而事实上没有发生的真实原因是句子的后半部分由but引导的转折句所表述的真实。因而but所引导的句子中应该用表示志过去事实
相符合的表陈述的时态，即一般过去时。
18．（B）此题要求在if从句中选择适当的动词形式，以主句中的动词apologize(抱歉)来看，if从句中表
达的内容应该是过去做的事，因此可以排除（A），因为（A）是现在时。（C）中should+have+过去分词结
构表示本来应该做却没有做的事，在此不合题意。（D）选项中的might+have+过去分词表示对过去发生的事情很不肯定的猜测，它表达的内容还不能成为事实，所以藉此道歉真是不知从何说起，因此此处也不合题意。（B）had offended表示当时已经发生了的动作。这是复杂条件句：apologize 是现在，而条件句是表示对过去假设的条件句。
19．（A）该句也是一个复杂条件句（或称作混合虚拟条件句）。条件句表示对过去情况的假设，而主句表示对现在情况的假设，但事实上却与此相反，所以正确答案应该是（A）。
20．（A）as if引导的从句要求用虚拟语气，表示同时或将来的情况，动词要用过去式（be动词用were）或would(could等)+动词原形，本句话中指的是当时的情况，所以要用过去式，故（A）是正确答案。21．D．
22．D．
23．C．
24．A．
25．D．
26．（B）had not occurred表示对过去的虚拟，条件句中要用过去完成式，主句中要用should(would, could, might)+动词原形的过去分词。
27．（B）had hoped是常见的要求其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气的句型,虚拟语气would+动词原形。28．（C）表示对过去情况的假设，主句动词形式为would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词，条件句为过去完成式，if可以省略，但要把had提前主语前面。（B），（D）的表达不符合英语表达习惯，所以（C）是正确答案。
29．（A）suggest后面的从句要用虚拟语气形式，其形式为should（可以省略）+动词原形。
30．A．表示与现在相反的虚拟。
31．A．as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
32．D．felt是过去式，所以该句是由as though引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
33．D．as if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟。
34．A．as if引导的与过去相反的虚拟。
35．C．
36．（D）would rather后接从句要求用虚拟语气，形式为过去式，表示对现在或将来的假设，或为过去完成式表示对过去的情况的假设。
37．（C）who引导的定语从句中的现在完成时表示动作业已发生，所以主句中表示的虚拟是针对已经发生了的行为，所以应该用过去完成式表示对过去的虚拟。
38．（B）
39．（C）这是一人含蓄虚拟条件句，通过介词短语without,表示潜在的一种假设，而主句中的情况也早已经发生，所以是对过去情况的一种假设，因此用would not have been achieved这一形式。
40．（D）连so that引导的从句中要求用虚拟语气，表示一种假设，形式为might+动词原形。
41．（B）It is time that是一种要求从句用虚拟语气的常见句型。虚拟语气形式为动词的过去式。42．（C）
43．（C）otherwise用来表示一种含蓄的虚拟假设，因为是对过去(yesterday)的情况的假设，所以应该用would have come形式。
44．（B）所给的四个选项中没有一个表示对未来的情况的虚拟的形式should+动词原形，或是were to do，因此可以断定if引导的条件句在这里最真实的条件句，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，故（B）是正确答案。45．（A）这是一个混合虚拟语气的句子，if条件句表示的是对过去情况的假设，而主句是对现在（now）
的情况的假设，故用would tell形式。
46．C．
47．C．
48．C．
49．B．would rather引导的虚拟语气其谓语用过去式。50．D．would as soon引导的虚拟语气，其谓语动词也用过去式. 51．B．
52．B．
53．B．
54．B．
55．C．注意单词otherwise引导虚拟语气。
56．C．同上。
57．A．注意词组for fear that
58．A．注意without
59．C．
60．C．
61．D．
62．B．
63．D．
64．A．
65．D．
虚拟语气的几个常见句型
虚拟语气的几个常见句型 河北安新中学田姝晨 虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。常见的用法有以下几种： 一. if 引导的虚拟语气 1. 表示与现在事实相反或假设的情况 If I were you，I would take his advice. 如果我是你，我就会接受他的建议。 If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有空气和水，地球上就不会有生命。 2. 表示与过去事实相反或假设的情况 If I had got there earlier, I could have met her.如果我早一点到那的话就能见到她了。 If he had followed my advice, he would not have made such a big mistake. 如果他听了我的话，他就不会犯这么大的错误了。 3. 表示与将来事实相反或假设的情况 If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. If it should rain tomorrow our picnic would be put off. If it were to rain tomorrow our picnic would be put off. 如果明天下雨，我们的野餐将要被推迟了。 注意：在if引导的虚拟条件句中，如果谓语动词是had, were 或should 时，可以将if 省略并把had, were或should提前。如：
(完整word版)虚拟语气及答案
虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反 I: 最基本的虚拟语气句型: 1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过 去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。 If places were a like, there would be little need for geographers. 如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。 2. 虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时 即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。 If he had known your address yesterday, he would have telephoned you. 3. 虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。If从句的谓 语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形。 If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday 4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句。 有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等词 提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。 Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams. Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday. Were I in your place, I wouldn't do that 5. 有时虚拟条件句并没来if 从句表示出来，而是用介词短语(otherwise, or, without, but for)、上下文或其它方式来表示。 We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him. Without you help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. But for your help, I would not have succeeded. II: 虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况: 1. 在建议,要求,命令,想法后的动词后的从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should 可以省略. 如advise, agree, command, decide, demand, determine, grant, indicate, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, require, stipulate, suggest, urge, vote. 常考到的是: suggest, advise, demand, require, propose, insist, order, request. His doctor suggested that he (should) take short leave of absence. The author proposed that TV (should) be turned off at least one hour every day. 2. 在建议,要求,命令,想法后的名词后的从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should可以省略. 如advice, agreement, command, decision, decree, demand, determination, indication, insistence, order, preference, proposal, request, requirement, stipulation etc. It was Bill's suggestion that everyone (should) have a map.
虚拟语气例句
2012届高考英语语法虚拟语气精讲精练习题（有答案） 文章来 源莲山课 件 w w k 虚拟语气 情况从句 的动词主句 的动词例句 与现 在事 实相反动词的过去式(be动词一律用were) would/could/should/might ＋动词原形 If I had time，I would attend your party. 如果我有时间，我就去参加你的宴会了。 If I saw him now，I would be very happy. 如果我现在见到他，我会很高兴的。 与过 去事 实相反 had＋过去 分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词You didn’t let me we had driven in turn，you wouldn’t have got so tired. 你当时不让我开车。如果我们轮流开，你就不会觉得那么累了。 与将来 事实 相反动词的过去式；should＋动词原形；were to＋动词原形 would/could/might/should ＋动词原形 If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow，we would take photos.如果明天下雪，我们就照相。 注意：(1)若条件句中有were，had，should，可把if 省略，而把were，had，should 放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。 Had you taken my advice，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。 (2)有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一致，此时，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。 If you had worked hard，you would be very tired now. 如果你真的努力工作了，你现在就会感到很累的。(从句指过去，主句指现在) (3)有时虚拟条件并不通过条件从句表达出来，而是通过词、短语或上下文暗示，此时句子的时态要依具体情况而定。 Without electricity(＝If there were no electricity)，life would be quite different today. 如果没有电，今天的生活就会完全不同。 But for your help，it would have caused a serious loss. 要不是你的帮助，那将会导致巨大的损失。 I was busy that I would have gone there with them.(If I hadn’t been busy that day，
虚拟语气句型
虚拟语气 一、if 引导的虚拟条件句（表示与事实相反的假设）： 现在：If+主语+过去式/were ，主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形 过去：If+主语+had+过去分词，主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词 过去式/were 将来：If+主语 + should + 动词原形， 主语+should/would/could/might +动词原形 were to + 动词原形 另外：有些词，如：or ／otherwise （否则）；without （没有）；but for （要不是……）等，表示一个隐含的条件，所用的虚拟语气与if 引导的虚拟条件句结构相同 注意：if 引导的虚拟条件句中，谓语部分含有were ／had ／should ，可将引导词if 省略，并将were ／had ／should 提到句首。 二、wish 之后接的宾语从句（表示不可能实现的愿望）： 过去式/were （现在） Wish +（that ） had + 过去分词 （过去） would/could/might +动词原形 （将来） 三、as if/as though 常与seem/look/appear 等动词连用，表示“看起来似乎……好象……”；以及if only 表示“要是……该多好啊”所用的虚拟语气结构与wish 结构相同； 四、虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用： 1、表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”、“坚持”等词后所带的名词从句用虚拟语气，should 可以省略。 记忆口诀： insist 2、动词 order +（that ）+ 主语+ advise/suggest/recommend （宾语从句） require
虚拟语气常见句型
1.对过去的虚拟If sb. had done sth, sb. would have done sth 2.对现在的虚拟If sb. did sth, sb. would do sth 3.对将来的虚拟If sb. did sth, sb. would do sth If sb. were to do
sth, sb. would do sth If sb. should do sth, sb. would do sth 4.错综虚拟条件句(if+过去完成时, sb. would do sth) If the doctor had come sooner last
night, Tom would be alive today. If you had studied hard at that time, you would be a key university student now. 5.虚拟条件句,从句可以省略if,
但谓语动词要部分倒装. 6.含蓄虚拟条件句标志性词汇: without (如果没有), but for (要不是), otherwise/or (否则) ***if条件句可以与without/but
for互相转换，意思相同。 7.表示建议\要求\命令等动词以及相应的名词引导的名词性从句,通常跟should结构. Insist/suggest/ad vise/command/or der/urge/recomm
end/require/requ est/propose that sb. should do sth ***insist做“认为”讲时,相当于think, 不用should结构. Suggest 做“暗示,表明”讲时,相当于imply, 不用should结构.
高二英语虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气的常见句型------
高二英语虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气的常见 句型 虚拟语气的用法归纳虚拟语气的三种时态 高二英语虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气的常见句型。高中家教班老师整理出知识点，虚拟语气：什么是虚拟语气？是的，我们要学习虚拟语气就必须先弄明白它的概念。 虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、
order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。 大家知道以上两类虚拟语气后，我们就从从句的角度来系统学习虚拟语气。紧跟高中家教班老师的步伐哦！ 一. 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were)
主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do If I were you，I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number，I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）
If there were no air or water，there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done
人教版英语专项训练常见虚拟语气最全总结
人教版英语专项训练常见虚拟语气最全总结 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．—A student in my class said to me, “if I ______our math teacher, I_____ make math learning easier and more interesting instead of giving the kids much homework to do every day.”A．were, would B．am, will C．was, would D．were, will 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我班里的一个学生对我说：如果我是数学老师，我会使数学学习更简单有趣，而不是每天给学生许多作业去做。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构： 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反 若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。 该句描述的是与现状相反的事实故选A。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars? — I would give it to charity. A．have B．had C．will have D．would have 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意:-如果你有一百万美元你会做什么？-我会把它捐给慈善事业。have 有；had 过去式；will have 一般将来时；would have 过去将来时。根据句意可知，这 里表示的是一个假设的问题，在if引导的条件状语从句中应该用虚拟语气，动词用过去式，故选B。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 3．If I _____ you, I _____ late for school this morning. A．were, wouldn’t be B．were, wouldn’t C．was, won’t be D．am, will 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析；句意：如果我是你，今天早晨我上学就不会迟到。与现在事实相反，故从句用过去时态，主语用过去将来时态。选项B缺少谓语动词。故选A。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句
虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析
虚拟语气用法 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告，建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外，如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。
If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。 【注意】 若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had 等缩略成Weren't，Shouldn't，Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time，I would come. 假若我有时间，我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中，如without…, but for…,otherwise（要不是因为）等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。
常见的虚拟语气句型
常见的虚拟语气句型 一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句中 1．与现在事实相反的虚拟语气形式 If＋主语＋动词的过去式（be要用were）……, 主句主语＋would（或should, could, might）＋动词原形。 2．与过去事实相反的虚拟语气形式 If＋主语＋had＋过去分词……, 主句主语＋would（或should, could, might）＋have＋过去分词。 3．与将来事实相反的虚拟语气形式 If＋主语＋动词的过去式（或were to ＋动词原形, 或should ＋动词原形）……, 主句主语＋would（或should, could, might）＋动词原形。 二、虚拟语气的其它句型 1虚拟语气用在动词wish带的宾语从句中, 宾语从句的谓语动词形式为: ①谓语动词用过去式（be用were）表示现在的情况。 例如: I wish I didn't have a cold. 但愿我没有感冒。 ②谓语动词用过去完成式表示过去的情况。 例如: I wish I had seen you yesterday. ③谓语动词用would（或could, might）＋动词原形表示将来的情况。 例如: I wish you could come tomorrow. 但愿你明天会来。 注: as if（＝as though）引导的从句和if only后面所跟的句子也要用虚拟语气, 其形式和动词wish所带的宾语从句的形式相同。 例如: When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. If only I had followed his advice. 若是我听了他的劝告就好了。 2用介词短语（without..., but for... ）、副词（otherwise）表示某种假设的情况, 相当于if引导的虚拟条件句。 例如: Without electricity human life would be quite different today. 3虚拟语气用在It ＋be ＋important（necessary, strange, natural）＋that clause句型中, that clause的谓语动词应为“（should ＋）动词原形”。 例如: It is necessary that he be sent to the hospital at once. 4虚拟语气用在It ＋be ＋time ＋that clause句型中, that clause的谓语动词应为“动词的过去式（be用were）或should ＋动词原形”。 例如: It is time that he went（should go）to bed. 他睡觉的时间到了。 5. 虚拟语气用在order, ask, suggest（建议）, demand, request, insist（坚持要）等动词后面的宾语从句中, 宾语从句的谓语动词应为“（should ＋）动词原形”。 例如: He suggested that she start/ should start at once.
关于虚拟语气的知识点整理
关于虚拟语气的知识点整理 虚拟语气的重点是： 1．一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。 2．虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。 3．主从句表示不同的时间概念、事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。 4．含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。 上述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。 下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。 一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型 （1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。 B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。 C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。 The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it. ---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.” ---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.” I wish that he weren’t so lazy. (2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. (3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如： I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。 I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。 I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。 （4）I t’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。 It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown. It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。 （5）as, 或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构：Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on. The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. （6）由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如： She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。 The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself. (7) if it were not for…与现在事实相反，if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for： If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.
虚拟语气句型
常用虚拟语气句型 1．if条件句 条件状语从句可分为真实条件句，即条件满足，事实就发生的情况；和非真实条件句，即与事实相反或难以实现的假设情况。虚拟语气的基本句型，即是这种非真实条件状语从句。 If I had got up early, I wouldn’t have been late. If I were to do it, I should do it at once. 【说明】 ①在非正式英语中，条件从句中的第一、第三人称单数主语后可用was代替were。 If I was you, I would accept the invitation. ②主句中的would可用于各种人称，而should只用于第一人称。 ③在主句中也可用情态动词could，might代替would，should。 If I had had enough time, I might have done it better. ④条件从句中的谓语动词含有were，had，should时，可以省略从属连接词if，然后采 用倒装结构，把were，had，should移到主语前面。 Should you pass this way, do drop in for a visit.= If you should pass this way,…… Had I known it, I wouldn’t had made such a silly mistake.= If I had known it,…… Were it left to me to decide whether I should have a job immediately or go on to study at college, I wouldn’t hesitate a moment to choose the latter.= If it were left to me to decide…….. ⑤在同一个句子中不能一部分表示真实条件，另一部分表示非真实条件。 [误]If my grandfather comes tomorrow, I should stay home. [正]If my grandfather comes tomorrow, I shall stay home. [正]If my grandfather were to come tomorrow, I should stay home. ⑥有时，条件和结果发生的时间不一致，动词形式便要作适当调整，变成错综时间条件句。 If you had taken the medicine, you would be well now. If he were honest, he would had told us the truth. If it hadn’t rained so much, we would have a good harvest in autumn. 2．介词或介词短语without/ thanks to/ but for +名词结构代替if条件句表示的虚拟语 Thanks to the man’s timely rescue, the child would have been drowned. Without the sun and water, nothing would live.
虚拟语气十大句型
虚拟语气的十大句型 一、虚拟条件句： 条件状语从句是非真实情况，在这种情况下要用虚拟语气。 1．条件从句与现在事实不一致，其句型为： 句型1：If ＋主语＋过去时，主语＋ should (could, would, 或might) ＋动词原形 (1) If I were you, I would study hard. (2) If it rained, I would not be here now. 2．条件从句与过去事实不一致，其句型为： 句型2：If ＋主语＋had＋过去分词，主语＋ should（could, would, 或might）＋ have ＋过去分词 (3) If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved. (4) If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term. 3．条件从句与将来事实不一致，其句型为： 句型3：If ＋主语＋过去时/ should ＋动词原形/ were to＋动词原形，主语＋ should (could, would, 或might) ＋动词原形 (5) If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. (6) If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes. (7) If you missed the film tonight, you would feel sorry. 注意问题： 1．If条件句中绝对不可以出现would。
虚拟语气与各种句型
虚拟语气与各种句型 一、I wish句型中的虚拟语气 I wish后面的宾语从句，表示不可能实现的愿望。其动词形式有三种：1. 动词用过去式，表示与现在事实相反的一种愿望。2. 动词用过去完成式，表示与过去事实相反的愿望。 3. 动词用would/should +动词原形，表示与将来事实很可能相反或不可能实现的愿望。如： I wish I were a doctor. 我希望我是一名医生。 I wish you hadn’t given him my telephone number. 我真希望你没把我的电话号码给他。 I wish you’d come back before Christmas. 我多么希望你在圣诞节之前回来。 [典型考例]How I wish every family_________a large house with a beautiful garden!(NMET02上海春) A. has B. had C. will have D. had had 二、If only句型中的虚拟语气 If only引导的句子表示“但愿”，“要是……就好了”。其用法和I wish 的句型基本相同，只是更具感情色彩。在If only句型中，动词用过去式，表示一种意愿或假设；动词用过去完成式，表示希望出现和过去事实相反的情况；动词用would +动词原形，表示一时很难实现的愿望。如： If only I had more time to think about it! 但愿我有更多的时间去考虑它。 If only the explosion had not happened! 爆炸要是没有发生就好了。 If only he had not eaten so much sugar! 要是他不吃那么多糖就好了。 [典型考例1]If only he_________quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. (NMET2000上海) A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie [典型考例2] Look at the trouble I am in! If only I_________your advice. （NMET’03 上海） A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow 三、“It’s (high) time that…”句型中的虚拟语气 “It’s time that...”句型表示“该是……的时候了”，谓语动词用一般过去式，有时为了强调，在time之前加high一词，表示“早该是……的时候了”。如：
虚拟语气分类
按考点分类练习
10. If the plane crashed, we . A. would all kill B. will all be killed C. would all have been killed D. would all be killed 11. ______ more carefully, she wouldn't have made so many mistakes. A. If she listened B. If she listens C. If she has listened D. Had she listened 12. If he had taken my advice, he a scientist now. A. will be B. is C. has been D. would be 13. ______ , we would have visited the museum then. A. If it does not rain B. Should it not rain C. Had it not rained D. If it has not rained 14. Should it stop raining, I ___ f or a walk. A. had gone B. went C. would have gone D. would go 15. ______ he try again, he might be successful. A. Could B. Might C. Must D. Should 16. If the teacher hadn't explained it to me, I the problem so well. A. would never be understood B. had never understood C. would never have understood D. will never have understood 17. —Why didn't you buy that dictionary —I _________ i f I had had enough money. A. would B. would have C. have bought D. had bought 18. If Jane hadn't missed the early train, she on time, but she was late. A. will arrive B. would arrive C. would have arrived D. had arrived 19. ______ , he would be surprised. A. Were Tom to see you B. Were Tom see you C. If Tom is to see you D. If Tom has seen you 20. But for your help, I the place. A. can't find B. can't have found C. couldn't have found D. haven't found 21. ______ I known he needed money so badly, I might have managed to help him. A. Unless B. When C. If D. Had 22. ______ , I wouldn't do that. A. If I am in your place B. Were I in your place C. If I have been in your place D. If I am to be in your place 23. ______ , I should paint the room white. A. If I have been you B. If I would be you C. If I will be you D. If I were you 24. If you were offered a trip to the moon, you _______ it A. will... accept B. are... going to accept C. do... accept D. would... accept 25. —Alice, why didn't you come yesterday —I ________ , but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would have C. was going to D. B or C Keys: 1-5 BACBC 6-10 AC DAD 11-15 DDCDD