2016年青大研究生综合英语四篇文章汉译英翻译整理

2016年青大研究生综合英语四篇文章汉译英翻译整理

Unit1 TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS

David G. Jensen

核心员工的特征

We hold them up to the standards we see in our toppeople. If itlooks like they have these same traits, we'll place a bet on them."

“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。”

The business environment is less lone-wolf and competitive, so signs of being collaborative and selfless stand out.

企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。

5 Many peptides and grad students have a tough time showing that they can make this transition because so much of their life has involved playing the independent- researcher role and outshining other young stars.

许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。

Better still, develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborates with as a person who fosters and initiates collaborations—and make sure this quality gets mentioned by those who will take those reference phone calls.

更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间，培养一个良好声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。

This requirement needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management."

这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。”

He or she must be able to embrace ambiguity and stick his or her neck out to drive to a conclusion.

他或她必须能接纳不确定因素并冒着风险做出结论。

The scientist who is transitioning into the business world must prioritize his or her relationship assets above their technical assets.

想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源。To suddenly be valued and measured by your mastery of human relationships can be a very scary proposition for a person who has been valued and measured only by his mastery of things,"

对一个以前一直根据专业知识水平被评价的人来说，突然之间要根据他的人际交往能力来评价他，真是十分令人恐惧。”

Unit4LOVE AND LOVING RELATIONSHIPS

Nijole V. Benokraitis

爱和情感连系

奈杰尔·贝诺克瑞提斯

In fact, "real" love is closer to what one author called "stirring-the-oatmeal love" (Johnson 1985). This type of love is neither exciting nor thrilling but is relatively

mundane and unromantic. It means paying bills, putting out the garbage, scrubbing toilet bowls, being up all night with a sick baby, and performing myriad other ' oatmeal" tasks that are not very sexy.

事实上，“真”爱更接近于一位作家(约翰逊，1995)所称的“搅燕麦粥之爱”。这种爱既不令人激动也不能令人兴奋，但是它却是实实在在的，不浪漫的。它是付账单，倒垃圾，刷马桶，孩子生病时守夜，以及完成其他各种各样不那么性感的“搅燕麦粥”的任务。

Many people believe that "there's one person out there that one is meant for" and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are "filtered out" by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due ton factors such as age, race, distance, Social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearance.

许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”，而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现实。实证研究发现，是文化标准和价值观而非命运，将人们连系在一起。我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局，这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。

Unit7ON HUMAN NATUREFrank and Lydia Hammer

The constancy of human nature is proverbial, as no one believes that a man canfundamentally change his nature. This is why it is so difficult for one who has acquiredan unsavory reputation to re-establish himself in public confidence. People know fromexperience that an individual who in one year displays knavish characteristics- seldomin the next becomes any different. Nor does a thief become a trustworthy employee, ora miser a philanthropist. Nor does a man change and become a liar, coward or traitorat fifty or sixty; if he is one then, he has been one ever since his character was formed.Big criminals are first little criminals, just as giant oaks are first little acorns.

人性的恒定性是众所周知的，因为没有人相信一个人能够从根本上改变他的本性。这就是为什么一个恶名远扬的人很难重建公众对他的信心。人们凭经验知道某一年中表现出无赖性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改观。小偷也不会变成值得信赖的员工。吝啬鬼也不可能变成慈善家。而且，一个人不会在五六十岁的时候变成谎话精、懦夫或叛徒，如果那时候他是，那么早在他性格形成的时候他就已经是了。大罪犯最初都是小罪犯，正如大橡树最初都是小橡果。

Man's inherent goodness, moreover, is revealed by his countless acts of heroism,unselfishness and sacrifice. Daily one reads of men saving others at the peril of theirown lives. One plunges into the surf and rescues a swimmer from drowning; anotherdashes into a burning house and carries a stranger to safety; others snatch a child fromthe wheels of death; many give their blood so that others may live. Countless unnamed and unrecorded men have given their lives for their fellowmen, not only on the battlefront but on the home- front as well.

人类固有的优点还体现在不计其数的英雄主义行为、充满无私和牺牲精神的举动

上，每天我们都会读到人们冒着生命危险挽救他人生命的事迹：有人跃入水中拯救溺水的泳者；有人冲进火场将陌生人带出险境；有人从死亡的车轮下救出孩子；许多人献出鲜血使他人生命得以延续。数不胜数的不知姓名、不被记载的人们，不仅在战场上，而且还在战争的大后方，为了他们的同胞献出了生命。

ACADEMY IN TIMES OF CRISIS

In the days ahead, I hope that our country's decision-makers will draw on the knowledge that resides on ourcampuses, on historians who can inform the present through deep understanding of the past, philosophers who can provide frameworks for working through issues of right and wrong, economists whose insights can help to get the economy back on track, engineers who know how to build safer buildings, scientists who can analyze our vulnerabilities to future attack and develop strategies for reducing those vulnerabilities, and scholars in many fields who can help us understand the motivations of those who would commit acts of terrorism here and throughout the world.

在日后的岁月中，我希望我们国家的决策者根据留存于大学的知识来做决定，咨询能通过对过去的深刻理解而洞悉现在的历史学家们；咨询能提供明辨是非原则的哲学家们；咨询能以其洞察力使经济回归正轨的经济学家们；咨询知道如何建造更安全建筑的工程师们；咨询能分析我们容易招致未来袭击的软肋并能制订出弥补这些弱点的战略的科学家们；以及咨询能帮助我们弄清恐怖分子在我国及世界各地实施恐怖行动的动机的多个领域的学者们。

What we should seek to impart in our colleges, is not so much learning itself as the spirit of learning. It consists in the power to distinguish good reasoning from bad, in the power to digest and interpret evidence, in the habit of catholic observation and a preference for the non-partisan point of view, in an addiction to clear and logical processes of thought and yet an instinctive desire to interpret rather than to stick to the letter of reasoning, in a taste for knowledge and a deep respect for the integrity of the human mind."

“在大学里我们应当努力传授的，与其说是知识本身还不如说是做学问的精神。它包括：辨别正确推理与错误推理的能力，消化与阐释论据的能力，广泛观察的习惯，对于持客观见解的偏好，执着于清晰有条理的思维过程，本能地热衷于阐释内涵而不拘泥于推论的字面意思，对知识的鉴赏力，对人类健全心智的无限尊重。”

Wilson, and the presidents who followed him, rejected the narrow idea of a liberalarts education as preparation for a profession. While understanding the importance ofprofessional education, they made it clear that at Princeton we should first and foremostcultivate the qualities of thought and discernment in our students in the belief that this willbe most conducive to the health of our society. Thus we distinguish between the acquisitionof information, something that is essential for professional training, and the development ofhabits of mind that can be applied in any profession. Consequently we celebrate when theclassics scholar goes to medical school, the physicist becomes a member of Congress, or thehistorian teaches primary school. If we do our job well as educators, each of our studentswill take from a Princeton

education a respect and appreciation for ideas and values,intellectual openness and rigor, practice in civil discourse and a sense of civic responsibility.During these troubled times, our students and our alumni will be called upon to exercisethese qualities in their professions, their communities and their daily lives. By so doing, andthrough their leadership, their vision and their courage, they will help to fulfill Princeton'sobligation to society and bring true meaning to our motto, "Princeton in the nation's serviceand in the service of all nations."

7威尔逊及其继任者们拒绝这一狭隘的观念：即大学文科教育只限于为某种职业做准备。他们在了解职业教育重要性的同时，更清楚在普林斯顿首先应该培养学生的思考能力和洞察力，坚信这才最有益于社会健全发展。因此我们对以下两方面做了区分：对职业素质的培养有重要作用的信息获取和能够应用于任何职业的思维习惯的发展。所以，当古典文学家走进医学院、物理学家成为国会议员或历史学家执教小学的时候，我们便感到庆幸。如果我们作为教育家做好我们的工作，我们的每一个学生将从普林斯顿的教育中学会尊重和欣赏各种理念与价值、思维的开放与严谨、社交实践与公民责任感。在这困难重重的年代，我们将号召我们的学生和校友们在他们的职业中、在他们的团体和日常生活中实践这些品质。通过这样做，通过他们的领导力、洞察力和勇气，他们将帮助履行普林斯顿对社会的义务和实践我们的座右铭：“普林斯顿——为国家服务，为世界服务!”