高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit13People教师用书北师大版必修
Unit 13 People
(对应学生用书第91页)
[单词拼写应用]
Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记
1．weakness n．弱点，缺陷2．gain vt.获得；增加3．passive adj.被动的，消极的4．previous adj.以前的，过去的5．positive adj.积极的6．lawyer n. 律师7．connection n. 联系；连接8．gifted adj.有天赋的9．deserve vt.应得，值得10．failure n. 失败11．entirely adv. 完全地12．independent adj.独立的13．fault n. 错误；缺点14．grateful adj.感激的，感谢的15．shortcoming n. 缺点，短处16．assessment n. 评估17．emergency n. 紧急情况18．accurately adv. 精确地19．embassy n. 大使馆20．athletic adj.喜爱运动的21．independence n. 独立22．astronomy n. 天文学23．allergic adj.过敏的
Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别
1．strong adj.强壮的
→strength n. 长处，优势
→strengthen v. 加强
2．concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)
→concentration n. 专心
3．associate vt.联想，联系
→association n. 联想；协会
4．express v. 表达
adj.特快的
n. 快递
→expression n. 表情；词语
→expressive adj.富于表情的；有表现力的
5．describe v. 描述
→description n. 描述
6．predict vt.预言，预测
→prediction n. 预测，预告
→predictor n. 预言家
7．satisfy v. 使满足
→satisfaction n. 满意
→satisfactory adj.令人满意的
→satisfied adj.满意的
8．relief n. 减轻，宽慰
→relieve v. 减轻；解除；缓和
9．anxiety n. 忧虑，担心
→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦急的
10．account n. (银行)账户；描述，叙述；报告；解释，说明→accountant n. 会计；会计师
11．devote vt.献身于；专心致志于
→devotion n. 专心；奉献
12．appropriate adj.合适的；适当的
→appropriately adv. 适当地
Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．The publication of Great Expectations，which was both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened(strength) Dickens' status as a leading novelist.(2017·江苏高考)
2．It was a relief(relieve) and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle of the road.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)
3．To my satisfaction(satisfy)，my son has been absorbed in his study.
4．They show great anxiety(anxious) concerning their retirement allowance. 5．This girl gave a vivid description(describe) of the event as if she had attended it herself.
6．There has always been a close association(associate) between these two schools. 7．As a predictor，he often made wrong predictions though he tried his best to predict everything.(predict)
8．Our country is an independent country so we must depend on ourselves；independence and liberty are our state principles forever.(independent)
9．The old scientist is devoted to studying space，and the spirit of devotion deserves learning from.He said he would go on devoting himself to the science field.(devote)
10．He expressed in his expressive speech that he would support us and the expression on his face suggested that he meant what he said.(express)
[拓展联想]
Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写
1．come up with 提出，想出
2．concentrate on 集中于；专注于
3．talk sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
4．draw up 起草
5．be popular with... 受……欢迎
6．on the other hand 另一方面
7．in terms of 就……而言；从某个角度上看
8．accuse sb. of... 控告某人……
9．react to 对……作出反应
10．can't help doing sth. 禁不住要做某事
11．be devoted to 奉献；致力于
12．compared to 和……比较起来
13．be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事
14．end up 结果为……；以……结束
15．deal with 处理，对付
16．to be honest 说实话
17．glare at 怒视
Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1．Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles
you own.(2017·天津高考)
2．To be honest，I don't like chatting with her at all.
3．The poor woman just stood there glaring at the pickpocket.
4．Compared to my father，I was very lucky.
5．How did you come up with the good idea that we could escape being punished? 6．The meeting will deal with these problems，which will benefit parents a lot. 7．Her life was devoted to caring for the sick and needy.
8．In terms of money，he's quite rich，but not in terms of happiness. 9．Seeing these photos，I can't help thinking of my happy childhood.
10．With so much noise outside，I can't concentrate on my homework.
11．If you want to make rapid progress，draw up your own study plan and put it into practice.
12．How do you react to this modern artist's paintings?
[拓展联想]
②
talk/argue sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
③persuade sb.(not) to do sth. 说服某人(不)做某事
[句式结构仿写]
教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用
1.it作形式主语
It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life. 1.一般认为阅读能增加我们的知识，使我们心胸开阔。
It is believed that reading can increase our knowledge and broaden our mind.
2.there is little/no doubt that...“毫
无疑问……”
On the other hand，there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations... 2.无疑这个人不知道应向谁征求意见。There was no/little doubt that the man didn't know who to ask advice from.
3.it作形式宾语
I really dislike it when he eats garlic for lunch. 3.我不喜欢她对我做事指手画脚。
I don't love it when she tells me how to do things.
4.that's why...句型
Perhaps the postcode was wrong，and that's why the letter never arrived. 4.他将去国外学习很长一段时间，那就是我们明天将为他送行的原因。He will go abroad to study for a long time；that's why we will see him off tomorrow.
(对应学生用书第93页)
精讲7个考纲单词
concentrate vi.集中(思想、注意力等)
[经典例句] Adrian was finding it difficult to concentrate.(朗文辞典) 艾德里安觉得自己很难集中注意力。
(1)concentrate...on/upon (doing) sth.
把……专注于某事
concentrate on/upon... 专注于……
(2)concentration n. 专心；集中
①Many media in China concentrated their attention on the explosion of Tianjin. 中国许多媒体把注意力集中在天津爆炸案上。
②When you concentrate on one task，you can find you have energy that you didn't even know you had.
当你集中于一项任务时，你会发现你拥有甚至自己都不知道的能量。
③There is a great need for greater concentration (concentrate) on environmental issues.
更多的关注环境问题是非常有必要的。
链接写作
【导学号：33220047】(普通表达)He concentrated his mind on his work and didn't notice my appearance.
①(高级表达)With his mind concentrated on his work，he didn't notice my appearance. (用with复合结构改写)
②(高级表达)His mind concentrated on his work，he didn't notice my appearance.(用独立主格结构改写)
deserve vt.值得；应得；应受
[高考佳句] These patients deserve a chance at a normal，happy future and they rely on the kindness of strangers to make that happen.(2014·福建高考·阅读理解C)这些患者值得拥有一个正常、快乐、幸福的未来，他们依靠陌生人的好心实现它。
deserve to do 应该做……；值得做……
deserve to be done＝deserve doing
……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
她的确犯了错，但她不应该被解雇。
②It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting/to be respected(respect)．正是那些甘愿奉献而不索取的人才应受到尊敬。
③With many wild animals gradually dying out ，the present situation deserves attention(attent)．
许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前形势值得注意。
链接写作
莫振高，这位善良的、忠诚的中国教师，被授予2016年“感动中国十大人物”这一荣誉是值得的。
Mo Zhen'gao ，the kind and devoted Chinese teacher ，was worthwhile to be honored one of “the Ten Moving China Persons ” of the year 2016.
→Mo Zhen'gao ，the kind and devoted Chinese teacher ，deserved to be honored one of “the Ten Moving China Persons ” of the year 2016.
accuse vt.控告，谴责
[教材原句] Accused of stealing money ，the man was brought to court.
那个人因被指控偷了钱而被带上法庭。
accuse sb. of (doing) sth.＝charge sb. with (doing) sth.
因(做)某事而指责某
人
the accused 被告
①The neighbour who was once charged with attempted murder accused me of playing(play) my radio too loudly.曾经被指控谋杀未遂的邻居指责我把收音机声音开得太大。 ②The accused (accuse) got what they deserved.
被告罪有应得。
desire n ．渴望，欲望 v ．期望，渴望
[教材原句] Tour guides need to be independent ，outgoing and have a desire to share information.
导游需是独立的、外向的并有分享信息的意愿。
(1)have a strong desire ?????to do sth.迫切想要做某事for sth.急于想得到某物 (2)desire to do sth.
渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth.
想要某人做某事 desire that...(should) do sth. 渴望……
been trapped by the flood.我们渴望给予那些被洪水围困的当地村民们即刻的救援。
②He has a strong desire for success though he has failed many times.
尽管他失败了多次，但是他仍然渴望成功。
链接写作
【导学号：33220048】她迫切地想拜访那位著名作家。
①She has a strong desire to visit the famous writer.(desire n．)
②She desires to visit the famous writer.(desire vt.)
account vt.认为是；视为；总计有
n．说明；理由；账目；报道
[高考佳句] They now need to take into account the extent of firms' data
assets when assessing the impact of deals.(2017·江苏高考)在评价交易影响的时候，他们现在需要把公司的资产数据也考虑进去。
account for 说明(原因等)；作出解释；占……比例
on account of 由于，因为
on no account 决不(放在句首时，句子倒装)
take account of/take...into account(＝take...into consideration) 考虑……
①The gene they discovered today doesn't account for all those cases.
他们现在发现的基因无法解释所有的病例。
②We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.由于天气不好，我们将启程的时间推迟了。
③On no account will you tell him about our plan.
你决不能把我们的计划告诉他。
链接写作
【导学号：33220049】票房收入的上升有许多因素。(2017·江苏高考)
①(普通表达)There are a number of factors for the increase in the box-office income.
②(高级表达)A number of factors can account for the increase in the box-office income.
judge n．裁判，法官 vt.评判；判断；审判；判决
[经典例句] I am in no position to judge whether what she is doing is right or wrong.(朗文辞典)
我无权评判她在做的事是对是错。
(1)judge...by/from 从……判断，按照……判断
judging from/by... 根据……判断
(2)judgement n. 判断力，意见；判决，宣判
in one's judgement 依某人看来
①Judging by the look on his face，the news must have been terrible.
从他脸上的表情判断，这条消息肯定很糟糕。
②In my judgement(judge)，all of them are to blame.
依我看，他们所有的人都应受到责备。
devote vt.献身于；专心于
[高考佳句] Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.(2016·北京高考·阅读理解B)邻居们奉献了他们的空闲时间去帮助他人做重建工作。
(1)devote oneself to sth./doing sth.
献身于……；致力于……
devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth.
把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于做某事(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的
be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于；奉献于做某事
(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚
in the small village.
她非常疼爱的儿子去年去了国外，留下她一个人在小村子里。
②Devoted (devote) to the study of science，she had little time to take care of her children.
她献身于科学研究几乎没有时间照看自己的孩子。
③The dog had such devotion (devote) to its master that it would not leave him，even when he was dead.
这只狗对它的主人是如此的忠诚，甚至当他死了它也不愿离开。
诠释3个核心短语
end up结果为……；以……结束
[经典例句] He'll end up in prison if he's not careful.(朗文辞典)如果他不小心，最后会锒铛入狱的。
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