广州英语沪教牛津版八年级上册Unit1讲义和练习
Unit 1 Encyclopaedias
1. ____________________在农村
2. human being _____________________
3. _____________________消失，灭绝
4. go for a walk_____________________
5. _____________________因…而著名
6. for example _____________________
7. ______________________在…末尾8. used to do sth____________________
9. ______________________出生在某地10. look up____________________
11. _____________________长大12. remember to do sth____________________ Getting ready
look up 为固定搭配,意为“（在字典、参考书中）查找”，后接名词或代词作宾语，look up后若跟代词作宾语，代词应放在look 和up之间。
短语：look up……in…… 在……中查找……
Eg: You can_________ his telephone number in the telephone book.
If we don’t know how to use a word, we can___________ in a dictionary.
【同类归纳】look的其他常用短语
look at____________ look for____________
look after____________ look over____________
look like____________ look through____________
born (动词；形容词)__________
短语：be born in+______ 出生在 ……
be born on +______ 出生在 ……
be born of+_______ 出生于….
Eg: She _____________ China on September 23.
3. include （动词）___________指在一个整体中包括了其中一部分内容或项目，强调包含的部分。Eg: The clubs in our school _________music club, English club and so on。
famous （形容词）_________
短语：be famous for…… 因……而著名
be famous as…… 作为……而著名
Eg: China ___________________ The Great Wall and pandas.
He_______________________ a table tennis player.
5. For example________
【易混辨析】
It’s not polite to do so, _______________, you take away your classmate’s book without permission.
He likes sports, _____________football, basketball and swimming.
more than 意为“____________”，相当于over,常与数词连用;
反义词为_____________意为“_________”。
Eg: He was ill for _____________two weeks.
The children spend less than three hours on English every day.
拓展
No more than ________ not more than____________
More than one + 单数名词 _______________
some……others…… ___________________，others指除去一部分之后的另一些，但不是剩余的全部。Eg: In summer camp, _______ are playing basketball, ________are playing volleyball.
die out _______，是不及物动词短语，后不接宾语，不用于被动语态。
If people don’t stop cutting forests, more animals will died out.
9. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.
however
（副词）_______（可位于句首、句中、句尾，在使用时要用逗号将其与句子的其他部分隔开）
Eg: It’s raining hard. However, I still want to go there.
【易混辨析】However与but
I really don’t like cheese, ______ I will try a little this time.
10. However, we can learn about them from their fossils
learn about ____________________（动词短语）
Eg: How did you learn about the meeting?
help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 = help sb with sth 帮助某人某事
Eg: Can you _______________English? = Can you_____________ my English?
remember 是动词，意为“__________”，后常跟名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或that从句。Remember to do sth. 意为“ _____________________”
Remember doing sth意为“______________________”
Eg: Do you remember the singer?
I remember to buy the coffee.
I remember posting letters for you.
13. Then, suddenly, they all died out
all作为代词，指“（________________）全部”，常和介词of连用，构成all
of……结构，意为“___________”,其后接可数名词的复数形式，还可接人称代词宾格的复数形式。Eg: All of the students in our class like English.
All of them are my friend.
【易混辨析】 both表示“（两者）都”，而all表示 “（三者或三者以上的）全部”
Eg: I like both of the stories.
14. Perhaps you will do something important or even become famous one day
形容词修饰不定代词的用法
注意：形容词修饰不定代词，形容词要放在不定代词之后。
Eg: There is something wrong with my bike. (wrong是形容词，放在something后)
Listening
find out____________（通常指经过努力发现事情的真相）
Eg: At last, the teacher ____________who sent her the card.
【易混辨析】look for, find out与find out
million意为“_______”，当其与具体数字连用时，million后不能加-s和of,
后面直接接可数名词复数。当其与of连用表示约数时，million必须加s，构成短语millions of，意为“数百万的”，后接可数名词复数。
Eg: The population of city is more than one million.
Jack had millions of fans.
课堂练习
1. The word _______five letters.
A. is made up
B. makes up of
C. is made up of
2. If you don’t know the new word. You can ________in the dictionary.
A. look up it
B. look it up
C. look for it
D. look it for
3. Guilin is famous ________its green hills and clear water.
A. with
B. of
C. for
D. to
4. Old Mr. black lives happily with his three dogs. _______of them are part of his family.
A. Both
B. All
C. None
D. Neither
5. We can learn a lot_____ Chinese history from this book.
A. about
B. for
C. of
D. from
6. ---Could you help me _______this box? It’s too heavy. ---Of course.
A. carrying
B. carry
C. carries
D. to carrying
7. I’m busy now. I have _______to do.
A. anything important
B. something important
C. important anything
D. important something
8. Remember ______the book to the library when you finish it.
A. to return
B. return
C. returning
D. returns
9. Basketball is so exciting that _______people play it for fun.
A. million
B. two millions
C. million of
D. millions of
10. There are sixty people in the classroom, _______(包括) five teachers.
11. 他出生于1998年3月8号。
He_______ _______on March 8th.
12. 他们以多彩的生活而闻名。
They are famous _______their colorful life.
13. _______Kobe’s fans watched his final match and_______ of them were men.
A. Million of; three fourths
B. Three million; third four
C. Million of; three fourths
D. Three million; third fours
14. Please _________ when the train leaves.
A. look
B. look for
C. find
D. find out
15. When the baby couldn’t __________her mother, she began to cry.
A. find
B. find out
C. look for
D. look
16. In 2022, Beijing will host the Winter Olympics. _____________my brother and I want to watch it.
A. Neither
B. All
C. Either
D. Both
17. Neither my father nor my mother is able to drive a car. ______________, they are going to buy one.
A. Until
B. However
C. Before
D. Because
18. There are lots of people in the park today. some are walking and ________are boating.
A. another
B. the other
C. others
D. other
19. —Hainan _________ its blue sky and fresh air.
—So it is. That’s why more and more visitors spend their holidays here.
A. is weak in
B. is famous for
C. is used to
20. Do you think the cost __________（包含）both the house and furniture.
阅读能力提升与拓展
完型填空
Television plays an important part in our daily life. Children enjoy watching TV. Some ___1___ are happy about that because it stops their children from playing with dangerous things. Watching TV can help your children __2____ about lots of things, such as music, other countries, and many other things. They will learn much more about the outside world.
However, it’s ___3__ to say that watching TV doesn’t do harm to children. You can’t let them watch TV as __4___ as they want. Watching TV takes up a lot of time. Children need to ___5___ the world by themselves, not just from TV. Besides, children need to move around and do lots of __6____. Sitting on the chairs and watching TV too much will make children become fatter. It is __7___ worse when the TV programs are ___8___ of violent scenes （暴力场景）. These things are bad for children.
As parents, you should choose the right programs for them, and shouldn’t leave the TV on all day. Turn it off right after their programs __9____. Never put a TV in your children’s ___10__.
1. A. parents B. schools C. teachers D. students
2. A. look B. forget C. think D. learn
3. A. wrong B. friendly C. right D. careful
4. A. much B. many C. little D. few
5. A. look B. invent C. know D. watch
6. A. sports B. homework C. parties D. programs
7. A. very B. so C. too D. even
8. A. fond B. full C. proud D. afraid
9. A. go B. come C. begin D. end
10. A. school B. room C. classroom D. home
阅读理解
A
Shane is a man from space. He thinks the people and things on the earth are very strange. He is now writing a letter to his friend at home. Here is part of his letter. Read it and answer the questions.
Now I am in a strange world. It is very nice. There are many new things here. There are many earth monsters here, too. The earth monsters look very funny. They have just one head, two arms and two legs. They have thin black strings(线) on their heads. Some earth monsters have brown or yellow strings. The earth monsters have a hole in their face. Every day, they put nice things and balls from the trees into the hole. They put water into the hole, too. The earth monsters do not walk very fast. They move from place to place in tin boxes.
At night, the earth monsters like to look at a square window box. This box has very small earth monsters in it.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
1. Shane thinks the people and things on the earth are very _____.
A. strange
B. nice
C. different
D. beautiful
2. Shane thinks man on the earth is ______.
A. a monkey
B. an earth monster
C. a tin box
D. a strange world
3. The earth monster doesn't have _______.
A. heads, arms or legs
B. brown or yellow strings on its head
C. a hole on its face
D. a swing on its body
4. The earth monsters don't put _______ on their holes.
A. nice things
B. balls
C. fire
D. water
5. The square window box is _____.
A. a car or a bus
B. a very small earth monster
C. a TV set
D. a radio
B
Almost every Chinese person can recite(背诵) the two lines of the famous poem, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work”. But sadly, many of us don’t actually get the real meaning of these lines: Don’t waste food.
A CCTV program reported that the food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year. Do we have too much food? Absolutely not. According to the UN World Food Program, there were 925 million hungry people around the world in 2011, especially in developing countries. Six million children die of hunger every year.
Chinese people are well known for being friendly and generous(慷慨的). Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food on the table. Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. What should we do in our daily lives to stop wasting food?
1. Don’t order(点菜) too much in a restaurant. Only order as much as you want to eat. If you cannot eat
all the food you order, take the rest of it home.
2. Don’t leave any food in your bowls while having meals.
3. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy too much, especially for vegetables and fruit.
1. What’s the real meaning of the underlined sentence?
A. 春种一粒粟，秋收万颗籽
B. 谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦
C. 吏禄三百石，岁晏有余粮
D. 足蒸暑土气，背灼炎天光
2. According to the UN report, how many hungry people were there in 2011?
A. 6 million
B. 925 million
C. 200 million
D. 725 million
3. What should we do to stop wasting food?
A. Order more food in a restaurant.
B. Every time you eat, leave some food in your bowls.
C. Take all the food you order home.
D. Don’t buy too much food like vegetables and fruit.
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. A number of people have realized the importance of saving food.
B. The food Chinese people throw away every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.
C. 200 million children die of hunger every year.
D. Many Chinese feel that they lose face if guests have eaten all the food on the table.
5. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. Don’t waste food.
B. Chinese people are friendly and generous.
C. We can’t die of hunger.
D. Every grain is grown by farmers.